CN214894733U - Soil gas resistance measuring system - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a soil gas resistance measurement system is applied to agricultural hydraulic engineering soil air resistance research field, and this system includes Ma shi bottle, weighing sensor, earth pillar, differential pressure gauge, weighing sensor paperless record appearance, air resistance paperless record appearance etc. and wherein, Ma shi bottle supplies water to the earth pillar according to predetermined flood peak, and the earth pillar is inside from bottom to top the layering is filled with experimental soil, and the pipe wall of earth pillar is provided with a plurality of pressure-measuring pipes from bottom to top, the pressure-measuring pipe is in soil air resistance measuring point is in position in the earth pillar and the predetermined test scheme position one-to-one in the earth pillar. The utility model discloses a be connected a plurality of differential pressure meters and a plurality of pressure-measuring pipe one by one, can record the air resistance pressure data of the test soil of a plurality of pressure-measuring pipe corresponding position departments on the earth pillar simultaneously, have degree of automation height, the little characteristics of data sampling time interval; a plurality of differential pressure meters are connected with the same air resistance paperless recorder, so that automatic recording of multi-path air resistance pressure data can be realized.

Description

Soil gas resistance measuring system

Technical Field

The utility model relates to an agricultural hydraulic engineering soil air resistance research field, concretely relates to soil gas resistance measurement system.

Background

The natural soil is composed of solid, liquid and gas, and under the condition of rainfall or irrigation, the change of air and moisture in the soil is a game process. When moisture enters the soil, part of air is confined in the soil, under the condition of large water flood irrigation, the gas in the soil cannot be discharged in time or is slowly discharged due to surface water accumulation, the moisture entering tends to occupy the space occupied by the soil air, and the part of air confined in the soil is squeezed by the moisture to generate a reaction force (gas resistance) to hinder the infiltration of the moisture. The rainstorm is characterized in that the rainstorm strength is high in the rainstorm period, air resistance hinders water infiltration, rainfall hardly infiltrates into soil, and the runoff or erosion amount of the rainstorm is increased. The shape of water entering the soil and the speed of infiltration are the depth h of water accumulation₀(water-pandingdepth), suction force of intake air h_we(water-entry value) and gas resistance h_af(air pressure) result of the combined action. When h is generated₀-h_we-h_af<0 hour waterThe water enters the soil in a non-steady-state flow infiltration mode, and conversely, the water enters the soil in a steady-state flow infiltration mode. Neglecting the effect of gas resistance on water infiltration can lead to inaccurate simulation of the hydrographic process. Therefore, the study of the distribution of the soil gas resistance in space and time is a prerequisite for the study of the movement of the moisture soil in the soil.

At present, a communicating vessel hydraulic pipe pressure measurement method, a tensiometer pressure measurement method, a pointer pressure gauge pressure measurement method and the like are mainly adopted for measuring the soil gas resistance, however, no matter the communicating vessel hydraulic pipe pressure measurement method, the tensiometer pressure measurement method or the pointer pressure gauge pressure measurement method is adopted, the measurement error caused by visual reading is large, manual reading is needed in the three methods, and no matter the reading or electronic arrangement of the data is adopted, the consumption of manpower and time cost is large. Meanwhile, due to manual reading, the data sampling time interval is large (short is several minutes, long is tens of minutes or hours), the data acquisition cannot be monitored in real time, and due to the large sampling time step length, the acquired data cannot truly reflect the change process of the soil air resistance, and key data of sudden change of the air resistance can be omitted.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model provides a soil gas resistance measurement system to overcome above-mentioned technical problem, in addition, this system can also satisfy the requirement of long-time measurement multichannel air resistance pressure data.

In order to solve the problem, the utility model discloses a soil gas resistance measurement system, include:

the Mariotte bottle is connected with the earth pillar and used for supplying water to the earth pillar according to a preset water head;

the weighing sensor is used for metering the mass data of the Mariotte bottle;

the soil column is filled with test soil from bottom to top in a layered mode, the pipe wall of the soil column is provided with a plurality of pressure measuring pipes from bottom to top, and the positions of the pressure measuring pipes in the soil column correspond to the positions of soil air resistance measuring points in the soil column in a preset test scheme one by one;

the differential pressure meters are connected with the pressure measuring pipes and used for measuring air resistance pressure data of the test soil at the corresponding positions of the pressure measuring pipes, and the differential pressure meters correspond to the pressure measuring pipes in number one to one;

the weighing sensor paperless recorder is connected with the weighing sensor and used for recording the mass change data of the Mariotte bottle based on the mass data transmitted by the weighing sensor;

and the air resistance paperless recorder is connected with at least one differential pressure gauge and is used for recording air resistance pressure data transmitted by the differential pressure gauge connected with the air resistance paperless recorder.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the present invention further includes:

the rectifier-transformer is respectively connected with an alternating current power supply and at least one differential pressure gauge and is used for converting alternating current into direct current required by the differential pressure gauge; wherein, the alternating current power supply is commercial power or a standby power supply.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the present invention further includes:

the real-time data display is respectively connected with the weighing sensor paperless recorder and the air resistance paperless recorder and is used for displaying the mass change data transmitted by the weighing sensor paperless recorder and the air resistance pressure data transmitted by the air resistance paperless recorder;

and/or the data memory is respectively connected with the weighing sensor paperless recorder and the air resistance paperless recorder and is used for storing the mass change data and the air resistance pressure data.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the pressure measuring tube includes a pressure measuring hard tube and a pressure measuring hose, one end of the pressure measuring hard tube is communicated and fixed with the wall of the soil column, the other end of the pressure measuring hard tube is connected with one end of the pressure measuring hose, and the other end of the pressure measuring hose is connected with the differential pressure gauge;

and the aperture of the pressure measuring hard tube is reduced towards the direction far away from the wall of the soil column.

The utility model relates to an embodiment, the intussuseption of pressure measurement hard tube packs ventilative waterproof filler material.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the rectifier-transformer includes:

the positive and negative electrodes of each power supply wiring terminal are respectively and correspondingly connected with the positive and negative electrodes of one differential pressure gauge;

the alternating current wiring terminal is connected with the alternating current power supply and used for providing alternating current;

the direct current wiring terminal is connected with the multi-path power supply wiring terminal and is used for providing rated voltage of direct current required by the differential pressure gauge;

the rectifier-transformer body is connected with the alternating current wiring terminal and the direct current wiring terminal and used for converting alternating current into direct current;

and the voltage regulating switch is connected with the rectifier-transformer body and is used for regulating the rated voltage.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the air-resistance paperless recorder includes:

each air resistance signal input terminal is connected with one differential pressure meter;

the display panel is used for displaying the multi-path air resistance pressure data;

and the data output interface is connected with the real-time data display or the data storage.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the present invention further includes:

the support comprises a vertical rod, a bearing flat plate and a Mariotte bottle clamping groove, and the vertical rod and the bearing flat plate are vertically fixed; wherein the content of the first and second substances,

the Mahalanobis bottle clamping groove and the weighing sensor paperless recorder are arranged on the vertical rod;

the weighing sensor is arranged in the March bottle clamping groove, and the March bottle is placed in the March bottle clamping groove and is positioned on the weighing sensor;

the earth pillar is placed on the bearing flat plate.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the mahalanobis bottle includes:

the Martensitic bottle comprises a Martensitic bottle body, a bottle opening and a bottle neck, wherein the Martensitic bottle body is provided with the bottle opening;

the elastic sealing plug is arranged in the bottle opening and has radial pressure on the bottle opening;

the upper end of the air inlet thin tube is provided with an air inlet, the lower end of the air inlet thin tube is provided with an air outlet, the end surface of the elastic sealing plug is penetrated in the March's bottle body, and the air inlet is communicated with the inner cavity of the March's bottle body;

and the water outlet valve is communicated with a water inlet at the upper end of the soil column.

The utility model discloses a following advantage:

in the utility model, the March's bottle supplies water to the earth pillar according to the preset water head, in the water supply process, the mass data of the March's bottle is measured by adopting the weighing sensor, the mass change data of the March's bottle is recorded by the weighing sensor paperless recorder based on the mass data transmitted by the weighing sensor, and simultaneously, the soil air resistance test is carried out on the test soil in the earth pillar; according to a preset test scheme, filling test soil in a soil column from bottom to top in a layering manner in advance, wherein the pipe wall of the soil column is provided with a plurality of pressure measuring pipes from bottom to top, and the positions of the pressure measuring pipes in the soil column correspond to the positions of soil air resistance measuring points in the soil column in the preset test scheme one by one; the pressure gauges are connected with the pressure measuring pipes one by one, so that the air resistance pressure data of the test soil at the corresponding positions of the pressure measuring pipes on the soil column can be measured simultaneously in the soil air resistance test process, and the soil air resistance test device has the characteristics of high automation degree and small data sampling time interval; then, the air resistance pressure data measured by the multiple differential pressure meters are transmitted to the same air resistance paperless recorder for recording, so that automatic recording of the multi-path air resistance pressure data can be realized, and the problems of overlarge labor and time cost consumption and the like caused by manual reading in the prior art are solved;

the utility model discloses be connected a plurality of differential gauges with same rectifier-transformer, rectifier-transformer is connected with commercial power or stand-by power supply, with this rectifier-transformer can convert the alternating current into the required direct current of differential gauge, satisfies the power supply demand of a plurality of differential gauges in the soil air resistance test simultaneously, ensures the long-time continuous development of soil air resistance test;

the utility model discloses a be connected weighing sensor paperless record appearance and air resistance paperless record appearance with the real-time data display simultaneously, can show air resistance pressure data and quality change data on same screen in real time in soil air resistance test process, the moisture infiltration and the air resistance pressure condition of soil are known at any time to the tester of being convenient for, compare the mode of directly connecting the differential pressure gauge with the computer, have reduced the requirement to computer performance, quantity to this has reduced the quantity of computer and has reduced the risk that the data transmission signal interrupts;

the utility model discloses a be connected weighing sensor paperless record appearance and air resistance paperless record appearance with data memory simultaneously, can realize the real-time save to data, the loss of data when also can avoiding the outage can also effectively reduce the storage pressure of weighing sensor paperless record appearance and air resistance paperless record appearance in long-time test process.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention or the prior art, the following embodiments are provided

Examples or drawings needed for the description of the prior art are briefly described, it is to be understood that the drawings in the following description are merely examples of the present invention, and that other drawings may be derived from those drawings by one of ordinary skill in the art without inventive step.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a soil gas resistance measurement system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of an exemplary column of the present invention;

fig. 3a is a schematic structural view of a pressure measuring hard tube according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 3b is a schematic structural view of a pressure measuring hose according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic view of the marquise bottle mounted on the support according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 5a is a schematic structural diagram of a front surface of a weighing sensor paperless recorder according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 5b is a schematic structural view of the back side of the paperless recorder of the weighing sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a differential pressure gauge according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 7a is a schematic structural view of the front side of the air-resistance paperless recorder according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 7b is a schematic structural view of the back of the air-resistance paperless recorder according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a rectifier-transformer according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of an electrical network of a soil gas resistance measurement system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of a real-time pressure image of air resistance pressure data according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Description of reference numerals:

1-a mahalanobis bottle; 2-earth pillar, 201-water supply pipe; 3-a weighing sensor; 4-pressure measuring pipe, 401-pressure measuring hard pipe and 402-pressure measuring hose; 5-differential pressure gauge; 6-weighing sensor paperless recorder, 601-angle adjusting rod; 7-air resistance paperless recorder, 701-air resistance signal input terminal, 702-display panel, 703-data output interface; 8-rectifier-transformer, 801-power supply terminal, 802-alternating current terminal, 803-direct current terminal and 804-voltage regulating switch; 9-real-time data display; 10-a data memory; 11-a vertical rod; 12-a load-bearing plate; 13-March's bottle neck.

Detailed Description

The technical solution of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments, not all embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

To the technical problem that present soil gas resistance research exists, refer to fig. 1, show the utility model relates to an embodiment soil gas resistance measurement system's schematic structure, this soil gas resistance measurement system includes:

the March's bottle 1 is connected with the earth pillar 2 and used for supplying water to the earth pillar 2 according to a preset water head;

the weighing sensor 3 is used for measuring the mass data of the Mariotte bottle 1;

the soil column 2 is filled with test soil from bottom to top in a layered mode, the pipe wall of the soil column 2 is provided with a plurality of pressure measuring pipes 4 from bottom to top, and the positions of the pressure measuring pipes 4 in the soil column 2 correspond to the positions of soil air resistance measuring points in the soil column 2 in a preset test scheme one by one;

the differential pressure meters 5 are connected with the pressure measuring pipes 4 and used for measuring air resistance pressure data of the test soil at the corresponding positions of the pressure measuring pipes 4, and the differential pressure meters 5 correspond to the pressure measuring pipes 4 in number one by one;

the weighing sensor paperless recorder 6 is connected with the weighing sensor 3 and used for recording the mass change data of the Mariotte bottle 1 based on the mass data transmitted by the weighing sensor 3;

and the air resistance paperless recorder 7 is connected with at least one differential pressure gauge 5 and is used for recording air resistance pressure data transmitted by the differential pressure gauge 5 connected with the air resistance paperless recorder.

The Mariotte bottle 1 is a device which is based on the principle of a communicating vessel, enables the internal pressure and the external pressure of a container to be consistent, and accordingly realizes the constant water head and automatic water replenishing in the Mariotte bottle 1. Specifically, the mahalanobis bottle 1 may include: a March's bottle body (not marked in the figure) provided with a bottle mouth; an elastic sealing plug (not marked in the figure) which is arranged in the bottle mouth and has radial pressure on the bottle mouth; the air inlet thin tube (not marked in the figure) is provided with an air inlet at the upper end and an air outlet at the lower end, the end surface penetrating through the elastic sealing plug is arranged in the March's bottle body, and the air inlet is communicated with the inner cavity of the March's bottle body; and the water outlet valve (not marked in the figure) is communicated with a water inlet at the upper end of the soil column 2. The utility model discloses in, through the height of adjusting the gas outlet, through pulling the tubule that admits air from top to bottom promptly, can realize the regulation of moisture infiltration flood peak for mah-jong bottle 1 can supply water to earth pillar 2 according to predetermined flood peak. For how to adjust the infiltration water head between the marquise's bottle 1 and the earth pillar 2, reference can be made to the prior art, and details are not repeated here.

Certainly, the moisture infiltration experiment that contains the chemical substance to developing the solution has the advantage of stirring, prevents that the material (like the salinity) in the high concentration solution from subsiding in the bottom of mah-jong bottle 1, the utility model discloses when concrete implementation, also can be at this internal porous ventilative subassembly (not shown in the figure) that sets up of mah-jong bottle, this porous ventilative subassembly can be for the porous flat board of giving vent to anger or have the metal piece of giving vent to anger of a plurality of ventholes. It should be noted that, when the porous air-permeable component is a porous air-outlet flat plate, the air inlet tubule of the utility model should be a rigid pipe; when the porous ventilation component is a metal air outlet block, the air inlet thin tube comprises two sections, namely an air inlet hard tube and an air inlet hose which are connected with each other, wherein the air inlet hard tube is connected with the elastic sealing plug, the air inlet hose is connected with the metal air outlet block, and a magnet used for moving the metal air outlet block is arranged outside the March's bottle body in a matched manner. The structure about porous flat board and the metal play gas piece of giving vent to anger to and its supporting flood peak separately adjusts the principle, can refer to prior art, the utility model discloses do not do here and describe repeatedly.

The earth pillar 2 can be an organic glass earth pillar 2, so that the change of a wetting peak in the earth pillar 2 can be observed conveniently. According to a preset test scheme, test soil is filled in the soil column 2 from bottom to top in a layered mode, and in the same soil air resistance test, the test soil in different layers filled in the soil column can be completely the same or different. When the test soil filled in the soil column is completely the same, a soil air resistance test under the condition of homogeneous soil can be carried out; when the test soil filled in the soil column is different, the test soil filled in different layers can have different physical conditions, for example, the test soil filled in different physical conditions such as volume weight, initial water content, soil texture and the like can be filled in different layers, so that the soil air resistance test can be carried out on the test soil with different physical conditions.

The utility model discloses in, earth pillar 2 is provided with a plurality of pressure-measuring pipes 4 along vertical direction from bottom to top, and every pressure-measuring pipe 4 all communicates with each other with earth pillar 2 is inside. Specifically, a plurality of small holes (not shown) are formed in the soil column 2 from bottom to top in the vertical direction, gaps are formed between the adjacent small holes, and the pressure measuring pipe 4 can be inserted into the small holes to measure the air resistance pressure of the test soil in the soil column 2. The pressure measuring pipe 4 should be fixed with the hole wall of the small hole to ensure the air tightness in the installation process. The position of the pressure measuring pipe 4 in the soil column 2 corresponds to the position of a soil air resistance measuring point in the soil column 2 in a preset test scheme one by one so as to measure air resistance pressure data of corresponding test soil under a preset water head. The utility model discloses in, soil air-resistor measuring point indicates the partial aperture on earth pillar 2 at least, promptly in the test scheme of predetermineeing, can appoint every aperture on the earth pillar 2 and be a soil air-resistor measuring point, also can appoint the continuous aperture of part on the earth pillar 2 into soil air-resistor measuring point, of course, also can be according to the thickness of the soil of loading, appoints specific aperture and be soil air-resistor measuring point. In the soil air resistance test, the small holes which are not designated as the soil air resistance measuring points are blocked by sealing plugs. Referring to fig. 2, a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention is shown in the soil column 2.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the pressure measuring tube 4 includes a pressure measuring hard tube 401 and a pressure measuring hose 402, one end of the pressure measuring hard tube 401 is connected and fixed with the wall of the soil column 2, the other end is connected with one end of the pressure measuring hose 402, and the other end of the pressure measuring hose 402 is connected with the differential pressure gauge 5; wherein the aperture of the pressure measuring hard tube 401 is reduced towards the direction far away from the tube wall of the earth pillar 2. The utility model discloses design pressure measurement hard tube 401 for the structure that an aperture one end is big, the other end is little, be connected the thicker one end of pressure measurement hard tube 401 pipe diameter with the aperture of earth pillar 2, can improve the fastening nature of both connections. Because after soil saturation, if pressure measurement hose 402 is flagging, the free water in the saturated layer soil can get into pressure measurement hose 402, and the air resistance pressure that records at this moment is water pressure + air resistance pressure in fact, and air resistance pressure this moment is greater than actual air resistance pressure, consequently, for avoiding the free water to get into the problem that pressure measurement hose 402 leads to the data distortion, the utility model discloses a must fill in the pressure measurement hard tube 401 and have ventilative waterproof filling material. The filling material can be an ultra-filtration membrane or a nano-filtration membrane with extremely high osmotic resistance. The pressure measurement hard tube 401 can be an organic glass tube, and is fixed with the wall of the soil column 2 through two-liquid mixed hardened glue (AB glue) or hot melt glue, and the joint of the pressure measurement hard tube 401 and the pressure measurement hose 402 can also be fixed through the AB glue or the hot melt glue. Referring to fig. 3a and 3b, a schematic structural diagram of a pressure measuring hard tube according to an embodiment of the present invention and a schematic structural diagram of a pressure measuring hose according to an embodiment of the present invention are respectively shown.

In order to facilitate the development of the soil air resistance test, the system of the utility model also comprises a bracket, the bracket comprises a vertical rod 11, a bearing flat plate 12 and a Mariotte bottle clamping groove 13, and the vertical rod 11 and the bearing flat plate 12 are vertically fixed; the Mariotte bottle clamping groove 13 and the weighing sensor paperless recorder 6 are arranged on the vertical rod 11, the weighing sensor 3 is arranged in the Mariotte bottle clamping groove 13, and the Mariotte bottle 1 is placed in the Mariotte bottle clamping groove 13 and is positioned on the weighing sensor 3; the earth pillar 2 is placed on the bearing flat plate 12, and a water inlet at the upper end of the earth pillar 2 is communicated with a water outlet valve on the Ma bottle 1 through a water supply pipe 201. Referring to fig. 4, an embodiment of the present invention shows a structural schematic diagram of the mahalanobis bottle 1 mounted on the bracket. The structure schematic diagram of the earth pillar 2 and the Mariotte bottle 1 is shown in figure 1 after being installed on the bracket. Wherein, be provided with the handle on the montant, the bearing flat plate 12 bottom is provided with the universal wheel to promote the support and remove, develop the experiment anytime and anywhere.

Since the mahalanobis bottle 1 is a device based on the principle of a communicating vessel for automatically replenishing water to the earth pillar 2, as the water in the mahalanobis bottle 1 flows into the earth pillar 2 through the water supply pipe 201, the mass of the mahalanobis bottle 1 is reduced to be equal to the mass of the earth pillar 2. The utility model can realize the weighing of the Ma's bottle 1 by installing the weighing sensor 3 in the groove 13 of the Ma's bottle; the weighing sensor 3 transmits the collected mass data to the weighing sensor paperless recorder 6 in real time, so that the weighing sensor paperless recorder 6 can determine the mass of the Mariotte bottle 1 reduced due to water level change based on the mass data transmitted by the weighing sensor 3 at different time, and record the mass change data, thereby realizing real-time monitoring and automatic recording of the water flow of the Mariotte bottle 1; compared with the prior art, the water outlet flow rate recording device has the advantages that the labor is effectively saved, and the water outlet flow rate of the Ma bottle 1 can be completely and accurately recorded.

Specifically, weighing sensor 3 includes tray panel, signal line, and when weighing sensor 3 installed bottom in mah-jong bottle draw-in groove 13, can open a through wires hole on mah-jong bottle draw-in groove 13, passes the through wires hole with the signal line and is connected with weighing sensor paperless record appearance 6 on montant 11.

The front surface of the weighing sensor paperless recorder 6 is provided with a digital input panel, a digital output panel and function keys, and the back surface is provided with a power supply jack and/or a power supply bin. Referring to fig. 5a, showing the positive schematic structure of weighing sensor paperless recorder 6 in an embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 5b, showing the schematic structure of the back of weighing sensor paperless recorder 6 in an embodiment of the present invention. The digital input panel is used for setting time, date and parameters (such as measuring range, correction coefficient, sampling interval, file name and the like) corresponding to the function keys by a user; the digital output panel is used for displaying the quality change data of the Mariotte 1 for the real-time observation of a user; the function keys comprise sampling intervals, correction coefficients, data formats and keys for data storage. For example, by operating the function key of "sampling interval", the user can reasonably set the data sampling interval according to the test time period, such as 1s, 2s, 5s, 10s, 20s, 30s, 1min, etc.; the user can find out a reasonable proportional relation by operating the function key of 'correction coefficient' to correct the data; the user can select the default saved data format, such as Txt or Excel format, by operating the function key of "data format"; the user can read the test data through the data output interface on the weighing sensor paperless recorder 6 by the function key of 'data storage'. The power supply jack can be connected with a mains supply through a power line and is used for providing a long-time stable power supply for the weighing sensor paperless recorder 6. The power supply bin is used for installing a rechargeable storage battery or a disposable battery, and is convenient for outdoor use of users. In practice, the user may choose to have the portable battery powered for short-term tests and the power jack for long-term tests. Optionally, as shown in fig. 5a and 5b, an angle adjusting rod 601 is further disposed on the load cell paperless recorder 6, one end of the angle adjusting rod 601 is fixed to the vertical rod 11, and the other end is hinged to the back of the load cell paperless recorder 6. The user can adjust the weighing sensor paperless recorder 6 to a data observation angle with comfortable vision by adjusting the angle adjusting rod 601.

The differential pressure gauge 5 has the characteristic of small interval, can solve the problem that the current air resistance sampling time step length is large, and can reflect the air resistance change process of soil more truly. Referring to fig. 6, for the structural schematic diagram of the differential pressure gauge 5 according to an embodiment of the present invention, the differential pressure gauge 5 includes an air inlet positive electrode interface, an air inlet negative electrode interface, a display panel, a function key panel, a power supply positive electrode, a power supply negative electrode, and a USB signal output interface. When a soil air resistance experiment is carried out, one differential pressure gauge 5 is connected with one pressure measuring pipe 4, so that the pressure measuring pipe 4 can only be connected with an air inlet positive interface or an air inlet negative interface of the differential pressure gauge 5, and when the pressure measuring hose 402 is connected with the air inlet positive interface, the air resistance pressure (air resistance pressure data) is a positive value; when the pressure hose 402 is connected to the air inlet negative port, the air lock pressure is a negative value (its absolute value is the actual value of the air lock pressure). The utility model discloses a differential pressure gauge 5 openly is equipped with a plurality of function key buttons, before experimental, when two air inlets (positive and negative air inlet) and the external atmosphere intercommunication of differential pressure gauge 5, and the differential pressure of two interfaces of differential pressure gauge 5 is when not zero, and the user can press the positive "zero setting" button of panel and rectify zero setting. The user can select different pressure units as the physical quantity for representing the air resistance pressure by pressing a 'unit' button on the panel, such as millimeter water column mmH₂cmH of O, cm water column₂O, KPa Kpa, MPa Mpa, Bar, etc. When the light of the place where the test is located is dark, a user can press a light key on the panel to enable built-in light on a display panel of the differential pressure gauge 5 to be turned on, and the reading of the user is facilitated.

In fact, when only needing to measure the air lock pressure data all the way, the utility model discloses can directly insert the USB signal output interface of 5 bottoms of differential pressure gauge with USB data line one end, computer USB interface direct measurement is inserted to one end. However, because the communication mode using the USB interface is affected by the USB interface voltage and the number of interfaces (the number of serial ports of the computer), one computer generally receives 2 signals at most (if one computer receives external multipath signals (e.g., 3 or more than 3) there will be abnormal communication (signal interruption), and a computer with poor performance can receive only 1 signal), while a general moisture infiltration test usually needs to measure the air resistance pressure of the test soil at different points, and needs to install a plurality of or even tens of differential pressure gauges 5, which needs a plurality of or even tens of computers to work in cooperation, which puts higher requirements on the test space and the test cost.

Therefore, the utility model discloses improve the existing digital display paperless record appearance on the market, obtained air resistance paperless record appearance 7. Referring to fig. 7a, showing the positive schematic structure of air-resistor paperless recorder 7 in an embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 7b, showing the back schematic structure of air-resistor paperless recorder 7 in an embodiment of the present invention. The utility model discloses a be connected air resistance paperless record appearance 7 and a plurality of differential pressure gauge 5, can receive the air resistance pressure data of 5 transmissions of all differential pressure gauges connected simultaneously. Specifically, the air-resistor paperless recorder 7 includes: the air resistance signal input terminal comprises multiple air resistance signal input terminals 701, wherein each air resistance signal input terminal 701 is connected with a differential pressure gauge 5; a display panel 702 for displaying the multi-path air resistance pressure data; the data output interface 703 is connected to the real-time data display 9 or the data storage 10.

During connection, each air resistance signal input terminal 701 is connected with the differential pressure gauge 5 one by adopting a signal wire, corresponding to the differential pressure gauge 5 shown in fig. 6, one end of the signal wire is a USB connector to be connected with a USB signal output interface of the differential pressure gauge 5; the other end of the signal line may be a 2-wire system (or a 3-wire system) to be connected to the positive and negative electrodes of each air resistance signal input terminal 701, respectively. In the case of 3-wire system, one of the wires is a grounded common terminal. As shown in fig. 7b, each air-resistance signal input terminal 701 is provided with a wiring hole, and the signal line connected thereto should be a cylindrical contact. In implementation, it is necessary to ensure that the positive and negative electrodes of the multiple air resistance signal input terminals 701 are insulated from each other, and that the terminals with the same electrical property are also insulated from each other. As shown in fig. 7a, the display panel 702 includes a data output display panel, a function key panel, wherein the data output display panel can display the air resistance pressure data in real time in the form of numerical values or graphs/histograms; the basic function of the function key panel is the same as that of the weighing sensor paperless recorder 6, but the physical quantity to be measured is different from the number of input signal paths (the weighing sensor paperless recorder 6 is used for single-path signal input, the wiring mode is simpler, and the air resistance pressure digital display paperless recorder is used for multi-path signal acquisition, and the wiring mode is more complex).

The back of the differential pressure gauge 5 is provided with a battery clamping groove for installing a direct current battery, so that the general test requirements can be met, but when long-time continuous measurement is carried out, the continuous work of the current differential pressure gauge 5 cannot exceed 72 hours due to the adoption of a low-power battery power supply mode, and the requirement of long-time air resistance measurement cannot be met. And communication is interrupted due to a drop in battery voltage, which in turn results in data not being preserved. Therefore, the system of the present invention is further provided with a rectifier-transformer 8, wherein the rectifier-transformer 8 is connected with an ac power supply and at least one differential pressure gauge 5, respectively, for converting ac power into dc power required by the differential pressure gauge 5; wherein, the alternating current power supply is commercial power or a standby power supply.

The utility model discloses a be connected rectifier-transformer 8 and a plurality of differential pressure gauge 5 simultaneously, the experimental demand when can satisfying a plurality of differential pressure gauges 5 and long-time continuous measurement simultaneously has reduced the probability that results in the communication to be interrupted because of the decline of battery voltage. Referring to fig. 8, in order to illustrate the structure of the rectifier-transformer according to an embodiment of the present invention, the rectifier-transformer 8 includes: the positive and negative poles of each power supply wiring terminal 801 are correspondingly connected with the positive and negative poles of one differential pressure gauge 5 respectively; an ac power terminal 802 connected to an ac power source for supplying ac power; the direct current wiring terminal 803 is connected with the multi-path power supply wiring terminal 801 at the same time and is used for providing rated voltage of direct current required by the differential pressure gauge 5; a rectifier-transformer body connected to the ac wiring terminal 802 and the dc wiring terminal 803 for converting ac power into dc power; and the voltage regulating switch 804 is connected with the rectifier-transformer body and is used for regulating the rated voltage of the direct current required by the differential pressure gauge 5.

As shown in fig. 8, the dc terminals 803 also include positive and negative poles, and the positive and negative poles of the dc terminals 803 are correspondingly connected to the positive and negative poles of each power terminal 801 through wires, so as to convert one dc power supply into multiple dc power supplies, and provide stable dc power with the same voltage to the differential pressure meters 5. Because the differential pressure gauge 5 is different in model and different in required direct current voltage, a user can adjust the converted voltage to the rated voltage required by the differential pressure gauge 5 by adjusting the voltage adjusting switch 804. The voltage regulating switch 804 may be designed as a knob structure for facilitating adjustment, wherein rated voltages with different direct currents are marked around the voltage regulating switch 804, and an indication arrow of the voltage regulating switch 804 is rotated to a corresponding rated voltage mark, that is, the current regulated rated voltage is indicated. Because a plurality of differential pressure gauge 5 simultaneous working can produce certain heat, the utility model discloses a 8 tops of rectifier-transformer still are equipped with radiator fan, and radiator fan in time discharges the heat that rectifier-transformer 8 produced, has reduced the risk that the potential fire incident that causes because rectifier-transformer 8 is overheated and has taken place. For example, the dc voltage required for the differential pressure gauge 5 is 5V or 9V, and by rotating the voltage adjustment switch 804, the rectifier-transformer 8 can convert 220V commercial power into 5V dc power, and then supply the dc power to the differential pressure gauge 5 of 5V.

In combination with the above, referring to fig. 9, there is shown an electrical networking schematic diagram of a soil gas resistance measurement system according to an embodiment of the present invention, the system further includes:

the real-time data display 9 is respectively connected with the weighing sensor paperless recorder 6 and the air resistance paperless recorder 7 and is used for displaying the mass change data transmitted by the weighing sensor paperless recorder 6 and the air resistance pressure data transmitted by the air resistance paperless recorder 7 in real time;

and/or the data memory 10 is respectively connected with the weighing sensor paperless recorder 6 and the air resistance paperless recorder 7 and is used for storing mass change data and air resistance pressure data.

The real-time data display 9 may be a desktop computer, a notebook computer, an independent display, or the like, and the data storage 10 may also be an independent storage, and may also specifically refer to a local storage of a computer. The utility model connects the weighing sensor paperless recorder 6 and the air resistance paperless recorder 7 with the real-time data display, which can display the air resistance pressure data and the quality change data on the same screen in real time in the soil air resistance test process, thereby facilitating the tester to know the moisture infiltration and air resistance pressure condition of the soil at any time; through being connected with data memory 10 with weighing sensor paperless record appearance 6 and air resistance paperless record appearance 7 simultaneously, can realize the real-time save to data, data loss when also can avoiding the outage can also effectively reduce the storage pressure of weighing sensor paperless record appearance 6 and air resistance paperless record appearance 7 in long-time test process. When the real-time data reading interface is connected, the data output interface on the weighing sensor paperless recorder 6 and the data output interface 703 on the air resistance paperless recorder 7 are respectively connected with the data reading interface on the real-time data display 9 and/or the data storage 10 through signal lines. When the data output interface 703 and the data read-in interface are both USB interfaces, both ends of the signal line are USB connectors, one end of the signal line is connected to a paperless recorder (the weighing sensor paperless recorder 6 or the air-resistance paperless recorder 7), and the other end can be 2-wire system to be connected to the real-time data display 9 and the data storage 10 at the same time. Referring to fig. 10, which is a schematic diagram of a real-time pressure image of the air resistance pressure data according to an embodiment of the present invention, the real-time pressure image is displayed on the real-time data display 9 in real time. Although fig. 9 illustrates only 3 differential pressure meters 5, this is merely an example, and the present invention does not limit the number of differential pressure meters 5 connected to the air-resistor paperless recorder 7.

In practice, when the differential pressure gauge 5 is directly connected with a computer, in order to prevent the situation that data is not stored in time due to the accidental shutdown of the computer, a user needs to change the sleep time of the computer in the options of 'control panel', 'system and safety', 'power supply option', 'make the computer enter a sleep state', and the computer is set to be 'never used'. In addition, the computer is usually restarted after some system plug-ins are automatically upgraded, which may also cause data failure due to non-timely storage, and in order to avoid this situation, the user needs to perform offline processing on the computer during unattended measurement. Compared with the prior art, because the utility model discloses a gas resistance paperless record appearance 7 improves the digital display paperless record appearance that has on the market and comes, adopts the utility model discloses a gas resistance paperless record appearance 7 can not appear above-mentioned problem as the connection bridge between computer and the differential pressure gauge 5.

To sum up, the utility model discloses the soil gas resistance measurement system who founds can develop the soil air resistance experiment to the experimental soil of multilayer homogeneity experimental soil or concrete different physical condition, obtains multichannel air resistance pressure data simultaneously, can have the characteristics that degree of automation is high, data sampling time interval is little to the multichannel air resistance pressure data automatic recording that obtains through a plurality of differential gauges 5 and the cooperation of air resistance paperless record appearance 7, can reach the purpose of real-time supervision soil air resistance pressure.

The utility model discloses a soil gas resistance measurement system carries out measuring process as follows to experimental soil:

firstly, filling test soil into an organic glass soil column 2 in layers according to a test scheme according to test research contents;

secondly, placing the filled soil column 2 on a bearing flat plate 12, checking the air tightness of the Mariotte bottle 1, adjusting the height of the Mariotte bottle 1, and adjusting the height difference between an air outlet in the Mariotte bottle 1 and the surface of the test soil to a preset water head;

thirdly, one end of a pressure measuring hose 402 is connected with an external pressure measuring hard pipe 401 of the earth pillar 2, and the other end of the pressure measuring hose is connected with an air inlet pipe of a differential pressure gauge 5 (when the pressure measuring hose 402 is connected with a + end of the differential pressure gauge, air resistance pressure data is a positive value;

and fourthly, sequentially connecting the related devices in the figure 9 according to the electrical principle of the figure 9 and the above notes.

The fifth step, will the utility model discloses soil gas resistance measurement system assembles the back, opens weighing sensor paperless record appearance 6 and the data measurement software of paperless record appearance 7 of resistance in the computer, and each port of inspection and the computer data communication condition guarantee that each way signal is normal.

When differential pressure gauge 5 is more, test system power cord, data line are also more, for the convenience of customers to the reading of data in later stage, know which differential pressure gauge 5 corresponds which soil air resistance measuring point on earth pillar 2 to and know which signal channel of air resistance paperless record appearance 7 corresponds which differential pressure gauge 5, perhaps under differential pressure gauge 5 and the computer communication interrupt condition, the user can rapidly find out the line at problem differential pressure gauge 5 place, the utility model discloses can establish following table 1 example before the experiment begins the memorandum.

TABLE 1 test Memo

And then, when the Mariotte bottle 1 and the pressure measuring tube 4 have good air tightness and the circuit communication is smooth, a water outlet valve at a water outlet of the Mariotte bottle 1 is opened, water begins to seep from the surface of the test soil, air in a gap of the test soil is extruded by the water, the air pressure changes, the mass change data of the Mariotte bottle 1 is recorded by a weighing sensor paperless recorder 6, the air resistance pressure data of the test soil at the corresponding position of the corresponding pressure measuring tube 4, which is obtained under the mass change data, is recorded by an air resistance paperless recorder 7, and then the mass change data and the corresponding air resistance pressure data are uploaded to a real-time data display 9 and/or a data storage 10.

It should be noted that, in the present specification, the embodiments are all described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments may be referred to each other.

It should also be noted that, in this document, the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplification of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Moreover, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions or should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or terminal that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or terminal. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or terminal equipment comprising the element.

It is right above to the technical scheme that the utility model provides a detailed introduction has been carried out, and it is right to have used specific individual example herein the utility model discloses a principle and implementation mode have been elucidated, and the description of above embodiment is only used for helping to understand the utility model discloses, this description content should not be understood as right the utility model discloses a restriction. For the person skilled in the art, it is also possible to use the invention in a number of different embodiments and applications, without the embodiments being exhaustive, and the obvious changes or modifications which are introduced here are within the scope of the invention.

Claims (9)

1. A soil gas resistance measurement system, comprising:

the March's bottle (1) is connected with the earth pillar (2) and used for supplying water to the earth pillar (2) according to a preset water head;

a weighing sensor (3) for measuring mass data of the Mariotte bottle (1);

the soil column (2) is filled with test soil from bottom to top in a layered mode, the pipe wall of the soil column (2) is provided with a plurality of pressure measuring pipes (4) from bottom to top, and the positions of the pressure measuring pipes (4) in the soil column (2) correspond to the positions of soil air resistance measuring points in the soil column (2) in a preset test scheme one by one;

the differential pressure meters (5) are connected with the pressure measuring pipes (4) and used for measuring air resistance pressure data of test soil at the corresponding positions of the pressure measuring pipes (4), and the differential pressure meters (5) correspond to the pressure measuring pipes (4) in number one by one;

the weighing sensor paperless recorder (6) is connected with the weighing sensor (3) and used for recording the mass change data of the Mariotte bottle (1) based on the mass data transmitted by the weighing sensor (3);

and the air resistance paperless recorder (7) is connected with at least one differential pressure gauge (5) and is used for recording air resistance pressure data transmitted by the differential pressure gauge (5) connected with the air resistance paperless recorder.

2. The system of claim 1, further comprising:

the rectifier-transformer (8) is respectively connected with an alternating current power supply and at least one differential pressure gauge (5) and is used for converting alternating current into direct current required by the differential pressure gauge (5); wherein, the alternating current power supply is commercial power or a standby power supply.

3. The system of claim 1, further comprising:

the real-time data display (9) is respectively connected with the weighing sensor paperless recorder (6) and the air resistance paperless recorder (7) and is used for displaying the mass change data transmitted by the weighing sensor paperless recorder (6) and the air resistance pressure data transmitted by the air resistance paperless recorder (7);

and/or a data memory (10) which is respectively connected with the weighing sensor paperless recorder (6) and the air resistance paperless recorder (7) and is used for storing the mass change data and the air resistance pressure data.

4. The system according to claim 1, wherein the piezometric tube (4) comprises a piezometric hard tube (401) and a piezometric hose (402), one end of the piezometric hard tube (401) is communicated and fixed with the tube wall of the soil column (2), the other end of the piezometric hard tube is connected with one end of the piezometric hose (402), and the other end of the piezometric hose (402) is connected with the differential pressure gauge (5);

the aperture of the pressure measuring hard tube (401) is reduced towards the direction far away from the tube wall of the earth pillar (2).

5. The system according to claim 4, wherein the pressure measuring rigid pipe (401) is filled with a gas-permeable, water-impermeable filling material.

6. The system according to claim 2, characterized in that said rectifier-transformer (8) comprises:

the positive and negative poles of each power supply wiring terminal (801) are correspondingly connected with the positive and negative poles of one differential pressure gauge (5);

an alternating current terminal (802) connected with the alternating current power supply and used for providing alternating current;

the direct current wiring terminal (803) is connected with the multi-path power supply wiring terminal (801) and is used for providing rated voltage of direct current required by the differential pressure gauge (5);

a rectifier-transformer body connected with the AC terminal (802) and the DC terminal (803) for converting AC to DC;

a voltage regulation switch (804) connected to the rectifier-transformer body for regulating the rated voltage.

7. A system according to claim 3, characterized in that the air-resistor paperless recorder (7) comprises:

a plurality of air resistance signal input terminals (701), wherein each air resistance signal input terminal (701) is connected with one differential pressure gauge (5);

a display panel (702) for displaying a plurality of paths of the air resistance pressure data;

and the data output interface (703) is connected with the real-time data display (9) or the data storage (10).

8. The system of claim 1, further comprising:

the support comprises a vertical rod (11), a bearing flat plate (12) and a Mariotte bottle clamping groove (13), wherein the vertical rod (11) and the bearing flat plate (12) are vertically fixed; wherein the content of the first and second substances,

the Mahalanobis bottle clamping groove (13) and the weighing sensor paperless recorder (6) are arranged on the vertical rod (11);

the weighing sensor (3) is installed in the Mariotte bottle clamping groove (13), and the Mariotte bottle (1) is placed in the Mariotte bottle clamping groove (13) and is positioned on the weighing sensor (3);

the earth pillar (2) is placed on the bearing flat plate (12).

9. System according to claim 1 or 8, characterized in that said Marioter (1) comprises:

the Martensitic bottle comprises a Martensitic bottle body, a bottle opening and a bottle neck, wherein the Martensitic bottle body is provided with the bottle opening;

the elastic sealing plug is arranged in the bottle opening and has radial pressure on the bottle opening;

the upper end of the air inlet thin tube is provided with an air inlet, the lower end of the air inlet thin tube is provided with an air outlet, the end surface of the elastic sealing plug is penetrated in the March's bottle body, and the air inlet is communicated with the inner cavity of the March's bottle body;

and the water outlet valve is communicated with a water inlet at the upper end of the soil column (2).

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