CN214838331U - Planetary gear mechanism and automatic transmission - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a planetary gear mechanism and automatic transmission, including a plurality of short planetary gear sets and the first oil circuit that is located short planetary gear set, first oil circuit includes first axial guide oilhole, first week guide oilhole and a plurality of short planetary gear guide oilhole, first axial guide oilhole and first week guide oilhole all are located the first round pin axle in short planetary gear set, and first axial guide oilhole one end and first week guide oilhole one end intercommunication, the first week guide oilhole other end and short planetary gear inside intercommunication, first week guide oilhole still communicates with the clearance around the bearing spacer ring; the plurality of short planet gear oil guide holes circumferentially penetrate through the short planet gears, are arranged in a staggered mode with the bearing spacer ring in the axial direction and are used for lubricating the tooth surfaces of the short planet gears. The utility model discloses can promote the moment of torsion capacity under the condition that does not increase the automatic gearbox volume, it is lubricated effectual, promote planetary gear mechanism's durability, reduce the meshing noise simultaneously.

Description

Planetary gear mechanism and automatic transmission

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a derailleur technical field especially relates to a planetary gear mechanism and automatic transmission.

Background

A transmission is a mechanism for changing the speed and torque from an engine, which can change the ratio of the output shaft to the input shaft, either fixed or in steps, also known as a gearbox. The speed changer consists of a speed change transmission mechanism and an operating mechanism, and some automobiles are also provided with power output mechanisms; the transmission mechanism is mostly driven by common gears, and the automatic transmission is driven by a planetary gear mechanism to realize the speed change function. With the demands for the automatic transmission to be compact, efficient and multi-gear shift, the planetary gear mechanism of the ravigneaux structure is widely applied.

To match a larger torque engine, it is necessary to boost the maximum input torque to the prior art automatic transmission; however, because of structural limitations, increasing the torque capacity of the planetary gear mechanism of the existing ravigneaux structure requires structural reinforcement of various parts of the planetary gear mechanism, such as the planetary gear, resulting in an excessive increase in the volume of the planetary gear mechanism; considering the core position of the planetary gear mechanism in the structure of the automatic transmission, the volume increase of the planetary gear mechanism can lead to the volume increase of a series of parts matched with the planetary gear mechanism, so that the volume increase of the transmission assembly is caused, the efficiency is lowered, the economy of the transmission assembly is reduced, and the matching difficulty with a vehicle type is increased. Therefore, there is a need for a planetary gear mechanism that has a large torque capacity and a low cost without increasing the size.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

To the problem that exists among the above-mentioned prior art, the utility model provides a planetary gear mechanism can promote planetary gear mechanism's moment of torsion capacity under the condition that does not increase automatic gearbox volume, and is with low costs, promotes automatic gearbox's economic nature.

The utility model provides a planetary gear mechanism, including a plurality of short planetary gear sets and being located the first oil circuit of short planetary gear set, short planetary gear set includes short planetary gear, first round pin axle, first bearing group and runs through the bearing spacer ring of first bearing group along first round pin axle circumference;

the short planetary gear is internally of a hollow structure, the first pin shaft is inserted in the hollow structure, the short planetary gear is rotatably arranged relative to the first pin shaft through the first bearing group, the bearing spacer ring is positioned in the first bearing group, and the bearing spacer ring is in clearance fit with the first bearing group;

the first oil passage includes a first axial guide oil hole, a first circumferential guide oil hole, and a plurality of short planetary gear guide oil holes, the first axial guide oil hole and the first circumferential guide oil hole are both located in the first pin shaft, and one end of the first axial guide oil hole communicates with one end of the first circumferential guide oil hole, the other end of the first circumferential guide oil hole communicates with the hollow structure, and the first circumferential guide oil hole also communicates with a gap around the bearing spacer;

the plurality of short planet gear oil guide holes circumferentially penetrate through the short planet gears, and the short planet gear oil guide holes are arranged in a staggered mode with the bearing spacer ring in the axial direction and used for lubricating the tooth surfaces of the short planet gears.

Preferably, the first bearing group comprises two rows of first bearings which are arranged separately, and the bearing spacer ring is positioned between the two rows of the first bearings; the plurality of short planetary gear oil guide holes are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the short planetary gear, and the plurality of short planetary gear oil guide holes are also positioned on different sides of the bearing spacer ring in the axial direction of the short planetary gear.

Furthermore, the planetary gear mechanism further comprises a plurality of long planetary gear sets and a second oil path located in the long planetary gear sets, each long planetary gear set comprises a long planetary gear, a second pin shaft and a second bearing set, a cavity structure is arranged inside the long planetary gear, the second pin shaft is inserted into the cavity structure, and the long planetary gear is rotatably arranged relative to the second pin shaft through the second bearing set; the second oil passage includes a second shaft guide oil hole and a second circumferential oil hole, both of which are located within the second pin shaft, and one end of the second shaft guide oil hole communicates with one end of the second circumferential oil hole, and the other end of the second circumferential oil hole communicates with the cavity structure.

Furthermore, the planetary gear mechanism further comprises a planetary gear support, an input shaft located on the central axis of the planetary gear support and a third oil path located on the input shaft, the third oil path comprises a lubricating oil channel located inside the input shaft and extending along the axial direction and a plurality of lubricating oil holes arranged along the circumferential direction of the lubricating oil channel, and the lubricating oil holes are communicated with the lubricating oil channel and the outer circumferential surface of the input shaft.

Furthermore, the planetary gear mechanism also comprises an oil distribution plate, the oil distribution plate is positioned on the outer side surface of the planetary gear support, an oil collection ring is arranged on the oil distribution plate, and the oil collection ring is used for collecting lubricating oil thrown out from the lubricating oil holes; and one end of the oil distribution plate close to the planetary gear support is provided with a plurality of oil distribution pipes communicated with the oil collecting ring, the oil distribution pipes are axially arranged, and the oil distribution pipes are communicated with the first axial oil guide hole or the second axial oil guide hole.

Furthermore, the planetary gear mechanism also comprises a small sun gear, a large sun gear and a gear ring, the first pin shaft and the second pin shaft are fixed on the planetary gear support, and the gear ring is positioned on the inner side of the planetary gear support; the small sun gear and the large sun gear are both rotatably sleeved on the input shaft, and the third oil way is used for providing lubrication for the outside of the input shaft; the small sun gear is meshed with the short planetary gears, and the first oil path is used for lubricating the inner bearing group and the outer meshed tooth surface of the short planetary gears; the large sun gear is meshed with the plurality of long planetary gears, the plurality of long planetary gears are meshed with the corresponding short planetary gears one by one, the long planetary gears are further meshed with at least part of the gear ring, and the second oil path is used for providing lubrication for the long planetary gear set.

Further, both ends of the planet gear support comprise a connecting part and an extending part, the connecting part and the short planet gear are arranged oppositely, and the extending part and the gear ring are arranged oppositely.

Further, connecting portion set up first oil groove and first oilhole, first oil groove is located the connecting portion are inboard, first oil groove is used for collecting the lubricating oil that planetary gear mechanism throwed away, first oilhole intercommunication first oil groove with the lateral surface of connecting portion, first oilhole is used for providing the lubrication for multiplate clutch.

Further, the extension sets up second oil groove and second oilhole, the second oil groove is located the extension is inboard, the second oil groove is used for collecting the lubricating oil that planetary gear mechanism throwed away, the second oilhole intercommunication the second oil groove with the lateral surface of extension, the second oilhole is used for providing lubrication for one-way clutch.

The utility model also provides an automatic transmission, including above planetary gear mechanism.

Implement the utility model discloses, following beneficial effect has:

1. the durability of the small and medium sun gears and the short planetary gears of the utility model determines the torque capacity of the whole planetary gear mechanism, the first oil circuit in the utility model can effectively lubricate the meshing tooth surfaces of the small sun gears and the short planetary gears, thereby greatly improving the torque capacity; meanwhile, the first oil way is arranged inside the short planetary gear, the size of the planetary gear mechanism cannot be increased, the efficiency of the automatic transmission with the planetary gear mechanism and the adaptability of matching with vehicle types are guaranteed, the transformation cost is low, and the processing is easy.

2. Gaps are reserved around the bearing spacer ring and are arranged in a staggered mode with the short planetary gear oil guide holes, the problem that lubricating oil circulation is not smooth due to blocking or partial blocking of the bearing spacer ring and the first bearing group is effectively avoided, and the reliability of a lubricating system in the first oil way is guaranteed.

3. Lubricating oil in the first oil way, the second oil way and the two oil grooves is surplus lubricating oil thrown out in the running process of the planetary gear mechanism, and the waste of the lubricating oil is avoided through multi-stage recovery; besides, the collected lubricating oil can effectively lubricate the planetary gear mechanism through the first oil path and the second oil path, so that the abrasion is reduced, the durability of each part and each meshing tooth surface is improved, the maintenance cost is saved, and the running noise can be reduced.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly described, wherein the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals. It is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that for a person skilled in the art, other drawings can be derived from them without inventive effort.

Fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a first oil passage in a medium-short planetary gear set according to the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic sectional view of the entire oil path of the planetary gear mechanism of the present invention.

Wherein the reference numerals in the figures correspond to: 1-short planetary gear set, 11-short planetary gear, 12-first pin, 13-first bearing set, 14-bearing spacer, 15-first oil path, 151-first axial oil guide hole, 152-first circumferential oil guide hole, 153-short planetary gear oil guide hole, 2-long planetary gear set, 21-long planetary gear, 22-second pin, 23-second bearing set, 24-second oil path, 241-second axial oil guide hole, 242-second circumferential oil guide hole, 3-input shaft, 31-third oil path, 311-lubricating oil path, 312-lubricating oil hole, 4-planetary gear carrier, 41-oil distribution plate, 42-oil distribution pipe, 43-connecting part, 431-first oil groove, 432-first oil hole, 44-extending part, 441-a second oil groove, 442-a second oil hole, 5-a small sun gear, 6-a large sun gear, 7-a gear ring, 8-a multiplate clutch, and 9-a one-way clutch.

Detailed Description

In the following, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", "front", "rear", "both ends", "one end", "the other end", and the like indicate the directions or positional relationships based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of describing the present invention, but do not indicate or imply that the indicated device or structure must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore, should not be construed as limiting the present invention; also, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Example (b):

the embodiment of the present specification provides a planetary gear mechanism, which can effectively solve the technical problem that the volume of an automatic transmission is not increased and the torque capacity of the planetary gear mechanism is not increased, as shown in the attached drawings 1-2 of the specification, the planetary gear mechanism is a ravigneaux structure planetary gear mechanism, and the basic components of the ravigneaux structure planetary gear mechanism comprise a plurality of groups of short planetary gears 11 which are distributed in the circumferential direction and meshed with each other, long planetary gears 21, small sun gears 5 which are meshed with the short planetary gears 11, large sun gears 6 which are meshed with the long planetary gears 21, a gear ring 7, and a planetary gear bracket 4 which supports the short planetary gears 11 and the long planetary gears 21; wherein the small sun gear 5 and the large sun gear 6 are relatively rotatable and are rotatably disposed on the input shaft 3 on the axis of the planetary gear mechanism in an axially overlapping manner, the ring gear 7 is disposed inside the planetary gear carrier 4 and on the axis of the planetary gear mechanism, and the ring gear 7 further has internal teeth and partially wraps the long pinion gears 21 so that the internal teeth mesh with the long pinion gears 21.

Specifically, for the planetary gear mechanism of the ravigneaux configuration, the durability of the small sun gear 5 and the short planetary gears 11 thereof determines the torque capacity of the entire planetary gear mechanism; therefore, in order to improve the torque capacity of the whole planetary gear mechanism, the planetary gear mechanism provided by the embodiment of the specification is provided with a plurality of short planetary gear sets 1 and a first oil path 15 positioned in the short planetary gear sets 1, wherein the first oil path 15 is mainly used for lubricating each contact surface and an external meshing tooth surface inside the short planetary gear sets 1; as shown in fig. 1 of the specification, the short planetary gear set 1 includes the short planetary gear 11, a first pin 12, a first bearing group 13, and a bearing spacer ring 14 that penetrates the first bearing group 13 along the circumferential direction of the first pin 12, and the short planetary gear 11 is internally of a hollow structure for placing the first pin 12 and the first bearing group 13, the first pin 12 is inserted into the hollow structure during installation, and two ends of the first pin 12 are further fixedly connected with the planetary gear carrier 4, so that the positions of the short planetary gear set 1 and the planetary gear carrier 4 are relatively fixed; in a possible embodiment of the present description, the planet gear carrier 4 may be provided with a pin hole at a position corresponding to the first pin 12 for accommodating two ends of the first pin 12, so that the two are fixed reliably; meanwhile, the first bearing group 13 is arranged between the inner surface of the short planetary gear 11 and the outer surface of the first pin 12, so that the short planetary gear 11 can rotate relative to the first pin 12, and the bearing spacer ring 14 is in clearance fit with the first bearing group 13, so that the lubricating oil is not blocked when flowing to the first bearing group 13, and the lubricating oil can continuously flow and lubricate through the first bearing group 13 through the clearance between the bearing spacer ring 14 and the first bearing group 13.

Correspondingly, the first oil path 15 includes a first axial oil guide hole 151, a first circumferential oil guide hole 152 and a plurality of short planetary gear oil guide holes 153, wherein the first axial oil guide hole 151 and the first circumferential oil guide hole 152 are both disposed in the first pin 12, and one end of the first axial oil guide hole 151 is used for lubricating oil to flow in, and the other end is communicated with one end of the first circumferential oil guide hole 152, and the other end of the first circumferential oil guide hole 152 is communicated with the hollow structure of the short planetary gear 11 and is disposed in communication with the bearing spacer 14; in order to further improve the reliability of the lubricating oil path, in one possible embodiment of the present specification, the diameter of the first circumferential oil guiding hole 152 may be selected to be wider than the width of the bearing spacer 14, so as to ensure that the first circumferential oil guiding hole 152 can communicate with the gap around the bearing spacer 14, so that the lubricating oil can smoothly pass through the bearing spacer 14 and the first bearing group 13, so as to better lubricate the inner and outer surfaces of the first bearing group 13, improve the durability of the inside of the short planetary gear set 1, and reduce the operating noise of the inside of the short planetary gear set 1.

Furthermore, a plurality of short planet gear oil guiding holes 153 circumferentially penetrate the short planet gears 11 and are arranged in a staggered manner with the bearing spacer 14 in the axial direction of the short planet gears 11, so that the lubricating oil in the gap around the bearing spacer 14 can smoothly flow into the short planet gear oil guiding holes 153 and flows to the tooth socket root of the outer surface of the short planet gears 11 under the action of centrifugal force when the short planet gear set 1 operates, namely the short planet gear oil guiding holes 153 are communicated with the hollow structure inside the short planet gears 11 and the tooth socket root outside the short planet gears 11 and can be used for lubricating the meshing tooth surfaces of the small sun gear 5 and the outside of the short planet gear set 1, the working temperature of the meshing tooth surfaces is reduced, the durability of the external meshing tooth surfaces of the short planet gears 11 and the small sun gear 5 is improved, and the meshing noise of the tooth surfaces is also reduced.

As described above, when the lubricant oil flows into the first oil passage 15, the flow path of the lubricant oil under the centrifugal force of the short planetary gear set 1 in operation is: the first axial oil guide hole 151, the first circumferential oil guide hole 152, the inner side of the first bearing group 13, the gap of the bearing spacer ring 14, the outer side of the first bearing group 13, the short planetary gear oil guide hole 153 and the tooth space root part outside the short planetary gear 11 can effectively lubricate each contact surface and the meshing tooth surface inside and outside the short planetary gear set 1, the lubrication reliability is high, the durability of the short planetary gear set 1 is greatly improved, and the first oil path 15 is arranged inside the original short planetary gear set 1, the whole volume of the planetary gear mechanism is not increased, so that the economy and the adaptability of the planetary gear mechanism are not influenced, the torque capacity is also improved, and the whole efficiency is improved.

Preferably, the first bearing group 13 can be selectively arranged as two rows of first bearings arranged separately, the two rows of first bearings are sleeved on the first pin shaft 12 in parallel along the axial direction, and the bearing spacer ring 14 is located between the two rows of first bearings, so as to achieve the purpose of separating the two rows of first bearings, and facilitate the flow of the lubricating oil between the inner side and the outer side of the first bearing group 13.

The plurality of short planetary gear oil guide holes 153 can be uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the short planetary gear 11, so that lubricating oil can be conveniently and uniformly coated, and the lubricating effect is good; in this embodiment, two short planet gear oil guide holes 153 are preferred, which can substantially meet the lubrication requirement of the outer side engaging tooth surface of the short planet gear 11, and has simple structure and high production efficiency; in addition, in the axial direction of the short planet gear 11, two short planet gear oil guiding holes 153 may be selectively arranged on the same side of the bearing spacer 14, however, in other possible embodiments of the present disclosure, considering that the total axial length of the first bearing group 13 and the bearing spacer 14 may be smaller than the axial length of the short planet gear 11, when the vehicle is in different gears, the bearing spacer 14 may be biased to one end of the short planet gear 11 due to different stress conditions, if the biased side is the short planet gear oil guiding hole 153, the short planet gear oil guiding hole 153 may be blocked or partially blocked, which results in poor flow of lubricating oil and insufficient lubrication reliability, so in the axial direction of the short planet gear 11, two short planet gear oil guiding holes 153 may also be selectively arranged on different sides of the bearing spacer 14, so as to ensure that at least one short planet gear oil guiding hole 153 is in a complete communication state under any working condition, the overall lubrication reliability of the first oil passage 15 is ensured.

Specifically, fig. 2 is a schematic sectional view of an oil passage of the whole planetary gear mechanism, which further includes a plurality of long planetary gear sets 2 and a second oil passage 24 provided in each of the long planetary gear sets 2, the second oil passage 24 being mainly used for lubricating the long planetary gear sets 2; the long planetary gear set 2 comprises the long planetary gear 21, a second pin 22 and a second bearing set 23, and two ends of the second pin 22 are respectively fixed on the planetary gear support 4, so that the positions of the long planetary gear set 2 and the planetary gear support 4 are relatively fixed; similarly, in a possible embodiment of the present specification, a pin shaft hole may also be provided at a position corresponding to the second pin shaft 22, so as to limit and fix the second pin shaft 22 and the planetary gear carrier 4; the long planetary gear 21 is internally of a cavity structure, the second bearing group 23 is sleeved on the second pin shaft 22, and the second bearing group and the second pin shaft are inserted into the cavity structure after being connected, so that the long planetary gear 21 can rotate relative to the second pin shaft 22; in addition, in this embodiment, the second bearing group 23 may also be selected as a structure similar to the first bearing group 13, and the second bearing group 23 may also include two or more rows of second bearings arranged in parallel along the axial direction, and a gap is left between two adjacent second bearings, so that the lubricating oil can flow and lubricate the inner and outer side surfaces of the second bearing group 23, thereby avoiding the wear and running noise of the contact surfaces and improving the durability.

As shown in fig. 2, the second oil path 24 includes a second axial oil guide hole 241 and a second circumferential oil guide hole 242, the second axial oil guide hole 241 and the second circumferential oil guide hole 242 are both located in the second pin 22, one end of the second axial oil guide hole 241 is used for lubricating oil to flow in, the other end of the second circumferential oil guide hole 241 is communicated with one end of the second circumferential oil guide hole 242, the other end of the second circumferential oil guide hole 242 is communicated with a cavity structure, that is, the second oil path 24 mainly communicates the inner and outer surfaces of the second pin 22 and is used for lubricating the outer side surface of the second pin and the contact surface around the second bearing set 23, when the long planetary gear set 2 operates, the long planetary gear 21 rotates, the lubricating oil flowing into the second axial oil guide hole 241 is thrown out along the second circumferential oil guide hole 242 under the action of the centrifugal force, thereby lubricating the inner and outer side surfaces of the second bearing set 23 and improving the durability of the contact surface on both sides of the second bearing set 23, avoiding frictional wear and running noise.

Therefore, the flow path of the lubricating oil in the long planetary gear set 2 is: the second axial oil guide hole 241, the second circumferential oil guide hole 242, the inner side of the second bearing group 23, the gap of the second bearing group 23, the outer side of the second bearing group 23 and the inner side of the long planetary gear 21 can effectively lubricate each contact surface inside the long planetary gear 21, the lubrication reliability is high, the durability of the long planetary gear set 2 is greatly improved, and the second oil path 24 is arranged inside the original long planetary gear set 2, so that the whole volume of the planetary gear mechanism cannot be increased, the efficiency and the economy of the planetary gear mechanism are ensured, and the matching difficulty of the planetary gear mechanism and a vehicle type cannot be increased.

Further, as for the outer engaging tooth surface of the long pinion 21, since the short pinion 11 is engaged with the long pinion 21 in the planetary gear mechanism of the ravigneaux configuration, the lubricating oil flowing to the outer tooth groove root of the short pinion 11 via the first oil passage 15 can lubricate the outer teeth of the long pinion 21 by flowing through the engaging tooth surface, ensuring the durability of the engaging tooth surface between the short pinion 11 and the long pinion 21, and being good in reliability; in another possible embodiment of the present specification, the second oil path 24 may also be configured as the same as the first oil path 15, that is, the second oil path 24 may further include a bearing spacer ring 14 and a long planetary gear oil guiding hole circumferentially penetrating through the long planetary gear 21, and is configured to throw out lubricating oil from the cavity structure of the long planetary gear 21 to a tooth slot root on the outer side surface of the long planetary gear 21, so as to provide more lubricating oil to lubricate the meshing tooth surfaces of the long planetary gear 21 and the large sun gear 6, and further improve the reliability of lubrication.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 2 of the specification, a third oil path 31 is further disposed inside the input shaft 3 on the central axis of the planetary gear carrier 4, the third oil path 31 includes a lubricating oil passage 311 extending along the axial direction of the input shaft 3 and a plurality of lubricating oil holes 312 disposed along the circumferential direction of the lubricating oil passage 311, and is mainly used for providing lubrication for the outside of the input shaft 3, wherein one end of the lubricating oil passage 311 is connected to the lubricating oil passage of the transmission oil pump for quantitatively providing lubricating oil for the entire planetary gear mechanism, so as to ensure that the lubricating oil is neither too little to cause insufficient lubrication nor too much to cause waste of the lubricating oil, and the lubricating oil holes 312 can communicate the lubricating oil passage 311 with the outer circumferential surface of the input shaft 3, so that the lubricating oil in the lubricating oil passage 311 can be thrown out to the outer surface of the input shaft 3 through the lubricating oil holes 312 under the action of the oil pump pressure and the rotating centrifugal force of the input shaft 3 when the planetary gear mechanism is operating, on one hand, the contact surface between the input shaft 3 and the small sun gear 5 is lubricated, and on the other hand, the lubricating oil can flow through all gaps in the planetary gear mechanism, so that the whole planetary gear mechanism is lubricated, including parts such as gears and bearings, and the lubricating range is wide; furthermore, in order to ensure the uniformity and reliability of lubrication, in a possible embodiment of the present invention, the lubrication holes 312 may be preferably disposed along the axial direction of the input shaft 3 to avoid the contact surface wear and the operation noise caused by insufficient local lubrication on the outer surface of the input shaft 3.

Specifically, in order to avoid waste, the redundant lubricating oil thrown out from the third oil path 31 is reused, the planetary gear mechanism in this embodiment is further provided with an oil distribution plate 41, wherein the oil distribution plate 41 is fixedly arranged on the outer side surface of the planetary gear support 4 and corresponds to the position of the short planetary gear set 1, and an oil collection ring is arranged on the oil distribution plate 41 and is used for collecting the redundant lubricating oil thrown out from the third oil path 31; and the oil collecting ring of the oil distribution plate 41 is communicated with the oil distribution pipe 42 at an end close to the planetary gear carrier 4 so that the surplus lubricating oil collected in the oil collecting ring of the oil distribution plate 41 can flow into the oil distribution pipe 42, and the oil distribution pipe 42 is axially disposed and communicated with the first axial guide oil hole 151 or the second axial guide oil hole 241 so that the surplus lubricating oil can be used for lubricating the short planetary gear set 1 and the long planetary gear set 2.

Specifically, the planet gear carrier 4 includes a connecting portion 43 and an extending portion 44 at both ends, wherein the connecting portion 43 is disposed opposite to the short planet gears 21, the extending portion 44 is disposed opposite to the ring gear 7, the connecting portion 43 and the extending portion 44 are disposed at the periphery of the planetary gear mechanism, and both are used for further collecting surplus lubricating oil thrown out when the planetary gear mechanism is operated.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 2 of the specification, the connecting portion 31 is provided with a first oil groove 431 and a first oil hole 432, wherein the first oil groove 431 in a groove shape is located on the inner side of the connecting portion 43 and is used for intercepting and collecting excess lubricating oil thrown out under the action of centrifugal force, on the side wall of the connecting portion 43, the first oil hole 432 circumferentially penetrates through the connecting portion 43, so that the first oil hole 432 is communicated with the outer side surfaces of the first oil groove 431 and the connecting portion 43, the lubricating oil flowing out through the first oil hole 432 can be further used for providing lubrication for the multi-plate clutch 8 of the automatic transmission, particularly for providing lubrication for the friction plates and the counter-coupling plates of the multi-plate clutch 8, and the lubricating oil reuse rate is high.

Similarly, as shown in fig. 2, the extending portion 44 is provided with a second oil groove 441 and a second oil hole 442, wherein the second oil groove 441 in a groove shape is located inside the extending portion 44 and is also used for intercepting and collecting excess lubricating oil thrown out under the action of centrifugal force, and on the side wall of the extending portion 44, the second oil hole 442 penetrates through the extending portion 44, so that the second oil hole 442 is communicated with the second oil groove 441 and the outer side surface of the extending portion 44, the lubricating oil flowing out through the second oil hole 442 can be further used for providing lubrication for the one-way clutch 8 of the automatic transmission, and the recycling rate of the lubricating oil is high.

The embodiment also provides an automatic transmission, including the planetary gear mechanism, each contact surface and the engaging tooth face in the planetary gear mechanism can be effectively lubricated, the operating temperature of the engaging tooth face is reduced, the durability and the torque capacity of the whole planetary gear mechanism are improved, the running noise is reduced, the lubrication reliability is high, the lubricating oil utilization rate is high, and the cost is low.

When the planetary gear mechanism runs, lubricating oil in a lubricating oil channel of the oil pump of the transmission flows into the input shaft 3 through the lubricating oil channel 311 and is thrown out through the lubricating oil hole 312 under the oil supply pressure of the oil pump and the rotating centrifugal force of the input shaft 3, so that lubrication is provided for various gears, bearings and other parts in the planetary gear mechanism; a part of the thrown excessive lubricating oil is intercepted and collected by the oil collecting ring provided on the oil distributing plate 41, and flows into the first axial oil guiding hole 151 or the second axial oil guiding hole 241 through the plurality of oil distributing pipes 42 connected to the oil collecting ring, wherein the lubricating oil flowing into the first axial oil guiding hole 151 lubricates the inner and outer sides of the short planetary gear set 1 through the following paths: the first axial oil guide hole 151, the first circumferential oil guide hole 152, the inner side of the first bearing group 13, the gap of the bearing spacer 14, the outer side of the first bearing group 13, the short planetary gear oil guide hole 153, and the tooth groove root outside the short planetary gear 11, and the lubricating oil flowing into the second axial oil guide hole 241 lubricates the long planetary gear set 2 through the following paths: a second axial oil hole 241, a second circumferential oil hole 242, a second bearing group 23 inner side surface, a second bearing group 23 gap, a second bearing group 23 outer side surface, and an long planetary gear 21 inner side surface; a part of the redundant lubricating oil is collected by the first oil groove 431 and the second oil groove 441, and flows out of the outer side surface of the planetary carrier 4 through the respective corresponding first oil hole 432 and second oil hole 442, to provide lubrication for the plurality of clutches, and the lubricating oil has a high utilization rate, a high reliability of a lubricating path, can effectively lubricate the entire planetary gear mechanism, improves durability and torque capacity, and reduces operation noise, and is low in cost.

According to the present embodiment, the present invention has the following advantages:

1. in the embodiment, the torque capacity of the whole planetary gear mechanism is determined by the durability of the small sun gear and the short planetary gear, and the first oil way can effectively lubricate the meshing tooth surface of the small sun gear and the short planetary gear, so that the torque capacity of the whole planetary gear mechanism is greatly improved; meanwhile, the first oil way is arranged inside the short planetary gear, the size of the planetary gear mechanism cannot be increased, the efficiency and the economy of the automatic transmission with the planetary gear mechanism are guaranteed, the difficulty of matching with a vehicle type cannot be increased, the cost is low, and the processing is easy.

2. Gaps are reserved around the bearing spacer ring and are arranged in a staggered mode with the short planetary gear oil guide holes, the problem that lubricating oil circulation is not smooth due to blocking or partial blocking of the bearing spacer ring and the first bearing group is effectively avoided, and the reliability of a lubricating system in the first oil way is guaranteed.

3. Lubricating oil in the first oil way, the second oil way and the two oil grooves is surplus lubricating oil thrown out in the running process of the planetary gear mechanism, and the lubricating oil is recycled in multiple stages, so that the waste of the lubricating oil is avoided, and the utilization rate of the lubricating oil is high; moreover, the lubricating oil in the third oil path and the lubricating oil collected by the first oil path and the second oil path can effectively lubricate the whole planetary gear mechanism, reduce abrasion, improve the durability of each part and each meshing tooth surface, save maintenance cost and reduce operation noise.

While only certain embodiments of the present invention have been described and illustrated herein, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made, and any such modifications, equivalents and improvements are within the scope of the invention as claimed.

Claims (10)

1. The planetary gear mechanism is characterized by comprising a plurality of short planetary gear sets (1) and a first oil path (15) positioned in the short planetary gear sets (1), wherein each short planetary gear set (1) comprises a short planetary gear (11), a first pin shaft (12), a first bearing group (13) and a bearing spacer ring (14) which penetrates through the first bearing group (13) along the circumferential direction of the first pin shaft (12);

the short planetary gear (11) is internally of a hollow structure, the first pin shaft (12) is inserted into the hollow structure, the short planetary gear (11) is rotatably arranged relative to the first pin shaft (12) through the first bearing group (13), the bearing spacer ring (14) is positioned in the first bearing group (13), and the bearing spacer ring (14) is in clearance fit with the first bearing group (13);

the first oil path (15) comprises a first axial guide oil hole (151), a first circumferential guide oil hole (152) and a plurality of short planet gear guide oil holes (153), the first axial guide oil hole (151) and the first circumferential guide oil hole (152) are both positioned in the first pin shaft (12), one end of the first axial guide oil hole (151) is communicated with one end of the first circumferential guide oil hole (152), the other end of the first circumferential guide oil hole (152) is communicated with the hollow structure, and the first circumferential guide oil hole (152) is also communicated with a gap around the bearing spacer ring (14);

the plurality of short planet gear oil guide holes (153) penetrate through the short planet gears (11) in the circumferential direction, and the short planet gear oil guide holes (153) are arranged in a staggered mode with the bearing spacer ring (14) in the axial direction and used for lubricating the tooth surfaces of the short planet gears (11).

2. A planetary gear according to claim 1, characterized in that said first bearing group (13) comprises two rows of spaced first bearings, said bearing spacer (14) being located between said two rows of first bearings; the plurality of short planet gear oil guide holes (153) are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the short planet gears (11), and the plurality of short planet gear oil guide holes (153) are also positioned on different sides of the bearing spacer ring (14) in the axial direction of the short planet gears (11).

3. A planetary gear mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that the planetary gear mechanism further comprises a plurality of long planetary gear sets (2) and a second oil path (24) located in the long planetary gear sets (2), the long planetary gear sets (2) comprise long planetary gears (21), second pins (22) and second bearing sets (23), the long planetary gears (21) are internally provided with cavity structures, the second pins (22) are inserted in the cavity structures, and the long planetary gears (21) are rotatably arranged relative to the second pins (22) through the second bearing sets (23); the second oil passage (24) includes a second shaft guide oil hole (241) and a second circumferential oil hole (242), both the second shaft guide oil hole (241) and the second circumferential oil hole (242) are located in the second pin shaft (22), and one end of the second shaft guide oil hole (241) communicates with one end of the second circumferential oil hole (242), and the other end of the second circumferential oil hole (242) communicates with the cavity structure.

4. A planetary gear mechanism as claimed in claim 3, further comprising a planetary gear carrier (4), an input shaft (3) located at a central axis of the planetary gear carrier (4), and a third oil passage (31) located at the input shaft (3), the third oil passage (31) comprising a lubricating oil passage (311) located inside the input shaft (3) and extending in an axial direction and a plurality of lubricating oil holes (312) provided along a circumferential direction of the lubricating oil passage (311), the lubricating oil holes (312) communicating the lubricating oil passage (311) with an outer circumferential surface of the input shaft (3).

5. A planetary gear according to claim 4, characterized in that the planetary gear further comprises an oil distribution plate (41), the oil distribution plate (41) is located on the outer side surface of the planetary gear carrier (4), an oil collection ring is arranged on the oil distribution plate (41) and used for collecting the lubricating oil thrown out from the lubricating oil holes (312); one end, close to the planet gear support (4), of the oil distribution plate (41) is provided with a plurality of oil distribution pipes (42) and communicated with the oil collecting ring, the oil distribution pipes (42) are axially arranged, and the oil distribution pipes (42) are communicated with the first axial guide oil hole (151) or the second axial guide oil hole (241).

6. A planetary gear according to claim 4, characterized in that it further comprises a small sun gear (5), a large sun gear (6) and a ring gear (7), said first pin (12) and said second pin (22) being fixed to said planet gear carrier (4), said ring gear (7) being located inside said planet gear carrier (4); the small sun gear (5) and the large sun gear (6) are rotatably sleeved on the input shaft (3), and the third oil way (31) is used for providing lubrication for the outside of the input shaft (3); the small sun gear (5) is meshed with a plurality of short planetary gears (11), and the first oil path (15) is used for lubricating a first bearing group (13) inside the short planetary gears (11) and an external meshed tooth surface; the large sun gear (6) is meshed with a plurality of long planetary gears (21), the long planetary gears (21) are meshed with the corresponding short planetary gears (11) one by one, the long planetary gears (21) are also meshed with at least part of the ring gear (7), and the second oil path (24) is used for providing lubrication for the long planetary gear set (2).

7. A planetary gear according to claim 6, characterized in that the planet gear carrier (4) comprises at both ends a connecting portion (43) and an extending portion (44), the connecting portion (43) being arranged opposite the short planet gears (11) and the extending portion (44) being arranged opposite the ring gear (7).

8. A planetary gear according to claim 7, wherein the connecting portion (43) is provided with a first oil groove (431) and a first oil hole (432), the first oil groove (431) being located inside the connecting portion (43), the first oil groove (431) being for collecting lubricating oil thrown out of the planetary gear, the first oil hole (432) communicating the first oil groove (431) with an outer side surface of the connecting portion (43), the first oil hole (432) being for providing lubrication to the multiplate clutch (8).

9. A planetary gear mechanism according to claim 7, wherein the extension portion (44) is provided with a second oil groove (441) and a second oil hole (442), the second oil groove (441) being located inside the extension portion (44), the second oil groove (441) being for collecting lubricating oil thrown out of the planetary gear mechanism, the second oil hole (442) communicating the second oil groove (441) with an outer side surface of the extension portion (44), the second oil hole (442) being for providing lubrication to the one-way clutch (9).

10. An automatic transmission characterized by comprising the planetary gear mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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