CN214952729U - High-efficient measuring apparatu of young modulus - Google Patents
High-efficient measuring apparatu of young modulus Download PDFInfo
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- CN214952729U CN214952729U CN202121203097.8U CN202121203097U CN214952729U CN 214952729 U CN214952729 U CN 214952729U CN 202121203097 U CN202121203097 U CN 202121203097U CN 214952729 U CN214952729 U CN 214952729U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a high-efficient measuring apparatu of young modulus belongs to physics experiment utensil technical field. The device comprises a first support rod, a first clamping chuck, a connecting rod, a second clamping chuck, a second support rod, a fine adjustment lifting platform, a mobile phone, a storage rod, a tray, weights, a hook and a metal wire to be tested; the first support rod, the connecting rod and the second support rod are connected to form a support of the measuring instrument; the clamping chuck I and the clamping chuck II are respectively arranged at the upper parts of the support rod I and the support rod II and are used for clamping two ends of a metal wire to be tested; the upper end of the hook is fixed in the middle of the metal wire to be measured, the lower end of the hook is connected with the tray, and the weight is placed in the center of the tray. The utility model has the advantages of high efficiency, high precision, etc.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of the physics experiment utensil, a high-efficient measuring apparatu of young modulus is related to.
Background
Young's modulus is the modulus of elasticity in the machine direction, defined as the ratio of uniaxial stress to uniaxial deformation within the range applicable to Hooke's Law. The Young modulus measures the rigidity of an isotropic elastic material, describes physical quantity of the deformation resistance of a solid material, is one of the basis of selecting materials, and is a common parameter in engineering technical design.
At present, the device for measuring Young's modulus in a laboratory is a tensile method wire Young's modulus measuring instrument. The measuring instrument adopts a vertical measuring frame, uses a light lever to amplify the tiny deformation of the metal wire, and then uses a telescope to read the reading of a scale, thereby measuring the tiny elongation of the metal wire under the action of external force. When the measuring instrument is used, an operator needs to adjust the telescope alignment scale for many times so as to clearly see the scale of the scale, and the operator needs to operate between the telescope and the measuring frame repeatedly, so that the experimental efficiency is low, and the high-efficiency degree is not high.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims at the above-mentioned problem that exists to current technique, provide a high-efficient measuring apparatu of young modulus, the utility model aims to solve the technical problem how quick, measure the small elongation of the metal that awaits measuring accurately.
The purpose of the utility model can be realized by the following technical proposal: a high-efficiency Young modulus measuring instrument is characterized by comprising a first supporting rod, a first clamping chuck, a cross rod, a second clamping chuck, a second supporting rod, a fine adjustment lifting table, an angle measurer, a connecting rod, a weight, a hook and a metal wire to be measured;
the first support rod, the cross rod and the second support rod are connected to form a support of the measuring instrument;
the first clamping chuck and the second clamping chuck are clamping pieces which are arranged on the first supporting rod and the second supporting rod in a threaded rotating mode respectively, the middle of each clamping piece is provided with an insertion hole for the metal wire to be tested, the metal wire to be tested can be fixed in the insertion hole, and the tightness of the metal wire to be tested can be adjusted through rotation;
the upper end of the hook is fixed in the middle of the metal wire to be tested, and the lower end of the hook can be connected with the weight;
the fine adjustment lifting platform comprises a base, a lifting plate and a rolling shaft, wherein a lead screw is rotatably connected to the lifting plate through a bearing, the lead screw is in threaded connection with the base, a plurality of longitudinal guide structures are arranged between the base and the lifting plate, so that the longitudinal height of the lifting plate can be finely adjusted through the adjusting lead screw, and the lifting platform is kept unchanged after the longitudinal height of the lifting platform is adjusted.
One end of the connecting rod is placed on a rolling shaft of the fine adjustment lifting platform and can freely roll in the horizontal direction, and the other end of the connecting rod is connected to the middle of the hook through a rotating shaft and can move downwards along with the downward movement of the hook, so that the angle of the metal wire to be measured, which changes under the action of the weight, can be measured.
Furthermore, the lower end of the metal wire to be measured is connected with a carrying platform, and the weight is arranged on the carrying platform.
Furthermore, one end of the connecting rod is hinged to the fine adjustment lifting platform, a first electromagnetic adsorption structure is arranged between one end of the connecting rod and the fine adjustment lifting platform, a second electromagnetic adsorption structure is arranged between the other end of the connecting rod and the carrying platform, and the connecting rod can be in a horizontal state when an electrified coil in the first electromagnetic adsorption structure is electrified.
Furthermore, the connecting rod is of a hollow tubular structure, one end, close to the carrying platform, of the connecting rod is connected with a sliding rod in a sliding mode, the second electromagnetic absorption structure is arranged between the sliding rod and the carrying platform, and a tensioning spring for driving the sliding rod to be close to the connecting rod is sleeved on the sliding rod.
Before adding the weight, make first electromagnetism adsorption structure circular telegram earlier, keep the connecting rod in the horizontality, adjust the fine setting elevating platform, make the angle measurement ware just to the microscope carrier, then make first electromagnetism adsorption structure outage, make the circular telegram of second electromagnetism adsorption structure, add the weight, make moving down of weight can be synchronous with the swing of connecting rod, and because the connecting rod matter is light, it can not cause great interference to the weight, in order to further reduce this kind of interference, can make the microscope carrier vertically set up guide structure, the sleeve pipe is fixed subaerial promptly, the terminal surface is fixed and is set up an inserted bar under the microscope carrier, this inserted bar is inserted and is established in the cover pipe, make the weight only can reciprocate, weaken the influence of second electromagnetism adsorption structure to the weight.
First electromagnetism adsorption structure and second electromagnetism adsorption structure are the electromagnetism piece that has the circular telegram coil and constitute with it complex iron plate, can make two positions that correspond link to each other when the circular telegram, and when first electromagnetism adsorption structure circular telegram promptly, can restrict the swing of connecting rod, make the connecting rod be in the horizontality, can make the tip and the microscope carrier of connecting rod link to each other when the second electromagnetism adsorption structure circular telegram.
It should be noted that: in order to reduce the measurement error, the weight of the connecting rod should be much smaller than the weight of the weight, and the angle measurer is placed on the side close to the fine adjustment lifting platform.
In order to explain the technical solution of the present invention more clearly, the following will explain the present invention for measuring the small elongation of the metal wire to be measured further: as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the length of half of the wire to be measured is set to L0The gravity of the middle O point of the metal wire to be measured is G1Moves downwards to O under the action of the weight1Point, length becomes L1The angle from the horizontal position is θ1(measured by the goniometer) that the center O point of the wire under test has a gravity G2Under the action of the weight, the length is changed into L2The angle from the horizontal position is θ2Then the metal wire to be measured is under the gravity G1、G2Amount of change in elongation (Δ L) by2-ΔL1)＝L0(1/cosθ2-1/cosθ1) Therefore, the elongation of the metal wire to be measured can be conveniently and quickly measured by measuring the angle change of the metal wire to be measured.
The method of the Young modulus horizontal measurement experimental device comprises the following steps:
A. placing the angle measurer on the cross rod, and adjusting the heights of the first supporting rod and the second supporting rod until the angle measurer displays that the vertical direction angle is zero;
B. clamping two ends of the metal wire to be tested by the clamping chuck I and the clamping chuck II respectively, paying attention to initial tension of the metal wire to be tested, and rotating threads of the clamping chuck to enable the metal wire to be tested to be tightened to be in a horizontal state;
C. firstly, the weight is not placed, the angle measurer is placed on the connecting rod, and the fine adjustment lifting table is adjusted until the angle sensor displays that the angle in the vertical direction is zero;
D. standing gravity of G1The weight records the angle theta of the angle measurer1And then placing gravity at G2(G2>G1) The weight records the angle theta of the angle measurer2；
E. Measuring the weight G of the weight2And G1Substituting the radius r of the metal wire to be measured into a formula
And measuring the Young modulus Y of the metal wire to be measured.
Compare with vertical tensile method young modulus measuring apparatu commonly used, the utility model has the advantages of it is following:
(1) the tiny elongation of the metal wire to be measured is amplified into the movement amount of the midpoint in the vertical direction for measurement, so that the measurement accuracy is improved;
(2) the telescope, the scale and the optical lever observation system are simplified into single angle measurement, the measurement time is shortened, and the measurement process is simplified;
(3) the Young modulus can be measured by changing the gravity of the weight twice and measuring the angle changed twice, and the Young modulus is independent of the weight of the hook, the connecting rod and the angle measurer, and has few error influence factors.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a horizontal Young's modulus measurement experimental device.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of measuring the micro-elongation of the wire to be measured.
In the figure, 1, a first support rod; 2. clamping the first clamp; 3. a cross bar; 4. a second clamping head is clamped; 5. a second supporting rod; 6. finely adjusting the lifting platform; 7. an angle measurer; 8. a connecting rod; 9. a weight; 10. hooking; 11. a stage; 12. a metal wire to be tested; 13. a first electromagnetic adsorption structure; 14. a second electromagnetic adsorption structure; 15. the spring is tensioned.
Detailed Description
The following are specific embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings are used to further describe the technical solution of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.
The device comprises a first supporting rod 1, a first clamping chuck 2, a cross rod 3, a second clamping chuck 4, a second supporting rod 5, a fine adjustment lifting table 6, an angle measurer 7, a connecting rod 8, a weight 9, a hook 10 and a metal wire 12 to be measured;
the support rod I1, the cross rod 3 and the support rod II 5 are connected to form a support of the measuring instrument;
the first clamping chuck 2 and the second clamping chuck 4 are clamping pieces which are arranged on the first supporting rod 1 and the second supporting rod 5 in a threaded rotating mode respectively, the middle of each clamping piece is provided with an insertion hole for a metal wire 12 to be measured, the metal wire 12 to be measured can be fixed in the insertion holes, and the tightness of the metal wire 12 to be measured can be adjusted through rotation;
the upper end of a hook 10 is fixed in the middle of a metal wire 12 to be measured, and the lower end of the hook 10 can be connected with a weight 9;
the fine adjustment lifting platform 6 comprises a base, a lifting plate and a rolling shaft, wherein a screw rod is rotatably connected to the lifting plate through a bearing, the screw rod is in threaded connection with the base, a plurality of longitudinal guide structures are arranged between the base and the lifting plate, so that the longitudinal height of the lifting plate can be finely adjusted through the adjusting screw rod, and the lifting platform is kept unchanged after the longitudinal height is adjusted.
One end of the connecting rod 8 is placed on a roller of the fine adjustment lifting platform 6 and can freely roll in the horizontal direction, and the other end of the connecting rod 8 is connected to the middle of the hook 10 through a rotating shaft and can move downwards along with the downward movement of the hook 10, so that the angle of the metal wire 12 to be measured, which changes under the action of the gravity of the weight 9, can be measured.
The lower end of the metal wire 12 to be measured is connected with a carrying platform 11, and the weight 9 is arranged on the carrying platform 11.
One end of the connecting rod 8 is hinged to the fine adjustment lifting platform 6, a first electromagnetic adsorption structure 13 is arranged between one end of the connecting rod 8 and the fine adjustment lifting platform 6, a second electromagnetic adsorption structure 14 is arranged between the other end of the connecting rod 8 and the carrying platform 11, and the connecting rod 8 can be in a horizontal state when a power-on coil in the first electromagnetic adsorption structure 13 is electrified.
The connecting rod 8 is a hollow tubular structure, one end of the connecting rod 8, which is close to the carrying platform 11, is slidably connected with a sliding rod, the second electromagnetic absorption structure 14 is arranged between the sliding rod and the carrying platform 11, and the sliding rod is sleeved with a tensioning spring 15 which drives the sliding rod to be close to the connecting rod 8.
Before adding the weight 9, first make the first electromagnetic absorption structure 13 circular telegram first, keep the connecting rod 8 in the horizontality, adjust and finely tune the elevating platform 6, make the angular surveying ware 7 just face the microscope carrier 11, then make the first electromagnetic absorption structure 13 outage, make the second electromagnetic absorption structure 14 circular telegram, add the weight 9, make the downward movement of weight 9 can be synchronous with the swing of connecting rod 8, and because the connecting rod 8 is light, it can not cause great interference to the weight 9, in order to further reduce this kind of interference, can make the microscope carrier 11 vertically set up guide structure, namely the sleeve pipe is fixed subaerial, the terminal surface is fixed and is set up an inserted bar under the microscope carrier 11, this inserted bar is inserted and is established in the sleeve pipe, make the weight 9 only can reciprocate, weaken the influence of second electromagnetic absorption structure 14 to the weight 9.
The first electromagnetic adsorption structure 13 and the second electromagnetic adsorption structure 14 are both composed of an electromagnetic block with an electrified coil and an iron block matched with the electromagnetic block, and can enable two corresponding parts to be connected when electrified, namely, when the first electromagnetic adsorption structure 13 is electrified, the swing of the connecting rod 8 can be limited, the connecting rod 8 is in a horizontal state, and when the second electromagnetic adsorption structure 14 is electrified, the end part of the connecting rod 8 can be connected with the carrying platform 11.
It should be noted that: in order to reduce the measurement error, the weight of the connecting rod 8 should be much smaller than the weight of the weight 9, and the angle measurer 7 is placed on the side close to the fine adjustment lift 6.
In order to explain the technical solution of the present invention more clearly, the following will explain the present invention for measuring the small elongation of the metal wire to be measured further: as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the length of half of the wire to be measured is set to L0The middle O point of the metal wire to be measuredAt a gravity of G1Moves downwards to O under the action of the weight1Point, length becomes L1The angle from the horizontal position is θ1(measured by the goniometer) that the center O point of the wire under test has a gravity G2Under the action of the weight, the length is changed into L2The angle from the horizontal position is θ2Then the metal wire to be measured is under the gravity G1、G2Amount of change in elongation (Δ L) by2-ΔL1)＝L0(1/cosθ2-1/cosθ1) Therefore, the elongation of the metal wire to be measured can be conveniently and quickly measured by measuring the angle change of the metal wire to be measured.
The measurement steps are as follows:
A. placing the angle measurer 7 on the cross rod 3, and adjusting the heights of the first supporting rod 1 and the second supporting rod 5 until the angle measurer 7 displays that the vertical direction angle is zero;
B. clamping two ends of a metal wire 12 to be tested by a first clamping chuck 2 and a second clamping chuck 4 respectively, paying attention to an initial tension of the metal wire 12 to be tested, and rotating threads of the clamping chucks to tighten the metal wire 12 to be tested into a horizontal state;
C. firstly, the weight 9 is not placed, the angle measurer 7 is placed on the connecting rod 8, and the fine adjustment lifting platform 6 is adjusted until the angle sensor displays that the angle in the vertical direction is zero;
D. standing gravity of G1The weight 9 of (2) records the angle theta of the angle measuring device 71And then placing gravity at G2G2>G1The weight 9 of (2) records the angle theta of the angle measuring device 72；
E. Measuring the weight G of the weight 92And G1Substituting the radius r of the wire 12 into the formula
The young's modulus Y of the wire 12 to be measured can be measured.
The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the spirit of the invention. Various modifications, additions and substitutions for the specific embodiments described herein may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention or exceeding the scope of the invention as defined in the accompanying claims.
Claims (4)
1. A high-efficiency Young modulus measuring instrument is characterized by comprising a first supporting rod (1), a first clamping chuck (2), a cross rod (3), a second clamping chuck (4), a second supporting rod (5), a fine-tuning lifting table (6), an angle measurer (7), a connecting rod (8), weights (9), a hook (10) and a metal wire (12) to be measured;
the support rod I (1), the cross rod (3) and the support rod II (5) are connected to form a support of the measuring instrument;
the clamping clamp I (2) and the clamping clamp II (4) are clamping pieces which are rotatably arranged on the supporting rod I (1) and the supporting rod II (5) in a threaded mode respectively, the middle of each clamping piece is provided with an insertion hole for the metal wire (12) to be tested, the metal wire (12) to be tested can be fixed in the insertion hole, and the tightness of the metal wire (12) to be tested can be adjusted through rotation;
the upper end of the hook (10) is fixed in the middle of the metal wire (12) to be tested, and the lower end of the hook (10) can be connected with the weight (9).
2. The efficient Young's modulus measuring instrument as claimed in claim 1, wherein the lower end of the metal wire (12) to be measured is connected with a carrying platform (11), and the weight (9) is placed on the carrying platform (11).
3. The young modulus high-efficiency measuring instrument as claimed in claim 2, wherein one end of the connecting rod (8) is hinged on the fine adjustment lifting platform (6), a first electromagnetic adsorption structure (13) is arranged between one end of the connecting rod (8) and the fine adjustment lifting platform (6), a second electromagnetic adsorption structure (14) is arranged between the other end of the connecting rod (8) and the carrying platform (11), and when an electrified coil in the first electromagnetic adsorption structure (13) is electrified, the connecting rod (8) can be in a horizontal state.
4. The efficient Young's modulus measuring instrument as claimed in claim 3, wherein the connecting rod (8) is a hollow tubular structure, a sliding rod is slidably connected to one end of the connecting rod (8) close to the carrier (11), the second electromagnetic absorption structure (14) is arranged between the sliding rod and the carrier (11), and a tension spring (15) for driving the sliding rod close to the connecting rod (8) is sleeved on the sliding rod.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202121203097.8U CN214952729U (en) | 2021-05-31 | 2021-05-31 | High-efficient measuring apparatu of young modulus |
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| CN202121203097.8U CN214952729U (en) | 2021-05-31 | 2021-05-31 | High-efficient measuring apparatu of young modulus |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113340742A (en) * | 2021-05-31 | 2021-09-03 | 湖北科技学院 | Young modulus measuring method |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113340742A (en) * | 2021-05-31 | 2021-09-03 | 湖北科技学院 | Young modulus measuring method |
| CN113340742B (en) * | 2021-05-31 | 2024-05-14 | 湖北科技学院 | Young modulus measuring method |
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