CN214922322U - Stable collet chuck structure and machine tool applying same - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a lathe of stable form collet chuck structure and applied this structure belongs to the machine tool fixture field, and it includes taper shank, connecting piece, connecting rod, chuck and retaining member, the connecting piece rotates and cup joints in the taper shank tip and is used for connecting the unit head, the connecting rod is connected in the one end that the taper shank is close to the connecting piece, and the mounting groove has been seted up to the connecting rod, the chuck is worn to locate in the mounting groove, the retaining member is connected in the connecting rod and is used for tightening up the chuck. This application has and can reduce cutter overhang length, reduces the cutter and adds the vibration man-hour to improve machining precision's effect.

Description

Stable collet chuck structure and machine tool applying same

Technical Field

The application relates to the field of machine tool fixtures, in particular to a stable collet chuck structure and a machine tool applying the same.

Background

Collet chucks are a type of locking device that holds a tool or workpiece, commonly used in milling and drilling machines and machining centers. The machine tool is characterized in that a main shaft for clamping a workpiece and a tool rest for mounting a tool are usually arranged on a machine tool body of the machine tool, a power head is arranged on the tool rest, the cartridge is usually mounted on the power head of the machine tool, the tool is driven by the tool rest to move towards the workpiece, and the power head drives the tool to rotate to machine the workpiece.

In view of the above-described related art, the inventors have considered that when the collet is located far from the spindle, the tool overhang length is long, so that the tool is likely to vibrate during machining, resulting in a reduction in machining accuracy.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In order to improve the machining precision of cutter, the application provides a stable form collet chuck structure and applied this structure's lathe.

In a first aspect, the present application provides a stable collet structure, which adopts the following technical solution:

the utility model provides a stable form collet chuck structure, includes taper shank, connecting piece, connecting rod, chuck and retaining member, the connecting piece rotates to cup joint in the taper shank tip and is used for connecting the unit head, the connecting rod is connected in the one end that the taper shank is close to the connecting piece, and the connecting rod has seted up the mounting groove, the chuck is worn to locate in the mounting groove, the retaining member is connected in the connecting rod and is used for tightening up the chuck.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the taper shank is installed in the unit head, the connecting piece can be used to be fixed in the unit head with the taper shank, the mounting groove is worn to locate in to the one end of chuck, and wear to establish the cutter in the chuck, thereby tighten up the chuck through the retaining member and fix the cutter, realize the tight fixedly of clamp of cutter, the stalk portion of cutter wears to locate in chuck and taper shank this moment, it is spacing to support the cutter through taper shank and chuck, reduce the vibration in the cutter course of working, make the cutter more stable, and then can promote the machining precision.

Optionally, the connecting piece includes the go-between of being connected with the coaxial rotation of taper shank, the go-between outer wall is provided with the external screw thread of being connected with the unit head, the go-between internal diameter is greater than the taper shank external diameter, the taper shank is located the intra-annular outer wall of go-between and is provided with first butt ring, the go-between inner wall is provided with the second butt ring that corresponds with first butt ring.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when screwing up the connecting piece, the connecting piece passes through the screw thread and screws up with the unit head, and the connecting piece removes along unit head axis direction simultaneously, and second butt ring supports tightly gradually with first butt ring this moment to compress tightly the taper shank in the unit head, realize the fixed of taper shank.

Optionally, the first abutting ring is provided with a first inclined surface, the first inclined surface is gradually close to the axis of the taper shank along the direction of the power head towards the connecting rod, the second abutting ring is provided with a second inclined surface corresponding to the first inclined surface, and the second inclined surface is parallel to and abutted against the first inclined surface.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, first inclined plane is the slope setting to when screwing up the connecting piece, the connecting piece moves towards the unit head direction, thereby the extrusion of second inclined plane and first inclined plane butt, the second inclined plane produces towards the unit head direction and towards the component of unit head axis direction to first inclined plane this moment, thereby compresses tightly fixedly with the taper shank towards the unit head direction.

Optionally, the inner wall of the connecting ring is provided with a limiting ring, the limiting ring is provided with an opening into which the first abutting ring extends, the outer wall of the taper shank is provided with an annular limiting groove, the limiting ring extends into the limiting groove, and the limiting ring can move in the limiting groove along the axis of the taper shank.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, through setting up the spacing ring for in the first butt ring card income link ring, and realize spacing to first butt ring through the spacing ring, prevent that first butt ring from deviating from easily in the working process from the spacing ring, and through the spacing groove, realize the direction to the spacing ring.

Optionally, the side wall of the second abutting ring is connected with an operating nut, the inner diameter of the operating nut is larger than the outer diameter of the connecting rod, and the outer wall of the operating nut is polygonal.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when needs rotate the connecting piece, because the operation nut outer wall is the polygon to can direct action in operation nut through the spanner, through twisting operation nut, can drive the connecting piece and rotate, realize the threaded connection of connecting piece and unit head.

Optionally, the mounting groove lateral wall is conical setting, the pyramis of chuck is worn to locate in the mounting groove, the chuck is including being conical body, the body is seted up along its generating line and is had the deformation groove, the end connection that the body stretches out the mounting groove has the clamping part, the clamping part includes first butt face, retaining member threaded connection is in the connecting rod, the retaining member is provided with the second butt face that corresponds with first butt face, the second butt is exerted towards the power of chuck axis direction in the face of first butt face.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the pyramis of chuck stretches into in the mounting groove, when screwing the retaining member towards the connecting rod direction, drives the removal of second butt face towards first butt face direction and extrudees first butt face, because first butt face and second butt face are the inclined plane to tighten up first butt face towards the center through the guide effect on inclined plane, thereby can press from both sides the cutter clamp fixedly.

Optionally, the second butt surface is conical and coaxial with the retaining member, the diameter of the second butt surface gradually decreases towards the direction of keeping away from the body, the first butt surface is conical and parallel with the second butt surface.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when the clamping part of chuck stretched into the retaining member, first butt face and second butt face laminated each other to can adjust the axis of chuck to coaxial with the retaining member.

Optionally, the retaining member is the annular setting, the retaining member inner wall is provided with the snap ring, the logical groove that supplies first butt face to stretch into is seted up to the snap ring.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, first butt face passes logical groove and butt in second butt face to the border through the snap ring realizes blockking to first butt face, makes first butt face be difficult for following logical inslot and deviate from.

Optionally, the through groove and the locking piece are eccentrically arranged.

By adopting the technical scheme, the through groove and the locking piece are eccentric, so that when the first abutting surface penetrates into the through groove, the chuck needs to be inclined, the first abutting surface is gradually aligned with the second abutting surface, and when the first abutting surface and the second abutting surface are aligned and attached, the first abutting surface and the second abutting surface are in a coaxial state, so that the chuck and the locking piece are coaxial; at the moment, the through groove is eccentrically formed, when the locking piece is screwed down, the back of the first abutting surface abuts against the side wall of the clamping ring, and therefore the possibility that the chuck falls off from the through groove is reduced.

In a second aspect, the present application provides a machine tool using a collet structure, which adopts the following technical solutions:

the utility model provides an use collet chuck structure's lathe, includes the main shaft and sets up in the knife rest of main shaft one side, the unit head is installed to the knife rest, the unit head is including seting up the collar that has the internal thread, the taper shank is worn to locate in the collar, connecting piece threaded connection is in collar inner wall.

By adopting the technical scheme, when the distance between the power head and the main shaft is far, the part of the cutter which is extended out of the power head is supported and limited by the taper shank and the chuck, so that the extending length of the cutter which is extended out of the chuck is reduced, the vibration of the cutter can be effectively reduced in the machining process, and the machining precision is improved.

In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

the taper shank and the connecting rod are connected to one end of the chuck, so that the overall clamping length of the chuck to the cutter is increased, and the stability of the cutter during machining is improved;

through installing this collet chuck structure in the lathe for cutter overhang length reduces, and then has promoted the machining precision of lathe.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a collet construction of an embodiment of the present application.

FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of a collet structure of an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the spindle and the tool holder according to the embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 4 is an enlarged schematic view of a portion a of fig. 3.

Description of reference numerals: 1. a taper shank; 2. a connecting member; 3. a connecting rod; 4. a chuck; 5. a locking member; 6. mounting grooves; 7. a connecting ring; 8. a first abutment ring; 9. a second abutment ring; 10. a first inclined plane; 11. a second inclined plane; 12. a limiting ring; 13. an opening; 14. a limiting groove; 15. operating the nut; 16. a body; 17. a deformation groove; 18. a clamping portion; 19. a first abutting surface; 20. a second abutting surface; 21. a snap ring; 22. a through groove; 23. a main shaft; 24. a tool holder; 25. a power head; 26. a mounting ring; 27. and (4) locking the ring.

Detailed Description

The present application is described in further detail below with reference to figures 1-4.

The embodiment of the application discloses stable form collet chuck structure. Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the structure includes a conical taper shank 1, a connecting rod 3 integrally connected to the large diameter end of the taper shank 1, and a chuck 4 arranged in the connecting rod 3, wherein the connecting rod 3 is cylindrical, the taper shank 1, the connecting rod 3 and the chuck 4 are coaxial and are provided with a through channel along the axes of the three, and the cutter is arranged in the channel in a penetrating manner. The structure also comprises a connecting piece 2 connected to the large-diameter end of the taper shank 1 and a locking piece 5 connected to the end of the connecting rod 3, wherein the connecting piece 2 is used for fixing the taper shank 1 to the mounting part of the machine tool, and the locking piece 5 is used for connecting the chuck 4 to the connecting rod 3.

Referring to fig. 1, the connecting piece 2 comprises a connecting ring 7 coaxially sleeved on the taper shank 1, and the outer wall of the connecting ring 7 is provided with an external thread which can be matched with an internal thread of a machine tool mounting part, so that the taper shank 1 is fixed on a machine tool; a first abutting ring 8 is arranged on the side wall of the taper shank 1 located in the connecting ring 7, the first abutting ring 8 comprises a first inclined surface 10, a second abutting ring 9 is arranged on the inner wall of the connecting ring 7, the second abutting ring 9 comprises a second inclined surface 11, the second inclined surface 11 is used for abutting against the first inclined surface 10, and the first abutting ring 8 and the second abutting ring 9 can be in any shape. In the present embodiment, preferably, the first inclined surface 10 is provided in a conical shape, the inclined direction of the first inclined surface 10 is opposite to the inclined direction of the taper shank 1, that is, the diameter of the first inclined surface 10 gradually decreases from the taper shank 1 toward the connecting rod 3, and the second inclined surface 11 is provided in a conical shape and is parallel to the first inclined surface 10, so that when the connecting ring 7 is screwed toward the taper shank 1, the taper shank 1 is pressed against the mounting portion of the machine tool by the pressing of the second inclined surface 11 against the first inclined surface 10.

As shown in fig. 1, a limiting ring 12 is further disposed on the inner wall of the connecting ring 7, the inner diameter of the limiting ring 12 is smaller than the inner diameter of the connecting ring 7, an opening 13 is opened on the limiting ring 12, and the diameter of the opening 13 is larger than the maximum diameter of the first abutting ring 8, so that the first abutting ring 8 can penetrate through the opening 13. In order to prevent the first abutting ring 8 from easily coming off from the opening 13, the opening 13 and the connecting ring 7 are eccentrically arranged, a limiting groove 14 is arranged at a position of the side wall of the taper shank 1 corresponding to the limiting ring 12, and the edge of the limiting ring 12 extends into the limiting groove 14 and is limited by the limiting groove 14. When the first abutting ring 8 is inserted into the opening 13, the first abutting ring 8 is slightly inclined and inserted into the opening 13, when the first inclined surface 10 and the second inclined surface 11 abut against each other, the axis of the taper shank 1 can be gradually adjusted to be coaxial with the connecting ring 7, and at the moment, the edge of the limiting ring 12 is inserted into the limiting groove 14. In addition, for the convenience of installation, an installation gap is reserved on the inner wall of the connecting ring 7, the width of the limiting groove 14 in the axial direction is larger than that of the limiting ring 12, so that relative floating can occur between the connecting ring 7 and the taper shank 1 during installation, and the taper shank 1 and the connecting ring 7 are coaxial through the matching of the second inclined surface 11 and the first inclined surface 10 after installation is completed.

As shown in fig. 1, when installing taper shank 1 to the lathe, go-between 7 need twist completely in the installation department of lathe, for convenient the twisting, be connected with operating nut 15 at the lateral wall an organic whole of second butt ring 9, operating nut 15 is coaxial and empty cover on connecting rod 3 with go-between 7, operating nut 15's internal diameter is greater than the external diameter of connecting rod 3 to make things convenient for penetrating of connecting rod 3, operating nut 15's outer wall is the polygon setting, thereby available spanner carries out the joint to it and twists, convenient operation.

As shown in fig. 2, connecting rod 3 has seted up conical mounting groove 6, and the diameter of mounting groove 6 is crescent to retaining member 5 direction by connecting piece 2, chuck 4 is including being conical body 16 and connecting the clamping part 18 at body 16 tip, body 16 partially wears to locate in mounting groove 6, a plurality of deformation grooves 17 have been seted up along its generating line on body 16, deformation groove 17 extends to clamping part 18 and runs through with the terminal surface of clamping part 18, clamping part 18 extends to the mounting groove 6 outside, make clamping part 18 of chuck 4 have certain deformability, thereby can realize pressing from both sides tightly or relaxing the work piece.

As shown in fig. 2, an external thread is provided on the outer wall of the tie rod 3, the locking member 5 includes a locking ring 27, the locking ring 27 is connected to the external thread on the tie rod 3 through an internal thread, and the locking ring 27 is coaxial with both the tie rod 3 and the collet 4. In order to tighten or loosen the chuck 4, a first abutting surface 19 is provided on the clamping portion 18, a second abutting surface 20 corresponding to the first abutting surface 19 is integrally connected to the clamp ring 27, the first abutting surface 19 has a conical shape, the inclination direction of the first abutting surface is opposite to the inclination direction of the body 16, the second abutting surface 20 has a conical shape, the second abutting surface 20 is coaxial with the clamp ring 27, the diameter of the second abutting surface 20 is gradually reduced in a direction away from the body 16, the first abutting surface 19 is parallel to the second abutting surface 20, when the clamp ring 27 is tightened in a direction toward the connecting rod 3, the second abutting surface 20 presses the first abutting surface 19 to tighten the first abutting surface 19 toward the middle, and the tool is inserted into the middle of the chuck 4, so that the tool is clamped by the tightening of the first abutting surface 19.

As shown in fig. 2, a snap ring 21 is further integrally connected to an inner wall of the connection ring 7, an inner diameter of the snap ring 21 is smaller than an inner diameter of the connection ring 7, a through groove 22 through which the clamping portion 18 passes is formed in the snap ring 21, and a diameter of the through groove 22 is larger than a maximum diameter of the first abutting surface 19, so that the first abutting surface 19 can pass through the through groove 22. In order to prevent the first abutting surface 19 from easily coming off the through groove 22, the through groove 22 and the locking ring 27 are eccentrically arranged, a clamping groove is arranged at a position of the side wall of the body 16 corresponding to the clamping ring 21, and the edge of the clamping ring 21 extends into the clamping groove and is limited by the clamping groove. When the first abutting surface 19 is inserted into the through groove 22, the first abutting surface 19 is slightly inclined and inserted into the through groove 22, and when the first abutting surface 19 and the second abutting surface 20 abut against each other, the axis of the chuck 4 can be gradually adjusted to be coaxial with the securing ring 27, and at this time, the edge of the securing ring 21 is inserted into the engaging groove. In addition, for the convenience of installation, an installation gap is reserved on the inner wall of the locking ring 27, and the width of the clamping groove along the axial direction is larger than that of the clamping ring 21, so that the locking ring 27 and the chuck 4 can float relatively during installation, and the chuck 4 and the locking ring 27 are coaxial through the matching of the second abutting surface 20 and the first abutting surface 19 during installation.

The embodiment of the application simultaneously provides a lathe that uses collet chuck structure, refer to fig. 3 and 4, this lathe still includes main shaft 23 that sets up in the lathe bed and sets up the knife rest 24 in main shaft 23 one side, main shaft 23 sets up in the headstock of lathe and by the motor drive in the headstock, knife rest 24 installs on the lathe bed, still installs the unit head 25 on knife rest 24, and it is including seting up female screw thread collar 26, and taper shank 1 wears to locate in collar 26, and connecting piece 2 threaded connection is in collar 26 inner wall. And the powerhead 25 herein may be a model ER25 powerhead available from linger.

The implementation principle of the embodiment of the application is as follows: firstly wear to locate in the collar 26 of unit head 25 with taper shank 1 part, later twist and move operating nut 15, drive go-between 7 and rotate and with unit head 25 threaded connection, paste tightly through second butt ring 9 to first butt ring 8 and align this moment, make taper shank 1 coaxial with unit head 25, later wear to locate taper shank 1 with the cutter, in the passageway that connecting rod 3 and chuck 4 formed, screw up retaining member 5, extrude first butt face 19 through second butt face 20, tighten up chuck 4, it is fixed to realize the centre gripping of cutter. At the moment, most of the overhanging part of the cutter is positioned in the chuck 4 and the taper shank 1, so that the vibration can be reduced in the processing process, and the processing precision is improved.

The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited by the above embodiments, so: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the present application shall be covered by the protection scope of the present application.

Claims (10)

1. A stable form collet chuck structure which characterized in that: including taper shank (1), connecting piece (2), connecting rod (3), chuck (4) and retaining member (5), connecting piece (2) rotate cup joint in taper shank (1) tip and are used for connecting unit head (25), connecting rod (3) are connected in the one end that taper shank (1) is close to connecting piece (2), and connecting rod (3) have seted up mounting groove (6), mounting groove (6) are worn to locate in chuck (4), retaining member (5) are connected in connecting rod (3) and are used for tightening up chuck (4).

2. The stable collet construction of claim 1, wherein: connecting piece (2) include go-between (7) of being connected with taper shank (1) coaxial rotation, go-between (7) outer wall is provided with the external screw thread of being connected with unit head (25), go-between (7) internal diameter is greater than taper shank (1) external diameter, the outer wall that taper shank (1) is located go-between (7) is provided with first butt ring (8), go-between (7) inner wall is provided with second butt ring (9) that correspond with first butt ring (8).

3. The stable collet construction of claim 2, wherein: first butt ring (8) are provided with first inclined plane (10), first inclined plane (10) are close to taper shank (1) axis along unit head (25) towards the direction of connecting rod (3) gradually, second butt ring (9) are provided with second inclined plane (11) that correspond with first inclined plane (10), second inclined plane (11) are parallel and the butt with first inclined plane (10).

4. The stable collet construction of claim 2, wherein: the inner wall of the connecting ring (7) is provided with a limiting ring (12), the limiting ring (12) is provided with an opening (13) for the first abutting ring (8) to extend into, the outer wall of the taper shank (1) is provided with an annular limiting groove (14), the limiting ring (12) extends into the limiting groove (14), and the limiting ring (12) can move along the axis of the taper shank (1) in the limiting groove (14).

5. The stable collet construction of claim 2, wherein: the side wall of the second abutting ring (9) is connected with an operating nut (15), the inner diameter of the operating nut (15) is larger than the outer diameter of the connecting rod (3), and the outer wall of the operating nut (15) is polygonal.

6. The stable collet construction of claim 1, wherein: the mounting groove (6) lateral wall is conical setting, the pyramis of chuck (4) is worn to locate in mounting groove (6), chuck (4) are including being conical body (16), body (16) are seted up along its generating line and are become groove (17), the end connection that body (16) stretches out mounting groove (6) has clamping part (18), clamping part (18) are including first butt face (19), retaining member (5) threaded connection is in connecting rod (3), retaining member (5) are provided with second butt face (20) that correspond with first butt face (19), second butt face (20) are exerted towards chuck (4) axis direction's power to first butt face (19).

7. The stable collet construction of claim 6, wherein: the second abutting surface (20) is conical and coaxial with the locking piece (5), the diameter of the second abutting surface (20) is gradually reduced towards the direction away from the body (16), and the first abutting surface (19) is conical and parallel to the second abutting surface (20).

8. The stable collet construction of claim 6, wherein: retaining member (5) are the annular setting, retaining member (5) inner wall is provided with snap ring (21), logical groove (22) that confession first butt face (19) stretched into are seted up in snap ring (21).

9. The stable collet construction of claim 8, wherein: the through groove (22) and the locking piece (5) are eccentrically arranged.

10. A machine tool employing the collet construction of any of claims 1-9, wherein: including main shaft (23) and set up in knife rest (24) of main shaft (23) one side, unit head (25) are installed in knife rest (24), unit head (25) are including seting up interior threaded collar (26), taper shank (1) is worn to locate in collar (26), connecting piece (2) threaded connection is in collar (26) inner wall.

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