CN214950681U - Slag granulation and waste heat utilization system - Google Patents
Slag granulation and waste heat utilization system Download PDFInfo
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- CN214950681U CN214950681U CN202120601421.5U CN202120601421U CN214950681U CN 214950681 U CN214950681 U CN 214950681U CN 202120601421 U CN202120601421 U CN 202120601421U CN 214950681 U CN214950681 U CN 214950681U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a slag granulation and waste heat utilization system belongs to the technical field of environmental protection, and this system includes furnace, and this system still includes: the rotary granulator is arranged in the hearth; the cyclone separator is communicated with the hearth, the cyclone separator is communicated with a convection heat exchanger, and the convection heat exchanger is connected with a steam turbine generator unit; the air heat exchanger is respectively communicated with the hearth and the cyclone separator, fresh air is input into the air inlet end of the air heat exchanger, and the air outlet end of the air heat exchanger is communicated to the hearth, so that the sensible heat of molten slag is effectively utilized, and the energy waste is avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of the environmental protection, particularly, relate to a slag granulation and waste heat utilization system.
Background
Slag is a by-product in the iron and steel making process. It is composed of various oxides formed by oxidizing impurities in pig iron, such as silicon, manganese, phosphorus, sulfur, etc. in the smelting process, and salts generated by the reaction of these oxides and solvent. The slag temperature is 1400-1500 ℃, and the specific heat is as follows: 0.8-1.25 kj/(kg DEG C), namely the sensible heat per kg of slag is about: 1.08-1.69 Mj, and the sensible heat of each ton of slag is about 47kg of standard coal.
At present, most of the slag treatment modes of domestic steel manufacturers are water quenching processes (Yinba method), and the specific processes are as follows: the slag is poured into a slag runner, is subjected to shock quenching and granulation by high-pressure water, is flushed into a slag runner, then enters the rotary drum through the communicating pipe for rotary dehydration, falls onto the conveying belt at the highest point of the rotary drum, is conveyed to a finished product bin, and is dried for sale. Although the process is simple, mature and reliable, the following problems exist:
1) the sensible heat of the molten slag can not be utilized, and the sensible heat of the molten slag wasted in China every year is equivalent to 2100 ten thousand tons of standard coal according to statistics;
2) the water consumption of wet granulation is large, and the water consumption is about 1.5 tons per 1 ton of slag; the daily water consumption of a common steel plant is about 4000-;
3) the white smoke is serious and contains H2S and SO2And the gas causes pollution to the environment.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In view of this, in order to solve the above problems in the prior art, the present invention provides a slag granulation and waste heat utilization system to achieve the purposes of effectively utilizing sensible heat of slag, avoiding energy waste, having low water consumption and no white smoke emission.
The utility model discloses the technical scheme who adopts does: a slag granulation and waste heat utilization system comprises a hearth and further comprises:
the rotary granulator is arranged in the hearth;
the cyclone separator is communicated with the hearth, the cyclone separator is communicated with a convection heat exchanger, and the convection heat exchanger is connected with a steam turbine generator unit;
the air heat exchanger is respectively communicated with the hearth and the cyclone separator, fresh air is input into the air inlet end of the air heat exchanger, and the air outlet end of the air heat exchanger is communicated to the hearth.
Further, the cyclone granulator includes:
the rotary shaft is rotatably arranged in the hearth and is provided with at least one stage of rotary disc;
the annular inclined plate is arranged in the hearth, the annular inclined plate surrounds the outer part of the rotating disk, and an opening of the annular inclined plate corresponds to the upper part of the next-stage rotating disk; the rotating disc can be one-stage or multi-stage, the rotating disc throws the molten slag out at a high speed, the molten slag can be dispersed into granules and violently exchanges heat with the surrounding air in the throwing process, and the temperature of the molten slag is reduced to be changed into solid and granular so as to play roles in exchanging heat and granulating.
Further, the rotating shaft is arranged on the central axis of the hearth, and the rotating shaft is provided with a driving motor for driving the rotating shaft to rotate at a high speed so as to drive the rotating disc to rotate at a high speed through the rotating shaft.
Further, the turbo generator unit includes:
the steam turbine generator, steam inlet pipe and convection heat exchanger intercommunication are passed through to steam turbine generator's one end, and the other end is equipped with the condensation heat exchanger through going out on steam pipe and the convection heat exchanger intercommunication and the play steam pipe way, effectively utilizes the slag sensible heat, avoids the energy extravagant.
Furthermore, the exhaust port of the convection heat exchanger is connected with a smoke purifier, so that air is purified and then discharged into the atmosphere, and environmental pollution is avoided.
Furthermore, the inside of air heat exchanger has arranged the multilayer hang plate, and each layer hang plate is the staggered arrangement, forms the sediment passageway through each layer hang plate jointly, prolongs the heat transfer time of slag in the inside of air heat exchanger, fully carries out the heat transfer of melting with cold air.
Furthermore, a plurality of conical holes are formed in each inclined plate, so that countercurrent heat exchange between slag particles and air is realized.
Furthermore, a slag inlet and a slag outlet which are communicated with the slag discharge channel are respectively arranged on the air heat exchanger, and the slag inlet is respectively communicated to the hearth and the cyclone separator so as to enable solid slag cooled in the hearth and solid slag separated from the cyclone separator to fall into the air heat exchanger for heat exchange and cooling and then to be discharged.
Furthermore, the bottom of the hearth is arranged to be funnel-shaped, and the bottom of the hearth is communicated with a slag inlet of the air heat exchanger through a pipeline, so that slag in the hearth can be conveniently collected and discharged into the air heat exchanger.
The utility model has the advantages that:
1. adopt the utility model provides a slag pelletization and waste heat utilization system, this system are when the operation, and the slag that gets into furnace becomes tiny spherical granule under the effect of high-speed rotary disk, takes place violent convection heat with the air, realizes cooling rapidly, and simultaneously, the high temperature air after being heated heats steam in the boiler, promotes the steam turbine electricity generation, can effectively utilize the slag sensible heat, avoids the energy extravagant.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the slag granulation and waste heat utilization system provided by the present invention;
the drawings are labeled as follows:
1-hearth, 2-rotating disc, 3-cyclone separator, 4-convection heat exchanger, 5-air heat exchanger, 6-turbonator, 7-slag particle, 8-slag, 9-flue gas purifier, 10-purified air and 11-fresh air.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention, as generally described and illustrated in the figures herein, may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the accompanying drawings, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that, in the present invention, the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.
In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the indication of the position or the positional relationship is based on the position or the positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the position or the positional relationship that the utility model is usually placed when using, or the position or the positional relationship that the skilled person conventionally understands, or the position or the positional relationship that the utility model is usually placed when using, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but does not indicate or suggest that the indicated device or element must have a specific position, be constructed and operated in a specific position, and thus, cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one description from another, and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be further noted that unless otherwise explicitly stated or limited, the terms "disposed" and "connected" should be interpreted broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases for a person of ordinary skill in the art; the drawings in the embodiments are provided to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, not all embodiments of the present invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention, as generally described and illustrated in the figures herein, may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Example 1
In this embodiment, a slag granulation and waste heat utilization system is specifically provided, and the slag waste heat utilization system is composed of a hearth 1, a rotary granulator, a cyclone separator 3, a convection heat exchanger 4, an air heat exchanger 5, a turbo generator set, a flue gas purifier 9 and other devices, as shown in fig. 1, a dotted line is a solid phase flow, and a solid line is a gas phase flow and a liquid phase flow.
The central position of the upper part of the hearth 1 is provided with an inflow port of liquid slag 8, the inflow port is provided with a flow control device, the flow control device is an existing device, the description is omitted here, the rotary granulator is arranged in the hearth 1, and the design of the rotary granulator is as follows:
the cyclone granulator comprises a rotating shaft and an annular inclined plate, wherein the rotating shaft is rotatably arranged in the hearth 1, the annular inclined plate is arranged in the hearth 1, the rotating shaft is arranged on the central axis of the hearth 1, the rotating shaft is provided with a driving motor for driving the rotating shaft to rotate at a high speed, and the rotating shaft is driven to rotate at a high speed under the action of the driving motor. The rotating shaft is provided with at least one stage of rotating disc 2 which can be a single-stage rotating disc or two or more stages, the rotating disc 2 is arranged right below the slag 8 inflow port, and the rotating disc 2 is bowl-shaped and slightly concaved inwards. In the present embodiment, the two-stage rotating disk 2 is disposed on the rotating shaft, the annular inclined plate is disposed around the outer portion of the first-stage rotating disk (if there are multiple stages, the annular inclined plate is disposed on the outer portions of the second-stage and third-stage rotating disks), and the opening of the annular inclined plate corresponds to the upper portion of the second-stage rotating disk. When the furnace runs, high-temperature molten slag 8 firstly flows into the furnace hearth 1 through a molten slag 8 inlet at the top of the furnace hearth 1 and falls onto a first-stage rotating disc under the action of gravity, the first-stage rotating disc throws the molten slag 8 out at a high speed, the molten slag 8 can be dispersed into granules and can exchange heat with surrounding air violently in the throwing-out process, the temperature of the molten slag 8 is reduced to be changed into solid and granular, and therefore, the furnace has the granulation effect besides providing conditions for heat exchange; the second stage rotating disc and the later stages (if any) rotating discs are collected to the slag particles 7 through the annular inclined plates arranged in the hearth 1 and then continuously thrown out, and the slag particles are subjected to heat exchange with air again. Wherein each annular inclined plate has a flow guiding function so as to collect solid particles after the slag 8 is granulated and then fall onto the rotating disc 2 of the next stage.
The air is heated to become high-temperature air, the high-temperature air is radiated to release heat in the hearth 1, the high-temperature air rises to enter a convection heating surface in the convection heat exchanger 4 through the cyclone separator 3 to release heat, the cyclone separator 3 is communicated with an exhaust port of the hearth 1 through a smoke air duct, hot air after heat exchange in the hearth 1 enters the cyclone separator 3, the cyclone separator 3 is internally provided with a wear-resistant material, the hot air is mixed with molten slag 8, the hot air is separated from the molten slag 8 under the action of the cyclone separator 3, the cyclone separator 3 is communicated with the convection heat exchanger 4 through a smoke duct, so that the separated hot air enters the convection heat exchanger 4 to release heat, and the convection heat exchanger 4 is connected with a turbo generator set through a pipeline; so that the water vapor in the convection heating surface of the convection heat exchanger 4 absorbs heat to become superheated steam, the superheated steam enters a turbo generator set to generate electricity, the condensed water becomes feed water and then enters the convection heating surface to absorb heat, and the hearth 1 is communicated with the water in the convection heating surface. Specifically, the turbo generator unit mainly comprises a turbo generator 6, one end of the turbo generator 6 is communicated with the convection heat exchanger 4 through a steam inlet pipeline, the other end of the turbo generator is communicated with the convection heat exchanger 4 through a steam outlet pipeline, and a condensing heat exchanger is arranged on the steam outlet pipeline, so that condensed water is used as feed water and enters the convection heating surface again, and a circulation passage is formed. Because the temperature of the air after heat release is reduced, the air needs to be discharged into the atmosphere under the action of the fan through a flue gas purification facility, a flue gas purifier 9 is connected to the exhaust port of the convection heat exchanger 4, and the purified air 10 is discharged into the atmosphere after being purified by the flue gas purifier 9. The convection heating surface is composed of a coil pipe and a wrapping wall, which is an existing device and is not described in detail herein.
Set up into cinder notch and row's cinder notch respectively at air heat exchanger 5's both ends, wherein, advance the cinder notch respectively with furnace 1 and cyclone 3 intercommunication, for guaranteeing that furnace 1 effectively discharges its inside slag, establish the bottom of furnace 1 into leaking hopper-shaped, be convenient for collect the sediment granule, and pass through pipeline and air heat exchanger 5's the cinder notch intercommunication from furnace 1's bottom.
An air inlet end and an air outlet end are respectively arranged at two ends of the air heat exchanger 5, wherein fresh air 11 is input into the air inlet end of the air heat exchanger 5, and the air outlet end of the air heat exchanger 5 is communicated to the hearth 1. Before air enters the hearth 1, the air absorbs heat in the air heat exchanger 5, the air heat exchanger 5 comprises a shell and a plurality of layers of inclined plates arranged inside the shell, the inclined plates are arranged in a staggered mode, slag discharge channels are formed by the inclined plates, and meanwhile a plurality of conical holes are formed in the inclined plates. During operation, solid slag cooled in the hearth 1 and solid slag separated from the cyclone separator 3 have certain temperature, the solid slag falls into the air heat exchanger 5 and slides downwards through slag discharge channels formed by each layer of inclined plates, cold air passes through conical holes in the plates from bottom to top, slag particles 7 and air perform countercurrent heat exchange to ensure that the temperature of the cooled solid slag is about 50 ℃, the cooled solid slag can be sold after being aired, and meanwhile, the heated air enters the hearth 1 and performs heat exchange again with high-temperature slag. In practice, the air heat exchanger 5 is a counter-flow contact heat exchanger, the slag particles 7 flow downward along the inclined plates of each layer, and the air flows upward through the tapered holes on the inclined plates of each layer.
Based on the provided slag 8 granulation and waste heat utilization system, the working process is as follows:
the high-temperature molten slag 8 firstly flows into the hearth 1 through a molten slag 8 inlet at the top of the hearth 1 and falls onto the high-speed rotating disc 2 under the action of gravity, the molten slag 8 is thrown out at a high speed by the first-stage rotating disc, the molten slag 8 can be dispersed into particles and can exchange heat with surrounding air violently in the throwing-out process, the temperature of the molten slag 8 is reduced to be solid and granular, and the second-stage and later-stage (if any) rotating discs also collect the slag particles 7 through annular inclined plates arranged in the hearth 1 and then continuously throw out, and exchange heat with the air again;
the air is heated to become high-temperature air, and the high-temperature air radiates and releases heat in the hearth 1, rises through the cyclone separator 3 and enters the convection heating surface of the convection heat exchanger 4 to release heat, the temperature of the air after heat release is reduced, and the air is discharged into the atmosphere under the action of the fan through the flue gas purification facility; meanwhile, before the air enters the hearth 1, the air absorbs heat in the air heat exchanger 5; the solid slag cooled in the hearth 1 and the slag separated from the cyclone separator 3 have certain temperature, the slag slides downwards in a slag discharge channel formed by each layer of inclined plate, cold air passes through small holes on the plates from bottom to top, and slag particles 7 and the air perform countercurrent heat exchange to realize that the temperature of the cooled solid slag is about 50 ℃, and the cooled solid slag can be sold after being aired; the heated air enters the hearth 1 and exchanges heat with the high-temperature slag again;
on the other hand, the water vapor in the convection heating surface absorbs heat to become superheated steam, the superheated steam enters the steam turbine generator unit to generate electricity, and meanwhile, the condensed water becomes feed water and enters the convection heating surface again to absorb heat.
Based on the slag granulation and waste heat utilization system provided by this embodiment, taking 3000 tons/day of slag handling capacity as an example, the available heat is about 47.8MW, and a waste heat boiler and a steam turbine generator unit with 10% thermal efficiency are configured, so that the annual power generation income can reach about 1500 ten thousand yuan, and if there is a steam demand near a steel plant, the income for providing steam can be higher.
The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned optional embodiments, and any other products in various forms can be obtained by anyone under the teaching of the present invention, and any changes in the shape or structure thereof, all the technical solutions falling within the scope of the present invention, are within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The system comprises a hearth and is characterized by further comprising:
the rotary granulator is arranged in the hearth;
the cyclone separator is communicated with the hearth, the cyclone separator is communicated with a convection heat exchanger, and the convection heat exchanger is connected with a steam turbine generator unit;
the air heat exchanger is respectively communicated with the hearth and the cyclone separator, fresh air is input into the air inlet end of the air heat exchanger, and the air outlet end of the air heat exchanger is communicated to the hearth.
2. The slag granulation and waste heat utilization system according to claim 1, wherein the rotary granulator comprises:
the rotary shaft is rotatably arranged in the hearth and is provided with at least one stage of rotary disc;
and the annular inclined plate is arranged in the hearth, surrounds the outer part of the rotating disk, and has an opening corresponding to the upper part of the next-stage rotating disk.
3. The slag granulation and waste heat utilization system as claimed in claim 2, wherein the rotating shaft is disposed on a central axis of the furnace, and the rotating shaft is provided with a driving motor for driving the rotating shaft to rotate at a high speed.
4. The slag granulation and waste heat utilization system according to claim 1, wherein the steam turbine generator unit comprises:
and one end of the steam turbine generator is communicated with the convection heat exchanger through a steam inlet pipeline, and the other end of the steam turbine generator is communicated with the convection heat exchanger through a steam outlet pipeline and is provided with a condensation heat exchanger on the steam outlet pipeline.
5. The slag granulation and waste heat utilization system as claimed in claim 1, wherein a flue gas purifier is connected to an exhaust port of the convection heat exchanger.
6. The slag granulation and waste heat utilization system according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of layers of inclined plates are arranged inside the air heat exchanger, and are staggered, and a slag discharge channel is formed by the inclined plates.
7. The slag granulation and waste heat utilization system as claimed in claim 6, wherein each inclined plate is provided with a plurality of tapered holes.
8. The slag granulation and waste heat utilization system according to claim 6, wherein the air heat exchanger is provided with a slag inlet and a slag outlet which are respectively communicated with the slag discharge channel, and the slag inlet is respectively communicated with the furnace chamber and the cyclone separator.
9. The slag granulation and waste heat utilization system according to claim 8, wherein the bottom of the furnace is funnel-shaped, and the bottom of the furnace is communicated with the slag inlet of the air heat exchanger through a pipeline.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202120601421.5U CN214950681U (en) | 2021-03-24 | 2021-03-24 | Slag granulation and waste heat utilization system |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202120601421.5U CN214950681U (en) | 2021-03-24 | 2021-03-24 | Slag granulation and waste heat utilization system |
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| CN214950681U true CN214950681U (en) | 2021-11-30 |
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| CN202120601421.5U Active CN214950681U (en) | 2021-03-24 | 2021-03-24 | Slag granulation and waste heat utilization system |
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- 2021-03-24 CN CN202120601421.5U patent/CN214950681U/en active Active
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