CN2149603Y - Sensing Device for measuring inclination - Google Patents
Sensing Device for measuring inclination Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN2149603Y CN2149603Y CN 93202323 CN93202323U CN2149603Y CN 2149603 Y CN2149603 Y CN 2149603Y CN 93202323 CN93202323 CN 93202323 CN 93202323 U CN93202323 U CN 93202323U CN 2149603 Y CN2149603 Y CN 2149603Y
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- fixed
- sensor
- bearing
- inclination
- magneto
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- Measurement Of Length, Angles, Or The Like Using Electric Or Magnetic Means (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model discloses a sensing device for inclination measurement, comprising a fixed body, a bearing, a rotating shaft, a permanent magnet, a gravity needle, and a magneto sensitive element, wherein, the fixed body can be fixed on a body to be measured; the bearing is fixed on the fixed body; the rotating shaft which is arranged in the bearing through shaft connection can rotate freely; the permanent magnet which is fixed to one end of the rotating shaft generates a magnetic field; the gravity needle which is fixed on the rotating shaft can cause the rotating shaft to rotate under the action of the gravitational torque of the gravity needle so that the pointing direction of the gravity needle is coincident with a gravity line; the magneto sensitive element which is fixed on the fixed body is changed along with the direction of the magnetic field so that the magneto resistor of the magneto sensitive element is changed. As a result, the utility model has the advantages of wide operating temperature range and vibration resistance, being suitable for application to engineering.
Description
The utility model relates to a kind of inclination sensor, particularly a kind ofly the angle of inclination of departing from gravity vertical can be converted to electric signal output be used for multi-purpose inclination sensors such as real-time monitoring, record, warning on engineering.
In for example driving piles, press construction such as road, the measurement of stake machine degree of tilt and the measurement of road gradient normally adopt simple gravity pin or potentiometer to carry out at present.The function ratio that this class mode can provide is more single, can't accomplish real-time monitoring, record continuously, can't make an appraisal to the construction quality of whole construction course with regard to its measurement result, thereby be difficult to guarantee well construction quality.In addition, this method is measured directly perceived inadequately, and precision is relatively poor, and it is also convenient inadequately to use, and is unfavorable for carrying out at the construction field (site) Operating Guideline.
In addition, in for example tunnel piercing engineering, then adopt the electrode electrolyte sensor shown in Fig. 5 (A).This sensor comprises a relatively more accurate glass vacuole, liquid electrolyte is arranged in the vacuole, and be provided with three electrodes, and these electrodes are inserted in the electrolyte solution and from the vacuole of sealing and draw its terminals.This sensor is along with the inclination of road-heading machinery, and its vacuole tilts, but the liquid electrolyte liquid level still keeps level, and interelectrode like this electric capacity (or bulk resistor) changes.Shown in Fig. 5 (B), decide capacitance group and become alternating current bridge with two by this sensor, when sensor perturbations, the voltage magnitude of its electric bridge output also changes, and so just the angle of inclination can be changed into electric signal output, is used for purposes such as numeral demonstration after signal Processing and digital processing.Kind electrode electrolyte sensor exists liquid electrolyte to be subjected to the bigger problem of Temperature Influence, particularly can be because of freezing or dewfall can't detect degree of tilt exactly when 0 ℃ of following temperature.Also have problems such as its glass vacuole is not anti-to shake, fragile in addition.In addition, occurring the vesicle influence during vibration in the electrolytic solution at random measures.
The utility model addresses the above problem just, and its purpose is to provide a kind of inclination sensor that can work in wide temperature range and have resistance to shock.
Another purpose of the present utility model provides and a kind ofly can convert degree of tilt the inclination sensor of electric signal to do to measure in real time to.
For achieving the above object, inclination sensor of the present utility model comprises: fixed body; Be fixed on the bearing on the described fixed body; The turning axle that is coupling and in described bearing, can rotates freely; Be fixed on described turning axle one end, produce the permanent magnet in magnetic field; Be fixed on the described turning axle, can described turning axle rotated so that it points to the gravity pin that overlaps with gravity vertical by its gravitational torque effect; Be fixed on the described fixed body, make the magneto sensor of its mistor variation with the variation of described magnetic direction.
Aforesaid inclination sensor of the present utility model can comprise that also the mistor that inserts described magneto sensor is to produce the signal output apparatus of electric signal output.And it is that 180 ° sine wave changes that the output of described electric signal is the cycle with the variation of described magnetic direction.
Inclination sensor of the present utility model, when body to be measured tilts, the fixed body that is fixed in the sensor of this body to be measured also tilts thereupon together, turning axle relies on the effect relative fixed body of bearing to rotate so that its sensing still overlaps with gravity vertical under the gravitational torque effect of gravity pin, the permanent magnet that is fixed on turning axle one end like this with and the magnetic field that produces still keep original direction, and the magneto sensor that is fixed on the fixed body will tilt with fixed body, and change with certain rules, thereby play the sensor effect because of its change with respect to magnetic direction makes its mistor.Since magneto sensor and permanent magnet that inclination sensor of the present utility model adopted, wide and anti-the shaking of its operating temperature range, and both can be contactless, so more meet the requirement on the engineering.
Inclination sensor of the present utility model, owing to comprise that also the mistor that inserts described magneto sensor is to produce the signal output apparatus of electric signal output, inclination sensor can respond the degree of tilt change and the electric signal of output variation like this, and this electric signal output can be directly by further real-time the processing to be used as multiple use.
Inclination sensor of the present utility model, because it is that 180 ° sine wave changes that electric signal output is the cycle with the variation of described magnetic direction, thereby the derivative that electric signal is output as zero place is for maximum, i.e. measured degree of tilt angle value is also just accurately near zero the time in electric signal output herein.Thereby electric signal can be output as the zero-bit that zero place is defined as the relative tilt angle.
Inclination sensor of the present utility model, be fixed on the body to be measured of a certain obliquity, at this moment the sagging naturally vertical zero line position that is in of described gravity pin, be that described magnetic direction and described magneto sensor just in time make described electric signal be output as zero position, then the relative tilt angle of the current obliquity of body to be measured relatively can be as described above tailor-made zero.Like this, if the current obliquity of body to be measured is the gravity vertical position, this sensor promptly can be used for highly sensitive absolute gradient measurement.
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples the utility model is elaborated, by the explanation will to its characteristics, effect solve more clear.
Fig. 1 is the phantom view of the utility model first embodiment inclination sensor assembly.
Fig. 2 is the key diagram that the magneto sensor of explanation first embodiment changes with its mistor of permanent magnet change in location.
Fig. 3 is the phantom view of the utility model second embodiment.
Fig. 4 (A) and 4(B) be respectively the magneto sensor of second embodiment and the key diagram of its signal output apparatus.
Fig. 5 (A) and 5(B) be respectively the sensing element of prior art and the key diagram of its signal output apparatus.
Fig. 1 is the phantom view of the utility model first embodiment inclination sensor assembly.Below, the structure of this sensor module 1 is described with reference to Fig. 1.A 21a at the bottom of cylinder 21 has tin, there is a circular hole 21b in the central authorities of tube end 21a, and turning axle 25 is by this circular hole 21b.The cylindrical shell of cylinder 21 is formed by an internal diameter bigger first barrel 21c and the second less barrel 21d of internal diameter, wherein among the second barrel 21d fixedly setting-in a bearing 22.This second barrel 21d is also as shown in the figure by for example bolt, on itself and the formed step in the first barrel 21c junction, fixedly install an annular pressing plate 23, this pressing plate 23 is able to bearing 22 is remained between it and the tube end 21a to stop it to move vertically.Bearing 22 and circular hole 21b and pressing plate 23 arranged coaxial, the diameter of the axis hole 22a of bearing 22 is more smaller than the aperture of circular hole 21b, and the bearing surface of axis hole 22 and turning axle are coupling.Like this, turning axle 25 is coupling in this axis hole 22a, just can rely on bearing to rotate freely relative to cylinder 21 grades when being subjected to torque.The exemplary bearing that illustrates 22 is for example biserial D level friction coefficient bearing or the military bearings of C level friction coefficient that can rotate under minimum torque among Fig. 1, certainly bearing and the enough little single-row bearing of friction factor than this higher grade also all is fine, and preferably adopts this used on gyro gimbal class bearing.On turning axle 25 inserts a end in the cylinders 21, be fixed with and be used for location-plate 26 that permanent magnet 31 location and firm fixation are lived, certainly also direct fixed permanent magnet 31.Permanent magnet 31 can adopt magnet steel, for example is stronger aluminium cobalt nickel magnet steel and SmCo magnet steel of magnetic.See also Fig. 3, the end of turning axle 25 outside cylinder is fixed with the gravity pin 51 of a routine.This gravity pin 51 comprises it for example being the spherical weight 52 and the thin straight Metallic rod 53 of rigidity.One end of Metallic rod 53 is behind the through hole at the directly central axis place by turning axle 25 and fixing with turning axle 25, the other end of Metallic rod 53 is then fixing at the center of gravity place and the weight 52 of weight 52, and Metallic rod 53 is in same plane all the time when turning axle 25 rotations.The distance of the quality of weight 52 and its distance of centre of gravity turning axle 25 central axis should be enough big, and this can guarantee that sensor module 1 has sufficiently high sensitivity.Referring to Fig. 1, fixedly install the base plate 28 of a closed cylinder 21 opening portions on the first barrel 21c end as shown in the figure again.A side is being fixed the lead plate 29 that is welded with magneto sensor 41 pins (comprising center tap) in 28 of this base plates, and the lead of drawing leads to the outside of cylinder 21.
Below, describe permanent magnet 31 and magneto sensor 41 among Fig. 1 in detail with reference to Fig. 2.Among the figure, magneto sensor 41 and permanent magnet 31 adjacent settings, and be positioned on the plane that parallels with the surfaces of revolution of permanent magnet 31, be in the magnetic field of this permanent magnet 31.Magneto sensor 41 be as shown in the figure on a plane by the resistance wire (NiCo tinsel) of the circuitous coiling of certain orientation, this resistance wire itself has resistance R
0, coat magnetic after, the mistor R ' that is produced in magnetic field represents with following formula:
R '=R
VSin
2θ+R
PCos
2θ=R
V+ (R
P-R
V) cos
2θ (R
P＞R
V) (formula I)
Wherein θ is the angle between the circuitous direction of magnetic direction and resistance wire.As seen, when magnetic direction and circuitous direction are parallel to each other, θ=± k π, R '=R
PBe maximum, R
PBe parallel mistor; When vertical mutually, θ=(π)/and 2 ± k π, R '=R
VBe minimum, R
VBe vertical mistor.It is that 180 ° sinusoidal rule changes that the mistor of magneto sensor 41 changes with the cycle with the magnetic direction of permanent magnet 31.The sensor module of the foregoing description 1 relatively rotates the mistor that is produced by permanent magnet 31 and magneto sensor 41 just clocklike to be changed and comes the perceived inclination angle.
The structure of the utility model second embodiment inclination sensor is described below with reference to Fig. 3.This sensor has a fixed head 2 that can be fixed on the body to be measured.For example four fixing screw 2a, 2b, 2c and 2d of using are arranged on this fixed head 2.Be fixed with swivel mount 3 on the fixed head 2, this swivel mount 3 is provided with arc-shaped slot 3a, 3b and 3c, fix by the screw (not shown) on groove 3a, 3b and the 3c precession fixed head 2 respectively by screw 3d, 3e, 3f, adjust for the purpose of ubi infra rotates swivel mount 3 slightly before fixing.Be fixed with the illustrated sensor module 1 of similar front embodiment on the swivel mount 3, the base plate 28 of swivel mount 3 and assembly 1 is fixing by screw 20a, 20b and 20c.In addition, sensor also comprises a circuit that is used for signal output that describes in detail below, the built on stilts as shown in the figure circuit board 4 that this circuit is being set on the fixed head 2.Welding three go between 5a, 5b and 5c from the protecting pipe 5 that assembly 1 comes out on the circuit board 4, also welding four lead-in wires 6a, 6b, 6c and 6d in addition, these four lead-in wires are connected to the sensor outside by protecting pipe 6 by hole 2e on the fixed head 2.In addition, also be provided with the circular case 7 that is covering above-mentioned parts on the fixed head 2 as shown in the figure.All configurations on the fixed head 2 all do not influence freely rotating of gravity pin 51 on the sensor module 1.When sensor application when the occasion in magnetic field is arranged, fixed head 2 and case 7 etc. all can by the permeability magnetic material of for example ferromagnet and so on make with the shielding external magnetic field.
Sensor module 1 and the signal output apparatus thereof of second embodiment are described below with reference to Fig. 4 (A) and Fig. 4 (B).The sensor module 1 of present embodiment and first embodiment are textural basic identical, 41 employings of magneto sensor shown in Fig. 4 (A) by the resistance wire that scribbles magnetic by the circuitous mistor that forms of orthogonal both direction, it has three pins, comprise two ends 41a and 41c and its center tap 41b of resistance wire, they are drawn by aforesaid lead-in wire 5a, 5b and 5c respectively.Wherein resistance wire 41a to 41b vertical direction is circuitous is provided with, be provided with and resistance wire 41b to 41c horizontal direction is circuitous, and two sections resistance wire same length, thereby resistance is R when not having magnetic field
0To shown in Fig. 4 (A), be in two resistance R of the magneto sensor 41 in the magnetic field
AAnd R
BInsert in the dc bridge circuit shown in Fig. 4 (B), then electric bridge output u is shown below:
u＝V
CC（ (R
B)/(R
A+R
B) － (R
0)/(R
0+R
0) ）
＝V
CC（ (R
0+R
B ')/(R
0+R
A '+R
0+R
B ') － 1/2 ）
Resistance R
A, R
BMistor R
A', R
B' much smaller than R
0, i.e. R
A', R
BThe R of '＜＜
0So can push away
U=(V
CC)/2 (R
B '-R
A ')/(2R
0) (formula II)
If magnetic direction and resistance R
ABetween angle be θ, then with R
BBetween angle be θ+(π)/2, then by the formula I,
R
A′＝R
V＋（R
P－R
V）cos
2θ
R
B′＝R
V＋（R
P－R
V）cos
2（θ＋ (π)/2 ）
＝R
V＋（R
P－R
V）sin
2θ
In this two formulas substitution formula II then for (to make △ R=R
P-R
V),
u＝－ (VCC)/2 (△R)/(2R0) cos2θ
＝ (V
CC)/2 (△R)/(2R
0) sin（2θ－ (π)/2 ）
＝ (V
CC)/2 (△R)/(2R
0) sin2ψ （ψ＝θ－ (π)/4 ）
As seen voltage output is that to be the cycle be that 180 ° sine wave changes for variation with described magnetic direction, and voltage output u=0 during in θ=45 °, this moment, voltage was the sensitiveest with the variation of angle θ, regulated the θ values and made θ=(π)/4 by rotating aforementioned swivel mount 3; ψ=0, voltage output u=0 as measuring zero point, just can measure small relative tilt angle ψ with this position.
DC voltage V among Fig. 4 (B)
CC6a, 6b provide by lead-in wire, and then through lead-in wire 6c, 6d exports with being for further processing voltage signal, for example through interface input microcomputer, to carry out computing, demonstration, printing or monitor alarm.
In Fig. 4 (A), the rotary middle spindle of magnet steel 31 is aimed at the central axis of magneto sensor 41, symmetry is undistorted up and down can to guarantee voltage output u like this, also just need not microcomputer and utilizes software to calibrate.Preferably make the air gap between magnet steel 31 and magneto sensor be controlled at 2-3mm in addition so that magneto sensor 41 is in the stronger uniform magnetic field.For the magnet steel magneto sensor is fixed on the rotating shaft base plate more securely, available epoxy 24(is referring to Fig. 1 in addition) or rubber water the envelope fix.
Above these embodiment explain with the sensor of surveying the one dimension degree of tilt, but it is constant angle when for example the right angle is fixed on the body to be measured that two one dimension sensors described in the utility model make angle between its fixed head, the angle of inclination that just can measure its relative either direction.When sensor is fixed on the body to be measured in addition, can utilize screw retention, also can adopt the mode of servo-actuated, be suspended on the body to be measured, at this moment also can comprise one on the fixed head of sensor with the weight on the perpendicular direction of pivot direction by the class A of geometric unitA of pivot.
Inclination sensor of the present utility model obviously can be partly implemented by the embodiment of above stated specification, but should understand for the distortion that does not exceed the utility model essence desired protection domain of following claim due to all.
Claims (10)
1, a kind of inclination sensor is characterized in that comprising:
Fixed body;
Be fixed on the bearing on the described fixed body;
The turning axle that is coupling and in described bearing, can rotates freely;
Be fixed on described turning axle one end, produce the permanent magnet in magnetic field;
Be fixed on the described turning axle, can described turning axle rotated so that it points to the gravity pin that overlaps on gravity vertical by its gravitational torque effect;
Be fixed on described fixed body, make the magneto sensor of its mistor variation with the variation of described magnetic direction.
2, inclination sensor as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that also comprising that the mistor that inserts described magneto sensor is to produce the signal output apparatus of electric signal output.
3, inclination sensor as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that described magneto sensor is connected in series by two orthogonal mistors of circuitous direction to form; Described signal output apparatus is described magneto sensor and the dc bridge circuit of two resistance in series formations in parallel; The output of described electric signal is the voltage signal between the centre tap of tap in the middle of two mistors of described magneto sensor and two resistance in seriess.
4,, it is characterized in that it is that 180 ° sine wave changes that the output of described electric signal is the cycle with the variation of described magnetic direction as claim 2 or 3 described inclination sensors.
5, inclination sensor as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that described fixed body comprises: can be used for being fixed on first housing on the body to be measured; Second housing of closed and fixed described magneto sensor, bearing etc.; Be fixed in described first housing, be used to rotate the swivel mount of adjusting described second shell position and fixing this second housing.
6, inclination sensor as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that described permanent magnet is aluminium cobalt nickel magnet steel or SmCo magnet steel.
7, inclination sensor as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that the adjacent setting with described magneto sensor of described magnet steel, and the Plane of rotation of described magnet steel is parallel to plane, described magneto sensor mistor silk place, and has the air gap of 2-3mm.
8, inclination sensor as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that described bearing is a biserial friction coefficient bearing.
9, inclination sensor as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that described shell made by permeability magnetic material.
10, inclination sensor as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that described permanent magnet is fixed on the described turning axle by epoxy resin or rubber, and described magneto sensor is fixed on the described fixed body by epoxy resin or rubber.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 93202323 CN2149603Y (en) | 1993-01-28 | 1993-01-28 | Sensing Device for measuring inclination |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 93202323 CN2149603Y (en) | 1993-01-28 | 1993-01-28 | Sensing Device for measuring inclination |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN2149603Y true CN2149603Y (en) | 1993-12-15 |
Family
ID=33786537
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 93202323 Expired - Fee Related CN2149603Y (en) | 1993-01-28 | 1993-01-28 | Sensing Device for measuring inclination |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN2149603Y (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107588758A (en) * | 2016-07-08 | 2018-01-16 | 西门子公司 | Rotor level measurement device and rotor level measurement method, method of adjustment |
| CN112762919A (en) * | 2020-12-29 | 2021-05-07 | 吉林大学 | Liquid piezoelectric jet gyroscope based on electrochemical energy conversion and measuring method |
| CN113356184A (en) * | 2021-07-26 | 2021-09-07 | 黑龙江省建筑安装集团有限公司 | Civil engineering building composite pile |
| CN114926917A (en) * | 2022-06-02 | 2022-08-19 | 台州宏创电力集团有限公司科技分公司 | Control magic cube and control method thereof |
-
1993
- 1993-01-28 CN CN 93202323 patent/CN2149603Y/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107588758A (en) * | 2016-07-08 | 2018-01-16 | 西门子公司 | Rotor level measurement device and rotor level measurement method, method of adjustment |
| CN112762919A (en) * | 2020-12-29 | 2021-05-07 | 吉林大学 | Liquid piezoelectric jet gyroscope based on electrochemical energy conversion and measuring method |
| CN112762919B (en) * | 2020-12-29 | 2022-11-08 | 吉林大学 | Liquid piezoelectric jet gyroscope based on electrochemical energy conversion and measuring method |
| CN113356184A (en) * | 2021-07-26 | 2021-09-07 | 黑龙江省建筑安装集团有限公司 | Civil engineering building composite pile |
| CN113356184B (en) * | 2021-07-26 | 2022-08-09 | 黑龙江省建筑安装集团有限公司 | Civil engineering building composite pile |
| CN114926917A (en) * | 2022-06-02 | 2022-08-19 | 台州宏创电力集团有限公司科技分公司 | Control magic cube and control method thereof |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C19 | Lapse of patent right due to non-payment of the annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |