CN214843020U - Gear contact ratio detecting system - Google Patents
Gear contact ratio detecting system Download PDFInfo
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- CN214843020U CN214843020U CN202121466646.0U CN202121466646U CN214843020U CN 214843020 U CN214843020 U CN 214843020U CN 202121466646 U CN202121466646 U CN 202121466646U CN 214843020 U CN214843020 U CN 214843020U
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Abstract
A gear contact ratio detection system comprises a first fixing frame and a central shaft arranged on the first fixing frame, wherein a central gear, a sleeve and a first transmission device are arranged on the central shaft, a plurality of bearings are arranged between the sleeve and the central shaft, a gear dividing disc and a second transmission device are sequentially arranged on the sleeve from top to bottom, three planetary gears are uniformly distributed on the gear dividing disc along the circumferential direction, and the three planetary gears are all meshed with the central gear; a light source, a computer and a shooting device for shooting the meshing transmission images of the tested planetary gear and the central gear are also arranged on one side of the first fixing frame, the shooting device comprises a camera, and the camera is in communication connection with the computer; the utility model discloses a gear contact ratio detecting system can be used to measure gear mechanism's addendum circle, dedendum circle, normal direction tooth pitch and gear drive's contact ratio, and the device has characteristics such as convenient operation, precision height, safe and reliable, is fit for promoting in engineering practice or the practice and teaching of colleges and universities, vocational colleges.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a gear manufacturing detects and experiment teaching instrument technical field, concretely relates to gear contact ratio detecting system.
Background
The mechanical design course is a professional core course of mechanical engineering major, and is mainly used for introducing structural characteristics and design methods of common parts. The gear transmission is a common transmission mode in mechanical design, and the transmission between shafts can be realized through the gear transmission. The contact ratio of the gear is an important parameter for measuring the continuity of the gear transmission and the uniformity of the transmitted load. Influenced by factors such as manufacturing precision, installation precision, load change, tooth profile abrasion and the like, the actual contact ratio of the gear in the transmission process can be changed, and the meshing performance of the gear is reduced.
The gear theory knowledge is also the teaching key and difficulty of the mechanical principle and the mechanical design course of the professional core courses of the academies and universities. The contact ratio of a pair of gears cannot be directly measured under the influence of the working environment of gear transmission, and the design and analysis of the contact ratio of the gears at present usually adopt the methods of theoretical calculation and virtual simulation analysis, so the contact ratio of the gear transmission is the key and difficult point of teaching.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
An object of the utility model is to provide a based on machine vision technique shoots gear transmission image through industry camera, uses image analysis software, measures gear mechanism's basic parameter and gear drive contact ratio's detecting system.
The utility model aims at adopting the following technical scheme to realize. According to the utility model provides a gear contact ratio detecting system, including first mount, install the center pin on first mount, the center pin from the top down installs sun gear in proper order, the sleeve, can drive the center pin when rotating and take place the first transmission of rotation, install a plurality of bearings between sleeve and the center pin, the sleeve from the top down installs the gear graduated disk in proper order and drives the sleeve to take place the second transmission of rotation when moving, evenly distributed has three planetary gear along circumference on the gear graduated disk, three planetary gear all meshes with sun gear and rotationally installs at the gear graduated disk; and one side of the first fixing frame is also provided with a light source, a computer and a shooting device for shooting the meshing transmission images of the tested planetary gear and the central gear, the shooting device comprises a camera, and the camera is in communication connection with the computer.
Preferably, the first transmission comprises a first worm wheel, a first worm meshed with the first worm wheel and a first hand wheel arranged at the end part of the first worm, and the first worm wheel is arranged on the central shaft.
Preferably, the second transmission device comprises a second worm wheel arranged on the sleeve, a second worm meshed with the second worm wheel, and a second hand wheel arranged at the end part of the second worm, and the second worm wheel is arranged on the sleeve.
Preferably, each planet gear is mounted on the gear index plate by a gear positioning slide plate.
Preferably, the shooting device further comprises a supporting rod arranged on one side of the first fixing frame and a mounting seat arranged on the supporting rod in a sliding manner, a plurality of sliding rods are arranged on the mounting seat, and the camera is arranged on the sliding rods in the sliding manner.
Preferably, the gear positioning sliding plate is movably arranged on the gear indexing disc through bolts so as to adjust the center distance between the planet gear and the sun gear, a plurality of through grooves are formed in the gear indexing disc, and the bolts sequentially penetrate through the gear positioning sliding plate and the through grooves and then install the gear positioning sliding plate on the gear indexing disc under the matching of nuts.
The utility model discloses following beneficial effect has:
1. the utility model discloses a gear contact ratio detecting system can be used to measure gear mechanism's addendum circle, dedendum circle, normal direction tooth pitch and gear drive's contact ratio, and has characteristics such as design science, compact structure, convenient operation, precision height, safe and reliable.
2. The utility model discloses a gear contact ratio detecting system is fit for promoting in engineering practice or the practice teaching of colleges and universities, vocational colleges.
The foregoing description is only an overview of the technical solutions of the present invention, and in order to make the technical means of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention can be implemented according to the content of the description, and in order to make the above and other objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the following preferred embodiments are mentioned below, and the detailed description is given below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is the utility model relates to a gear contact ratio detecting system's perspective view.
Fig. 2 is a right side view of fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a schematic perspective view (first view angle) of a gear contact ratio detection system (without a camera) according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic perspective view (second view angle) of a gear contact ratio detection system (without a camera) according to the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic perspective view (third view angle) of a gear contact ratio detection system (without a camera) according to the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a gear contact ratio detection system (not including a camera) according to the present invention.
Fig. 7 is an installation schematic diagram of the gear positioning slide plate and the gear index plate of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the base circles and normal pitches of the sun and planet gears.
Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the actual meshing line segment of the sun gear and the planet gear.
Detailed Description
To further illustrate the technical means and effects of the present invention adopted to achieve the predetermined purpose, the following detailed description will be given to the specific embodiments, structures, features and effects of the gear contact ratio detection system according to the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred examples.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, in the present embodiment, the end portion provided with the bracket is used as the front end, the end portion provided with the loading device is used as the rear end, and the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", and the like are the directions or positional relationships based on the drawings, which are only for convenience of description of the present invention and simplification of description, but do not indicate or imply that the indicated device or element must have a specific direction, be configured and operated in a specific direction, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1 to 9, a gear contact ratio detecting system includes a first fixing frame 1, the first fixing frame 1 includes an upper fixing plate 101, a lower fixing plate 102 and a plurality of supporting pillars 103 disposed between the upper fixing plate 101 and the lower fixing plate 102, the upper fixing plate 101 is provided with a mounting hole 1011, a central shaft 3 mounted on the lower fixing plate 102 via a second fixing member 2, a top end of the central shaft 3 penetrates through the mounting hole 1011, the central shaft 3 is sequentially mounted with a first transmission device 4, a sleeve 5 and a central gear 6 from bottom to top, the central gear 6 is mounted on the top end of the central shaft 3 in a bolt manner, a plurality of bearings 501 are mounted between an inner wall of the sleeve 5 and an outer wall of the central shaft 3, so that the sleeve 5 can rotate relative to the central shaft 3, the first transmission device 4 includes a first worm wheel 401, a first worm 402 engaged with the first worm wheel 4 and a first hand wheel 403 mounted at an end of the first worm 402, the first worm wheel 4 is installed on the central shaft 3 in a threaded matching mode, the first hand wheel 403 is rotated, the first worm 402 drives the first worm wheel 4 to rotate, the first worm wheel 4 drives the central shaft 3 to rotate and simultaneously drives the central gear 6 installed on the central shaft 3 to rotate, the sleeve 5 is sequentially provided with a gear indexing disc 8 and a second transmission device 7 which drives the sleeve 5 to rotate from top to bottom in motion, the second transmission device 7 comprises a second worm wheel 701 installed on the sleeve 5, a second worm 702 meshed with the second worm wheel 701 and a second hand wheel 703 installed at the end part of the second worm 702, the second worm wheel 701 is installed on the sleeve 5 in a threaded matching mode, when the second hand wheel 703 is rotated, the second worm 702 drives the sleeve 5 to rotate through the second worm wheel 701, and the sleeve 5 drives the gear distribution disc 8 to rotate.
Three gear positioning sliding plates 9 are uniformly distributed on the gear index plate 8 along the circumferential direction, each gear positioning sliding plate 9 is rotatably provided with a planetary gear 10, and the planetary gear 10 can be a standard gear, a negative modified gear, a positive modified gear or other types of gears; in the embodiment, the three planet gears 10 are respectively a standard gear, a negative modified gear and a positive modified gear, the three planet gears 10 are all meshed with the central gear 6, and the planet gears 10 and the central gear 6 can be at the same height by adjusting the height of the gear positioning sliding plate 9. The gear positioning slide plate 9 is movably mounted on the gear indexing plate 8, so that the center distance between the planet gear 10 and the central gear 6 can be adjusted as required, please refer to fig. 7, a plurality of first through grooves 801 and a plurality of second through grooves 802 are arranged on the gear indexing plate 8, a first bolt 901 sequentially penetrates through the gear positioning slide plate 9 and the first through grooves 801 and then mounts one end of the gear positioning slide plate 9 on the gear indexing plate 8 in cooperation with a nut, a second bolt 902 sequentially penetrates through the gear positioning slide plate 9 and the second through grooves 802 and then mounts the other end of the gear positioning slide plate 9 on the gear indexing plate 8 in cooperation with a nut, and the center distance between the planet gear 10 and the central gear 6 is adjusted by moving the position of the gear positioning slide plate 9.
The camera device comprises a shooting device 11, a light source (omitted in the drawing) and a computer (omitted in the drawing) which are arranged on one side of the first fixing frame 1, wherein image acquisition software is installed on the computer, the shooting device 11 comprises a supporting rod 1101 installed on one side of the first fixing frame 1 and an installation seat 1102 installed on the supporting rod 1101 in a sliding mode, a locking device (omitted in the drawing) is arranged on the installation seat 1102, the installation seat 1102 moves up and down along the supporting rod 1101 to adjust the position, the locking device locks the installation seat 1102 on the supporting rod 1101, the locking device is the prior art and is not described herein any more, a plurality of sliding rods 1103 are arranged at the end portion of the installation seat 1102, a camera 1104 is installed on the sliding rods 1103, the camera 1104 is located above the gear index plate 8, and the camera 1104 is in communication connection with the computer.
During testing, the camera 1104, the computer and the light source are turned on, the second transmission device 7 is rotated, the second transmission device 7 drives the gear index plate 8 to rotate through the sleeve 5, so that the position of the planetary gear 10 to be tested is adjusted, the planetary gear 10 to be tested is rotated to the position below the camera 1104, then the first hand wheel 403 on the first transmission device 4 is rotated, the central gear 6 drives the planetary gear 10 to be tested to rotate, the camera 1104 shoots an image transmitted by the meshing of the planetary gear 10 to be tested and the central gear 6 and sends the image to the computer, the computer processes and analyzes the image, the camera shoots the image and sends the image to the computer, the computer analyzes the image by the prior art, and the technology for analyzing the image by the computer is not repeated.
Gear contact ratio test
1. The principle and the process are as follows:
(1) the installation position of the camera 1104 is adjusted, the focal length is adjusted, camera related parameters are adjusted on a computer, and the shooting speed f is 200 fps. Adjusting the light source to make the image on the display clear; and then adjusting the position of the planetary gear to be measured.
(2) The first hand wheel 403 is rotated, the central gear 6 is driven by the worm to rotate, so that the central gear 6 is meshed with the planetary gear 10 to be tested for transmission, and a camera is used for shooting a moving image of the gear meshing transmission.
(3) And importing the image into a text1, a text2 and a text3 folder specified by a computer program, converting the image into a digital gray matrix, and analyzing the digital gray matrix based on a digital speckle correlation technology.
(4) And (4) selecting a plurality of addendum circle points on the image by using a mouse, obtaining the addendum circle of the gear by using an image analysis system, and obtaining the dedendum circle in the same way.
According to the parameter relation of the gear mechanism, the following steps are carried out:
in the formula:
dais the diameter of addendum circle，mm；
dfIs the root circle diameter, mm;
z is the number of teeth;
c*is the coefficient of the head clearance, stipulated in the national standard GB/T1356-2001, c*＝0.25；
m is the gear module, mm, and the module of a pair of meshed gears is equal;
d to be measuredaAnd dfThe modulus m value of the gear can be obtained by substituting the formulas (1) and (2).
By
d＝mz (3)
db＝d cosα (4)
In the formula:
d is the reference circle diameter, mm;
dbis the base circle diameter, mm;
alpha is the pressure angle on the gear pitch circle, as specified in the national standard GB/T1356-2001, alpha being 20 °
And (4) substituting the values of the tooth number z and the modulus m into the values (3) and (4) to obtain the diameter of the base circle and the diameter of the reference circle, and processing data by a computer to obtain related parameters of the gear mechanism.
(5) After image analysis, a pair of images of a meshing line, a meshing angle, a center distance, a theoretical meshing line segment, a normal tooth distance, an actual meshing line segment and the like during gear transmission meshing transmission are drawn, and a coincidence value is obtained according to the images.
(6) By adjusting the installation position of the gear, the experiment table can also carry out contact ratio measurement of non-standard installation of the standard gear and contact ratio measurement of positive transmission and negative transmission of the modified gear.
(7) Results and analysis of the experiments
Tip circle on image of display with mouseSelecting multiple points, drawing the top circles of the two gears, please refer to fig. 8 and 9, in which the upper part is the central gear and the lower part is the planetary gear. And in the same way, drawing a tooth root circle. The base circle and the meshing line are derived on this basis. Since the line of engagement is also the normal to the gear tooth profile, the normal pitch PbI.e. the distance C of the tooth profile on the same side of two adjacent teeth of the gear on the meshing line1C2I.e. Pb＝C1C2。
The actual meshing line sections B of the two gears are respectively measured on the meshing line1B2。B2Is the intersection point of the addendum circle and the meshing line of the planet gear, and shows that a pair of gears is at B2The point begins to enter mesh; b is1Is the intersection of the addendum circle of the central gear and the meshing line, and represents a pair of gears B1The points are disengaged. B is1B2And PbThe ratio of (A) to (B) is the actual degree of coincidence, expressed as ε', i.e.
Because of the gear contact ratio test is dynamic measurement, the event the utility model discloses a gear contact ratio detecting system is fit for promoting in engineering practice or the practice teaching of colleges and universities, vocational colleges and universities.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way, and any person skilled in the art can make any simple modification, equivalent change and modification to the above embodiments according to the technical spirit of the present invention without departing from the technical scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A gear contact ratio detecting system is characterized in that: the gear indexing disc is provided with three planetary gears which are meshed with the central gear and can be rotatably arranged on the gear indexing disc; and one side of the first fixing frame is also provided with a light source, a computer and a shooting device for shooting the meshing transmission images of the tested planetary gear and the central gear, the shooting device comprises a camera, and the camera is in communication connection with the computer.
2. A gear overlap ratio detection system according to claim 1, wherein: the first transmission device comprises a first worm wheel, a first worm meshed with the first worm wheel and a first hand wheel arranged at the end part of the first worm, and the first worm wheel is arranged on the central shaft.
3. A gear overlap ratio detection system according to claim 1, wherein: the second transmission device comprises a second worm wheel arranged on the sleeve, a second worm meshed with the second worm wheel and a second hand wheel arranged at the end part of the second worm, and the second worm wheel is arranged on the sleeve.
4. A gear overlap ratio detection system according to claim 1, wherein: each planet gear is arranged on the gear dividing disc through a gear positioning sliding plate.
5. A gear overlap ratio detection system according to claim 1, wherein: the shooting device further comprises a supporting rod arranged on one side of the first fixing frame and a mounting seat arranged on the supporting rod in a sliding mode, a plurality of sliding rods are arranged on the mounting seat, and the camera is arranged on the sliding rods in the sliding mode.
6. A gear overlap ratio detection system according to claim 1, wherein: the gear positioning sliding plate is movably arranged on the gear dividing disc through bolts, so that the center distance between the planetary gear and the sun gear can be adjusted, a plurality of through grooves are formed in the gear dividing disc, and the bolts sequentially penetrate through the gear positioning sliding plate and the through grooves and then are arranged on the gear dividing disc in a matched mode of nuts.
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| CN202121466646.0U CN214843020U (en) | 2021-06-29 | 2021-06-29 | Gear contact ratio detecting system |
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| CN202121466646.0U CN214843020U (en) | 2021-06-29 | 2021-06-29 | Gear contact ratio detecting system |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113447263A (en) * | 2021-06-29 | 2021-09-28 | 洛阳理工学院 | Gear contact ratio detecting system |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113447263A (en) * | 2021-06-29 | 2021-09-28 | 洛阳理工学院 | Gear contact ratio detecting system |
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