CN214894060U - Portable gear fault detection device based on acoustic signal - Google Patents
Portable gear fault detection device based on acoustic signal Download PDFInfo
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- CN214894060U CN214894060U CN202121332505.XU CN202121332505U CN214894060U CN 214894060 U CN214894060 U CN 214894060U CN 202121332505 U CN202121332505 U CN 202121332505U CN 214894060 U CN214894060 U CN 214894060U
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Abstract
本实用新型提供一种基于声信号的便携式齿轮故障检测装置，其包括上箱体、下箱体、处理单元、显示屏和检测组件。检测组件包括固定设置在下箱体上的第一支撑座、第二支撑座、限位座、传动轴、电机、联轴器、套筒、伸缩臂和振动采集单元，套筒与校准用的第一齿轮或者第二齿轮通过键设置在传动轴上；第二支撑座的上表面上设置有伸缩臂，伸缩臂的顶端设有用于采集声信号的振动采集单元。本实用新型通过便携式装置的一体化设计和预先校准，实现了设备运行状态监测的高度便携化，能够快速、高效地实现在线对齿轮外场监测。
The utility model provides a portable gear fault detection device based on an acoustic signal, which comprises an upper box body, a lower box body, a processing unit, a display screen and a detection component. The detection assembly includes a first support seat, a second support seat, a limit seat, a transmission shaft, a motor, a coupling, a sleeve, a telescopic arm and a vibration acquisition unit fixed on the lower box, the sleeve and the first for calibration. A gear or a second gear is arranged on the transmission shaft through a key; a telescopic arm is arranged on the upper surface of the second support base, and a vibration collecting unit for collecting sound signals is arranged at the top of the telescopic arm. Through the integrated design and pre-calibration of the portable device, the utility model realizes the highly portable monitoring of the running state of the equipment, and can quickly and efficiently realize the on-line monitoring of the external field of the gear.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of portable detecting instrument, concretely relates to portable gear fault detection device based on acoustic signal.
Background
Periodic impacts have been considered to be the most important factor in the occurrence of gear failure. How to extract these periodic impact components has become a hot spot of current research.
In the gear fault detection process, firstly, the mechanical equipment has a plurality of parts, the fault of one part cannot be predicted frequently, and the size parameters are different, so that the prior period information is difficult to obtain; even if a fault of a certain part is positioned, due to the influence of factors such as rotating speed fluctuation, speed measurement interference and the like, an error exists between a calculated fault period and an actual period. Both of these factors can hinder the acquisition of the exact a priori period. Second, since the conventional apparatus requires complicated assembly on site at the time of measurement, it is difficult to accurately check the condition of the gear in operation.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
To above circumstances, the utility model provides a portable gear fault detection device based on acoustic signal. The portable device is calibrated on a test site by arranging the detachable transmission shaft, the first gear and the second gear; by collecting the sound wave vibration signal and connecting the sound wave vibration signal to the processing unit, the calibrated gear fault detection device is used for sampling and recording the working condition of the gear to be detected on site, and the analysis result is displayed on the display screen.
The utility model provides a portable gear fault detection device based on acoustic signals, which comprises an upper box body, a lower box body, a processing unit and a display screen which are arranged on the inner wall of the upper box body, and a detection component which is arranged in the lower box body; the detection assembly comprises a first supporting seat, a second supporting seat, a limiting seat, a transmission shaft, a motor, a coupler, a sleeve, a telescopic arm and a vibration acquisition unit, wherein the first supporting seat, the second supporting seat, the limiting seat, the transmission shaft, the motor, the coupler, the sleeve, the telescopic arm and the vibration acquisition unit are fixedly arranged on the bottom wall of the lower box body; the first supporting seat and the second supporting seat are arranged at intervals and are connected with the transmission shaft through bearings; the limiting seat is sleeved on the transmission shaft through the limiting hole, and the sleeve and the first gear or the second gear for calibration are arranged on the transmission shaft through a key; the upper surface of the second supporting seat is provided with a telescopic arm, and the top end of the telescopic arm is provided with a vibration acquisition unit for acquiring acoustic signals.
In a preferred embodiment, the open-close ends of the upper case and the lower case are provided with an upper flange and a lower flange, respectively.
Further, the upper flange and the lower flange each include a magnetic strip.
Preferably, the upper box body and the lower box body are provided with fasteners.
In a preferred embodiment, the step shoulders of the first supporting seat and the second supporting seat are provided with through holes.
Further, the limiting seat comprises a mounting seat and a limiting hole, and the diameter of the limiting hole is larger than the outer diameter of the transmission shaft.
The utility model discloses a characteristics and beneficial effect are: need not external sensor, portable gear fault detection device through the integration can realize the not accessible region of complex structure or the regional fault diagnosis of condition restriction, moreover the utility model discloses a device has realized the contactless monitoring of equipment running state, utilizes the vibration acquisition unit, thereby need not external sensor and cause extra operation burden to equipment, has also avoided complicated region simultaneously, the difficult problem that the sensor can't be laid. Secondly, through the overall design and the pre-calibration of the device, the high portability of the monitoring of the running state of the equipment is realized, and the monitoring of the external field of the line-to-gear can be realized quickly and efficiently.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic overall structure diagram of the closed state of the portable gear fault detection device based on acoustic signals;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the open state of the portable gear fault detection device based on the acoustic signal;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the fault detection device of the present invention viewed from another angle when the fault detection device is in an open state;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the support base of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of the limiting seat of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of the gear with sleeve according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical contents, structural features, and achieved objects and effects of the present invention more detailed, the following description is made with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the portable gear failure detection device based on acoustic signals of the present invention includes an upper case 1, a lower case 2, an upper flange 3, a lower flange 4, a handle 5, a processing unit 6 and a display screen 7 disposed on the inner wall of the upper case 1, and a detection assembly disposed in the lower case 2. The upper flange 3 and the lower flange 4 are respectively provided at the opening and closing ends of the upper case 1 and the lower case 2, and are made of a magnetic tape having elasticity, so that the upper case 1 and the lower case 2 can be reliably attracted together when the cases are closed, and are convenient to carry and use. Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, a snap member 21 may be provided to lock the upper case 1 and the lower case 2 in the closed state.
The detection assembly comprises a first supporting seat 81, a second supporting seat 82, a limiting seat 9, a transmission shaft 10, a motor 11, a coupler 12, a sleeve 13, a telescopic arm 14 and a vibration acquisition unit 15 which are fixedly arranged on the bottom wall of the lower box body 2. The first supporting seat 81 and the second supporting seat 82 are disposed at an interval, and the bearing 83 disposed in the central holes of the first supporting seat 81 and the second supporting seat 82 supports and drives the transmission shaft 10. The limiting seat 9 is arranged at one end of the transmission shaft 10 far away from the motor 11, and the sleeve 13 is sleeved with the first gear 16 or the second gear for calibration and then is installed on the transmission shaft 10 through a key. To facilitate the installation of the first gear 16, the side wall of the lower case 2 has a sufficient distance from the drive shaft 10.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the upper surface of the second support seat 82 is provided with a telescopic arm 14, and the top end of the telescopic arm 14 is provided with a vibration collecting unit 15. The telescopic arm 14 can adjust the extending length according to the distance from the gear to be detected, so that the vibration acquisition unit 15 is close to the gear to be detected, and clear acoustic signals of the gear in operation can be acquired.
As shown in fig. 4, the first supporting seat 81 and the second supporting seat 82 have the same structure, and the first supporting seat 81 will be described as an example. The first supporting seat 81 is stepped, and a through hole 18 is formed in the lower stepped shoulder 17, and the first supporting seat 7 is fixedly installed on the bottom wall of the lower casing 2 by inserting a bolt or the like into the through hole 18.
As shown in fig. 5, the stopper seat 9 includes a mounting seat 19 and a stopper hole 20. The mounting seat 19 is provided with a mounting hole 21 so as to fix the stopper seat 9 to the lower case 2. The diameter of the limiting hole 20 is set to be larger than the outer diameter of the transmission shaft 10, thereby realizing the function of limiting the transmission shaft 10 and not limiting the rotation.
The gears used for calibration comprise two gears, one is a standard and normally working first gear 16, the other is a damaged and abnormally working second gear which is not shown, the first gear 16 and the second gear are sequentially and respectively installed on the transmission shaft 10, so that the sound signals of the environment of the site and the device are calibrated in advance before the portable gear fault detection device is ready to start measurement and detection, the noise influence of the environment and errors possibly caused in the transportation process are overcome, accurate sound signal collection and detection are carried out on the gear to be detected in the site, and the detection result is displayed through the display screen 7.
The utility model discloses in portable gear fault detection device's based on acoustic signal use, at first, place detection device near waiting to detect the gear, utilize first gear 16 and the second gear pair device of taking in advance among the detection device to calibrate: the first gear 16 which normally works is sleeved on the sleeve 13 and is arranged on the transmission shaft 10; the motor 11 drives the transmission shaft 10 to rotate after being electrified; the length of the telescopic arm 14 is adjusted, the vibration acquisition unit 15 acquires vibration information of the first gear 16 which normally works, the vibration information is transmitted to the processing unit 6 as an acoustic signal, and frequency spectrum information of a related test signal is shown on the display screen 7; the first gear 16, which is working normally, is removed, the second gear, which is damaged and is working abnormally, is replaced, the vibration information acquisition process is repeated, and the parameters are properly adjusted by the processing unit 6, so that the influence factors of the ambient noise vibration signal are recorded and the device is calibrated. In the process of collecting environmental noise, analyzing the operation condition and the surrounding environment of a monitored object, namely a gear to be detected, and selecting a place with weak external interference to collect acoustic signals by preliminarily testing the external interference of background noise in different directions and angles; estimating the frequency response range of the gear through a vibration response test, selecting a safe position close enough to a monitored object as a test point for placing the portable gear fault detection device, and collecting audio signals; according to the designed acquisition scheme, the gear state information with high signal-to-noise ratio is acquired by adopting a certain frequency, sampling frequency and duration.
Secondly, the gear to be detected is subjected to fault detection: the first gear and the second gear are taken down, the length of the telescopic arm 14 is adjusted, the vibration information of the gear to be detected can be acquired by the vibration acquisition unit 15, the vibration information of the gear to be detected is transmitted to the calibrated processing unit 6 as an acoustic signal, and the frequency spectrum information of the related test signal is displayed on the display screen 7, so that the curve graph of the health condition of the gear to be detected is visually obtained, and the health condition of the gear to be detected is obtained.
The process of diagnosing the gear failure in the processing unit 6 is as follows:
inputting a vibration signal x to be detected, calculating an autocorrelation function of the vibration signal x, and selecting a local maximum point except a zero point as Ts;
a second step; the filter length L and the maximum iteration number n are set. And calculating X using the above parametersmTsX0T and (X0T) -1;
a third step; initializing a filter coefficient to be f ═ 00 … 1-1 … 00 ] T and setting an iteration number i to be 1;
step four, obtaining a filtered signal y (i) ═ X0Tf, and obtaining α m and β at the same time;
fifthly, selecting local maximum value points except zero points as new T by calculating the autocorrelation function of the filtering signal y (i)s iAnd according to Ts iTo update XmTsX0T and (X0T) -1;
sixthly, updating to obtain a new filter coefficient;
and step seven, when the iteration number reaches n, terminating the iteration. And selecting the filtered signal with the highest kurtosis value as a final filtered signal and using the final filtered signal for subsequent analysis operations such as envelope spectrum and the like, so that the higher the kurtosis value of the finally filtered signal is, the higher the signal-to-noise ratio is, the fault impact is considered to be.
Through the utility model discloses a portable gear fault detection device based on acoustic signal has realized the calibration and the witnessed inspections of integration, and operating personnel need not possess special mechanical failure signal processing's basis, only need this detection device of rational use, carries out acoustic signal collection's position selection, parameter setting and data acquisition according to operation flow. The data are then analyzed by the processing unit 6, i.e. the operating state of the gear of the apparatus can be known in a short time. The real-time and efficient monitoring of the gears running in the equipment is realized under the condition of no shutdown, and the manpower and test analysis programs are saved.
The above-mentioned embodiments are only intended to describe the preferred embodiments of the present invention, but not to limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art without departing from the design spirit of the present invention should fall into the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A portable gear fault detection device based on acoustic signals is characterized by comprising an upper box body, a lower box body, a processing unit and a display screen which are arranged on the inner wall of the upper box body, and a detection assembly arranged in the lower box body;
the detection assembly comprises a first supporting seat, a second supporting seat, a limiting seat, a transmission shaft, a motor, a coupler, a sleeve, a telescopic arm and a vibration acquisition unit, wherein the first supporting seat, the second supporting seat, the limiting seat, the transmission shaft, the motor, the coupler, the sleeve, the telescopic arm and the vibration acquisition unit are fixedly arranged on the bottom wall of the lower box body; the first supporting seat and the second supporting seat are arranged at intervals and are connected with the transmission shaft through bearings; the limiting seat is sleeved on the transmission shaft through the limiting hole, and the sleeve and the first gear or the second gear for calibration are arranged on the transmission shaft through a key; the upper surface of the second supporting seat is provided with a telescopic arm, and the top end of the telescopic arm is provided with a vibration acquisition unit for acquiring acoustic signals.
2. The acoustic-signal-based portable gear failure detection apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the upper and lower flanges are provided at the opening and closing ends of the upper and lower cases, respectively.
3. The acoustic-signal-based portable gear fault detection device of claim 2, wherein the upper flange and the lower flange each comprise a magnetic band.
4. The acoustic-signal-based portable gear failure detection device of claim 2, wherein the upper case and the lower case are provided with snaps.
5. The acoustic-signal-based portable gear failure detection device of claim 2, wherein the step shoulders of the first and second support seats are provided with through holes.
6. The acoustic-signal-based portable gear failure detection device according to claim 5, wherein the stopper seat includes a mounting seat and a stopper hole, and a diameter of the stopper hole is set larger than an outer diameter of the transmission shaft.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202121332505.XU CN214894060U (en) | 2021-06-16 | 2021-06-16 | Portable gear fault detection device based on acoustic signal |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202121332505.XU CN214894060U (en) | 2021-06-16 | 2021-06-16 | Portable gear fault detection device based on acoustic signal |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN214894060U true CN214894060U (en) | 2021-11-26 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202121332505.XU Active CN214894060U (en) | 2021-06-16 | 2021-06-16 | Portable gear fault detection device based on acoustic signal |
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2021
- 2021-06-16 CN CN202121332505.XU patent/CN214894060U/en active Active
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