CN2148417Y

CN2148417Y - Full-automatic integral protector for household electric appliances

Info

Publication number: CN2148417Y
Application number: CN 93230092
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张玉忠
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1993-01-18
Filing date: 1993-01-18
Publication date: 1993-12-01
Anticipated expiration: 2003-01-18

Abstract

The utility model discloses a novel two-phase power consumption integral protector which is formed by the connection of an electric source, sampling, comparison, time delay driving, surge voltage absorption, a switch and an NAND gate. The novel two-phase power consumption integral protector is characterized in that the comparison circuit and a drive circuit is connected by the NAND gate, and the automatic protection of the six conditions of over-current, over-voltage, under-voltage, short time power-off, surge voltage, etc. can be realized by a set of electric source and a switch. The utility model can integrally protect a power consumption loop in full direction, and can also protect a single electric appliance in full direction; the utility model is especially suitable for a family, a test bed, etc.

Description

Full-automatic integral protector for household electric appliances

The utility model belongs to low-voltage electrical apparatus, exactly is a kind of two-phase electricity consumption and household electrical appliance to be carried out the comprehensive novel protector of protection automatically.

In the world today, electricity has been the indispensable energy of people, and electricity consumption scope and power consumption constantly increase, and power pollution also is on the rise, and has become the third-largest public hazards after air and pollution of waterhead.The electricity consumption scope is wide, and electrical appliance is many, and the chance of electric shock, electric leakage and certain loop excess load (overcurrent) has increased with regard to corresponding, touches the safety that electric leakage and overcurrent directly threaten the person and property.Power pollution pollutes from the natural pollution and the electrical environment of power supply, is inevitable.The result of power pollution makes electrical network overtension (overvoltage) occur, brownout (under-voltage), and phenomenons such as transient voltage too high (surge voltage) and short time power failure, these phenomenons have different damages to different electrical appliances.The over half of scientific appraisal and statistical confirmation electronics and electric equipment fault caused because of power pollution.

In order to prevent electric leakage, overcurrent and power pollution many kinds of protectors occurred to the destruction of the person, property and electrical appliance, resemble electric leakage protector, electricity-limiter and various Protector for electric appliance etc.More typically have: Chinese patent 91205605.3 " novel household electric leakage protection switch ", Chinese patent 91220640.3 " bad road of power pollution protection inserted block " etc.These protectors just shield when several harm situation of certain or certain appears in circuit or power supply, can not comprehensively prevent above-mentioned harm; These protectors generally can not restore after protection, could continue after needing manual operation or changing certain element to use, and this has just increased use inconvenience to people.

The purpose of this utility model is to propose a kind of full-automatic comprehensive protection device; can both protect when having a power failure electric leakage, overcurrent, overvoltage, under-voltage, surge voltage and short time occurring; and after circuit and power up are normal, can restore automatically; do not need any manual operation, to remedy the deficiency of existing similar protector.

The purpose of this utility model is achieved in that a wiring board by circuit units such as power supply, sampling, comparison, time-delay driving, surge voltage absorption and switches is housed in a shell.It is serially connected with between certain electricity consumption loop and the electrical network, sampling unit is respectively to the leakage current of loop, the voltage of total current and electrical network is sampled, comparing unit compares sampled result and given standard respectively, when exceeding standard, a certain value sends triggering signal, the time-delay driver element is received driving switch unit action immediately after the triggering signal, cuts off being connected of this loop and electrical network.The surge voltage that has little time to reflect for sampling unit is absorbed by the surge voltage absorptive unit.When loop and power system restoration are normal, the time-delay driver element postpones behind the time delay interval state that restores electricity of driving switch unit action again.When each power failure was sent a telegram here again, the time-delay driver element at first postponed time delay interval energized again.So just guaranteed the safety of the person, property and electrical appliance in this bad road.

The utility model has the advantages that:

1, only just can realize electric leakage, overcurrent, overvoltage, under-voltage, surge voltage and the integrated protection that has a power failure in short-term with a power subsystem and switch element, and automatic recovery after the protection, do not need manual operation.

2, owing to the required signal power in " comparison " unit is atomic, so can do the reliability and the sensitivity of protector higher.

3, because existing protector has been set up independently " comparison " and " time-delay drives " circuit unit, the requirement that constitutes the protector components and parts is reduced, can reduce manufacturing cost.

4, no matter which kind of is protected, any element of protector does not all damage, and can use continuously.

5, constitute the NAND Logic connection owing to having adopted by 4 diodes between " comparison " and " time-delay drives " circuit unit; only fundamentally solved and just can finish electric leakage, the full-automatic protection of overcurrent, overvoltage, improper situation such as under-voltage with a power supply and a switch.

Description of drawings:

Accompanying drawing is an electrical block diagram of the present utility model:

The main element specifications parameter is in the accompanying drawing: C1:630V1 μ electrodeless electric capacity; C2, C4, C5, C6, C7:CD11-16V-47 μ electricity get an electric shock and hold; C3:CD11-16V-2.2 μ electrochemical capacitor, C8:0.01 μ electric capacity.R1:510K Ω/0.25W; R2:51 Ω/1W; R3:18K Ω/2W; R4-R18 is its resistance of 1/8W resistance: R6, R8, R10, R13, be 20K Ω; R7:390 Ω, R9, R5,5.1K Ω, R16, R4:100K Ω, R11, R14,1M Ω, R17:6.2M Ω, R18:2K Ω.D1-D5, D7-D11 are 1N4001, D6,1N4004.1C1：LM324；IC2：NE555。J1：JQX－4。DW1、1W／13V。RMG：MY7D 270V300A。

Embodiment below in conjunction with accompanying drawing describes the utility model in detail.

Power unit is made up of C1, C2, D1-D4 and DW1 etc.Civil power by the D1-D4 rectification, through C2 filtering, after R2 and the DW1 voltage stabilizing, provides galvanic current to later operating circuit after C1, R1 step-down.

Zero-sequence transformer B1 samples to the leakage current of electricity consumption loop.During leakage current, B ₁The magnetic flux equal and opposite in direction that produces in the former limit, direction is opposite, repeals by implication, and does not have the electric current of inducting in the secondary and produces, by operational amplifier IC ₁The current potential of (-) input of the comparator that a constitutes is zero, and (+) input is by R ₆And R ₇Set a stable positive potential, its output keeps high level state.Because of not gate D ₇Effect, delay driving circuit is not exerted an influence.And when in the loop leakage current being arranged, the balance on former limit is broken, to produce the alternating electromotive force that is directly proportional with leakage current in the secondary, because of the response speed of operational amplifier pace of change (power frequency), so surpass R when the maximum of first positive half cycle far above this alternating electromotive force ₆And R ₇During the current potential set, IC ₁A is turned into low level immediately, passes through D ₇Give time-base circuit IC ₂(2) negative triggering pulses of trigger end, IC ₂Upset immediately drives J ₁Action is cut off the electricity supply, and begins a time-delay process.Time-delay finishes back IC ₂Upset drives J ₁Reset,, will repeat said process immediately, recover normal until loop if this moment, the leakage current in the loop still surpassed permissible value.At B ₁Secondary C in parallel ₁Be used for anti-interference.

B ₂Be current transformer, it is sampled to the total current of loop, and the electric current that produces on the secondary is through D ₅Rectification, C ₄After the filtering at W ₁Two ends produce the voltage that size is directly proportional with loop current, and through W ₁Receive comparator IC after the dividing potential drop ₁(-) input of b, and IC ₁(+) input of b is by R ₈And R ₉Set a stable positive potential.Loop current is in allowed band the time, IC ₁B(-) Duan current potential is lower than the current potential of (+) end, IC ₁The b output keeps high potential.When loop current surpassed License Value, (-) terminal potential was higher than (+) terminal potential, IC ₁B is turned into low level, by not gate D ₈Trigger IC ₂Upset drives J ₁Action power dump and trigger.Time-delay finishes, and still surpasses License Value as loop current, will repeat said process, in loop current returns to normal range (NR).Adjust W ₁Can change the operating current value of overcurrent protection.C ₅Be used to increase antijamming capability, prevent misoperation.

D ₃, R ₄, R ₅And C ₆It is voltage sampling circuit.Circuital current is through D ₆Rectification, R ₄, R ₅Dividing potential drop, C ₆After the filtering, at R ₅Two ends produce the voltage signal that size is directly proportional with circuit voltage.This signal is received comparator IC respectively ₁(-) of C and IC ₁(+) input of d.At IC ₁(+) input of C is by R ₁₀, R ₁₂Set wealthy family's current potential; At IC ₁(-) input of d is by R ₁₃, R ₁₅Set a low door current potential.The voltage of electrical network is in normal scope the time, R ₅On voltage signal be lower than wealthy family's current potential, be higher than a low door current potential, IC ₁C and IC ₁D all keeps high level.When the overtension of electrical network, R ₅On voltage signal will be higher than wealthy family's current potential, IC ₁C is turned into electronegative potential, passes through D ₉Trigger IC ₂Upset, thus drive J ₁Cut off the electricity supply and trigger, when the brownout of electrical network, R ₅On voltage signal be lower than the door current potential, IC ₁D is turned into low level, passes through D ₁₀Trigger IC ₂Upset drives J ₁Cut off the electricity supply and trigger.After the time-delay end, as long as the voltage of electrical network does not recover normally IC ₁C and IC ₁D always has an output low level, control IC ₂2 ends make IC ₂Can not overturn and reset.Recover normal until line voltage.IC ₁C and IC ₁D adds positive feedback resistor R respectively ₁₁And R ₁₄Effect be to improve accuracy.

Because R ₅Resistance less, C behind the grid power blackout ₆On electric charge will discharge rapidly.Again because R ₄Resistance C when sending a telegram here more again ₆On build-up of voltage slower, force IC ₂By the output low level of just overturning after the time-delay, drive J earlier ₁Action begins to send.And all must just might give through a time-delay earlier after above-mentioned every kind of protection.This has just finished and has sent electric protection at interval.

As voltage very high (greater than 270V), when the very fast surge voltage of speed is imported into by electrical network, J ₁In in short-term, might have little time to move line disconnection.Be connected in parallel on J this moment ₁Piezo-resistance RMG behind the contact will absorb this voltage, until J ₁Action, line disconnection, RMG withdraws from work.RMG is conducting in the extremely short time just, generally can not damage.

In sum, the utility model in use, electrical network if having electric leakage, overcurrent, overvoltage, under-voltage, when five kinds of dangerous situations of short supply interruption occur, relay J ₁Getting in touch of loop and electrical network cut off in i.e. action.Absorb by piezo-resistance RGM earlier for surge voltage, then by J ₁Line disconnection.After every kind of protection, all, just might reset, so that the phenomenon that has a power failure does not in short-term appear in loop earlier through a time-delay.

Device of the present utility model can be serially connected in the electricity consumption loop, is particularly suitable for one family and a power unit.

Claims

1; a kind of have bridge rectifier voltage stabilizing output; and serial connection zero-sequence transformer B1 summation current transformer B2 on power supply; voltage sample device D6; R4; R5 and the circuit integrated operational amplifier IC1 (a-d) that connects respectively with above-mentioned sample circuit; and the delay driver that is made of a slice monostable flipflop IC2 drives relay J 1; the contact of relay J 1 is serially connected on the major loop; below contact; be the full-automatic household electrical appliances comprehensive protection device of the surge suppressor of a pressure cell formation, it is characterized in that: the IC1a of operational amplifier IC1; IC1b; IC1c; IC1d is respectively by diode D7; D8; D9; D10 and delay driver IC2 form that logical AND is non-to be connected.