CN214891246U - Mechanical fire grate - Google Patents

Abstract

A mechanical grate belongs to the technical field of industrial boiler mechanization equipment. The utility model discloses a grate support, monomer welding static formula grate and at least a set of horizontal reciprocating mechanical grate of segmentation tilting adopt the slope mode to arrange to install on the grate support, monomer welding static formula grate and the horizontal reciprocating mechanical grate staggered arrangement of segmentation tilting. The utility model discloses simple structure, equipment convenience are suitable for popularization and use.

Description

Mechanical fire grate

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a grate belongs to industrial boiler mechanized equipment technical field.

Background

The grate is a mechanized combustion device for supporting and effectively burning solid fuel in an industrial boiler, and the fuel on the horizontal reciprocating mechanical grate obtains a driving force from front to back, so that the fuel periodically rolls on the grate and gradually moves from the front end to the back end of the grate, thereby completing the whole process of preheating, drying, burning and burning the fuel.

Compared with a fluidized bed boiler, the horizontal reciprocating mechanical grate boiler has wide fuel adaptability, and can use the mixed combustion of various coal types, soft and hard biomass (containing garbage) fuels; compared with chain furnace, the reciprocating flame-poking furnace has the advantages of high combustion efficiency, low requirements for the granularity and heat value of fuel and better development and development advantages because the reciprocating flame-poking effect is realized and the loosening and ventilation of the fuel layer are enhanced. Therefore, the horizontal reciprocating grate boiler accounts for a large proportion of industrial boilers.

However, the existing horizontal reciprocating grate boiler in service still has the problems to be solved in design, structure, manufacture, material, installation and operation regulation:

1. unreasonable design: because the transmission mode of the fire grate is unreasonable, the structure of the furnace frame is unreasonable, and the basic design of the boiler is unreasonable, the furnace body is high.

2. The coal hopper is easy to catch fire: due to improper action measures such as radiation, reflection, convection and heat ray concentration on the bottom of the front arch, the coal hopper is ignited, and the combustion flow field is uneven. Therefore, many in-service boilers stop the front arch bottom supply.

3. Coal leakage from the fire grate: generally, the coal leakage of the grate at the preheating section is more than 3 percent, the leakage of fine coal dust and red-hot ash particles at the main combustion section is more than 1 percent, the surface of the grate is uneven, the gap is uneven, and the coal leakage is difficult to adapt to the combustion of granular fuel with the diameter less than 2 mm.

4. The air chamber is not tightly sealed: air leakage, air cross-flow and air interception are serious between a movable grate frame and a static grate frame of an air chamber at the bottom of the grate and between a side seal and the grate, and air can not be supplied according to requirements, so that the phenomena of fire center deflection, different layer combustion thickness, combustion layer bulging, unstable combustion, coking and the like are caused.

5. The service life of the fire grate is low: the fire grate segment in the high temperature area is contacted with the hot coal bed for a long time, the upper part of the fire grate segment is coked, the fire grate segment is overheated, distorted and jammed, the front end part is worn and burned out, and the service life of the fire grate is short.

6. Deformation of the furnace frame: the movable and static fire grate bracket connecting pieces at the bottom of the fire grate are more, the connecting bolts are too many, the support roller bearing of the fire grate frame is accumulated with dust, abraded and eccentric, the contact part of the fire grate transmission eccentric wheel and the transmission rod is abraded, and the phenomena of deformation, jamming and unequal travel of the fire grate frame at the tail part are frequently generated in the operation process.

7. The staged combustion cannot be carried out: the movable and static fire grate brackets are all integral brackets, and cannot be controlled in a segmented mode, in a segmented combustion mode, in a left-right longitudinal mode, and cannot be organized to optimize combustion and control pollution sources.

Based on the above, it is desirable to provide a mechanical grate which solves the above technical problems.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The present invention provides a mechanical grate, and in the following a brief summary of the invention is provided to provide a basic understanding of some aspects of the invention. It should be understood that this summary is not an exhaustive overview of the invention. It is not intended to identify key or critical elements of the invention or to delineate the scope of the invention.

The technical scheme of the utility model:

the mechanical grate comprises a grate support, a single welded static grate and at least one group of multi-section inclined horizontal reciprocating mechanical grates, wherein the single welded static grate and the at least one group of multi-section inclined horizontal reciprocating mechanical grates are arranged on the grate support in an inclined mode, and the single welded static grate and the multi-section inclined horizontal reciprocating mechanical grates are arranged in a staggered mode;

the single welded static fire grate comprises fixed short fire grate pieces and fixed fire grate vertical plate beams, wherein the fixed fire grate vertical plate beams are welded and installed on the fire grate support, and the fixed short fire grate pieces are embedded on the fixed fire grate vertical plate beams;

the multi-segment inclined horizontal reciprocating mechanical grate comprises a movable long grate segment, a single-shaft cam, a square shaft, concave tiles, concave tile supports, connecting rods, a connecting seat, a rotating disc and a variable frequency motor, wherein the concave tile supports are welded and installed on a grate support, the concave tiles are welded and installed on the concave tile supports, the single-shaft cam is embedded in the concave tiles, the movable long grate segment is embedded on the single-shaft cam, the square shaft is installed at the central position of the single-shaft cam, the connecting seat is installed at the output end of the square shaft, the connecting rods are hinged and installed on the connecting seat, the variable frequency motor is installed on the grate support through the motor support, the rotating disc is installed at the output end of the variable frequency motor, and the connecting rods are hinged and installed with the rotating disc;

the movable long furnace sheets and the fixed short furnace grate sheets are arranged in a laminating mode at intervals to form a step-shaped inclined angle.

Preferably: the concave tile support comprises a first vertical plate, a second vertical plate and a transverse plate, the bottoms of the first vertical plate and the second vertical plate are welded and installed on the grate support, the transverse plate is installed between the first vertical plate and the second vertical plate in a penetrating mode, the concave tile is a 'semicircular seat' with a notch in the top, and the bottom of the concave tile is welded and installed at the upper ends of the first vertical plate and the second vertical plate.

Preferably: the movable long furnace piece is a rectangular body, weight reduction grooves are machined in the front side and the rear side of the movable long furnace piece, a first U-shaped groove used for embedding a single-shaft cam is machined in the left side of the movable long furnace piece, a top material shifting tooth is arranged on the top end face of the movable long furnace piece, and a front end material shifting tooth is machined in the right side of the movable long furnace piece.

Preferably: the fixed grate vertical plate beam comprises square steel and a vertical pipe, the bottom of the square steel is fixedly arranged on the grate support, and the vertical pipe is welded at the top of the square steel;

the fixed short fire grate segment is a rectangular body, second weight reduction grooves are formed in the front side and the rear side of the fixed short fire grate segment, a second U-shaped groove is formed in the left side of the fixed short fire grate segment, and the fixed short fire grate segment is installed with the vertical pipe in a matched mode through the second U-shaped groove.

Preferably: the center processing of unipolar cam has the quad slit, the square shaft penetrates and installs in the quad slit of unipolar cam center department, has the bellying on the outer wall of unipolar cam, unipolar cam passes through the bellying embedding to be installed on the long burner plate of activity.

Preferably: and water cooling pipes are arranged on two sides of the fixed grate vertical plate beam and the concave tile support.

Preferably: comb-tooth type sealing mechanisms are fixedly arranged on two sides of the fire grate support.

Preferably: the comb-tooth type sealing mechanism comprises a first comb-tooth plate and a second comb-tooth plate, a plurality of groups of first comb teeth are arranged on the first comb-tooth plate, a plurality of groups of second comb teeth are arranged on the second comb-tooth plate, the first comb-tooth plate and the second comb-tooth plate are arranged in parallel, the first comb-tooth plate and the second comb-tooth plate are fixedly arranged on the fire grate support, and the first comb teeth and the second comb teeth are arranged in a staggered mode.

The utility model discloses following beneficial effect has:

1. the single welded static grate and the multi-segment inclined horizontal reciprocating mechanical grate form an integral static framework through the inclined grate support, thereby thoroughly changing the existing inclined double-grate structure, canceling the traditional bearing transmission, connecting plate lap joint and bolt connection modes, thoroughly twisting the existing grate transmission and control mode, and thoroughly solving the problems of grate underframe deformation, air chamber air leakage, air cross, air interception and the like;

2. a multi-section inclined horizontal reciprocating mechanical grate adopts a concave tile bracket type cam transmission shaft, a left side transmission mechanism, a right side transmission mechanism and a reciprocating mechanism consisting of a variable frequency motor, a rotating disc and a connecting rod so as to realize reciprocating transmission of a movable grate, achieve the aim of decomposing and dispersing the stress of the grate and solve the defect that the conventional grate bears the integral stress;

3. the water cooling system of the fire grate, weld the static fire grate and multiple sectional tilting horizontal reciprocating mechanical fire grate bottom of the monomer and have distributed the water cooling tube, the water cooling tube forms the water circulation power system with external water cooling system and boiler water system, in order to guarantee the fire grate temperature to control below 700 duC, have solved the fire grate and raised wings, raised the arch, burn out, deform, fracture question, etc.;

4. in the mechanical grate of the utility model, the front and back stirring, the up and down rolling, the balanced loosening, the coke block shoveling and breaking, the bulging control of the coal bed are completed by the relative motion of the multi-segment inclined horizontal reciprocating mechanical grate and the coal bed and the material shifting teeth at the top and the front end of the movable long grate segment, and the effects of loosening the coal bed, uniform ventilation and vigorous flame shifting are achieved;

5. the utility model discloses simple structure, equipment convenience are suitable for popularization and use.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a front view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an enlarged schematic view at A in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the fitting relationship between the fixed short grate segments and the movable long grate segments;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the cooperative mounting of a multi-segment inclined horizontal reciprocating mechanical grate;

FIG. 5 is a front view of the concave tile and the concave tile holder;

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of the fitting installation of the fixed short grate segments and the movable long grate segments;

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a movable long grate segment;

FIG. 8 is a perspective view of a fixed short grate segment;

FIG. 9 is a perspective view of a single-axis cam;

FIG. 10 is a view of the mounting position of the comb seal mechanism on the grate frame;

FIG. 11 is a view of the placement of a multi-segment inclined horizontal reciprocating mechanical grate on a grate support;

fig. 12 is a perspective view of the connecting socket;

in the figure, 1-a fire grate support, 2-a single welded static fire grate, 3-a multi-section inclined horizontal reciprocating mechanical fire grate, 4-a fixed short fire grate sheet, 5-a fixed fire grate vertical plate beam, 6-a movable long fire grate sheet, 7-a single-shaft cam, 8-a square shaft, 9-a concave tile, 10-a concave tile support, 11-a connecting rod, 12-a connecting seat, 13-a rotating disc, 14-a variable frequency motor, 15-a motor support, 16-a first vertical plate, 17-a second vertical plate, 18-a transverse plate, 19-a weight reduction groove, 20-a first U-shaped groove 20, 21-a top shifting tooth, 22-a front end shifting tooth, 23-a second weight reduction groove, 24-a second U-shaped groove, 25-square steel, 26-a vertical pipe and 27-a convex part, 28-water cooling pipe, 29-comb type sealing mechanism, 30-first comb plate, 31-second comb plate, 32-first comb teeth and 33-second comb teeth.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described below with reference to specific embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the description is intended to be illustrative only and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Moreover, in the following description, descriptions of well-known structures and techniques are omitted so as to not unnecessarily obscure the concepts of the present invention.

The utility model discloses the connection that mentions divide into fixed connection and can dismantle the connection, fixed connection (for being undetachable connection) includes but not limited to conventional fixed connection modes such as hem connection, rivet connection, adhesive connection and welded connection, can dismantle the connection including but not limited to conventional dismantlement modes such as threaded connection, buckle connection, pin joint and hinged joint, when not clearly prescribing a limit to concrete connection mode, defaulting always can find at least one kind of connected mode in current connected mode and can realize this function, and the technical staff in the art can select by oneself as required. For example: the fixed connection selects welding connection, and the detachable connection selects hinge connection.

The first embodiment is as follows: the mechanical grate comprises a grate support 1, a single welded static grate 2 and at least one group of multi-section inclined horizontal reciprocating mechanical grates 3, wherein the single welded static grate 2 and the at least one group of multi-section inclined horizontal reciprocating mechanical grates 3 are arranged on the grate support 1 in an inclined mode, and the single welded static grate 2 and the multi-section inclined horizontal reciprocating mechanical grates 3 are arranged in a staggered mode;

the single welded static fire grate 2 comprises fixed short fire grate pieces 4 and fixed fire grate vertical plate beams 5, wherein the fixed fire grate vertical plate beams 5 are welded and installed on the fire grate support 1, and the fixed short fire grate pieces 4 are embedded on the fixed fire grate vertical plate beams 5;

the multi-section inclined horizontal reciprocating mechanical grate 3 comprises a movable long grate segment 6, a single-shaft cam 7, a square shaft 8, concave tiles 9, concave tile supports 10, connecting rods 11, connecting seats 12, a rotating disc 13 and a variable frequency motor 14, wherein the concave tile supports 10 are welded and installed on a grate support 1, the concave tiles 9 are welded and installed on the concave tile supports 10, the single-shaft cam 7 is embedded in the concave tiles 9, the movable long grate segment 6 is embedded on the single-shaft cam 7, the square shaft 8 is installed at the central position of the single-shaft cam 7, the connecting seats 12 are installed at the output end of the square shaft 8, the connecting rods 11 are hinged and installed on the connecting seats 12, the variable frequency motor 14 is installed on the grate support 1 through a motor support 15, the rotating disc 13 is installed at the output end of the variable frequency motor 14, and the connecting rods 11 are hinged and installed with the rotating disc 13;

the movable long furnace plate 3 and the fixed short furnace grate plate 4 are arranged in a laminating way at intervals to form a step-shaped inclined angle.

As mentioned above, the mechanical grate is composed of a single welded static grate 2 and at least one group of multi-segment inclined horizontal reciprocating mechanical grate 3, the two are installed on the grate support 1 in an inclined mode, when in use, the variable frequency motor 14 works to drive the rotating disc 13 to rotate, the disc surface of the rotating disc 13 is hinged with the connecting rod 11, the connecting rod 11 drives the connecting seat 12 connected with the connecting rod to reciprocate, under the matching installation effect of the connecting seat 12 and the square shaft 8, the square shaft 8 drives the single-shaft cam 7 to reciprocate, and the movable long furnace piece 6 is embedded on the single-shaft cam 7, so the movable long furnace piece 6 realizes the left-right reciprocating motion, and through the reciprocating motion of the movable long furnace piece 6, the top stirring teeth 21 and the front end stirring teeth 22 are utilized to complete the front-back stirring, up-down rolling, balanced loosening, coke breaking block shoveling and drum controlling of the coal bed, and loose and even ventilation are achieved, The effect of stirring strong flame; and the combustion and the load are adjusted by adjusting the thickness of the conveyed coal bed, the grate speed and the hearth ventilation.

The second embodiment is as follows: referring to fig. 1-12 to describe the present embodiment, in the mechanical grate of the present embodiment, the recessed tile support 10 includes a first vertical plate 16, a second vertical plate 17 and a horizontal plate 18, bottoms of the first vertical plate 16 and the second vertical plate 17 are welded and installed on the grate support 1, the horizontal plate 18 is installed between the first vertical plate 16 and the second vertical plate 17 in a penetrating manner, the recessed tile 9 is a "semicircular seat" having a notch at a top, and a bottom of the recessed tile 9 is welded and installed at upper ends of the first vertical plate 16 and the second vertical plate 17. So set up, the rotation of concave tile support 10 and concave tile 9 for unipolar cam 7 provides a support, and unipolar cam 7 is free activity in concave tile 9, indirectly improves the activity degree of freedom of the long stove piece 6 of activity.

The third concrete implementation mode: referring to fig. 1-12, the mechanical fire grate of the present embodiment is described, in which the movable long furnace sheet 6 is a rectangular body, weight reduction grooves 19 are formed on the front and rear sides of the movable long furnace sheet 6, a first U-shaped groove 20 for embedding the single-shaft cam 7 is formed on the left side of the movable long furnace sheet 6, a top material shifting tooth 21 is formed on the top end surface of the movable long furnace sheet 6, and a front end material shifting tooth 22 is formed on the right side of the movable long furnace sheet 6.

The fourth concrete implementation mode: referring to fig. 1-12 to illustrate the embodiment, the mechanical grate of the embodiment, the fixed grate vertical plate beam 5 comprises square steel 25 and a vertical pipe 26, the bottom of the square steel 25 is fixedly installed on the grate support 1, and the vertical pipe 26 is welded on the top of the square steel 25; the fixed short fire grate segment 4 is a rectangular body, second weight reduction grooves 23 are formed in the front side and the rear side of the fixed short fire grate segment 4, a second U-shaped groove 24 is formed in the left side of the fixed short fire grate segment 4, and the fixed short fire grate segment 4 is installed with a vertical pipe 26 in a matched mode through the second U-shaped groove 24.

The fifth concrete implementation mode: referring to fig. 1-12, the mechanical fire grate of the present embodiment is described, wherein a square hole is formed in the center of the single-shaft cam 7, the square shaft 8 penetrates into the square hole formed in the center of the single-shaft cam 7, a boss 27 is formed on the outer wall of the single-shaft cam 7, and the single-shaft cam 7 is embedded in the movable long furnace sheet 6 through the boss 27.

The sixth specific implementation mode: referring to fig. 1-12, the mechanical grate of the present embodiment is described, and water cooling pipes 28 are arranged on two sides of the fixed grate vertical plate beam 5 and the concave tile support 10, and the water cooling pipes 28 are in a serpentine arrangement structure. In order to ensure the safety and the service life of the fire grate, the bottom parts of the movable fire grate and the static fire grate are respectively provided with a cooling water pipe, so that the temperature gradient of the front end and the rear end of the fire grate is reduced, and the temperature of the fire grate is controlled below 700 ℃ and the temperature of the square shaft 8 and the single-shaft cam 7 is controlled below 120 ℃. Solves the problems of over-temperature, deformation, high-temperature corrosion, accelerated abrasion and the like of the traditional fire grate.

The seventh embodiment: referring to fig. 1-12 to illustrate the present embodiment, in the mechanical grate of the present embodiment, comb-tooth-type sealing mechanisms 29 are fixedly installed on two sides of the grate support 1, each comb-tooth-type sealing mechanism 29 includes a first comb plate 30 and a second comb plate 31, multiple sets of first comb teeth 32 are arranged on the first comb plate 30, multiple sets of second comb teeth 33 are arranged on the second comb plate 31, the first comb plate 30 and the second comb plate 31 are arranged in parallel, the first comb plate 30 and the second comb plate 31 are fixedly installed on the grate support 1, and the first comb teeth 32 and the second comb teeth 33 are arranged in a staggered manner. By the arrangement, the comb-tooth type elastic side sealing mechanism 29 can adapt to transverse thermal expansion and cold contraction of the grate stoker and can meet the design requirement of a closed type sectional air chamber.

It should be noted that, in the above embodiments, as long as the technical solutions can be aligned and combined without contradiction, those skilled in the art can exhaust all possibilities according to the mathematical knowledge of the alignment and combination, and therefore the present invention does not describe the technical solutions after alignment and combination one by one, but it should be understood that the technical solutions after alignment and combination have been disclosed by the present invention.

This embodiment is only illustrative of the patent and does not limit the scope of protection thereof, and those skilled in the art can make modifications to its part without departing from the spirit of the patent.

Claims (9)

1. Mechanical grate, its characterized in that: the single welding static type grate comprises a grate support (1), a single welding static type grate (2) and at least one group of multi-section inclined horizontal reciprocating mechanical grates (3), wherein the single welding static type grate (2) and the at least one group of multi-section inclined horizontal reciprocating mechanical grates (3) are arranged on the grate support (1) in an inclined mode, and the single welding static type grate (2) and the multi-section inclined horizontal reciprocating mechanical grates (3) are arranged in a staggered mode.

2. The mechanical grate of claim 1, wherein: the single welded static fire grate (2) comprises fixed short fire grate pieces (4) and fixed fire grate vertical plate beams (5), the fixed fire grate vertical plate beams (5) are welded and installed on the fire grate support (1), and the fixed short fire grate pieces (4) are embedded on the fixed fire grate vertical plate beams (5);

the multi-segment inclined horizontal reciprocating mechanical grate (3) comprises a movable long grate segment (6), a single-shaft cam (7), a square shaft (8), concave tiles (9), concave tile supports (10), connecting rods (11), connecting seats (12), a rotating disc (13) and a variable frequency motor (14), wherein the concave tile supports (10) are welded and installed on a grate support (1), the concave tiles (9) are welded and installed on the concave tile supports (10), the single-shaft cam (7) is embedded in the concave tiles (9), the movable long grate segment (6) is embedded on the single-shaft cam (7), the square shaft (8) is installed at the center position of the single-shaft cam (7), the connecting seats (12) are installed at the output end of the square shaft (8), the connecting rods (11) are hinged and installed on the connecting seats (12), the variable frequency motor (14) is installed on the grate support (1) through a motor support (15), the output end of the variable frequency motor (14) is provided with a rotating disc (13), and the connecting rod (11) is hinged with the rotating disc (13);

the movable long furnace plate (6) and the fixed short furnace grate plate (4) are arranged in a laminated mode at intervals.

3. The mechanical grate of claim 2, wherein: the concave tile support (10) comprises a first vertical plate (16), a second vertical plate (17) and a transverse plate (18), the bottoms of the first vertical plate (16) and the second vertical plate (17) are welded and installed on the grate support (1), the transverse plate (18) penetrates between the first vertical plate (16) and the second vertical plate (17) and is installed, the concave tile (9) is a semicircular seat with a notch in the top, and the bottom of the concave tile (9) is welded and installed at the upper ends of the first vertical plate (16) and the second vertical plate (17).

4. The mechanical grate of claim 2, wherein: the movable long furnace piece (6) is a rectangular body, weight reduction grooves (19) are machined in the front side and the rear side of the movable long furnace piece (6), a first U-shaped groove (20) used for embedding a single-shaft cam (7) is machined in the left side of the movable long furnace piece (6), a top material shifting tooth (21) is arranged on the top end face of the movable long furnace piece (6), and a front end material shifting tooth (22) is machined in the right side of the movable long furnace piece (6).

5. The mechanical grate of claim 2, wherein: the fixed grate vertical plate beam (5) comprises square steel (25) and a vertical pipe (26), the bottom of the square steel (25) is fixedly arranged on the grate support (1), and the vertical pipe (26) is welded at the top of the square steel (25);

the fixed short fire grate segment (4) is a rectangular body, second weight reduction grooves (23) are machined in the front side and the rear side of the fixed short fire grate segment (4), a second U-shaped groove (24) is machined in the left side of the fixed short fire grate segment (4), and the fixed short fire grate segment (4) is installed in a matched mode with the vertical pipe (26) through the second U-shaped groove (24).

6. The mechanical grate of claim 2, wherein: the center processing of unipolar cam (7) has the quad slit, square shaft (8) penetrate and install in the quad slit of unipolar cam (7) center department, have bellying (27) on the outer wall of unipolar cam (7), unipolar cam (7) are installed on activity long furnace plate (6) through bellying (27) embedding.

7. The mechanical grate of claim 2, wherein: and water cooling pipes (28) are arranged on two sides of the fixed grate vertical plate beam (5) and the concave tile support (10).

8. The mechanical grate of claim 2, wherein: comb-tooth type sealing mechanisms (29) are fixedly arranged on two sides of the fire grate support (1).

9. The mechanical grate of claim 8, wherein: comb-tooth sealing mechanism (29) includes first comb plate (30) and second comb plate (31), arranged first broach of multiunit (32) on first comb plate (30), arranged multiunit second broach (33) on second comb plate (31), first comb plate (30) and second comb plate (31) are parallel arrangement each other, and first comb plate (30) and second comb plate (31) are fixed ann on grate support (1), first broach (32) and second broach (33) staggered arrangement.

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