CN215002377U - High-temperature gas heat pump unit adopting step heating - Google Patents
High-temperature gas heat pump unit adopting step heating Download PDFInfo
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- CN215002377U CN215002377U CN202120361712.1U CN202120361712U CN215002377U CN 215002377 U CN215002377 U CN 215002377U CN 202120361712 U CN202120361712 U CN 202120361712U CN 215002377 U CN215002377 U CN 215002377U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
- Y02B30/52—Heat recovery pumps, i.e. heat pump based systems or units able to transfer the thermal energy from one area of the premises or part of the facilities to a different one, improving the overall efficiency
Abstract
The utility model relates to a high-temperature gas heat pump unit adopting step heating, which comprises a heat pump subsystem, an internal combustion engine subsystem, a linkage unit and a water supply flow path; the main circulation of the heat pump is formed by sequentially connecting a refrigerant channel comprising an evaporator, a four-way reversing valve, a gas-liquid separator, a compressor, a refrigerant channel of a main condenser, a liquid storage tank, a refrigerant channel of a subcooler and a throttle valve in series through pipelines, and the throttle valve is connected with the refrigerant channel of the evaporator to form circulation; the internal combustion engine subsystem consists of an engine, a flue gas flow path and a cooling liquid circulating flow path; the linkage unit is connected with an input shaft of the compressor through an electromagnetic clutch and is connected with an output shaft of the engine through the belt pulley. The utility model discloses the high and water supply temperature of primary energy utilization rate is high, can retrieve the heat pump waste heat, and system's heat transfer homogeneity obtains obviously improving, and the irreversible loss of heat transfer reduces, and outdoor evaporimeter is difficult for frosting, and the reliability and the running life of engine are showing and are improving.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of the gas heat pump, concretely relates to adopt high temperature gas heat pump set of step heating.
Background
The application field of heat pump drying is wide, and the market demands of fruit and vegetable, sludge, grain dryers and the like are increased. Because the heat pump drying has the industry attributes of energy conservation, environmental protection and the like, the heat pump drying is in accordance with the national industry policy and development plan, will be more and more concerned by various industries in the future, and has huge market development potential.
The principle of the gas heat pump is basically the same as that of the electric air source heat pump, mainly the power source is changed, and a natural gas engine is adopted to directly drive a (belt pulley) compressor to perform heat pump heating circulation instead of motor driving. Compared with an electric heat pump, the waste heat generated by the gas combustion engine can be further used for a heat supply system, and the heat energy conversion efficiency is high.
For an industrial process with the heat supply demand exceeding 80 ℃, the limitation of temperature resistance of a compressor and the like of a common heat pump system on the market at present is difficult to meet; high-temperature heat pumps such as carbon dioxide are not yet on large-scale marketed due to the difficulties of high-pressure control, high cost and the like. In contrast, the engine waste heat of the gas heat pump belongs to the high-temperature waste heat range, and if the waste heat is used for heating the heat exchange fluid, high-temperature or ultrahigh-temperature heat supply can be further realized. Thus, in high temperature industrial processes, gas heat pumps have significant technical and cost advantages.
Meanwhile, the system charge in the heat pump system is also a key parameter for cycle optimization. In order to ensure the robustness of the variable-working-condition operation, a liquid storage tank is usually arranged in the system to realize the charge and discharge of the refrigerant. However, the receiver is typically located after the condenser, which would leave the condenser outlet saturated with liquid, resulting in a loss of subcooling. When the temperature difference of the heat exchange fluid is large, the supercooling degree loss causes remarkable heating quantity attenuation, and simultaneously, the temperature before the valve is overhigh, the throttling loss is overlarge, and the system energy efficiency is not ideal.
On the other hand, when the electrically-driven heat pump operates in winter, defrosting needs to be performed in time, extra electric power is consumed, and heat supply is unstable. Generally, the defrosting is needed once every 30-120 minutes, and the electricity consumption is increased by 10%.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In order to solve the technical problem, for satisfying high temperature heat supply demand, improve the system efficiency, the utility model provides an adopt high temperature type gas heat pump system of step heating.
The purpose of the utility model can be realized through the following technical scheme:
a high-temperature gas heat pump unit adopting step heating is characterized by comprising a heat pump subsystem, an internal combustion engine subsystem, a linkage unit and a water supply flow path;
the heat pump subsystem is formed by sequentially connecting a refrigerant channel comprising an evaporator, a four-way reversing valve, a gas-liquid separator, a compressor, a refrigerant channel of a main condenser, a liquid storage tank, a refrigerant channel of a subcooler and a throttle valve in series through pipelines, and the throttle valve is connected with the refrigerant channel of the evaporator to form a cycle;
the internal combustion engine subsystem consists of an engine, a flue gas flow path and a cooling liquid circulating flow path; the smoke flow path is formed by sequentially connecting an exhaust pipe of an engine, a smoke channel of a three-way catalyst, a smoke channel of a first smoke heat exchanger, a smoke channel of a second smoke heat exchanger and a smoke channel of the evaporator in series through pipelines; the cooling liquid circulation flow path is formed by sequentially connecting a high-temperature channel of a cooling liquid heat exchanger, a cylinder sleeve, a secondary refrigerant channel of the three-way catalyst, a secondary refrigerant channel of the first flue gas heat exchanger and a cooling liquid circulation pump in series through pipelines, and the cooling liquid circulation pump is connected with the high-temperature channel of the cooling liquid heat exchanger to form circulation;
the linkage unit consists of an electromagnetic clutch and a belt pulley; the electromagnetic clutch is connected with an input shaft of the compressor and is connected with an output shaft of the engine through the belt pulley; the engine drives the compressor through the belt pulley and the electromagnetic clutch;
the water supply flow path is formed by sequentially connecting a secondary refrigerant channel comprising a heat storage water tank, a water pump, the subcooler, the primary condenser, the secondary refrigerant channel of the second flue gas heat exchanger and the secondary refrigerant channel of the cooling liquid heat exchanger in series through pipelines, and then returning to the heat storage water tank.
The utility model discloses a characteristics include:
(1) a gas engine is adopted to drive a heat pump system to absorb heat from the environment, and high-temperature hot water suitable for industrial drying is generated by adopting step heating; (2) the condenser is divided into a main condenser and a subcooler, and a liquid storage tank is arranged behind the main condenser; (3) the waste heat of the flue gas is fully utilized, and the low-temperature flue gas (50-70 ℃) subjected to two-stage heat recovery is introduced into the evaporation coil to prevent frosting.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are that:
the utility model (1) adopts the internal-combustion engine to drive the heat pump to absorb the environmental heat, and the temperature rise process of the hot water is matched with the temperature level of the heat source through four-stage heating, thereby improving the uniformity of the temperature difference field and promoting the heat exchange effect, thereby improving the energy efficiency of the system, having high utilization rate of primary energy and being capable of supplying high-temperature hot water; (2) when the electrically-driven heat pump supplies heat in winter, the heat pump needs to be preheated for a long time due to low outdoor temperature, and the heat supply speed is low; the gas heat pump of the utility model is directly driven by the engine, the waste heat of the high-temperature flue gas is used for heat supply, the heat supply speed is high, and the heat supply capacity is large; (3) by splitting the condenser and adding the high-temperature liquid storage tank, the supercooling degree of the system can be increased while the balance of the charging amount under the variable working condition is ensured, so that the heat supply amount and the heat pump energy efficiency are improved; (4) the air temperature outside the room is kept higher by using low-temperature smoke and waste heat of the engine, the frost blockage of the coil pipe is remarkably delayed, the normal operation at the extremely low environmental temperature (-20 ℃) is ensured, and an outdoor evaporator is not easy to frost; meanwhile, the reliability and the service life of the engine are obviously improved due to the reduction of the number of the start and stop times of the unit; (5) the unit only absorbs the waste heat of the engine in the defrosting process, the water temperature of the heat storage water tank is not influenced, and the continuous stability of heat supply can be better ensured.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the high temperature heat supply mode of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the defrosting mode process of the present invention;
in the figure, 1-evaporator, 2-four-way reversing valve (4 channels are respectively 2A, 2B, 2C and 2D), 3-gas-liquid separator, 4-compressor (4A-air suction port, 4B-air exhaust port), 5-main condenser, 6-liquid storage tank, 7-subcooler, 8-throttle valve, 9-engine, 10-cylinder jacket, 11-three-way catalyst, 12-first flue gas heat exchanger, 13-second flue gas heat exchanger, 14-cooling liquid heat exchanger, 15-cooling liquid circulating pump, 16-water pump, 17-heat storage water tank, 18-electromagnetic clutch and 19-belt pulley.
Detailed Description
It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present embodiment is only for illustrating the present invention and is not used as a limitation of the present invention, and that changes and modifications to the embodiment may be made within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1. A high-temperature gas heat pump unit adopting step heating comprises a heat pump subsystem, an internal combustion engine subsystem, a linkage unit and a water supply flow path;
the heat pump subsystem is formed by sequentially connecting a refrigerant channel comprising an evaporator 1, a four-way reversing valve 2, a gas-liquid separator 3, a compressor 4, a refrigerant channel of a main condenser 5, a liquid storage tank 6, a refrigerant channel of a subcooler 7 and a throttle valve 8 in series through pipelines, and the throttle valve 8 is connected with the refrigerant channel of the evaporator 1 to form a cycle;
the internal combustion engine subsystem consists of an engine 9, a flue gas flow path and a cooling liquid circulating flow path; the flue gas flow path is formed by sequentially connecting an exhaust pipe of an engine 9, a flue gas channel of a three-way catalyst 11, a flue gas channel of a first flue gas heat exchanger 12, a flue gas channel of a second flue gas heat exchanger 13 and a flue gas channel of the evaporator 1 in series through pipelines; the cooling liquid circulation flow path is formed by sequentially connecting a high-temperature channel of a cooling liquid heat exchanger 14, a cylinder sleeve 10, a secondary refrigerant channel of the three-way catalyst 11, a secondary refrigerant channel of the first flue gas heat exchanger 12 and a cooling liquid circulation pump 15 in series through pipelines, and the cooling liquid circulation pump 15 is connected with the high-temperature channel of the cooling liquid heat exchanger 14 to form circulation; the cylinder sleeve 10 is a cylindrical part which is arranged in a cylinder body hole of the engine 9, belongs to a component part of the engine 9, is fixedly pressed by a cylinder cover, and a piston reciprocates in an inner hole of the piston and is cooled by cooling water outside the piston;
the linkage unit consists of an electromagnetic clutch 18 and a belt pulley 19; the electromagnetic clutch 18 is connected with an input shaft of the compressor 4 and is connected with an output shaft of the engine 9 through the belt pulley 19; the engine 9 drives the compressor 4 through the pulley 19 and the electromagnetic clutch 18;
the water supply flow path is formed by sequentially connecting a secondary refrigerant channel comprising a heat storage water tank 17, a water pump 16, the subcooler 7, the main condenser 5, the secondary refrigerant channel of the second flue gas heat exchanger 13 and the secondary refrigerant channel of the cooling liquid heat exchanger 14 in series through pipelines, and then returns to the heat storage water tank 17.
Further, the refrigerant of the heat pump subsystem is a conventional artificially synthesized refrigerant, such as R410A, R134a, R1234yf, and the like.
Further, the evaporator 1 is a refrigerant-air/flue gas heat exchanger, provided with a refrigerant channel and an air/flue gas channel, and is of a common type of finned tube heat exchanger.
Further, the condenser 5 and the subcooler 7 are refrigerant-secondary refrigerant heat exchangers having a refrigerant channel and a secondary refrigerant channel, and the common types are plate heat exchangers, double-pipe heat exchangers, and the like.
Further, an inlet of the liquid storage tank 6 is connected with an outlet of a refrigerant channel of the main condenser 5, and an outlet of the liquid storage tank 6 is connected with an inlet of a refrigerant channel of the subcooler; the liquid storage tank 6 is used for storing redundant refrigerant in the system.
Further, the throttle valve 8 is a common throttle device such as an electronic expansion valve, and is used for adjusting the refrigerant flow by controlling the superheat degree of the outlet.
Further, the three-way catalyst 11 has a flue gas channel and a coolant channel, the flue gas channel is connected to an exhaust pipe of the engine 9, harmful gases are converted into harmless carbon dioxide, water and nitrogen by oxidation and reduction, the coolant channel is used for flowing heat exchange of coolant, and the coolant channel is used for flowing heat exchange of coolant.
Further, the first flue gas heat exchanger 12 and the second flue gas heat exchanger 13 are secondary refrigerant-flue gas heat exchangers, and are provided with secondary refrigerant channels and flue gas channels; a common type is a shell and tube heat exchanger due to the small flue gas flow.
Further, the coolant heat exchanger 14 is a refrigerant-coolant heat exchanger, and has two coolant channels, and the common types are a plate heat exchanger, a double-pipe heat exchanger, and the like.
The high-temperature gas heat pump system of the utility model has two modes of high-temperature heat supply and defrosting; the detailed workflow is as follows:
firstly, in a high-temperature heat supply mode, as shown in fig. 1, a channel 2A of a four-way reversing valve 2 is communicated with a channel 2D, and a channel 2B is communicated with a channel 2C;
the working process of the linkage unit is as follows: the gas is combusted in the engine 9 and outputs mechanical power, and the compressor 4 is driven by the belt pulley 19 and the electromagnetic clutch 18 to drive the heat pump subsystem to work.
The working process of the heat pump subsystem is as follows: the low-temperature low-pressure liquid refrigerant absorbs heat in the evaporator 1 and is vaporized to absorb low-grade heat energy of ambient air, then enters the gas-liquid separator 3 through the four-way reversing valve 2 to separate unvaporized liquid, so that gas absorption and liquid entrainment of the compressor are prevented, the refrigerant gas enters the compressor 4 and is compressed into high-temperature high-pressure gas, and the high-temperature high-pressure gas heats return water in the main condenser 5 and then enters the liquid storage tank 6; the saturated liquid from the liquid storage tank 6 further reduces the temperature of the return water in the subcooler 7, and finally is changed into low-temperature and low-pressure liquid refrigerant again through the throttle valve 8, and enters the evaporator 1 again for the next circulation.
The working process of the flue gas flow path is as follows: high-temperature flue gas discharged from an exhaust pipe of the engine 9 firstly enters a flue gas channel of the three-way catalyst 11, is converted into harmless carbon dioxide, water and nitrogen through catalysis, and exchanges heat with cooling liquid; then enters the flue gas channel of the first flue gas heat exchanger 12 to exchange heat with the cooling liquid, enters the flue gas channel of the second flue gas heat exchanger 13 to exchange heat with the return water, and finally enters the flue gas channel of the evaporator 1 to improve the evaporation temperature of the evaporator 1, prevent the coil from frosting, and finally is discharged from the evaporator 1.
The working process of the water supply flow path is as follows: the return water is firstly introduced into a heat storage water tank 17, then is firstly subjected to primary heating in a subcooler 7 through a water pump 16, and then enters a main condenser 5 to be subjected to secondary heating; then the flue gas is sent into a second flue gas heat exchanger 13 to be heated by three stages, then the flue gas enters a cooling liquid heat exchanger 14 to be heated by medium temperature flue gas by four stages to the heat supply temperature, and finally the flue gas enters a heat storage water tank 17 to be supplied out.
The working process of the cooling liquid circulation loop is as follows: the low-temperature cooling liquid enters the cylinder sleeve 10 to exchange heat and cool the engine 9, then passes through the secondary refrigerant channel of the three-way catalyst 11 and the secondary refrigerant channel of the first flue gas heat exchanger 12 in sequence to absorb the waste heat of the high-temperature flue gas, the temperature of the cooling liquid is raised at the moment, and then the cooling liquid is sent into the high-temperature channel of the cooling liquid heat exchanger 14 through the cooling liquid circulating pump 15 to exchange heat and cool with the return water from the main condenser 5; finally re-enters the cylinder liner 10 for the next cycle.
Second, defrost mode
The utility model discloses in, the low temperature flue gas that utilizes the engine and the casing waste heat can show that the coil pipe frost that delays evaporimeter 1 is stifled, nevertheless when extreme operating mode long-time operation, the unit still has the defrosting demand. As shown in fig. 2, in the defrosting mode, the four-way reversing valve 2A of the heat pump subsystem is communicated with 2B, and 2C is communicated with 2D;
the working process of the heat pump subsystem is as follows: high-temperature and high-pressure gas discharged from the compressor 4 enters the evaporator 1 through the four-way reversing valve 2 to be condensed and released, and the coil pipe is defrosted; the high-pressure gas is changed into low-temperature low-pressure liquid through the throttle valve 8, and then enters the subcooler 7 to be evaporated and absorb heat, so that the heat of backwater is absorbed; the refrigerant from the subcooler 7 passes through the liquid storage tank 6 and the main condenser 5 in sequence, finally enters the compressor 4 again through the four-way reversing valve 2, and is recompressed into high-temperature and high-pressure gas for next cycle.
In the defrosting mode, the working process of the internal combustion engine subsystem is the same as that in the high-temperature heating mode.
The working process of the water supply flow path is as follows: the return water is sent into the subcooler 7 and the main condenser 5 through the water pump 16 to provide defrosting heat for the heat pump system, then is sent into the second flue gas heat exchanger 13 and the cooling liquid heat exchanger 14 in sequence to be heated again, and finally is sent back to the heat storage water tank 17; therefore, in the defrosting mode, the heat pump subsystem finally absorbs the waste heat of the internal combustion engine to defrost, the hot water has the function of heat transportation, and the water temperature in the heat storage water tank is not affected.
Claims (8)
1. A high-temperature gas heat pump unit adopting step heating is characterized by comprising a heat pump subsystem, an internal combustion engine subsystem, a linkage unit and a water supply flow path;
the heat pump subsystem is formed by sequentially connecting a refrigerant channel comprising an evaporator (1), a four-way reversing valve (2), a gas-liquid separator (3), a compressor (4), a refrigerant channel of a main condenser (5), a liquid storage tank (6), a refrigerant channel of a subcooler (7) and a throttle valve (8) in series through pipelines, and the throttle valve (8) is connected with the refrigerant channel of the evaporator (1) to form a cycle;
the internal combustion engine subsystem consists of an engine (9), a flue gas flow path and a cooling liquid circulating flow path; the smoke flow path is formed by sequentially connecting an exhaust pipe of an engine (9), a smoke channel of a three-way catalyst (11), a smoke channel of a first smoke heat exchanger (12), a smoke channel of a second smoke heat exchanger (13) and a smoke channel of the evaporator (1) in series through pipelines; the cooling liquid circulation flow path is formed by sequentially connecting a high-temperature channel of a cooling liquid heat exchanger (14), a cylinder sleeve (10), a secondary refrigerant channel of the three-way catalyst (11), a secondary refrigerant channel of the first flue gas heat exchanger (12) and a cooling liquid circulation pump (15) in series through pipelines, and the cooling liquid circulation pump (15) is connected with the high-temperature channel of the cooling liquid heat exchanger (14) to form circulation;
the linkage unit consists of an electromagnetic clutch (18) and a belt pulley (19); the electromagnetic clutch (18) is connected with an input shaft of the compressor (4) and is connected with an output shaft of the engine (9) through the belt pulley (19);
the water supply flow path is formed by sequentially connecting a secondary refrigerant channel containing a heat storage water tank (17), a water pump (16), the subcooler (7), the main condenser (5), a secondary refrigerant channel of the second flue gas heat exchanger (13) and a secondary refrigerant channel of the cooling liquid heat exchanger (14) in series through pipelines, and then returning to the heat storage water tank (17).
2. The high-temperature gas heat pump unit according to claim 1, wherein the evaporator (1) is a refrigerant-air flue gas heat exchanger, and is provided with a refrigerant channel and an air/flue gas channel.
3. The high-temperature gas heat pump unit according to claim 1, characterized in that the condenser (5) and the subcooler (7) are refrigerant-coolant heat exchangers having a refrigerant channel and a coolant channel.
4. The high-temperature gas heat pump unit according to claim 1, characterized in that the inlet of the liquid storage tank (6) is connected with the outlet of the refrigerant passage of the main condenser 5, and the outlet of the liquid storage tank (6) is connected with the inlet of the refrigerant passage of the subcooler.
5. The high-temperature gas heat pump unit of claim 1, wherein the throttle valve (8) is an electronic expansion valve.
6. The high-temperature gas heat pump unit according to claim 1, characterized in that the three-way catalyst (11) has a flue gas channel and a secondary refrigerant channel, and the flue gas channel is connected with an exhaust pipe of the engine (9).
7. The high-temperature gas heat pump unit according to claim 1, wherein the first flue gas heat exchanger (12) and the second flue gas heat exchanger (13) are secondary refrigerant-flue gas heat exchangers, and are provided with secondary refrigerant channels and flue gas channels.
8. The high-temperature gas heat pump unit according to claim 1, characterized in that the coolant heat exchanger (14) is a refrigerant-coolant heat exchanger with double coolant channels.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202120361712.1U CN215002377U (en) | 2021-02-09 | 2021-02-09 | High-temperature gas heat pump unit adopting step heating |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202120361712.1U CN215002377U (en) | 2021-02-09 | 2021-02-09 | High-temperature gas heat pump unit adopting step heating |
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| CN215002377U true CN215002377U (en) | 2021-12-03 |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116642277A (en) * | 2023-07-27 | 2023-08-25 | 南京师范大学 | Energy storage defrosting device for heat recovery of gas boiler |
| CN114440445B (en) * | 2022-02-18 | 2024-04-26 | 上海本家空调系统有限公司 | Engine-driven high-temperature-difference high-temperature heat pump water heater unit |
-
2021
- 2021-02-09 CN CN202120361712.1U patent/CN215002377U/en active Active
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114440445B (en) * | 2022-02-18 | 2024-04-26 | 上海本家空调系统有限公司 | Engine-driven high-temperature-difference high-temperature heat pump water heater unit |
| CN116642277A (en) * | 2023-07-27 | 2023-08-25 | 南京师范大学 | Energy storage defrosting device for heat recovery of gas boiler |
| CN116642277B (en) * | 2023-07-27 | 2023-09-15 | 南京师范大学 | Energy storage defrosting device for heat recovery of gas boiler |
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