CN215025444U

CN215025444U - Tritium filtering gas mask canister

Info

Publication number: CN215025444U
Application number: CN202120796785.3U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘汉洲; 尤慕远; 覃皓明; 黎清; 文万信
Original assignee: Suzhou University
Current assignee: Suzhou University
Priority date: 2021-04-19
Filing date: 2021-04-19
Publication date: 2021-12-07
Anticipated expiration: 2031-04-19

Abstract

The utility model discloses a canister of a tritium filtering gas mask, which comprises a canister body, wherein the upper side of the canister body is provided with a connecting port, and the lower side is a canister bottom; the pot bottom is filled with a layer of non-woven fabric, the non-woven fabric is filled with a tritium removal material layer, and the tritium removal material layer is covered with a layer of non-woven fabric; wherein, the tritium removal material layer is composed of a hydrogel layer and water absorbing layers respectively arranged at the upper side and the lower side of the hydrogel layer. The utility model discloses a tritium filters gas mask canister, through the material layer that absorbs water has been introduced to both sides about the aquogel, can keep the aquogel difficult collapse on the one hand, on the other hand has improved holistic effect and the result of use of getting rid of.

Description

Tritium filtering gas mask canister

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a gas mask technical field especially relates to a tritium filters gas mask canister.

Background

The peaceful and environmental protection utilization of nuclear energy is an important direction for the development and application of the current energy technology. Nuclear power plants are the primary means of peacefully utilizing nuclear energy and produce large quantities of solid, liquid, and gaseous radioactive waste during operation. The effective protection of the radioactive wastes and the prevention of the radioactive wastes from harming the human body are important sub-problems in the nuclear engineering and nuclear technology field. Tritiated water and tritium gas are main tritium-containing radioactive wastes in nuclear power plants, and long-term uptake of tritium water can cause malignant tumors and other malignant diseases of hematopoietic systems. In a typical heavy water reactor nuclear power plant, the irradiation dose in tritium accounts for one third of the total effective dose, and the content of tritiated water and tritium gas is high in some scenes. Protection against tritium is therefore becoming increasingly important. Tritiated water and tritium gas mainly enter a human body in an inhalation mode and generate an injury effect, so that protection of the tritiated water and the tritium gas in the nuclear power station is mainly achieved through inhalation protection. By using a proper gas mask and a proper filtering material, the amount of tritiated water and tritium gas entering a human body can be greatly reduced, and the damage effect on the human body can also be greatly reduced.

At present, there are three main types of tritium inhalation protection in nuclear power plants, which are respectively described as follows:

1. ice box adsorption method

The ice box respirator uses ice blocks as adsorption materials, and the prepared ice blocks are required to be placed in a carry-on filter box and connected to a breathing mask before use. The respirator can adsorb and exchange tritiated water in the air through ice blocks to achieve the tritium removal effect. The adsorption and tritium removal effects are lost when the ice is completely melted. The service time of the ice box respirator is greatly influenced by the ambient temperature, the effective time is relatively short at high temperature, the effective time is relatively long at low temperature, and generally, the service time of the ice box filter is not more than 1 hour.

2. Adsorption method for inorganic material

Inorganic materials such as molecular sieves and the like are filled in a canister of the gas mask, and a user can play a role in preventing tritiated water from being inhaled by wearing the gas mask. The molecular sieve is crushed, granulated, evenly filled into the canister and sealed by the air permeable material, the canister is screwed into the gas mask when in use, and a user can absorb tritiated water in the environment through the canister, thus achieving the effect of protecting the tritiated water. The air filtered by the tritium-absorbing filter respirator is very dry and cannot be endured by users for a long time, and the tritiated water absorbed by the inorganic material is limited, so the using time is about 1.5 to 2 hours.

3. Self-carried respirator

Self-contained respirators employ a self-contained compressed air cylinder as the source of air supply for the user. The gas cylinder is connected to a fully-closed breathing mask through a gas supply pipeline, and a user inhales uncontaminated clean gas in the gas cylinder to realize complete inhalation protection of tritium. The use time of such respirators, affected by the capacity of the compressed air cylinder, is generally not more than 45 minutes, while the range of movement of the user is often limited due to the weight of the cylinder.

The defects of the prior art mainly comprise the following aspects: the protection time is short, the protection time of the existing mainstream tritium inhalation protection means is about 1 hour mostly and is not more than 2 hours basically, and the activity time and the activity capability of a user in a tritium-involved scene are limited. The novel ice box filter is inconvenient to carry, the ice box filter and the self-carrying respirator need to carry a relatively heavy filter box and an air bottle, the density of inorganic materials such as molecular sieves is high, the manufactured filter respirator has high self-weight, and the carrying and wearing comfort is affected. The performance is unbalanced, and the ideal tritium inhalation protection filter has the indexes of long protection time, good protection effect, good usability and the like. However, among the currently applied materials, the ice box filter is easy to use, but has short protection time and poor protection effect. The inorganic material adsorption method has good protection effect, but the filtered air is too dry and is not tolerant by users, so the usability is not good. Self-contained respirators provide the best protection, but the shortest time of use. At present, all adsorbing materials do not pay attention to protection against tritium gas inhalation. During the operation of the nuclear power station, a small amount of tritium gas can be generated, and the tritium gas also has a chronic toxic effect on human bodies. The existing adsorption protection material has no adsorption effect on tritium gas, so that the protection effect on the tritium gas is not realized. In summary, the prior art has certain disadvantages and needs to be improved in a targeted manner.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims to solve the current protective material guard time of adsorbing weak point, the not good shortcoming of use comfort level provides a tritium filters respirator canister, through introducing the water-absorbing material layer in both sides about the aquogel, can keep the aquogel difficult collapse on the one hand, and on the other hand has improved holistic effect and the result of use of getting rid of.

The utility model provides a canister of a tritium filtering gas mask, which comprises a canister body, wherein the upper side of the canister body is provided with a connecting port, and the lower side is a canister bottom; the pot bottom is filled with a layer of non-woven fabric, the non-woven fabric is filled with a tritium removal material layer, and the tritium removal material layer is covered with a layer of non-woven fabric; wherein, the tritium removal material layer is composed of a hydrogel layer and water absorbing layers respectively arranged at the upper side and the lower side of the hydrogel layer.

Preferably, the nonwoven fabric is a polypropylene fiber nonwoven fabric.

Preferably, the hydrogel layer is composed of granular pure hydrogel or graphene grafted hydrogel, and the hydrogel is selected from one of polyacrylamide hydrogel, polyacrylic acid hydrogel and polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel. More preferably, the hydrogel layer is formed by graphene grafted hydrogel, wherein the graphene plays a supporting role on one hand, and the high-hardness lamellar graphene can support the three-dimensional structure of the hydrogel, so that the structure is stronger and the tritium water absorption performance of the hydrogel layer is better improved; on the other hand, the graphene also has the capacity of absorbing tritium gas, and the tritium removal capacity of the material can be improved.

Preferably, the hydrogel has a particle size of 0.5 to 1 cm.

Preferably, the water-absorbing layer is composed of silica gel, aluminosilicate molecular sieves or activated carbon. More preferably, the water-absorbing layer is composed of silica gel.

Preferably, the particle size of the water-absorbent layer material is 0.5-1 cm.

The utility model also provides a poison filtering tank of the modular tritium filtering gas mask, which comprises a tank body, wherein the upper side of the tank body is provided with a connecting port, and the lower side is a tank bottom; the tank bottom department is filled with the one deck non-woven fabrics, water absorption module, aquogel module and water absorption module have set gradually on the non-woven fabrics, water absorption module and aquogel module all include the casing of an upper and lower open-ended, upper and lower opening part all seals through the non-woven fabrics, it has water absorbing material and aquogel material to fill respectively in the casing of water absorption module and aquogel module.

Preferably, the hydrogel material is a granular pure hydrogel or a graphene grafted hydrogel, and the hydrogel is selected from one of polyacrylamide hydrogel, polyacrylic acid hydrogel and polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel.

Preferably, the water absorbing material is silica gel, aluminosilicate molecular sieve or activated carbon

Preferably, the water absorption module at the uppermost layer is fixed in the tank body through a fixed clamping ring.

Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the utility model have following advantage:

1. the utility model discloses a tritium filters gas mask canister, through all being provided with the water-absorbing material layer in both sides about the aquogel, can keep the aquogel difficult to collapse on the one hand, during the absorbed moisture in on the other hand water-absorbing material layer can further store the aquogel, improve holistic effect and the result of use of getting rid of.

2. The utility model discloses a modularization tritium filters gas mask canister, through the split charging of tritium material modularization that will remove, during the use directly put into each module the canister jar internal fixation good can, made things convenient for the installation and the change of removing the tritium material greatly.

3. The utility model discloses a poison jar is strained to tritium filtration gas mask has solved the urgent demand of nuclear power station front line tritium personnel tritium protection of wading into, effectively reduces the nuclear power station and wades into the inhalation of staff to tritiated water and tritium gas under the tritium scene to reach the purpose that reduces the tritium and damage the organism. Compared with the prior material, the protective time is longer, the wearing comfort is better, and the tolerance of a user is better.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a canister of a tritium-filtered respirator of a first embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of a water-absorbing module and a hydrogel module;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a canister of a tritium-filtered respirator in a second embodiment of the invention;

wherein: 1. a connecting port; 2. polypropylene fiber non-woven fabric; 3. a water-absorbing layer; 4. a hydrogel layer; 5. the tank bottom; 6. a housing; 7. a water absorption module; 8. a hydrogel module; 9. and fixing the snap ring.

Detailed Description

As described in the background art, the existing ice box adsorption method, inorganic material adsorption method and self-carried respirator have the defects of short protection time, inconvenient carrying, unbalanced performance, no tritium adsorption effect and the like, and cannot meet the protection requirement of the nuclear power station.

In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model provides a canister of a tritium-filtering gas mask. Referring to fig. 1, the canister of the tritium-filtering respirator of this embodiment includes a canister body, and the upper side of the canister body is provided with a connection port 1, and the lower side is a canister bottom 5. The canister body can adopt a canister shell with a standard size, a layer of non-woven fabric is filled at the bottom 5 of the canister body, and the non-woven fabric is preferably polypropylene fiber non-woven fabric 2.

The non-woven fabric is filled with a tritium removal material layer, and the tritium removal material layer can realize the adsorption and removal of tritiated water and tritium gas. The tritium-removing material layer is covered with a layer of non-woven fabric, and the non-woven fabric is preferably polypropylene fiber non-woven fabric 2. And covering a tank cover on the connecting port 1 to prepare the tritium filtering gas mask canister which can be practically used. When in use, the tank cover is taken down, the canister is connected to the gas mask through the connecting port 1, and then the rubber plug of the air inlet hole at the bottom 5 of the canister is taken down.

The tritium removal material layer is composed of a hydrogel layer 4 and water absorbing layers 3 respectively arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the hydrogel layer 4. After the hydrogel absorbs water to a certain degree, the gel structure collapses, the aperture is reduced, and the water absorption performance is obviously reduced. The utility model discloses in, through both sides setting water absorption layer 3 about hydrogel layer 4, can keep hydrogel difficult to collapse on the one hand, on the other hand absorbs during the absorbing moisture in the material layer can further store the aquogel, improves holistic effect and the result of use of getting rid of.

In the present invention, the hydrogel layer 4 is composed of granular pure hydrogel or graphene grafted hydrogel, and the hydrogel may be a common hydrogel, preferably selected from one of polyacrylamide hydrogel, polyacrylic acid hydrogel, and polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel. More preferably, the hydrogel layer 4 is formed by graphene grafted hydrogel, wherein graphene plays a supporting role on one hand, and the high-hardness lamellar graphene can support a three-dimensional structure of the hydrogel, so that the structure is stronger and the tritium water absorption performance of the hydrogel is better improved; on the other hand, the graphene also has the capacity of absorbing tritium gas, and the tritium removal capacity of the material can be improved.

In the utility model, the particle size of the hydrogel particles is related to the tritium removal capability, and if the particle size is too large, the tritium removal capability of the hydrogel is not improved; however, the particle size should not be too small, and if it is too small, the gettering resistance is large, which also affects the tritium removal effect. Preferably, the hydrogel particles have a particle size of 0.3 to 0.5cm, so that the balance between adsorption efficiency and aeration efficiency can be achieved, and the adsorption capacity can be maximally improved.

In the utility model, the water absorbing layer 3 is composed of water absorbing materials such as silica gel, aluminosilicate molecular sieve and active carbon. Preferably, the water-absorbing layer 3 is composed of silica gel. Similarly, the particle size of the water-absorbent layer 3 material is preferably 0.3 to 0.5 cm.

As shown in FIG. 3, in another embodiment of the present invention, a poison filtering canister of a modular tritium-filtering gas mask is provided, which comprises a canister body, wherein the upper side of the canister body is provided with a connection port 1, and the lower side is a canister bottom 5. The tank bottom 5 is filled with a layer of non-woven fabric, and the non-woven fabric is sequentially provided with a water absorption module 7, a hydrogel module 8 and a water absorption module 7.

Referring to fig. 2, the water absorption module 7 and the hydrogel module 8 each include a housing 6 with upper and lower openings, the housing 6 is preferably made of plastic, the upper and lower openings are sealed by non-woven fabrics, and the housing 6 of the water absorption module 7 and the hydrogel module 8 is filled with water absorption material and hydrogel material, respectively. The water-absorbing material and the hydrogel material can be the water-absorbing material and the hydrogel of the previous embodiments, and are not described herein again.

Preferably, the uppermost water absorption module 7 is fixed in the tank body through a fixing snap ring 9.

When the canister of the modular tritium-filtering gas mask is used, firstly, the water absorbing material and the hydrogel material are respectively filled in the shell 6, and then the shell is sealed through the non-woven fabric to form the water absorbing module 7 and the hydrogel module 8; and then the water absorption module 7 and the hydrogel module 8 are placed in the tank body and fixed in the tank body through the fixing clamp ring 9. Compared with the existing canister, the modular design makes the tritium-removing material very convenient to install and replace.

It should be understood that the above examples are only for clarity of illustration and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A tritium filtering gas mask canister comprises a canister body and is characterized in that a connecting port is arranged on the upper side of the canister body, and a canister bottom is arranged on the lower side of the canister body; the pot bottom is filled with a layer of non-woven fabric, the non-woven fabric is filled with a tritium removal material layer, and the tritium removal material layer is covered with a layer of non-woven fabric; wherein, the tritium removal material layer is composed of a hydrogel layer and water absorbing layers respectively arranged at the upper side and the lower side of the hydrogel layer.

2. A tritium-filtering gas mask canister according to claim 1, wherein the non-woven fabric is polypropylene fiber non-woven fabric.

3. A tritium-filtering gas mask canister according to claim 1, wherein the hydrogel layer is composed of a granular pure hydrogel or a graphene grafted hydrogel, and the hydrogel is selected from one of polyacrylamide hydrogel, polyacrylic acid hydrogel, and polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel.

4. A tritium-filtering gas mask canister according to claim 3, wherein the hydrogel particle size is 0.5-1 cm.

5. A tritium-filtering gas mask canister according to claim 1, wherein the water-absorbing layer is composed of silica gel, aluminosilicate molecular sieves or activated carbon.

6. A tritium-filtering gas mask canister according to claim 5, wherein the water-absorbing layer material has a particle size of 0.5-1 cm.

7. A poison filtering tank of a modular tritium filtering gas mask comprises a tank body and is characterized in that a connecting port is arranged on the upper side of the tank body, and the bottom of the tank is arranged on the lower side of the tank body; the tank bottom department is filled with the one deck non-woven fabrics, water absorption module, aquogel module and water absorption module have set gradually on the non-woven fabrics, water absorption module and aquogel module all include the casing of an upper and lower open-ended, upper and lower opening part all seals through the non-woven fabrics, it has water absorbing material and aquogel material to fill respectively in the casing of water absorption module and aquogel module.

8. The canister of claim 7, wherein the hydrogel material is a pure hydrogel in the form of particles or a graphene grafted hydrogel, and the hydrogel is selected from one of polyacrylamide hydrogel, polyacrylic acid hydrogel, and polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel.

9. The modular tritium-filtering respirator canister of claim 7, wherein the water-absorbing material is silica gel, aluminosilicate molecular sieve, or activated carbon.

10. The modular tritium-filtering respirator canister of claim 7, wherein the uppermost water-absorbing module is secured to the canister body by a retaining snap ring.