CN214958722U - MMC-based optical storage grid-connected inverter - Google Patents
MMC-based optical storage grid-connected inverter Download PDFInfo
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- CN214958722U CN214958722U CN202022600770.3U CN202022600770U CN214958722U CN 214958722 U CN214958722 U CN 214958722U CN 202022600770 U CN202022600770 U CN 202022600770U CN 214958722 U CN214958722 U CN 214958722U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a light stores up grid-connected inverter based on MMC, belong to little electric wire netting technical field, this light stores up grid-connected inverter includes A, B, C three-phase bridge arm branches, every looks bridge arm branch includes two upper and lower bridge arms, all be equipped with n submodule pieces in every upper bridge arm or the lower bridge arm in series, and the link of two upper and lower bridge arms is connected with the side filter inductance of interchange, the side filter inductance of interchange is used for connecting the AC electric wire netting, among the n submodule pieces, including m photovoltaic submodule pieces and (n-m) battery submodule pieces, each photovoltaic submodule piece includes photovoltaic cell, electric capacity and half-bridge switch structure, wherein, photovoltaic cell connects on half-bridge switch structure after connecting in parallel with electric capacity; each storage battery submodule comprises a storage battery, a capacitor and a half-bridge switch structure, and the storage battery is connected with the half-bridge switch structure after being connected with the capacitor in parallel; and the photovoltaic sub-module and the storage battery sub-module are used for respectively carrying out independent power control so as to meet the power consumption requirement.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of little electric wire netting, concretely relates to light stores up grid-connected inverter based on MMC.
Background
The traditional photovoltaic grid-connected inverter based on MMC (modular multilevel converter) is greatly influenced by the environment, and the situation of unstable active power output can occur, so that the system can not flexibly adjust the output power according to a power grid dispatching instruction, and the utilization efficiency of new energy is greatly reduced. The energy storage battery can be used as a standby power supply to smooth power output and play a role in peak clipping and valley filling.
However, in the existing MMC-based optical storage grid-connected inverter system, a topological structure is shown in fig. 1, a large number of photovoltaic modules PV are directly connected in parallel with a direct current side of an MMC formed by a plurality of energy storage sub-modules E-SM, and the adoption of the topological structure has the disadvantages that when the illumination condition changes, the voltage of the direct current side is easy to be unstable, and the fault ride-through capability is not available.
In addition, due to the flexibility of the power grid requirement, the random change of the illumination conditions at different stages in a day and the different requirements of the user on the electric energy are limited based on the structure of the existing optical storage grid-connected inverter, as shown in the topological structure in fig. 1, although the photovoltaic cell on the direct current side of the MMC and the storage battery in the E-SM can be simultaneously discharged, the output power of the E-SM cannot be flexibly adjusted according to the output power change of the photovoltaic cell and the power grid scheduling requirement by using the power control method adopted by the structure, and the contradiction between the power generation amount and the power consumption amount cannot be solved, so that the energy utilization rate and the economic benefit are low.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims at providing a light stores up inverter that is incorporated into power networks based on MMC for as a new hardware structure support, solve because the problem that the power control that current light stored up the inverter structure and lead to can't satisfy the power demand.
Based on the purpose, the technical scheme of the MMC-based optical storage grid-connected inverter is as follows:
the bridge arm comprises A, B, C three-phase bridge arm branches, each phase of bridge arm branch comprises an upper bridge arm and a lower bridge arm, each upper bridge arm or each lower bridge arm is internally provided with a bridge arm filter inductor and n sub-modules in series, the upper bridge arm and the lower bridge arm are connected with an alternating current side filter inductor through the bridge arm filter inductors, the alternating current side filter inductors are used for being connected with an alternating current power grid, the n sub-modules comprise m photovoltaic sub-modules and (n-m) storage battery sub-modules, each photovoltaic sub-module comprises a photovoltaic cell, a capacitor and a half-bridge switch structure, and the photovoltaic cell is connected with the half-bridge switch structure after being connected with the capacitor in parallel; each storage battery submodule comprises a storage battery, a capacitor and a half-bridge switch structure, and the storage battery is connected with the half-bridge switch structure after being connected with the capacitor in parallel; and the photovoltaic sub-module and the storage battery sub-module are used for respectively carrying out independent power control so as to meet the power consumption requirement.
The beneficial effects of the above technical scheme are:
the utility model provides a novel light of structure stores up inverter that is incorporated into power networks has adopted novel integrated configuration, integrates photovoltaic cell and battery respectively in the MMC submodule piece of difference, and the dc-to-ac converter has adopted novel integrated configuration, just provides probably for photovoltaic cell and battery carry out power control alone, can control photovoltaic cell and battery respectively according to the power consumption demand, realizes the nimble distribution of power through the independent control of submodule piece. Therefore, the utility model discloses an inverter helps solving the problem that current control method does not satisfy the power consumption demand smoothly as a hardware bearing structure. Moreover, direct series connection of each power electronic device is avoided in the MMC, each submodule is not influenced mutually, two direct current sources of a photovoltaic battery and a storage battery in a novel integrated structure are connected to different submodules respectively, so that the two direct current sources are not influenced mutually, each submodule outputs stable voltage, harmonic content is reduced, and grid-connected quality is improved.
Furthermore, for the bidirectional flow of power in the storage battery sub-modules, each storage battery sub-module is also provided with a bidirectional DC-DC converter, each bidirectional DC-DC converter comprises an inductor, a first electronic switch and a second electronic switch, and the inductors are connected with the two ends of the storage batteries after being connected with the first electronic switches in series; the first electronic switch and the second electronic switch are connected in series and then connected to two ends of the capacitor.
The bidirectional DC-DC converter is added in the storage battery submodule, so that bidirectional flow of power in the storage battery submodule can be realized, and the flexibility of system power supply is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a light storage grid-connected inverter in the prior art;
fig. 2 is a diagram of a light storage grid-connected inverter according to the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a photovoltaic cell submodule according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a battery sub-module of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a power flow diagram of the operation of the light storage grid-connected inverter in the working mode of the present invention;
fig. 6 is an overall control schematic diagram of a power control method of the optical storage grid-connected inverter of the present invention;
FIG. 7 shows the power control of the present invention in the daytime operating mode PkSchematic diagram of the calculation process of (1);
fig. 8-1 is a simulation diagram of daytime operation mode in the present invention;
fig. 8-2 is a diagram showing a night discharge mode simulation in the night operation mode of the present invention;
fig. 8-3 are simulation diagrams of the night charging mode in the night operation mode of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description will further describe embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In this embodiment, a light storage grid-connected inverter based on an MMC is provided, and a topological structure of the light storage grid-connected inverter is shown in fig. 2, and includes A, B, C three-phase bridge arm branches, each phase of bridge arm branch includes an upper bridge arm and a lower bridge arm, and each upper bridge arm or lower bridge arm is provided with n sub-modules (SM) in seriesiI is 1,2, …, n) and 1 bridge arm filter inductor L, and the upper and lower bridge arms are connected with the AC side filter inductor Ls and the AC side filter inductor L through the bridge arm filter inductors LsFor connection to an AC network, the three-phase voltage of which is denoted Usa、Usb、Usc. Of the n submodules in FIG. 2, there are m photovoltaic submodules, i.e., SM1,SM2,..,SMm(ii) a The remaining (n-m) sub-modules are battery sub-modules, i.e. SMm+1,SMm+2,…,SMn。
The m photovoltaic submodules shown in fig. 3 include a photovoltaic cell, a capacitor, and a half-bridge switch structure, wherein the photovoltaic cell is connected to the half-bridge switch structure after being connected in parallel with the capacitor. When in the night mode, the photovoltaic cell does not emit active power, and can be equivalent to a capacitor module at this time. An equivalent diagram is shown in a dashed box on the left side in fig. 3, and a photovoltaic sub-module configuration diagram is shown in a dashed box on the right side.
In the (n-m) storage battery sub-modules shown in fig. 4, each sub-module includes a storage battery, a bidirectional DC-DC converter, a capacitor, and a half-bridge switch structure, wherein the storage battery is connected to an input terminal of the bidirectional DC-DC converter, and an output terminal of the bidirectional DC-DC converter is connected to the capacitor and the half-bridge switch structure, respectively.
In other embodiments, the storage battery submodule may not be provided with the bidirectional DC-DC converter, and the storage battery is directly connected in parallel with the capacitor and then connected to the half-bridge switch structure.
The power flow of the operation mode of the optical storage grid-connected inverter is as shown in fig. 5, and as the actual condition is that the photovoltaic power supply cannot meet the power consumption demand of the user in most of the daytime, when the inverter is in the daytime operation mode, the photovoltaic cell and the storage battery supply power to the power grid at the same time, the photovoltaic cell generates the maximum power according to the illumination condition in the daytime, and the rest of the power is supplemented by the storage battery.
When the inverter is in a night working mode, the photovoltaic cell cannot supply power to the power grid, therefore, when the power consumption peak period is in the night, all the required active power is transmitted to the power grid by the storage battery, and when the power consumption valley period is in the night, the power grid charges the storage battery to be used as a standby for the power consumption of the user on the next day.
The overall control principle of the power control method of the optical storage grid-connected inverter is shown in fig. 6, and the power control method comprises three parts, namely upper-layer power control (namely grid-connected control), balance control (comprising voltage control of a photovoltaic cell submodule and SOC balance control of a storage battery submodule) and power control of the storage battery submodule.
The method comprises the following steps that upper layer power control is carried out to obtain an overall modulation signal of an inverter, the signal is added with the adjustment quantity of each submodule in the balance control, and a switching tube in each half-bridge switching structure of an upper bridge arm and a lower bridge arm is driven through carrier phase shift; and the power control is used for generating a modulation signal of a switching tube of a DC-DC converter in the storage battery sub-module and controlling the storage battery sub-module to work in buck or boost mode.
The following describes in detail a power coordination control method (i.e., a power control method) of the grid-connected inverter with reference to fig. 6:
step 1: firstly, carrying out upper-layer grid-connected control, and generating an active current instruction by the direct-current side voltage of the inverter through double-ring decoupling control (voltage outer-ring current inner-ring control) to stabilize the direct-current side voltage of the inverter; and generating a reactive current instruction by the reactive power of the power grid to realize reactive power tracking.
Specifically, the actual value U of the DC voltage of the inverter is obtaineddcSetting the DC side voltage of the inverter to a given value U* dcWith the actual value U of the DC voltagedcPerforming difference, and generating an active current command i through PI regulationdrefThe value is compared with the three-phase current i output by the inverterabcD-axis component i ofdPerforming PI regulation to generate an active voltage output value, and outputting a three-phase voltage u from the inverterabcD-axis component e ofdAnd ω L iq(iqFor three-phase currents iabcQ-axis component of) and differenced with the active voltage output value to obtain the active voltage command.
Command reactive current iqrefAnd three-phase current iabcQ-axis component i ofqMaking difference, regulating by PI, outputting a reactive voltage output value, and outputting three-phase voltage u from the inverterabcQ-axis component e ofqAnd the reactive voltage output value, ω L id(idFor three-phase currents iabcD-axis component) to obtain a reactive voltage command.
Then, according to the active voltage command and the reactive voltage command obtained above, through dq/abc conversion in combination with the phase shift angle cos theta, modulation signals of half-bridge modules in each sub-module in the inverter are generated so as to stabilize the direct-current side voltage of the inverter and maintain the stable operation of a system where the inverter is located.
Step 2: and carrying out balance control on the corresponding sub-modules, wherein the balance control comprises voltage balance control (voltage control for short) of the photovoltaic sub-modules and SOC balance control of the storage battery sub-modules. The specific control process is as follows:
step 2.1: for the photovoltaic sub-modules, MPPT control is performed on the photovoltaic cells by adopting a disturbance observation method under a daytime working mode, so that each photovoltaic cell can work under the voltage of the maximum power point of the photovoltaic cell, and the utilization rate of the photovoltaic cell is improved;
for the photovoltaic sub-modules, under a night working mode, the photovoltaic sub-modules can be equivalent to the capacitor modules, and the voltage values of the capacitors are controlled to be under the specified voltage values, so that the voltage balance of each capacitor sub-module is realized;
step 2.2: for the storage battery sub-modules, the SOC values of the storage batteries in each sub-module are added to obtain an average value, and the SOC value of each storage battery is controlled to track the average value, so that the SOC balance of each storage battery is achieved, and the service life of the storage battery is prolonged.
And step 3: and performing power control on the storage battery submodule according to the power dispatching instruction of the power grid. The specific method comprises the following steps:
step 3.1: obtaining power grid power dispatching instruction PtotalAccording to the value, calculating the active power command value P sent or absorbed by the storage battery in each storage battery submodulekWherein FIG. 7 is P in diurnal mode of operation in power controlkIn the diurnal mode, P is calculatedkThe concrete formula of (1) is as follows:
in the formula, n is the number of each bridge arm submodule, m is the number of each bridge arm photovoltaic submodule, and P istotalScheduling commands for grid power, P* pv_jFor the sum of the output powers of all the photovoltaic cells of the j (a, b, c) phase, the formula is calculated as follows:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
and
the output active power of all the photovoltaic cells of the upper bridge arm and the lower bridge arm of j (j is a, b and c) phase respectively, and the output active power of each photovoltaic cell is: and (3) multiplying the maximum power point voltage and the output current of each photovoltaic cell obtained in the step (2). Taking a j-phase upper bridge arm as an example, the calculation formula of the output active power of the photovoltaic battery on the upper bridge arm is as follows:
in the formula of Upv_pj1And Ipj1Respectively correspond to SM in FIG. 21Maximum power point voltage and output current, U, of medium photovoltaic cellpv_pjmAnd IpjmCorresponds to SMmThe maximum power point voltage and the output current of the medium photovoltaic cell.
In the night mode, P is calculatedkThe concrete formula of (1) is as follows:
step 3.2: p calculated by powerkCalculating the reference value I of the output or input current of the storage batteryErefI.e. the discharge or charge current reference, the specific formula is:
in the formula of UEIs the voltage of each battery;
and then, obtaining a modulation signal of a switching tube of the DC-DC converter in each storage battery submodule by using a double-loop control method of a current outer loop voltage inner loop. The specific double-loop control process is as follows: obtaining the actual value I of the current input or output by the storage batteryEReference current value IErefAnd the actual value of the current IEPerforming PI regulation to output a voltage output value, and comparing the voltage output value with a set ratio (U)Eand/Ue) to generate a voltage command value.
Step 3.3: and (4) according to the calculated voltage command value, adopting independent PWM (pulse width modulation) to modulate the switching tubes of the DC-DC converter in the storage battery submodule respectively so as to enable the switching tubes to work in a buck mode or a boost mode respectively, thereby realizing the charging and discharging of the storage battery.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model, it is showing the advantage and is:
1) the inverter adopts a novel integrated structure, the photovoltaic battery and the storage battery are respectively integrated in different sub-modules, and the photovoltaic sub-module and the storage battery sub-module are independently controlled, namely the photovoltaic sub-module adopts voltage balance control, and the storage battery sub-module adopts SOC balance control, so that the direct-current side voltage can be well controlled even if the illumination condition changes, and the fault ride-through capability of the inverter facing low voltage or high voltage is improved; and because the photovoltaic submodule and the storage battery submodule are not influenced mutually, two direct current sources are not influenced mutually, and the grid connection quality is improved.
2) The power control method can adjust the output power of each submodule according to the power consumption requirement, has flexible power distribution, improves the energy utilization efficiency, relieves the problem of unmatched power supply quantity and power consumption quantity, and improves the economic benefit of the system;
3) the bidirectional DC-DC converter is added in the storage battery submodule, so that bidirectional flow of power in the storage battery submodule can be realized, and the flexibility of system power supply is improved.
In order to verify the utility model discloses an validity builds the experimental simulation model of light storage grid-connected inverter system in Matlab/Simulink, and system actual parameter is as follows:
TABLE 1 actual parameters table of system
The simulation diagrams of the three working modes are respectively shown in FIG. 8-1, FIG. 8-2 and FIG. 8-3 by taking phase A as an example. In fig. 8-1, when the system is in daytime operation mode, the grid voltage u is due to the reactive power command being 0 and the photovoltaic cell and the accumulator supplying power to the grid simultaneouslysAAnd current isAThe phases are consistent. The illumination intensity of all the photovoltaic cells is 1000W/m2, and the output maximum power is 2400WSetting the total output power of the system to 13200W, namely, the output power of each phase Pcap4400W, the remaining 2000W is provided by the battery (i.e., P)bat) Providing that all photovoltaic cells can track their maximum power point voltage, battery SOC state (e.g., Bat)1，Bat2，Bat3，Bat4) Tending to a consistent and sustained decline.
When the system is in a night working mode, the photovoltaic sub-modules are equivalent to the capacitor sub-modules, power cannot be supplied to a power grid, and the output power P iscapIs 0. When the storage battery supplies power to the power grid, the voltage and current phases of the power grid are consistent, and the power instruction Pbat6400W, the capacitor voltage is borne by the storage batteryc_p1、uc_p2、uc_n1、uc_n2Following the reference value, the battery SOC state tends to be consistent and continues to decline, as shown in fig. 8-2. When the grid charges the storage battery, the phases of the voltage and the current of the grid are opposite, the power command is still 6400W, the power command is completely supplied to the storage battery, the capacitor voltage tracks the reference value, and the SOC state of the storage battery tends to be consistent and continuously rises, as shown in fig. 8-3.
Through the simulation experiment result above, can prove, adopt the utility model discloses a behind the light storage inverter, its control method can reach control target, and the reliability is high.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: modifications and equivalents of the embodiments of the invention may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which should be construed as falling within the scope of the claims of the invention.
Claims (1)
1. The MMC-based optical storage grid-connected inverter comprises A, B, C three-phase bridge arm branches, wherein each phase of bridge arm branch comprises an upper bridge arm and a lower bridge arm, each upper bridge arm or each lower bridge arm is internally provided with a bridge arm filter inductor and n sub-modules in series, the upper bridge arm and the lower bridge arm are connected with an alternating current side filter inductor through the bridge arm filter inductors, and the alternating current side filter inductors are used for being connected with an alternating current power grid; each storage battery submodule comprises a storage battery, a capacitor and a half-bridge switch structure, and the storage battery is connected with the half-bridge switch structure after being connected with the capacitor in parallel; the photovoltaic sub-module and the storage battery sub-module are used for respectively carrying out independent power control so as to meet the power consumption requirement;
each storage battery submodule is also provided with a bidirectional DC-DC converter, each bidirectional DC-DC converter comprises an inductor, a first electronic switch and a second electronic switch, and the inductors are connected with the two ends of the storage batteries after being connected with the first electronic switches in series; the first electronic switch and the second electronic switch are connected in series and then connected to two ends of the capacitor.
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