CN214957359U

CN214957359U - Hybrid system antenna

Info

Publication number: CN214957359U
Application number: CN202122637782.8U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李毅; 王志; 金治中
Original assignee: Chengdu Huachuang Yida Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Chengdu Huachuang Yida Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-11-01
Filing date: 2021-11-01
Publication date: 2021-11-30
Anticipated expiration: 2031-11-01

Abstract

The application discloses a hybrid system antenna, which comprises a mounting seat arranged at the bottom, wherein a bottom plate is detachably and fixedly connected to the mounting seat, and a first array vibrator unit and a second array vibrator unit are arranged on the bottom plate in an overlapped mode; the first array vibrator unit comprises a plurality of first vibrators which are arranged in a circular array, and the first vibrators are vertically arranged on a partition plate which is arranged in parallel with the bottom plate by adopting a low-frequency sheet structure; the second array vibrator unit is arranged between the partition plate and the bottom plate and comprises a plurality of second vibrators which are arranged in a circular array. This application has effectively compensatied not enough that current mainstream direction finding equipment adopted single system through two integrated independent oscillator units, has both promoted the direction finding degree of accuracy of low-frequency range, has ensured the detection direction finding range of high-frequency range again, makes the utility model discloses have more the compatibility.

Description

Hybrid system antenna

Technical Field

The utility model relates to an antenna field especially relates to full frequency channel direction finding array antenna of aperture, concretely relates to mixed system antenna.

Background

The direction finding of the full-band phase interferometer is more general and mature in the prior art, and has the advantages that the aperture of an antenna array adopting an interferometer direction finding system is small, the direction finding range is 300MHz-6000MHz, the maximum aperture can be controlled within 500mm, the volume of the antenna can be very compact, and the carrying and the arrangement are facilitated. However, due to the low sensitivity of the antenna array and the limited direction-finding distance, the direction-finding distance is about 2Km generally at high-end frequency (such as 5.8GHz unmanned aerial vehicles), and the user requirements can not be met obviously at the direction-finding distance.

In the prior art, a full-band amplitude direction-finding array antenna is adopted as a direction-finding mode, the antenna generally adopts a pair-circumference antenna, the low-end frequency is 300MHz, the frequency is required to reach the gain of about 6dBi of directional gain, the height of the antenna is required to reach 500mm, the length of the antenna is about 700mm, 6-8 pairs of pair-circumference antennas are adopted to form a direction-finding array, the aperture of the direction-finding array exceeds 1500mm, and the height of the direction-finding array exceeds 500mm, so that the size of the whole antenna is large, great difficulty is caused to equipment installation and erection, the direction-finding array is not suitable for being used as vehicle-mounted equipment or individual equipment, and the portability is greatly reduced.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In order to solve the big inconvenient scheduling problem that carries of volume that exists of the antenna among the prior art, this application provides a mixed system antenna for replace current full-band array antenna, can satisfy simultaneously that the antenna size aperture is little, light in weight, portable or the installation of loading, can guarantee again to listen the distance of direction finding farther, do not confine to the 2KM within range, more can satisfy current detection usage.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the application is as follows:

before introducing the detailed aspects of the present application, the improvement points and application scenarios of the present application will be briefly described:

the utility model provides a hybrid system antenna has mainly structurally improved, has integrateed the oscillator unit in two different frequency bands, has contained high frequency and low frequency to realize that full frequency channel detects, the theory of operation of this application does not obviously distinguish with current antenna, and its mounting means can adopt prior art completely, and can be compatible with current receiver or information receiving system. The structure of the present application is described in detail below:

a mixed system antenna comprises a mounting seat arranged at the bottom, wherein a bottom plate is detachably and fixedly connected to the mounting seat, and a first array vibrator unit and a second array vibrator unit are arranged on the bottom plate in an overlapped mode;

the first array vibrator unit comprises a plurality of first vibrators which are arranged in a circular array, and the first vibrators are vertically arranged on a partition plate which is arranged in parallel with the bottom plate by adopting a low-frequency sheet structure; the working frequency range of the first array vibrator unit is 300MHz-1200MHz frequency band; the number of the first vibrators of the vibrator unit of the first array is nine,

the second array vibrator unit is arranged between the partition board and the bottom board and comprises a plurality of second vibrators which are arranged in a circular array, and the second vibrators are horizontally arranged on the bottom board by adopting a closed structure with a high-frequency single-side opening; the working frequency range of the second array vibrator unit is 1200MHz-6000MHz frequency band. The number of the second vibrators of the second array vibrator unit is eight.

As the optimal structure design of this application, preferably, baffle and bottom plate pass through first coupling mechanism and second coupling mechanism fixed connection, first coupling mechanism comprises many first bracing pieces that are circular array, second coupling mechanism comprises many second bracing pieces that are circular array, arbitrary first bracing piece and second bracing piece length equal and end all through the connecting piece respectively with baffle and bottom plate fixed connection.

Further preferably, the first oscillator comprises a bracket and a T-shaped piece, wherein the bracket and the T-shaped piece are detachably and fixedly connected, the bracket is fixedly connected with the partition plate through a fastener, and the T-shaped piece is provided with at least one free end in the horizontal direction. The polarization in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction can be realized by adopting the T-shaped sheet, so that the direction-finding precision and the anti-interference capability can be enhanced.

Still further preferably, the second oscillator adopts a horn-shaped structure with one end flared and one end converged and closed, and the opening side of one end of the flared end deviates from the center of the second array oscillator unit. Adopt this structure to relate to and to realize all-round cover, left out the antenna and rotated the actuating mechanism who realizes all-round signal reception, further simplified structural design for the second oscillator is narrow satisfying the wave beam, and the gain is high, and the linearity is good, and with array diameter control at 600mm under the long-range prerequisite of detection distance, satisfies the practical or portable on-vehicle installation of portable individual soldier. Compared with the conventional opposite-circumference antenna, the antenna adopting the design has the advantages that the diameter can be reduced by more than 50%, and the detection distance can reach 5Km, so that the antenna is more flexible.

In order to facilitate installation and ensure signal transmission of each of the first vibrator and the second vibrator, preferably, the first vibrator is fixedly connected with a first interface, the second vibrator is fixedly connected with a second interface, the bottom plate is provided with a plurality of third interfaces electrically connected with the first interface and the second interface, and the third interfaces are electrically connected with a radio frequency switch arranged in the mounting seat. In order to improve the signal operation precision, the single-oscillator independent communication connection mode is adopted, the first interface and the second interface are respectively connected with the third interface in a one-to-one correspondence mode, the radio frequency switch can read the phase between any two first oscillators and/or the amplitude signal difference between any two second oscillators according to the preset value, and therefore the specific direction of the target is detected. The adoption of the independent communication cable connection has the advantages of unified interface, convenience in installation, simplicity in maintenance and the like, and the problem that the integrated antenna is completely replaced due to the damage or oxidation of part of oscillators is avoided.

In order to improve the utility model discloses a life-span, preferably, still include the antenna house, be provided with on the antenna house with the step groove of bottom plate lock, it has a plurality of mounting holes that are used for holding the fastener to go back evenly distributed on the step groove. In order to avoid signal interference between the first oscillators, the surface of the bottom plate is provided with an insulating layer.

Has the advantages that:

(1) this application has effectively compensatied not enough that current mainstream direction finding equipment adopted single system through two integrated independent oscillator units, has both promoted the direction finding degree of accuracy of low-frequency range, has ensured the detection direction finding range of high-frequency range again, makes the utility model discloses have more the compatibility.

(2) The volume and the weight of the antenna are moderate, so that the antenna is convenient to move and use and load, and the requirements of users are met;

(3) the utility model discloses a basic component all adopts and to dismantle connected mode, and independent connection can independently change and maintain, convenient to use, and the maintenance cost is low, is favorable to marketing.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive exercise.

Fig. 1 is an axonometric view of the internal structure of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is an inverted visual isometric view of fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is an exploded view of the structure of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is an exploded view of the inverted visual structure of fig. 3.

Fig. 5 is an isometric view of a first array of transducer element cell structures.

Fig. 6 is an isometric view of a second array transducer element unit structure.

Fig. 7 is an enlarged view of the structure of region a in fig. 6.

In the figure: 1-an antenna housing; 2-a first array of vibrator units; 21-a separator; 22-a first oscillator; 23-a first interface; 3-a second array vibrator unit; 31-an insulating layer; 32-a second oscillator; 33-a second interface; 34-a third interface; 4-a bottom plate; 5-mounting a base; 6-a first support bar; 7-second support bar.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present application, generally described and illustrated in the figures herein, can be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.

Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application, presented in the accompanying drawings, is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the application. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

In the description of the present application, it should be noted that if the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. are used for indicating the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings or the orientation or positional relationship which is usually placed when the product of the application is used, the description is only for convenience and simplicity, and the indication or suggestion that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present application. Furthermore, the appearances of the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description herein are only used for distinguishing between similar elements and are not intended to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

Furthermore, the terms "horizontal", "vertical" and the like when used in the description of the present application do not require that the components be absolutely horizontal or overhanging, but may be slightly inclined. For example, "horizontal" merely means that the direction is more horizontal than "vertical" and does not mean that the structure must be perfectly horizontal, but may be slightly inclined.

In the description of the present application, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly stated or limited, the terms "disposed," "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be interpreted broadly, e.g., as being fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood in a specific case by those of ordinary skill in the art.

Example 1:

the utility model discloses can be used to conventional unmanned aerial vehicle to listen, this embodiment explains with surveying unmanned aerial vehicle as an example, and current military unmanned aerial vehicle, trade level unmanned aerial vehicle or consumer unmanned aerial vehicle frequency coverage concentrate on between 300MHz-6000MHz basically, and frequency width is very big, for unmanned aerial vehicle detection equipment, especially listen to the direction finding array antenna design and bring very big difficulty. The common direction-finding array design adopts either a correlation interferometer system and a phase method for direction finding, or an amplitude correlation method for direction finding and an amplitude distribution relationship for direction finding, but all have short plates. The antenna array adopting the phase interferometer direction-finding system has small aperture, the direction-finding range of 300MHz-6000MHz and the maximum aperture controllable within 500 mm. However, due to the low sensitivity of the antenna array and the limited direction-finding distance, the direction-finding distance of the unmanned aerial vehicle is about 2Km generally at high-end frequency such as 5.8GHz, and the requirement of a user is far out of reach.

If the direction-finding matrix antenna is realized by adopting an amplitude correlation method, the following problems exist: because the low-end frequency is 300MHz, if the frequency is required to reach the gain of about 6dBi of directional gain, the height of the antenna is 500mm, the length of the antenna is about 700mm, 6-8 pairs of counter antennas are adopted to form a direction-finding array, the aperture of the direction-finding array exceeds 1500mm, and the height of the direction-finding array exceeds 500mm, so that the installation and erection of equipment are difficult, and the direction-finding array is not suitable for being used as vehicle-mounted equipment or individual equipment. In view of this practical problem, the present embodiment provides a hybrid system antenna, which is shown in fig. 1 to 6 and includes a mounting base 5 disposed at the bottom, a bottom plate 4 is detachably and fixedly connected to the mounting base 5, and a first array vibrator unit 2 and a second array vibrator unit 3 are stacked on the bottom plate 4;

the first array vibrator unit 2 comprises a plurality of first vibrators 22 which are arranged in a circular array, and the first vibrators 22 are vertically arranged on a partition plate 21 which is arranged in parallel with the bottom plate 4 by adopting a low-frequency sheet structure; the working frequency range of the first array vibrator unit 2 is 300MHz-1200MHz frequency band; the number of the first vibrators 22 of the first array vibrator unit 2 is nine,

the second array vibrator unit 3 is arranged between the partition board 21 and the bottom board 4 and comprises a plurality of second vibrators 32 arranged in a circular array, and the second vibrators 32 are horizontally arranged on the bottom board 4 by adopting a closed structure with a high-frequency single-side opening; the working frequency range of the second array vibrator unit 3 is 1200MHz-6000MHz frequency band. The number of the second vibrators 32 of the second array vibrator unit 3 is eight.

The working principle is as follows:

the first array vibrator unit 2 and the second array vibrator unit 3 simultaneously collect incoming wave signals, the radio frequency switch inputs the signals into the receiver according to a preset mode to analyze the received incoming wave signals, and the directions of the incoming wave signals are obtained through calculation, so that direction finding is achieved. In the embodiment, the prior art is adopted as the operation method related to the incoming wave signal, a user can also consider the setting according to the actual use requirement, the part is not the improvement content of the embodiment, the embodiment integrates the first array oscillator unit 2 and the second array oscillator unit 3 through the brand new improvement on the structure, the incoming wave direction can be calculated through the incoming wave signal difference between the first oscillator 22 and/or the second oscillator 32, the simultaneous detection of a low frequency band and a high frequency band can be met, the long-distance incoming wave signal detection can be realized, and the antenna has higher practicability and more compact volume compared with the existing antenna of a single system.

Example 2:

on the basis of embodiment 1, further referring to fig. 1-7 of the specification, this embodiment further refines the structure, in this embodiment, the partition plate 21 and the bottom plate 4 are fixedly connected through a first connecting mechanism and a second connecting mechanism, the first connecting mechanism is composed of a plurality of first supporting rods 6 in a circular array, the second connecting mechanism is composed of a plurality of second supporting rods 7 in a circular array, any one of the first supporting rods 6 and the second supporting rods 7 has the same length, and the ends of the first supporting rods 6 and the ends of the second supporting rods are respectively fixedly connected with the partition plate 21 and the bottom plate 4 through connecting pieces.

In this embodiment, the first vibrator 22 includes a support and a T-shaped piece, the support is detachably and fixedly connected with the partition 21 through a fastener, and the T-shaped piece has at least one free end in the horizontal direction. The polarization in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction can be realized by adopting the T-shaped sheet, so that the direction-finding precision and the anti-interference capability can be enhanced.

In this embodiment, the second oscillator 32 is in a horn-shaped structure with one end flared and one end converged and sealed, and the opening side of the flared end deviates from the center of the second array oscillator unit 3. Adopt this structure to relate to and to realize all-round cover, left out the antenna and rotated the actuating mechanism who realizes all-round signal reception, further simplified structural design for second oscillator 32 is narrow satisfying the wave beam, and the gain is high, and the linearity is good, and with array diameter control at 600mm under the long-range prerequisite of detection distance, satisfies the practical or portable on-vehicle installation of portable individual soldier. Compared with the conventional opposite-circumference antenna, the antenna adopting the design has the advantages that the diameter can be reduced by more than 50%, and the detection distance can reach 5Km, so that the antenna is more flexible.

In order to facilitate the installation and ensure the signal transmission of each of the first vibrator 22 and the second vibrator 32, preferably, a first interface 23 is fixedly connected to the first vibrator 22, a second interface 33 is fixedly connected to the second vibrator 32, a plurality of third interfaces 34 electrically connected to the first interface 23 and the second interface 33 are arranged on the bottom plate 4, and the third interfaces 34 are electrically connected to a radio frequency switch arranged in the mounting seat 5. In order to improve the signal operation accuracy, the single-oscillator independent communication connection mode is adopted, and the first interface 23 and the second interface 33 are respectively connected with the third interface 34 in a one-to-one correspondence mode, so that the radio frequency switch can read the phase between any two first oscillators 22 and/or the amplitude signal difference between any two second oscillators 32 according to the preset value, and the specific direction of the target is detected. The adoption of the independent communication cable connection has the advantages of unified interface, convenience in installation, simplicity in maintenance and the like, and the problem that the integrated antenna is completely replaced due to the damage or oxidation of part of oscillators is avoided.

In order to improve the utility model discloses a life-span, in this embodiment, still include antenna house 1, antenna house 1 last be provided with the step groove of 4 locks of bottom plate, it has a plurality of mounting holes that are used for holding the fastener to go back evenly distributed on the step groove. In order to avoid signal interference between the first oscillators 22, the surface of the bottom plate 4 is provided with an insulating layer 31.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An antenna of a hybrid system, comprising: the vibration-damping device comprises a mounting seat (5) arranged at the bottom, wherein a bottom plate (4) is detachably and fixedly connected to the mounting seat (5), and a first array vibrator unit (2) and a second array vibrator unit (3) are arranged on the bottom plate (4) in an overlapped mode;

the first array vibrator unit (2) comprises a plurality of first vibrators (22) which are arranged in a circular array, and the first vibrators (22) are vertically arranged on a partition board (21) which is arranged in parallel with the bottom board (4) by adopting a low-frequency sheet structure;

the second array vibrator unit (3) is arranged between the partition board (21) and the bottom board (4) and comprises a plurality of second vibrators (32) which are arranged in a circular array, and the second vibrators (32) are horizontally arranged on the bottom board (4) by adopting a high-frequency single-side opening closed structure.

2. The hybrid system antenna according to claim 1, wherein: baffle (21) and bottom plate (4) are through first coupling mechanism and second coupling mechanism fixed connection, first coupling mechanism comprises many first bracing piece (6) that are circular array, second coupling mechanism comprises many second bracing piece (7) that are circular array, arbitrary the length of first bracing piece (6) and second bracing piece (7) equals and the end all through the connecting piece respectively with baffle (21) and bottom plate (4) fixed connection.

3. The hybrid system antenna according to claim 2, wherein: the first vibrator (22) comprises a support and a T-shaped piece, wherein the support and the T-shaped piece are detachably and fixedly connected, the support is fixedly connected with the partition board (21) through a fastener, and the T-shaped piece is provided with at least one free end in the horizontal direction.

4. The hybrid antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: the second oscillator (32) is of a horn-shaped structure with one end flared and one end converged and sealed, and the opening side of one end of the flared end deviates from the center of the second array oscillator unit (3).

5. The hybrid system antenna according to claim 4, wherein: fixedly connected with first interface (23) on first oscillator (22), fixedly connected with second interface (33) on second oscillator (32), be provided with on bottom plate (4) a plurality of respectively with first interface (23), third interface (34) that second interface (33) electricity is connected, third interface (34) electricity is connected with the setting and is in radio frequency switch in mount pad (5).

6. The hybrid system antenna according to claim 1, wherein: still include antenna house (1), be provided with on antenna house (1) with the step groove of bottom plate (4) lock, it has a plurality of mounting holes that are used for holding the fastener still evenly distributed on the step groove.

7. The hybrid system antenna according to claim 5, wherein: and an insulating layer (31) is arranged on the surface of the bottom plate (4).

8. The hybrid system antenna according to claim 1, wherein: the number of the first vibrators (22) of the first array vibrator unit (2) is nine, and the number of the second vibrators (32) of the second array vibrator unit (3) is eight.