CN215008584U - Low-profile wide-angle horn antenna - Google Patents
Low-profile wide-angle horn antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN215008584U CN215008584U CN202121609935.1U CN202121609935U CN215008584U CN 215008584 U CN215008584 U CN 215008584U CN 202121609935 U CN202121609935 U CN 202121609935U CN 215008584 U CN215008584 U CN 215008584U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a wide angle horn antenna of low section, including 90 ripple horn antenna and cross dipole antenna, 90 ripple horn antenna includes the wave guide, cross dipole antenna set up in the interior bottom of wave guide. An object of the utility model is to provide a wide angle horn antenna of low section, this antenna have combined 90 ripple horn antenna and cross dipole antenna, utilize 90 ripple horn antenna's radiation pattern shaping characteristics and cross dipole antenna's circular polarization and miniaturized characteristics for the horn antenna who combines has the characteristics that match at K frequency channel miniaturization, low section, wide angle, workable and radiation pattern and earth, can be used to in the low orbit satellite communication.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of antennas, especially, relate to a low section wide angle horn antenna.
Background
In recent years, in low-orbit satellite communication, in order to effectively cover a specific area, reduce interference of adjacent areas and improve efficiency, a requirement of shape matching with a service area is provided for a radiation pattern of a satellite-borne antenna, and a shaped antenna is more and more emphasized.
The horn antenna has the advantages of shaping, low cost, small size, low cross polarization level, low side lobe and good standing wave in a working frequency band, and is suitable for low-orbit satellite communication with strict requirements on the antenna. While circularly polarized waves have less attenuation when passing through a rain and fog region, and have the capability of resisting multipath reflection effect and rain and fog attenuation, circularly polarized antennas are important in more and more practical applications, particularly in satellite communication.
The horn antenna needs to realize circular polarization, and generally, an additional circular polarizer is added, so that the whole antenna is large in size, high in section, heavy in weight and not easy to process, and is not suitable for satellite communication.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
An object of the utility model is to provide a wide angle horn antenna of low section, this antenna have combined 90 ripple horn antenna and cross dipole antenna, utilize 90 ripple horn antenna's radiation pattern shaping characteristics and cross dipole antenna's circular polarization and miniaturized characteristics for the horn antenna who combines has the characteristics that match at K frequency channel miniaturization, low section, wide angle, workable and radiation pattern and earth, can be used to in the low orbit satellite communication.
The utility model discloses a following technical scheme realizes:
the utility model provides a wide angle horn antenna of low section, includes 90 ripple horn antenna and cross dipole antenna, 90 ripple horn antenna includes the waveguide pipe, cross dipole antenna set up in the interior bottom of waveguide pipe.
Preferably, a flange is arranged on a port plane of the waveguide tube, a corrugated groove with an opening angle of 90 degrees is formed in the flange, and an axis of the corrugated groove coincides with an axis of the waveguide tube.
Preferably, the corrugation grooves are provided in two.
Preferably, the two corrugated grooves are sequentially arranged from inside to outside, the bottoms of the two corrugated grooves are located on the same horizontal plane, and the tops of the two corrugated grooves are located on the same horizontal plane.
Preferably, two the ripple groove sets gradually from top to bottom, is located the top the bottom of ripple groove with be located the below the top of ripple groove is connected, and is located the top the ripple groove is close to the one side of the ripple groove that is located the below and does not have the lateral wall.
Preferably, the cross dipole antenna comprises a first dipole long arm, a second dipole long arm, a first dipole short arm, a second dipole short arm, an inner conductor, an outer conductor and a medium;
the outer conductor is hollow, the inner conductor is arranged in the outer conductor, and the medium is filled between the outer conductor and the inner conductor;
the first vibrator long arm, the second vibrator long arm, the first vibrator short arm and the second vibrator short arm are all arranged at the top of the outer conductor, the first vibrator long arm and the second vibrator long arm are symmetrically arranged, the first vibrator short arm and the second vibrator short arm are symmetrically arranged, and an included angle between every two adjacent vibrators is 90 degrees;
the vibrators are the first vibrator long arm, the second vibrator long arm, the first vibrator short arm and the second vibrator short arm;
the outer conductor is provided with a coaxial slotted balun along the axis direction, and the coaxial slotted balun is located at the top of the outer conductor.
Preferably, the length of the coaxial slotted balun is lambda/4 wavelength.
Preferably, the material of the medium is polyimide.
A 90 deg. corrugated horn antenna consists of a central circular waveguide with a ring waveguide of choke ring, typically 1/4 wavelengths in length. In order to ensure the effect, the structure of the double choke ring is selected. The central circular waveguide is excited by a main mode TE11 mode, and radiation at the opening end of the central waveguide is generated by current on the inner wall of the waveguide, current distribution on the opening end of the waveguide and current distribution on the outer wall of the waveguide. Because the outer wall current also generates a diffraction field, the phase difference exists between the diffraction field and the inner field current, the radiation pattern is rapidly distorted along with the increase of the outer wall current, and after the waveguide is added, the outer wall current of the waveguide can be controlled, the diffraction is reduced, the side lobe level is inhibited, the aperture gain is improved, and a rotationally symmetric radiation directional diagram is generated. The double-choking-ring multi-mode horn feed source is adopted, so that the side lobe is effectively inhibited, the rotational symmetry performance of a directional diagram is improved, the gain is greatly improved compared with a simple circular waveguide opening antenna, a circular waveguide opening is not required to be expanded into a conical horn antenna, the proper gain can be obtained, and the length of the antenna is reduced.
The cross dipole antenna has good circular polarization and wide beam characteristics, is reliable in performance and simple in structure, is a terminal antenna commonly used for satellite communication and navigation, can be used as an independent antenna, is more used as a feed source of an array antenna unit or a plane antenna in engineering application, is widely applied to the fields of radar, communication, electronic countermeasure and the like, mainly comprises structural members, is high in reliability and not easily influenced by temperature and atomic oxygen, is small in size in a Ka frequency band, simple in structure, easy to process and light in weight, and meets the requirement of a low-orbit satellite-ground communication link environment.
The corrugated horn antenna and the cross array antenna are combined together, so that the wide-angle horn antenna which is miniaturized, low in section, circularly polarized and matched with the earth is formed.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model, following advantage and beneficial effect have:
by utilizing the radiation pattern shaping characteristic of the 90-degree corrugated horn antenna and the circular polarization and miniaturization characteristics of the cross array antenna, the combined horn antenna has the characteristics of miniaturization, low section, wide angle, easiness in processing and radiation pattern and earth matching in the K frequency band, and can be used for low-orbit satellite communication.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the low-profile wide-angle horn antenna of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the 90 ° corrugated horn antenna of the present invention;
fig. 3 is another schematic structural diagram of the 90 ° corrugated horn antenna of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the cross dipole antenna of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic view showing the simulation of the radiation direction of the low-profile wide-angle horn antenna of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic view of the standing wave simulation curve of the low-profile wide-angle horn antenna of the present invention.
Reference numbers and corresponding part names in the drawings:
1. a 90 ° corrugated horn antenna; 2. a cross dipole antenna; 3. a waveguide; 4. a flange plate; 5. a corrugated groove; 6. a first vibrator long arm; 7. a second vibrator long arm; 8. a first vibrator short arm; 9. a second vibrator short arm; 10. an inner conductor; 11. an outer conductor; 12. and (3) coaxially slotting the balun.
Detailed Description
To make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the following examples and drawings, and the exemplary embodiments and descriptions thereof of the present invention are only used for explaining the present invention, and are not intended as limitations of the present invention.
Examples
A low-profile wide-angle horn antenna is shown in figure 1 and comprises a 90-degree corrugated horn antenna 1 and a cross oscillator antenna 2, wherein the 90-degree corrugated horn antenna 1 comprises a waveguide tube 3, and the cross oscillator antenna 2 is arranged at the inner bottom of the waveguide tube 3.
Specifically, a flange 4 is disposed on a port plane of the waveguide 3 in this embodiment, a corrugated groove 5 having an opening angle of 90 ° is formed in the flange 4, and an axis of the corrugated groove 5 coincides with an axis of the waveguide 3. The elevation surface of the wave beam can be formed into a butterfly-shaped shaping wave beam by adjusting the height of the waveguide tube 3 and the depth and radius of the corrugated groove 5, so as to compensate different electric wave space losses caused by the distance of transmission caused by the curvature of the earth, and the maximum elevation gain pointing angle can be increased by increasing the number of the corrugated grooves 5. In the present embodiment, in order to implement the beamforming of ± 55 °, the two corrugated flutes 5 are provided, and there are two ways, specifically as follows:
the first method is as follows: the two corrugated troughs 5 are sequentially arranged from inside to outside, the bottoms of the two corrugated troughs 5 are positioned on the same horizontal plane, and the tops of the two corrugated troughs 5 are positioned on the same horizontal plane, as shown in fig. 3.
The second method comprises the following steps: the two corrugated troughs 5 are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, the bottom of the corrugated trough 5 positioned above is connected with the top of the corrugated trough 5 positioned below, and one side, close to the corrugated trough 5 positioned below, of the corrugated trough 5 positioned above has no side wall, as shown in fig. 2.
As shown in fig. 4, the cross element antenna 2 in the present embodiment includes a first element long arm 6, a second element long arm 7, a first element short arm 8, a second element short arm 9, an inner conductor 10, an outer conductor 11, and a medium;
the bottom of the outer conductor 11 is arranged at the inner bottom of the waveguide tube 3, the outer conductor 11 is hollow, the inner conductor 10 is arranged in the outer conductor 11, and a medium is filled between the outer conductor 11 and the inner conductor 10 and is used for communicating the outer conductor 11 and the inner conductor 10; since the signal passes through the inner conductor 10 to the outer conductor 11, the impedance matching thereof can be adjusted by adjusting the inner diameter and length of the inner conductor 10. In addition, the medium in this embodiment is selected from polyimide, which has excellent mechanical properties, stable microwave properties, excellent temperature resistance and irradiation resistance, and meets the environmental requirements of the low-orbit satellite-ground communication link.
The first vibrator long arm 6, the second vibrator long arm 7, the first vibrator short arm 8 and the second vibrator short arm 9 are all arranged at the top of the outer conductor 11, the first vibrator long arm 6 and the second vibrator long arm 7 are symmetrically arranged, the first vibrator short arm 8 and the second vibrator short arm 9 are symmetrically arranged, and an included angle between adjacent vibrators is 90 degrees; the transducers referred to in this embodiment are the first transducer long arm 6, the second transducer long arm 7, the first transducer short arm 8, and the second transducer short arm 9.
In the present embodiment, the first oscillator long arm 6 and the second oscillator long arm 7 form a pair of oscillators, the first oscillator short arm 8 and the second oscillator short arm 9 form a pair of oscillators, both pairs of oscillators are disposed on the top of the outer conductor 11, and the two pairs of oscillators are orthogonal in azimuth, equal in amplitude, and 90 ° in phase difference, as shown in fig. 4. When the oscillators have different electrical lengths, the above currents show different phases, when the electrical length of the symmetrical oscillators is close to lambda/2, the input impedance is approximate to pure resistance, when excitation voltage is applied, the initial phase of the current at the feeding part can be considered as 0 degrees, if the electrical length of the oscillators is less than lambda/2, the input impedance shows capacitance, the initial phase of the current at the feeding part shows advance to 0 degrees, if the electrical length of the oscillators is more than lambda/2, the input impedance shows inductance, and the initial phase of the current at the feeding part shows hysteresis to 0 degrees, therefore, as shown in figure 4, when two pairs of oscillators which are orthogonally placed are fed simultaneously, the lengths of the two pairs of oscillators are appropriately adjusted, the phase difference of the currents on the two pairs of oscillators just meets 90 degrees, and the two pairs of oscillators can generate left-hand or right-hand circularly polarized radiation, and the polarization characteristic of the two pairs of oscillators is switched to the delay from the leading one of the two current components, that is, if the short arm is turned to the long arm, as shown in fig. 4, the cross array antenna in the present application radiates right-hand circularly polarized waves if the direction perpendicular to the paper surface is taken as the radiation forward direction of the antenna, and if the positions of the long arm and the short arm are switched, the antenna radiates left-hand polarized waves.
In addition, in the present embodiment, the outer conductor 11 is provided with two coaxial slotted baluns 12 having a length of λ/4 wavelength along the axial direction, and the coaxial slotted baluns 12 are located on the top of the outer conductor 11. In order to keep the oscillator structure symmetrical, two arms of the slotted line are connected with the outer conductor 11, the slotted section can be understood as a lambda/4 short-circuit line, the input impedance is infinite at the moment, no current flows through the outer conductor 11, the aim of balanced feed is achieved, and the impedance transformation is realized by adjusting the diameter and the length of an inner core of the slotted line, so that the antenna can work in a wider frequency band.
In order to more intuitively show the advantages of the low-profile wide-angle horn antenna provided by the present application, the applicant performed simulation tests on the low-profile wide-angle horn antenna, as shown in fig. 5 and 6, wherein fig. 5 shows a radiation pattern simulation curve of the horn antenna, it can be seen from the figure that the gain is greater than 2.6dB within a range of a pitch angle ± 55 ° at 19GHz, the wide-angle characteristic is shown, and the radiation pattern is shaped like a butterfly (the gain is low in the middle and high on both sides); fig. 6 shows the standing wave simulation curve of the horn antenna, and it can be seen from the graph that the standing wave of the antenna is less than 1.5 in 18-21GHz, which shows the characteristic of wide frequency band.
The above-mentioned embodiments, further detailed description of the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention, it should be understood that the above description is only the embodiments of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a wide angle horn antenna of low section, its characterized in that includes 90 ripple horn antenna (1) and cross oscillator antenna (2), 90 ripple horn antenna (1) includes wave guide (3), cross oscillator antenna (2) set up in the interior bottom of wave guide (3).
2. The low-profile wide-angle horn antenna according to claim 1, wherein a flange (4) is disposed on a port plane of the waveguide tube (3), a corrugated groove (5) having an opening angle of 90 ° is disposed on the flange (4), and an axis of the corrugated groove (5) coincides with an axis of the waveguide tube (3).
3. A low-profile wide-angle feedhorn according to claim 2, wherein said corrugated slots (5) are provided in two.
4. A low-profile wide-angle horn antenna according to claim 3, wherein two corrugated troughs (5) are arranged in sequence from inside to outside, the bottoms of the two corrugated troughs (5) are located at the same horizontal plane, and the tops of the two corrugated troughs (5) are located at the same horizontal plane.
5. A low-profile wide-angle horn antenna according to claim 3, wherein two of the corrugated troughs (5) are arranged in sequence from top to bottom, the bottom of the corrugated trough (5) located above is connected with the top of the corrugated trough (5) located below, and one side of the corrugated trough (5) located above, which is close to the corrugated trough (5) located below, has no side wall.
6. The low-profile wide-angle horn antenna according to claim 1, wherein the cross element antenna (2) comprises a first element long arm (6), a second element long arm (7), a first element short arm (8), a second element short arm (9), an inner conductor (10), an outer conductor (11) and a medium;
the outer conductor (11) is hollow, the inner conductor (10) is arranged in the outer conductor (11), and the medium is filled between the outer conductor (11) and the inner conductor (10);
the first vibrator long arm (6), the second vibrator long arm (7), the first vibrator short arm (8) and the second vibrator short arm (9) are all arranged at the top of the outer conductor (11), the first vibrator long arm (6) and the second vibrator long arm (7) are symmetrically arranged, the first vibrator short arm (8) and the second vibrator short arm (9) are symmetrically arranged, and an included angle between adjacent vibrators is 90 degrees;
the vibrators are the first vibrator long arm (6), the second vibrator long arm (7), the first vibrator short arm (8) and the second vibrator short arm (9);
the coaxial slotted balun (12) is arranged on the outer conductor (11) along the axis direction, and the coaxial slotted balun (12) is located at the top of the outer conductor (11).
7. A low-profile wide-angle horn antenna according to claim 6, wherein the length of the coaxial slotted balun (12) is λ/4 wavelength.
8. The low-profile wide-angle horn antenna of claim 6, wherein the dielectric material is polyimide.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202121609935.1U CN215008584U (en) | 2021-07-15 | 2021-07-15 | Low-profile wide-angle horn antenna |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202121609935.1U CN215008584U (en) | 2021-07-15 | 2021-07-15 | Low-profile wide-angle horn antenna |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN215008584U true CN215008584U (en) | 2021-12-03 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202121609935.1U Active CN215008584U (en) | 2021-07-15 | 2021-07-15 | Low-profile wide-angle horn antenna |
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| CN (1) | CN215008584U (en) |
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- 2021-07-15 CN CN202121609935.1U patent/CN215008584U/en active Active
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