CN214848971U - Battery module and energy storage system - Google Patents

Abstract

The application relates to a battery module and energy storage system, this battery module includes: a plurality of unit batteries including a first explosion-proof valve; the drainage device is provided with an accommodating cavity which is communicated with the outside; wherein, drainage device is located the battery cell top along direction of height Z, and the thermal current of first explosion-proof valve spun can be discharged through holding the chamber. In this application, the thermal current is outside holding the chamber discharge battery module to prevent that the thermal current from diffusing at random and spreading, guaranteed the steady operation of other battery cells, promoted battery cell job stabilization nature, and then promoted whole energy storage system's safety in utilization. The energy storage system further comprises a box body, the battery modules are installed on the box body, so that the installation stability and the working stability of the battery modules are improved, and the working performance of the whole energy storage system is improved.

Description

Battery module and energy storage system

Technical Field

The application relates to the field of energy storage devices, in particular to a battery module and an energy storage system.

Background

The current global automobile industry faces a great challenge to energy and environmental problems, and pure electric automobiles with high energy utilization rate and no environmental pollution increasingly become the development direction of the future automobile industry. As a core component of the pure electric vehicle, the performance of the power battery directly influences the overall performance of the pure electric vehicle. Power battery includes the battery module, and the battery module comprises a plurality of battery cell, and one or more battery cell exist the risk of taking place thermal runaway in the battery module course of operation, and the high-pressure thermal current of high temperature is produced when battery cell thermal runaway, and the thermal current can be followed first explosion-proof valve and discharged the back, leads to high temperature thermal current to spread, influences whole energy storage system, increases the potential safety hazard.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The application provides a battery module and energy storage system, this energy storage system can discharge the high temperature thermal current that produces with monomer elevator thermal runaway, reduces the risk that high temperature thermal current spreads to improve whole energy storage system's safety in utilization.

The present application provides in a first aspect a battery module including:

a plurality of unit batteries including a first explosion-proof valve;

the drainage device is provided with an accommodating cavity which is communicated with the outside;

wherein, drainage device is located the battery cell top along direction of height Z, and the thermal current of first explosion-proof valve spun can be discharged through holding the chamber.

In this application, the thermal current is outside holding the chamber discharge battery module to prevent that the thermal current from diffusing at random and spreading, guaranteed other battery cell's steady operation, promoted battery cell job stabilization nature, and then promoted whole energy storage system's safety in utilization.

In one possible design, the drainage device comprises a body piece and a heat insulation piece, wherein the body piece and the heat insulation piece are connected and enclose a containing cavity;

the heat insulating member is disposed toward the unit cells.

In one possible design, the drainage device further comprises a release member, the thermal insulation member and the release member are connected through a breakable portion, and the breakable portion can be broken under the action of heat flow to form the opening.

In one possible design, the drainage device comprises a plurality of guides, and the guides extend in the height direction Z and abut the battery cells;

the guide portion surrounds the first explosion-proof valve.

In one possible design, the drainage device further comprises a plurality of sealing rings, and the sealing rings are arranged on the guide part;

the sealing ring is abutted against the single battery.

In one possible design, along the length direction Y, the battery module comprises end plates which are arranged oppositely, the drainage device is symmetrically provided with second installation parts, and the second installation parts are connected with the end plates;

along direction of height Z, the second installation department is buckled downwards for drainage device.

In one possible design, the drainage device further comprises a spray head, and the accommodating cavity is communicated with the outside through the spray head.

In one possible design, the battery module comprises a shell, wherein the shell is provided with a cavity, and the cavity is communicated with an accommodating cavity;

the cavity can be communicated with the outside.

In one possible design, the shell comprises end plates which are oppositely arranged along the length direction, each end plate is provided with a first cavity, and each first cavity is provided with an opening communicated with the outside;

the battery module further comprises a first conversion piece, and the first cavity is communicated with the accommodating cavity through the first conversion piece.

In one possible design, the drainage device comprises a body piece and a sealing ring, the body piece is provided with a second mounting groove, and the sealing ring is mounted in the second mounting groove;

the sealing ring is in interference fit with the second mounting groove.

In one possible embodiment, the shell further comprises at least one first longitudinal beam, which extends in the width direction and is connected to the end plate;

the first longitudinal beam is provided with a second cavity, the second cavity is communicated with the first cavity, and the second cavity can be communicated with the outside.

In one possible design, the battery module comprises at least two battery strings, and the first longitudinal beam is positioned between the adjacent battery strings;

the second cavity is internally provided with a partition part which divides the second cavity into a first sub-cavity and a second sub-cavity which are distributed along the length direction.

In one possible design, the battery module further includes a second adaptor, and the second adaptor is communicated with the first cavity and the second cavity.

In one possible design, the shell further comprises second longitudinal beams arranged oppositely along the length direction and cross beams arranged oppositely along the width direction, and the single battery is located in an area formed by connecting the second longitudinal beams and the cross beams;

the second longitudinal beam and the cross beam are provided with a third cavity communicated with each other, and the third cavity is communicated with the second cavity and the first cavity.

In one possible design, the first longitudinal beam is provided with a second explosion-proof valve, and the second explosion-proof valve is communicated with the second cavity.

In one possible embodiment, a second insulating layer is arranged between the housing and the battery cell.

A second aspect of the present application provides an energy storage system, comprising:

the battery module, battery module is above any one battery module.

In this application, energy storage system still includes the box, and the battery module is installed in the box to increase the steadiness and the job stabilization nature of battery module installation, make whole energy storage system's working property obtain promoting.

It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the application.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery module provided in the present application in one embodiment;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the drainage device of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a front view of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the assembled cell and drain of FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of portion I of FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of the body member of FIG. 2;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the construction of the thermal block of FIG. 2;

FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of the showerhead of FIG. 2;

FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of the seal ring of FIG. 2;

FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 9;

FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of an energy storage system provided herein in one embodiment;

FIG. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of an energy storage system provided herein in another exemplary embodiment;

FIG. 13 is a front view of FIG. 12;

fig. 14 is a schematic structural view of a battery module provided in the present application in another embodiment;

FIG. 15 is a schematic view of the drainage device of FIG. 14;

FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 15;

FIG. 17 is a schematic structural view of the body member of FIG. 15;

FIG. 18 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 17;

FIG. 19 is a schematic structural view of the first transition piece of FIG. 15;

FIG. 20 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 19;

FIG. 21 is a schematic structural view of the end plate of FIG. 14;

FIG. 22 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 14;

FIG. 23 is an enlarged view of portion I of FIG. 22;

FIG. 24 is a schematic structural diagram of an energy storage system provided herein in another exemplary embodiment;

FIG. 25 is a schematic view of the structure of the case of FIG. 24;

FIG. 26 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 25;

FIG. 27 is an enlarged view of section II of FIG. 26;

FIG. 28 is an enlarged view of section III of FIG. 26;

FIG. 29 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 24;

fig. 30 is an enlarged view of the portion IV of fig. 29.

Reference numerals:

1-a battery module;

11-a single cell;

111-a first explosion-proof valve;

12-a drainage device;

121-a receiving cavity;

122-a body member;

122 a-first seal;

122 b-a guide;

122 c-a second mounting portion;

122 d-mounting holes;

122 f-a second mounting groove;

122 g-drainage part;

122 h-first thermal insulation layer;

123-insulation;

124-a disengagement member;

125-frangible portion;

126-sealing ring;

126 a-a first mounting groove;

126 b-a first mounting face;

126 c-a second mounting surface;

126 d-second seal;

127-a spray head;

127 a-a first mounting portion;

127 b-a jet;

13-an end plate;

131-a first cavity;

131 a-an opening;

132-a second mounting hole;

14-a first transition piece;

141-a first transition;

142-a second transition part;

143-first mounting hole;

15-a second adaptor;

151-a third transition part;

152-a fourth switching part; 2-a shell;

21-a first stringer;

211-a second cavity;

211 a-first subchamber;

211 b-a second subchamber;

212-a second explosion-proof valve;

213-a spacer;

22-a second stringer;

23-a cross beam;

24-a third cavity;

25-a second thermally insulating layer;

3, a box body;

31-a first via;

32-a second via;

33-protective film.

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present application and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the application.

Detailed Description

For better understanding of the technical solutions of the present application, the following detailed descriptions of the embodiments of the present application are provided with reference to the accompanying drawings.

It should be understood that the embodiments described are only a few embodiments of the present application, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

The terminology used in the embodiments of the present application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. As used in the examples of this application and the appended claims, the singular forms "a", "an", and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

It should be understood that the term "and/or" as used herein is merely one type of association that describes an associated object, meaning that three relationships may exist, e.g., a and/or B may mean: a exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. In addition, the character "/" herein generally indicates that the former and latter related objects are in an "or" relationship.

It should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", and the like used in the embodiments of the present application are described in terms of the angles shown in the drawings, and should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of the present application. In addition, in this context, it will also be understood that when an element is referred to as being "on" or "under" another element, it can be directly on "or" under "the other element or be indirectly on" or "under" the other element via an intermediate element.

The embodiment of the application provides an energy storage system, and this energy storage system includes casing 2 and sets up at casing 2's battery module 1, and casing 2 can be made by aluminium, aluminum alloy or other metal material, has the holding chamber in the casing 2. In a possible design, when the energy storage system is a battery cabinet, as shown in fig. 12 and 13, the housing 2 may be a structure of the housing 2 with an open side, and includes a door plate, the size of the door plate is equivalent to the size of the opening at the side of the housing 2, the door plate may be fixed to the opening through a fixing member such as a bolt, so as to form a receiving cavity, and the door plate can move relative to the housing 2, so as to open or close the receiving cavity. Meanwhile, in order to improve the sealing property of the case 2, a sealing member may be further provided between the door panel and the case 2. In another embodiment, as shown in fig. 11, the energy storage system may also be a battery pack that is mounted to the vehicle body and provides power to the vehicle body.

The accommodating cavity of the shell 2 can accommodate one or more than two battery modules 1, the battery modules 1 can be arranged in the shell 2 side by side along the length direction of the energy storage system, also can be arranged in the width direction of the energy storage system side by side, and each battery module 1 is fixed with the shell 2.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the battery module 1 includes a plurality of unit batteries 11 and a frame structure, wherein the unit batteries 11 may be secondary batteries that can be repeatedly charged and discharged, an end plate 13 forms a cavity, and the plurality of unit batteries 11 are located in the cavity of the end plate 13 and stacked one another in the cavity. Herein, the stacking direction of the single battery 11 is defined as a length direction Y, and the plurality of single batteries 11 are stacked along the length direction to form a battery string, the battery module 1 may include one or more battery strings, when the plurality of battery strings are included, the arrangement direction of each battery string is defined as a width direction X, and a direction perpendicular to both the length direction Y and the width direction X is defined as a height direction Z.

The single battery 11 includes an electrode assembly, a cap assembly, and a case, wherein the case may be hexahedral or other shapes, an inner cavity is formed inside the case to accommodate the electrode assembly and electrolyte, one end of the case is open so that the electrode assembly can be placed in the inner cavity of the case through the opening, and a plurality of electrode assemblies may be disposed in the inner cavity and stacked one on another. The housing may include a metal material, such as aluminum or aluminum alloy, and may also include an insulating material, such as plastic.

Generally, the number of the single batteries 11 of the energy storage system is large, when thermal runaway of any single battery 11 in the energy storage system occurs, high-temperature heat flow is discharged from the first explosion-proof valve 111, and the high-temperature heat flow is spread due to untimely processing, so that combustion of other single batteries 11 and even the whole energy storage system is caused. In order to avoid the problem, the scheme in the prior art generally arranges a fire extinguishing system in the energy storage system, when the single battery 11 is out of control due to heat, the fire extinguishing system of the energy storage system is triggered, the immersed water fire extinguishing system injects water into the whole energy storage system to extinguish the fire of the whole energy storage system, and the fire extinguishing mode causes the electric devices of the whole energy storage system to be scrapped due to water soaking, so that the cost is wasted.

In order to solve the technical problem, the present application provides a battery module 1, as shown in fig. 1, the battery module 1 includes a drainage device 12, the drainage device 12 is provided with an accommodating cavity 121, and the accommodating cavity 121 is communicated with the outside; wherein, the drainage device 12 is located above the single battery 11 along the height direction Z, and the heat flow ejected from the first explosion-proof valve 111 can be discharged through the accommodating cavity 121.

In this embodiment, install first explosion-proof valve 111 on the battery cell 11, when battery cell 11 takes place the thermal runaway, the thermal current can be discharged through first explosion-proof valve 111 to in entering the chamber 121 that holds of drainage device 12 that is located battery cell 11 top, outside holding chamber 121 discharge battery module 1, thereby realize the directional of thermal current and discharge, prevent that the thermal current from spreading in battery module 1 and other battery cells 11 that lead to take place the burning, improve the security of other battery cells 11 and battery module 1. Meanwhile, as the heat flow is discharged out of the battery module 1, water spraying and fire extinguishing are not needed, and scrapping caused by soaking or pollution of all the single batteries 11 in the energy storage system is avoided, so that the service life of the battery module 1 is prolonged, the maintenance period of the energy storage system is shortened, and the maintenance cost is reduced.

In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, 4 and 5, the drainage device 12 includes a body member 122 and a thermal insulation member 123, the body member 122 and the thermal insulation member 123 being connected and enclosing a receiving cavity 121; the heat insulator 123 is disposed toward the unit cells 11.

In this embodiment, heat insulating part 123 sets up towards monomer battery 11, and after the heat current got into and holds chamber 121, heat current and monomer battery 11 can be kept apart to heat insulating part 123, prevents that the heat current from producing the influence to other monomer batteries 11 when holding chamber 121 internal flow to the job stabilization nature of monomer battery 11 has been improved, has improved energy storage system's safety in utilization. Meanwhile, when the drainage device 12 includes the body member 122, the body member 122 may be a heat insulating material or a non-heat insulating material, and when the body member 122 is a non-heat insulating material, the cost can be reduced.

The heat insulating member 123 is a high temperature resistant heat insulating material, and is usually a phlogopite or biotite, or a gothic material, and may be a plate, a sheet, or a film, and the thickness thereof may be determined according to the positive and negative electrode materials of the battery cell 11, the burst pressure, and the like. The insulation panel may be attached to body member 122 by any of adhesive, snap fit, rivet, and screw attachment depending on the thickness of the insulation panel.

Under the effect of thermal current, the lateral wall that holds chamber 121 can form the opening, and the lateral wall that the thermal current of being convenient for broke through and hold chamber 121 gets into and holds chamber 121 to make the thermal current can get into fast and hold chamber 121 in, further reduce the risk that the thermal current influences other battery cells 11, improve battery cell 11's security.

More specifically, as shown in fig. 4, 5 and 7, the drainage device 12 further comprises a release member 124, the thermal insulation member 123 is connected with the release member 124 through a breakable portion 125, and the breakable portion 125 can be broken by the heat flow to form an opening.

In the present embodiment, when thermal runaway of the unit cell occurs to cause heat flow to be discharged from the first explosion-proof valve 111, the breakable part 125 connecting the heat insulating member 123 and the release member 124 can be broken by the impact force of the heat flow, thereby breaking the connection between the heat insulating member 123 and the release member 124, and the release member 124 can be moved in a direction away from the heat insulating member 123 by the heat flow, thereby forming the above-mentioned opening between the release member 124 and the heat insulating member 123, and the heat flow can enter the accommodation chamber 121 from the opening between the release member 124 and the heat insulating member 123. Therefore, in this embodiment, the breakable portion 125 is disposed between the detachment member 124 and the thermal insulation member 123, so that the heat flow can rapidly enter the accommodating cavity 121, and the heat flow is rapidly discharged, thereby further improving the working stability and the use safety of the energy storage system.

The breakable portion 125 between the detachment member 124 and the thermal insulation member 123 may be a break point or a virtual knife line.

In another embodiment, the opening of the sidewall of the accommodating chamber 121 is not necessarily an opening between the release member 124 and the heat insulating member 123, and may be: the heat insulator 123 is connected with a weak portion (between which a breakable portion is not required) which has a lower strength than the heat insulator 123 (for example, the weak portion has a thickness smaller than that of the heat insulator 123) and which can be broken to form an opening by the heat flow.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 6, the drainage device 12 includes a plurality of guide portions 122b, and as shown in fig. 5, the guide portions 122b extend in the height direction Z and abut against the unit batteries 11; the guide portion 122b surrounds the first explosion-proof valve 111.

In this embodiment, when the drainage device 12 includes the guide portion 122b, a preset distance is formed between the accommodating cavity 121 and the single battery 11 along the height direction Z, and the cavity of the guide portion 122b surrounds the first explosion-proof valve 111, when thermal runaway occurs in the single battery 11, which causes heat to flow through the first explosion-proof valve 111 to be discharged, the heat flows through the cavity of the guide portion 122b to enter the accommodating cavity 121, so that the heat flows are further prevented from being diffused outwards, and the safety of the battery module 1 is improved.

The guide portions 122b correspond to the first explosion-proof valves 111 on the single batteries 11 one by one, and the guide portions 122b and the body member 122 can be integrally formed, so that the connection strength between the guide portions 122b and the body member 122 is improved, and the service life of the guide portions 122b is prolonged.

More specifically, as shown in fig. 2 and 9, the drainage device 12 further includes a plurality of sealing rings 126, and as shown in fig. 5, the sealing rings 126 are attached to the guide portions 122b, and the sealing rings 126 abut against the battery cells 11.

In this embodiment, the sealing ring 126 seals the gap between the guide portion 122b and the single battery 11, so as to seal the inner cavity of the guide portion 122b and the accommodating cavity 121, prevent heat flow from overflowing to the single battery 11 through the guide portion 122b, thereby increasing the sealing performance of the drainage device 12 and increasing the working stability of the single battery 11.

The sealing ring 126 is a high temperature resistant, flame retardant, elastic material with certain compressibility, and its general molding process is injection molding.

As shown in fig. 9 and 10, the sealing ring 126 includes a first mounting groove 126a, and as shown in fig. 5, at least a portion of the guide portion 122b is located in the first mounting groove 126 a; the guide portion 122b is interference-fitted with the first mounting groove 126 a. As shown in fig. 6, the guide part 122b has a thickness a, and as shown in fig. 10, the first mounting groove 126a has a width b, where b < a, i.e., the guide part 122b is in interference fit with the first mounting groove 126a, so that the guide part 122b is tightly coupled with the first mounting groove 126a, thereby improving the stability of coupling the guide part 122b with the sealing ring 126. Meanwhile, the guide part 122b is connected with the sealing ring 126 through the matching of the guide part 122b and the first mounting groove 126a, so that the connection mode between the guide part 122b and the sealing ring 126 is simplified, the structure and the material required for connection are reduced, and the cost is reduced.

As shown in fig. 9 and 10, the seal ring 126 further includes a first mounting surface 126b, a second mounting surface 126c, and a second seal portion 126 d. When the seal ring 126 is attached to the guide portion 122b, the first attachment surface 126b abuts against the body member 122 of the drainage device 12, the second attachment surface 126c abuts against the guide portion 122b, and the second seal portion 126d abuts against the battery cell 11, thereby sealing the accommodation chamber 121. Meanwhile, the second sealing portion 126d abuts against the single battery 11, so that the guide portion 122b is prevented from directly contacting the single battery 11, the single battery 11 is prevented from being damaged by the guide portion 122b in the installation or carrying process, and the service life of the single battery 11 is prolonged.

In any of the above embodiments, as shown in fig. 2, along the length direction Y, the battery module 1 includes the end plates 13 disposed oppositely, the drainage device 12 is symmetrically provided with the second mounting portions 122c, and the second mounting portions 122c are connected to the end plates 13; the second mounting portion 122c is bent downward relative to the drainage device 12 in the height direction Z.

In the present embodiment, when the heat flows into the accommodating cavity 121, which may cause the temperature of the drainage device 12 to rise, the second mounting portion 122c is bent downward relative to the drainage device 12 along the height direction Z, so that a gap exists between the accommodating cavity 121 of the drainage device 12 and the battery cell 11 along the height direction Z, thereby providing a space for the guide portion 122 b.

Wherein, the height of second installation portion 122c is higher than the height of guide portion 122b on body spare 122, prevents that guide portion 122b and battery cell 11 from interfering in the installation, leads to drainage device 12 to connect unstablely or damage battery cell 11 to guarantee the stability that drainage device 12 connects, prolong battery cell 11's life simultaneously.

The second mounting portion 122c and the end plate 13 may be connected by welding or fastening.

In addition, as shown in fig. 2 and fig. 6, along the length direction Y, the drainage device 12 is oppositely provided with a first sealing portion 122a, and the first sealing portion 122a seals the accommodating cavity 121, so as to prevent the heat flow from overflowing the accommodating cavity 121, thereby improving the working stability of the drainage device 12.

In any of the above embodiments, as shown in fig. 2 and 8, the drainage device 12 further includes a spray head 127, and the accommodating cavity 121 is communicated with the outside through the spray head 127.

In this embodiment, the heat flow enters the receiving chamber 121 and is then discharged through the nozzle 127. Due to the existence of the spray head 127, heat flow can be discharged at a preset position, so that the structure of the battery module 1 is simplified, and the cost is reduced.

As shown in fig. 8, the nozzle 127 includes a first mounting portion 127a and an injection portion 127b, and the heat flow enters the accommodating cavity 121 and is discharged through the injection portion 127 b; as shown in fig. 6, the body member 122 includes a mounting hole 122d, and the first mounting portion 127a of the head 127 is coupled with the mounting hole 122d of the body member 122. And the connection between spray head 127 and body member 122 may be a weld or a threaded connection.

In another embodiment, as shown in fig. 14, 22 and 23, the battery module 1 includes a housing 2, the housing 2 has a cavity, and the cavity is communicated with the accommodating cavity 121; the cavity can be communicated with the outside.

In this embodiment, the cavity intercommunication of casing 2 holds chamber 121 and the external world, and after the heat flow got into the chamber 121 that holds of drainage device 12, can arrange the external world through the cavity of casing 2, prevent that other battery cells 11 from generating thermal runaway under the influence of heat flow to arouse whole battery module 1's safety. Simultaneously, set up the cavity on casing 2, can increase the volume that is arranged in holding the high temperature high pressure thermal current that the thermal runaway produced in the battery module, when only a small amount of battery cell 11 takes place to damage, the thermal current that produces can be kept in casing 2's cavity, prevents fire extinguishing system's maloperation to ensure the stability of other battery cell 11 works. Consequently, casing 2 is provided with the cavity, can increase the stability of battery cell 11 work, and then improves the safety in utilization of whole battery module 1, prolongs battery module 1's life, promotes user's use and experiences.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 14, 22 and 23, the housing 2 includes end plates 13 disposed oppositely in the length direction Y, the end plates 13 having first cavities 131, as shown in fig. 21, the first cavities 131 being provided with openings 131a communicating with the outside; the battery module 1 further comprises a first adaptor 14, and the first cavity 131 is communicated with the accommodating cavity 121 through the first adaptor 14.

In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 14, since the drainage device 12 is located above the unit cells 11 in the height direction Z, and the end plates 13 are oppositely arranged in the length direction Y, the drainage device 12 and the end plates 13 are located on different planes, that is, the moving direction of the heat flow in the accommodating cavity 121 and the moving direction in the first cavity 131 are located on different planes. Therefore, the first transfer member 14 is disposed between the first cavity 131 and the accommodating cavity 121, so that the first cavity 131 and the accommodating cavity 121 can be conveniently communicated, the structure of the battery module 1 is simplified, and the production cost of the battery module 1 is reduced. When the drainage device 12 is perpendicular to the end plate 13, as shown in fig. 19 and 20, the cross section of the first adapter 14 is L-shaped and derivatives thereof, so that the first adapter 14 has a simple structural form, and is convenient to install and replace while reducing the cost.

As shown in fig. 19 and 20, the first adapter 14 is provided with a first adapter portion 141 and a second adapter portion 142, and the first adapter portion 141 and the second adapter portion 142 are communicated so as to communicate the first cavity 131 with the accommodating cavity 121. The outer contour of the first transition part 141 is the same as the inner contour of the first cavity 131 on the end plate 13, and the size of the first transition part is slightly smaller than the inner contour of the first cavity 131; the outer contour of the second adapter portion 142 corresponds to the inner contour of the receiving cavity 121 of the drainage device 12, and the size of the second adapter portion is slightly smaller than the inner contour of the receiving cavity 121. Therefore, first switching portion 141 is connected in end plate 13, second switching portion 142 is connected in drainage device 12, it communicates through first adaptor 14 to hold chamber 121 and first cavity 131, end plate 13 and drainage device 12 are through first adaptor 14 fixed mounting, the mounting structure of end plate 13 and drainage device 12 can be simplified to this kind of structural style, reduce the required structure quantity of installation, make battery module 1's manufacturing cost reduce, can reduce battery module 1's size simultaneously, increase battery module 1's application scope, promote user's use and experience.

The second adapter part 142 and the drainage device 12 are hermetically connected in a manner of brazing, laser welding, CMT welding and the like after being nested, and as shown in fig. 19 and 20, the profile of the second adapter part 142 is T-shaped, when the first adapter part 14 and the drainage device 12 are installed, the T-shaped structure of the second adapter part 142 can limit the drainage device 12, so that the installation accuracy of the first adapter part 14 and the drainage device 12 is improved. As shown in fig. 19, at least one first mounting hole 143 is further formed on the first adapter 14, second mounting holes 132 corresponding to the first mounting holes 143 are formed in the end plate 13, and fasteners are placed in the first mounting holes 143 and the second mounting holes 132, so that the first adapter 14 is fixedly connected with the end plate 13, and the stability of the connection between the first adapter 14 and the end plate 13 is improved.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 15 and 16, the drainage device 12 includes a body member 122 and a sealing ring 126, and as shown in fig. 17 and 18, the body member 122 is provided with a second mounting groove 122f, and the sealing ring 126 is mounted in the second mounting groove 122 f; the sealing ring 126 is in interference fit with the second mounting groove 122 f.

In this embodiment, sealing washer 126 can seal the gap between battery cell 11 and the drainage device 12 to sealed drainage device 12 hold chamber 121, prevent that the in-process that the thermal current got into from battery cell 11's first explosion-proof valve 111 from holding chamber 121 from overflowing, influence other battery cell 11's stable work, consequently, set up sealing washer 126 and can improve drainage device 12's closure, thereby guarantee the stability of battery cell 11 work. As shown in fig. 16, the sealing ring 126 is installed in the second installation groove 122f of the body member 122, and the sealing ring 126 and the second installation groove 122f are tightly connected through interference fit therebetween, which can simplify the connection between the sealing ring 126 and the drainage device 12, thereby reducing the structural complexity and saving the cost. In addition, as shown in fig. 16, at least part of the sealing ring 126 is located outside the second mounting groove 122f, so that a gap exists between the single battery 11 and the drainage device 12, after heat flow enters the drainage device 12, the temperature of the body part 122 of the drainage device 12 can rise, and the gap exists between the single battery 11 and the drainage device 12 under the action of the sealing ring 126, so that the high temperature of the drainage device 12 can be prevented from being transmitted to the single battery 11, the working stability of the single battery 11 is ensured, and the use safety of the battery module 1 is further improved.

As shown in fig. 15 and 17, the drainage device 12 is provided with a plurality of drainage portions 122g corresponding to the first explosion-proof valves 111 of the unit batteries 11 one by one, and the second installation groove surrounds the drainage portions 122g, so that the sealing ring 126 is installed on the periphery of the drainage portions 122 g.

The sealing ring 126 is made of materials such as FLS fluorosilicone rubber, EPDM ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber, PU polyurethane rubber, and the like through processes such as cutting and injection molding.

In addition, as shown in fig. 17, a first thermal insulation layer 122h is further disposed on the body member 122, and the first thermal insulation layer 122h is disposed between the body member 122 and the single battery 11, so as to insulate the drainage device 12 and the single battery 11, and further improve the stability of the operation of other single batteries 11. The first heat insulating layer 122h may be formed by attaching an epoxy resin impregnated powder process, or may be formed by attaching a heat insulating material such as mica paper to the surface of the body 122 by a process such as adhesion or hot pressing.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 24 and 25, the shell 2 further includes at least one first longitudinal beam 21, the first longitudinal beam 21 extending in the width direction X and being connected to the end plate 13; the first longitudinal beam 21 is provided with a second cavity 211, the second cavity 211 is communicated with the first cavity 131, and the second cavity 211 can be communicated with the outside.

In this embodiment, the single batteries 11 are arranged in the battery string along the length direction Y, when a plurality of battery strings are arranged along the width direction X, the first longitudinal beam 21 is arranged between adjacent battery strings, the second cavity 211 of the first longitudinal beam 21 is communicated with the first cavity 131 of the end plate 13, and when the single batteries 11 are damaged, the generated heat flows enter the first cavity 131 of the end plate 13 through the accommodating cavity 121 of the drainage device 12 and then are discharged to the outside of the battery module 1 through the second cavity 211 of the first longitudinal beam 21. Set up second cavity 211 on first longeron 21, can guarantee the timely discharge of the thermal current that every battery cluster produced to guarantee the stability of other battery cell 11 work, promote battery module 1's safety in utilization.

More specifically, as shown in fig. 26 and 27, the battery module 1 includes at least two battery strings, with the first longitudinal beam 21 located between the adjacent battery strings; the second chamber 211 is provided therein with a partition 213, and the partition 213 divides the second chamber 211 into a first sub-chamber 211a and a second sub-chamber 211b distributed along the length direction Y.

In the present embodiment, since the first longitudinal beam 21 is installed between adjacent cell strings, as shown in fig. 26 and 27, the first longitudinal beam 21 is provided with a partition 213, the partition 213 divides the second cavity 211 into a first sub-cavity 211a and a second sub-cavity 211b arranged along the length direction Y, and along the length direction Y, the side of the first sub-cavity 211a away from the second sub-cavity 211b and the side of the second sub-cavity 211b away from the first sub-cavity 211a are both provided with the end plate 13, and the two sub-cavities are respectively communicated with the first cavity 131 of the corresponding end plate 13, wherein the first sub-cavity 211a and the second sub-cavity 211b are respectively used for storing heat flows generated when different cell strings are out of control due to heat.

In this embodiment, the isolation portion 213 is configured to prevent the heat flow of the first sub-cavity 211a from entering the second sub-cavity 211b and prevent the heat flow of the second sub-cavity 211b from entering the first sub-cavity 211a, so that the heat flow when the thermal runaway of the single battery is avoided from entering the adjacent battery string to induce the secondary thermal runaway of other single batteries 11 and the battery module 1. Therefore, the isolation part 213 prevents the mutual influence between the battery strings, thereby improving the stability of the operation of the battery module 1 and extending the service life of the battery module 1.

More specifically, as shown in fig. 27, the battery module 1 further includes a second adaptor 15, and the second adaptor 15 communicates the first cavity 131 and the second cavity 211.

In the present embodiment, the end plates 13 are disposed oppositely along the length direction Y, the first longitudinal beams 21 are disposed oppositely along the width direction X, and the end plates 13 are abutted against the first longitudinal beams 21, so that the end plates 13 are disposed perpendicularly to the first longitudinal beams 21, that is, the flow direction of the heat flow in the first cavities 131 of the end plates 13 is perpendicular to the flow direction in the second cavities 211 of the first longitudinal beams 21. Therefore, the second adaptor 15 is provided to facilitate the communication between the first cavity 131 and the second cavity 211, thereby simplifying the structure of the battery module 1 and reducing the cost.

As shown in fig. 27, the second adaptor 15 is provided with a third adaptor portion 151 and a fourth adaptor portion 152, and the third adaptor portion 151 and the fourth adaptor portion 152 are communicated with each other, so as to facilitate the passage of heat flow. The third adapter 151 is mounted in the first cavity 131, and an outer contour of the third adapter 151 is slightly smaller than an inner contour of the first cavity 131; the fourth adapter 152 is mounted in the second cavity 211, and an outer size of the fourth adapter 152 is slightly smaller than an inner size of the second cavity 211, so as to facilitate mounting of the second adapter 15.

The second adaptor 15 is formed by machining aluminum alloy or die-casting aluminum alloy (or magnesium alloy).

Specifically, as shown in fig. 25, 26 and 28, the housing 2 further includes second longitudinal beams 22 disposed opposite to each other in the length direction Y and cross beams 23 disposed opposite to each other in the width direction X, and the single cells 11 are located in a region formed by connecting the second longitudinal beams 22 and the cross beams 23; the second longitudinal beam 22 and the cross beam 23 are provided with a third cavity 24 communicated with each other, and the third cavity 24 is communicated with the second cavity 211 and the first cavity 131.

In the present embodiment, the second longitudinal beam 22 and the cross beam 23 are both provided with a third cavity 24, and the third cavity 24 is communicated with the first cavity 131 and the second cavity 211, so as to increase the cavity volume of the housing. After the heat flow entered the first cavity 131, the heat flow entered the second cavity 211 and the third cavity 24, so that the heat flow stored in the housing 2 is increased, the service life of the battery module 1 is prolonged, the use performance of the battery module 1 is improved, and the use experience of the user is improved.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 24 and 25, the first longitudinal beam 21 is provided with a second explosion-proof valve 212, and the second explosion-proof valve 212 communicates with the second cavity 211.

In this embodiment, after the heat flow enters the second cavity 211 and the third cavity 24 through the first cavity 131, when a small amount of single batteries 11 are out of thermal runaway, because the generated heat flow is less, the second cavity 211 and the third cavity 24 can contain the less heat flow, at this time, the second explosion-proof valve 212 is in the effect of ventilation balance, so that the air pressure in the second cavity 211 and the third cavity 24 is balanced with the outside, and the housing 2 of the battery module 1 is not damaged. When a plurality of battery cells 11 take place thermal runaway, the atmospheric pressure of second cavity 211 and third cavity 24 promotes sharply for second explosion-proof valve 212 explodes, discharges the thermal current to the external world, thereby guarantees battery module 1's safety, has prolonged other battery cell 11's life.

As shown in fig. 25, the second explosion-proof valve 212 may be provided on the upper end surface of the first longitudinal beam 21.

In any of the above embodiments, as shown in fig. 22 and 23, a second insulating layer 25 is provided between the case 2 and the unit cell 11.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 29 and fig. 30, after the heat flow generated by the single battery 11 enters the accommodating cavity 121, the pressure of the accommodating cavity 121 is gradually increased due to the action of the sealing ring 126, the heat flow passes through the first cavity 131, the second cavity 211 and the third cavity 24 under the action of the pressure, and due to the second heat insulation layer 25 arranged between the housing 2 and the single battery 11, after the heat flow enters the first cavity 131, the heat flow does not transfer to other single batteries 11, so that the other single batteries 11 are heated and thermal runaway is induced, and a chain reaction is further caused. Therefore, the provision of the second heat insulating layer 25 can further improve the operational stability and the operational safety of the battery module 1.

In addition, the surface of the drainage device 12 far away from the single battery 11 is provided with an FPC7 or a PCBA, and the FPC7 or the PCBA is fixed on the drainage device 12 by mechanical fixing or back adhesive. Due to the existence of the second heat insulation layer 25, the FPC7 or the PCBA is also protected for a certain time, the temperature of the drainage device 12 is prevented from rising to damage the FPC7 or the PCBA, and therefore the service life of the FPC7 or the PCBA is prolonged.

A second aspect of the present application provides an energy storage system including the battery module 1 described in any one of the above.

In the first embodiment, as shown in fig. 11, generally, in order to protect the battery module 1, a case 3 is disposed on the periphery of the battery module 1, and the case 3 may be a separate structure. Be provided with the first through-hole 31 with shower nozzle 127 one-to-one on box 3 to expose shower nozzle 127 outside box 3, when battery cell 11 took place the thermal runaway, the thermal current was discharged outside box 3 through shower nozzle 127, thereby had guaranteed discharging smoothly of thermal current, had guaranteed the stability of other battery cell 11 work simultaneously.

As shown in fig. 12 and 13, in order to meet the requirements of the energy storage system for higher voltage and higher energy, a plurality of battery modules 1 are generally mounted on a battery cabinet provided with a bracket. As shown in fig. 12, the battery cabinet is provided with second through holes 32 and a protective film 33, the second through holes 32 correspond to the nozzles 127 one by one, or the second through holes 32 correspond to the second explosion-proof valves 212 one by one, or the second through holes 32 correspond to the openings 131a provided in the end plate 13 one by one; and a counter bore is arranged on the second through hole 32 and used for installing a protective film 33. When the heat flow sprayed from the nozzle 127 (or the second explosion-proof valve 212, or the opening 131a) reaches the second through hole 32, the protective film 33 is broken and separated, and the heat flow is sprayed out of the battery cabinet. As shown in fig. 13, in order to ensure smooth ejection of the heat flow, a tapered hole is provided on the other side of the second through hole 32.

The protective film 33 is made of a material that is easily melted and peeled off.

Meanwhile, a middle layer plate is arranged between the single batteries 11, the middle layer plate has a certain thickness, the adjacent single batteries 11 are separated, the single batteries 11 are prevented from being in direct contact, when the thermal runaway of one single battery 11 is avoided, heat is transferred to other adjacent single batteries 11, and then the initiation of the thermal runaway of the whole package is avoided. Therefore, the middle layer plate improves the working stability of the single battery 11 and improves the working safety of the energy storage system.

In the second embodiment, the energy storage system further includes a case 3, and the battery module 1 is mounted to the case 3. The box 3 is used for installing and supporting the battery module 1, thereby increasing the installation stability and the working stability of the battery module 1 and improving the working performance of the whole energy storage system.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims (17)

1. A battery module characterized in that the battery module (1) comprises:

a plurality of unit batteries (11), the unit batteries (11) including a first explosion-proof valve (111);

the drainage device (12), the drainage device (12) is provided with an accommodating cavity (121), and the accommodating cavity (121) is communicated with the outside;

the drainage device (12) is located above the single battery (11) along the height direction (Z), and heat flow sprayed by the first explosion-proof valve (111) can be discharged through the accommodating cavity (121).

2. The battery module according to claim 1, wherein the drainage device (12) comprises a body member (122) and a heat insulating member (123), the body member (122) and the heat insulating member (123) being connected and enclosing the housing chamber (121);

the heat insulator (123) is disposed toward the battery cell (11).

3. The battery module according to claim 2, wherein the drainage device (12) further comprises a release member (124), the thermal insulation member (123) and the release member (124) are connected by a frangible portion (125), and the frangible portion (125) can be broken by the heat flow to form an opening through which the heat flow enters the accommodation cavity (121).

4. The battery module according to claim 2, wherein the drainage device (12) comprises a plurality of guides (122b), and the guides (122b) extend in the height direction (Z) and abut the single cells (11);

the guide portion (122b) surrounds the first explosion-proof valve (111).

5. The battery module according to claim 4, wherein the drain device (12) further comprises a plurality of sealing rings (126), the sealing rings (126) being mounted to the guide portion (122 b);

the seal ring (126) abuts against the single battery (11).

6. The battery module according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the battery module (1) comprises end plates (13) arranged oppositely along the length direction (Y), and the drainage device (12) is provided with second mounting parts (122c) at two ends along the length direction (Y), wherein the second mounting parts (122c) are connected with the end plates (13);

the second mounting portion (122c) is bent downward relative to the drainage device (12) in the height direction (Z).

7. The battery module according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the drainage device (12) further comprises a spray head (127), and the accommodating cavity (121) is communicated with the outside through the spray head (127).

8. The battery module according to claim 1, wherein the battery module (1) comprises a housing (2), the housing (2) having a cavity communicating with the accommodation cavity (121);

the cavity can be communicated with the outside.

9. The battery module according to claim 8, wherein the housing (2) comprises end plates (13) arranged opposite to each other in the length direction (Y), the end plates (13) having first cavities (131), the first cavities (131) being provided with openings communicating with the outside;

the battery module (1) further comprises a first conversion piece (14), and the first cavity (131) is communicated with the accommodating cavity (121) through the first conversion piece (14).

10. The battery module according to claim 8, wherein the drainage device (12) includes a body member (122) and a sealing ring (126), the body member (122) being provided with a second mounting groove (122f), the sealing ring (126) being mounted to the second mounting groove (122 f);

the sealing ring (126) is in interference fit with the second mounting groove (122 f).

11. The battery module according to claim 9, wherein the housing (2) further comprises at least one first longitudinal beam (21), the first longitudinal beam (21) extending in the width direction (X) and being connected to the end plate (13);

the first longitudinal beam (21) is provided with a second cavity (211), the second cavity (211) is communicated with the first cavity (131), and the second cavity (211) can be communicated with the outside.

12. The battery module according to claim 11, characterized in that the battery module (1) comprises at least two battery strings, the first longitudinal beam (21) being located between adjacent battery strings;

and a partition part (213) is arranged in the second cavity body (211), and the partition part (213) divides the second cavity body (211) into a first sub-cavity (211a) and a second sub-cavity (211b) which are distributed along the length direction (Y).

13. The battery module according to claim 11, wherein the battery module (1) further comprises a second adaptor (15), the second adaptor (15) communicating the first cavity (131) and the second cavity (211).

14. The battery module according to claim 11, wherein the housing (2) further comprises second longitudinal beams (22) arranged oppositely in the length direction (Y) and cross beams (23) arranged oppositely in the width direction (X), and the single battery (11) is located in a region formed by connecting the second longitudinal beams (22) with the cross beams (23);

the second longitudinal beam (22) and the cross beam (23) are provided with a third cavity (24) communicated with each other, and the third cavity (24) is communicated with the second cavity (211) and the first cavity (131).

15. The battery module according to claim 11, characterized in that the first longitudinal beam (21) is provided with a second explosion-proof valve (212), the second explosion-proof valve (212) being in communication with the second cavity (211).

16. The battery module according to any one of claims 8 to 15, wherein a second thermal insulation layer (25) is provided between the housing (2) and the battery cell (11).

17. An energy storage system, characterized in that the energy storage system comprises a battery module (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 16.

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