CN214830131U - Suspension bed reactor system - Google Patents

Abstract

The application discloses suspension bed reactor system relates to petrochemical technical field. The suspended bed reactor system comprises: a plurality of reactors connected in series by a feed line; the gas inlet pipe is used for introducing quench gas and is provided with a plurality of gas inlet branch pipes, and the gas inlet branch pipes correspond to the reactors one by one; the injection point is arranged on the reactor; the temperature control structure is arranged between the air inlet branch pipe and the injection point and used for ensuring that the temperature in the reactor is within a reasonable range. This application is through safe and reliable's temperature control, temperature in the control reactor that can be accurate, and the reasonable injection of hydrogen can maximize the possibility that reduces coking in the reactor, makes the hydrocracking reaction more steady smooth-going, and the maximize has solved the bottleneck with past technique, for the long period operation of system provides the assurance, more can adapt to the market demand.

Description

Suspension bed reactor system

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of petrochemical industry, in particular to a suspension bed reactor system.

Background

The suspension bed hydrocracking technology is a hydrocracking process, and can convert petroleum residue and coarse coal into fuel oil which can be sold on the market, such as gasoline and diesel oil. The suspension bed reactor adopts slurry feeding, namely oil-solid mixed feeding. The oil phase is heavy oil to be processed, such as vacuum residuum, coal tar, catalytic slurry oil, asphalt and the like, and the solid phase is added catalyst, additive or coal powder.

As a core system of the suspension bed hydrocracking unit, the suspension bed reactor system determines the conversion efficiency of the reaction of the whole unit, i.e., the yield of the whole unit. Due to the nature of the reactor operating conditions at high pressure and high temperature, the stability requirements for the reactor operating conditions are extremely high. In the prior art, if the temperature of the reactor and its control scheme are not stable, the hydrocracking reaction in the reactor does not proceed smoothly or a temperature runaway occurs, or severe coking occurs, which can lead to production interruptions.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The application aims to provide a suspension bed reactor system, which solves the problem that the hydrocracking reaction cannot be smoothly carried out or temperature runaway can occur due to unstable reactor temperature in the prior art.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the embodiments of the present application adopt the following technical solutions: a suspended bed reactor system comprising: a plurality of reactors connected in series by a feed line; the gas inlet pipe is used for introducing quench gas and is provided with a plurality of gas inlet branch pipes, and the gas inlet branch pipes correspond to the reactors one by one; the injection point is arranged on the reactor; the temperature control structure is arranged between the air inlet branch pipe and the injection point and used for ensuring that the temperature in the reactor is within a reasonable range.

In above-mentioned technical scheme, this application embodiment is through safe and reliable's temperature control, temperature in the control reactor that can be accurate, and the reasonable injection of hydrogen can maximize the possibility that reduces coking in the reactor, makes the hydrocracking reaction more steady smooth-going, and the maximize has solved the bottleneck with past technique, provides the assurance for the long period operation of system, more can adapt to the market demand.

Further, according to the embodiment of the present application, wherein the reactor is a vertical reactor.

Further, according to the embodiment of the present application, the reactor is provided with a conical head.

Further, according to the embodiments of the present application, wherein the reactor is a cold wall design, the inner wall of the reactor is installed with refractory material.

Further, according to the embodiment of the application, the injection points are provided with a plurality of layers, and each layer is provided with a plurality of injection points which are uniformly distributed along the circumference direction of the column of the reactor.

Further, according to the embodiment of the present application, wherein the injection point is provided with 3-5 layers.

Further, according to the embodiment of the application, 3-6 injection points are arranged on each layer.

Further, according to the embodiment of the present application, wherein, the temperature control structure comprises: the injection pipeline is connected with the air inlet branch pipe and the injection point; a flow meter disposed on the injection line; the regulating valve is arranged on the injection pipeline; a thermometer disposed below the injection point.

Further in accordance with an embodiment of the present application, wherein the hydrogen partial pressure within the reactor is the product of the gas phase mole fraction of hydrogen at the reactor inlet and the absolute reactor inlet pressure.

Further, according to embodiments of the present application, wherein the reactors are provided with suitable fittings and instrumentation for measuring the differential pressure of each reactor.

Compared with the prior art, the method has the following beneficial effects: this application is through safe and reliable's temperature control, temperature in the control reactor that can be accurate, and the reasonable injection of hydrogen can maximize the possibility that reduces coking in the reactor, makes the hydrocracking reaction more steady smooth-going, and the maximize has solved the bottleneck with past technique, for the long period operation of system provides the assurance, more can adapt to the market demand.

Drawings

The present application is further described below with reference to the drawings and examples.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a suspended bed reactor system of the present application.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the temperature control structure of fig. 1.

In the attached drawings

1. A first reactor 2, a second reactor 3 and a third reactor

4. An air inlet pipe 5, a first air inlet branch pipe 6 and a second air inlet branch pipe

7. Three inlet branch pipes 8, temperature control structure 81 and injection pipeline

82. Regulating valve 83, flowmeter 84, thermometer

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clear and fully described, embodiments of the present invention are further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of some embodiments of the invention and are not limiting of the invention, and that all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without the exercise of inventive faculty are within the scope of the invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "middle", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", "top", "bottom", "side", "vertical", "horizontal", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "a," "an," "first," "second," "third," "fourth," "fifth," and "sixth" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.

For the purposes of simplicity and explanation, the principles of the embodiments are described by referring mainly to examples. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments. It will be apparent, however, to one skilled in the art that the embodiments may be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, well-known methods and structures have not been described in detail so as not to unnecessarily obscure the embodiments. In addition, all embodiments may be used in combination with each other.

Fig. 1 shows a detailed structure of a suspended bed reactor system in the present application. As shown in fig. 1, the suspended bed reactor system includes a plurality of reactors, specifically three reactors in this embodiment, which are a first reactor 1, a second reactor 2 and a third reactor 3. The three reactors are connected in series by feed lines. The slurry feed and hydrogen are premixed and preheated before being fed into the three reactors in sequence from bottom to top, wherein the linear velocity of the hydrogen must be maintained at a high level in order to fluidize the slurry feed in the reactors.

Furthermore, the reactor is vertical and is provided with a conical end socket. Particularly, a cold wall design is adopted, and the refractory material is arranged on the inner wall of the reactor. The reactor also has an internal protective lining that separates the feed from the refractory material and provides a smooth surface for reactor hydrodynamics.

Secondly, the suspended bed reactor system still include intake pipe 4, intake pipe 4 be used for letting in sharp cold gas to the reactor. This is because the conversion in the reactor is a highly exothermic reaction and a quench gas must be supplied to the reactor for temperature control. The air inlet pipe 4 is provided with a plurality of air inlet branch pipes which correspond to the reactors one by one, so that the air inlet branch pipe I5, the air inlet branch pipe II 6 and the air inlet branch pipe III 7 are arranged in the embodiment and respectively correspond to the first reactor 1, the second reactor 2 and the third reactor 3.

For this purpose, each reactor has 3 to 5 layers of quench gas injection points, each layer having 3 to 6 injection points, distributed uniformly along the circumference of the reactor cylinder. A temperature control structure 8 is arranged between the injection point and the air inlet branch pipe to ensure that the temperature in the reactor is within a reasonable range, avoid the possibility of temperature runaway of the reactor,

specifically, the temperature control structure 8 includes an injection line 81, a regulating valve 82, a flow meter 83, and a thermometer 84, the injection line 81 connecting the intake manifold and an injection point on the reactor, the flow meter 83 and the regulating valve 82 being provided in turn on the intake manifold 81, and the thermometer 84 being provided below the injection point. The temperature sensor 84 is connected to a flow meter 83, and the temperature in the reactor is measured and transmitted to the flow meter 83. The flow meter 83 and the regulating valve 82 control the flow rate in the injection line 81 by controlling the regulating valve 82.

Further, the hydrogen partial pressure in the reactor is the product of the gas phase mole fraction of hydrogen at the reactor inlet and the absolute reactor inlet pressure. The hydrogen partial pressure both affects the reaction kinetics (reforming and desulfurization) and reduces the potential for reactor coking. Sufficient hydrogen partial pressure can ensure that the liquid phase (or slurry) hydrogenation reaction in the reactor is complete, the material flow in the reactor is smoother, and the continuous hydrogen distributed in the reactor can inhibit the occurrence of coking reaction. Since the mole fraction of hydrogen in the gas phase cannot be measured directly, the reactor hydrogen partial pressure can be indirectly controlled by the total reactor inlet pressure, the supply of make-up hydrogen.

Further, each reactor is equipped with appropriate fittings and instrumentation for measuring the differential pressure across each reactor. This allows the operator to monitor the pressure rise due to coking in each reactor. Pressure and differential pressure measurements can sometimes be unreliable due to coking and plugging of instrument connections, and these connections can be flushed with hydrogen to prevent plugging, or larger diameter connections can be used to address these problems. The pressure differential across the reactor can also be used to ensure that the appropriate amount of additive solids is added to the system

Finally, the suspension bed reactor system of the suspension bed hydrocracking unit of this embodiment, through safe and reliable's temperature control, the temperature in the control reactor that can be accurate, the reasonable injection of hydrogen can maximize the possibility that reduces coking in the reactor, makes the hydrocracking reaction more steady smooth-going, and the maximize has solved the bottleneck with the past technique, provides the assurance for the long period operation of system, more can adapt to the market demand.

Although the illustrative embodiments of the present application have been described above to enable those skilled in the art to understand the present application, the present application is not limited to the scope of the embodiments, and various modifications within the spirit and scope of the present application defined and determined by the appended claims will be apparent to those skilled in the art from this disclosure.

Claims (10)

1. A suspended bed reactor system, comprising:

a plurality of reactors connected in series by a feed line;

the gas inlet pipe is used for introducing quench gas and provided with a plurality of gas inlet branch pipes, and the gas inlet branch pipes correspond to the reactors one by one;

an injection point disposed on the reactor;

a temperature control structure disposed between the inlet manifold and the injection point, the temperature control structure for ensuring that the temperature in the reactor is within a reasonable range.

2. The suspended bed reactor system of claim 1, wherein the reactor is a vertical reactor.

3. The suspended bed reactor system of claim 1, wherein the reactor has a conical head.

4. The suspended bed reactor system of claim 1, wherein the reactor is of a cold wall design and the inner wall of the reactor is fitted with a refractory material.

5. The suspended bed reactor system as set forth in claim 1, wherein the injection points are provided in a plurality of layers, each layer being provided with a plurality of injection points uniformly distributed along the circumference of the column of the reactor.

6. A suspended bed reactor system as set forth in claim 5 wherein said injection points are provided in 3-5 layers.

7. A suspended bed reactor system as set forth in claim 5, wherein there are 3-6 injection points per layer.

8. The suspended bed reactor system of claim 1, wherein the temperature control structure comprises:

an injection line connecting the intake manifold and the injection point;

a flow meter disposed on the injection line;

a regulating valve disposed on the injection line;

a thermometer disposed below the injection point.

9. A suspended bed reactor system as set forth in claim 8 wherein the partial pressure of hydrogen in the reactor is the product of the mole fraction of hydrogen in the gas phase at the reactor inlet multiplied by the absolute pressure at the reactor inlet.

10. A suspended bed reactor system as set forth in claim 1 wherein said reactors are provided with appropriate fittings and instrumentation for measuring differential pressure across each reactor.

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