CN214797742U - Adjustable array antenna based on substrate integrated waveguide and terminal - Google Patents
Adjustable array antenna based on substrate integrated waveguide and terminal Download PDFInfo
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- CN214797742U CN214797742U CN202120391963.4U CN202120391963U CN214797742U CN 214797742 U CN214797742 U CN 214797742U CN 202120391963 U CN202120391963 U CN 202120391963U CN 214797742 U CN214797742 U CN 214797742U
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Abstract
The utility model provides an array antenna can be regulated and control based on integrated waveguide of substrate, including upper dielectric substrate and lower floor's dielectric substrate, upper dielectric substrate upper surface and lower surface cover respectively has first metal level and second metal level, be provided with first metallization through-hole on the upper dielectric substrate, first metallization through-hole forms a closed array frame along the marginal distribution of upper dielectric substrate, first metallization through-hole runs through first metal level, upper dielectric substrate, the integrated waveguide cavity of second metal level formation substrate, the integrated waveguide cavity of substrate is including setting up the integrated waveguide of multiseriate substrate in the cavity, seted up on the upper dielectric substrate and run through upper dielectric substrate multiseriate gap unit, multiseriate substrate waveguide passes through the outside radiation signal of gap unit. The utility model discloses an adopt the feed-in gap array, it is higher to the degree of freedom of beam control, great reduction the whole size of antenna, reduced the cost that the antenna can be regulated and control to the beam, expanded the possibility that the antenna can be regulated and control in more scenes and used.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of electromagnetic microwaves, in particular to an array antenna and a terminal which can be regulated and controlled based on substrate integrated waveguide.
Background
In the field of electromagnetic waves, an antenna can be regarded as a transducer that can convert a guided wave on a transmission line into an electromagnetic wave in free space, and can also convert an electromagnetic wave into a guided wave. Therefore, in modern wireless communication systems, antennas are always an indispensable part as a conversion medium, as long as they are applied to electromagnetic waves, whether they are used to transmit information or energy by electromagnetic waves. Generally, the antenna itself has reversibility, and can be regarded as a transmitting antenna or a receiving antenna according to the reciprocity theorem, and the performance as a transmitting antenna or a receiving antenna is the same. However, with continuous innovation and iteration of the technology, the application scenarios of the antenna become wider and wider, which leads to higher performance requirements and higher functional requirements for the antenna itself, such as scanning of antenna beams.
In the conventional beam regulation and control mode, the change of the antenna beam directivity is realized mainly by adding a mechanical turntable to a directional antenna or manually rotating, so that the efficiency is low and the precision is insufficient. Phased array antennas have also been developed, in which the feeding phase of the radiating element in the phased array antenna is changed to realize the scanning switching of the beam, however, the overall structure of the antenna is very complex whether feeding through a transmission line or feeding through space, which not only increases the possibility of potential problems, but also increases the overall cost.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The application provides a method for upgrading a strategy of the Internet of things terminal aiming at the problems.
In order to solve at least one of the above technical problems, the present application proposes the following technical solutions:
in a first aspect, the utility model provides an array antenna can be regulated and control based on integrated waveguide of substrate, including upper dielectric substrate and lower floor's dielectric substrate, upper dielectric substrate superposes on the dielectric substrate of lower floor, upper dielectric substrate upper surface and lower surface cover respectively has first metal level and second metal level, be provided with first metallization through-hole on the dielectric substrate of upper strata, first metallization through-hole is followed the marginal distribution of upper dielectric substrate forms a closed array frame, first metallization through-hole runs through first metal level, upper dielectric substrate, second metal level and encloses into an integrated waveguide cavity of substrate jointly with first metal level, second metal level, integrated waveguide cavity of substrate is including setting up multiseriate integrated waveguide of substrate in the cavity, seted up on the dielectric substrate of upper strata and run through first metal level, The multi-row substrate waveguide structure comprises an upper-layer dielectric substrate and a plurality of rows of gap units of a second metal layer, wherein the plurality of rows of substrate waveguides radiate signals outwards through the gap units, and a direct current bias line is arranged on the lower surface of the lower-layer dielectric substrate and connected with a direct current bias network.
In some embodiments, a plurality of rows of second metalized through holes are formed in the cavity of the substrate integrated waveguide, and the second metalized through holes penetrate through the first metal layer, the upper dielectric substrate and the second metal layer and form a plurality of rows of the substrate integrated waveguide with the first metal layer and the second metal layer.
In some embodiments, a rectangular metal sheet is left in each slit unit, two sides of each rectangular metal sheet are connected to the first metal layer through Pin diodes, the Pin diodes are symmetrically placed on two sides of the rectangular metal sheet, a third metalized through hole penetrating through the upper dielectric substrate and the lower dielectric substrate is arranged in the center of each rectangular metal sheet, and the dc bias line is connected to the third metalized through hole.
In some embodiments, a circular aperture is also disposed in the second metal layer, the circular axis of the circular aperture being collinear with the circular axis of the third metalized via in the rectangular metal sheet.
In some embodiments, a fan-shaped structure is further disposed on the dc bias line.
In some embodiments, a shorting pin is disposed at the entrance end of each of the columns of substrate integrated waveguides for adjusting the overall reflection coefficient of the antenna.
In some embodiments, the upper dielectric substrate further comprises a microstrip matching line and an SMA joint, and the upper surface of the upper dielectric substrate is provided with the microstrip matching line for connecting the SMA joint.
In some embodiments, the upper dielectric substrate 1 and the lower dielectric substrate 2 are made of Rogers4350B plate materials, and have a relative dielectric constant of 3.6.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a terminal, including:
the steerable array antenna of any of the first aspects.
The beneficial effect of this application is: the utility model discloses a make the phase place of gap unit produce the difference, produce first degree of freedom in regulating and controlling the wave beam, then reserve the switch diode at the gap unit, control the gap through the switch of control diode and externally radiate the state of energy, produce the second kind degree of freedom of wave beam regulation and control from this, it is directional to produce the wave beam on the required direction through optimizing the debugging. Contrast traditional wave beam regulation and control's method, the utility model discloses the degree of freedom to beam control is higher, is similar to in the same place "move looks ware" and the ingenious combination of "antenna", when possessing more various, more accurate control antenna beam, great reduction the whole size of antenna, reduced the cost that the antenna can be regulated and control to the wave beam, expanded the possibility that the antenna can be regulated and control in more scenes and use.
In addition, in the technical solutions of the present application, the technical solutions can be implemented by adopting conventional means in the art, unless otherwise specified.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the detailed description of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the detailed description of the present application or the prior art description will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of an antenna;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of another angle of the overall structure of the antenna;
FIG. 3 is a top view of an upper dielectric substrate;
FIG. 4 is a bottom view of the upper dielectric substrate;
FIG. 5 is a top view of a lower dielectric substrate;
FIG. 6 is a bottom view of a lower dielectric substrate;
fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the antenna unit layer structure effect;
fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the diode placement effect.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the present application is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are illustrative of some, but not all embodiments of the invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
It should be noted that the terms "comprises" and "comprising," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or server that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed, but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1-8, the array antenna is adjustable and controllable based on a substrate integrated waveguide, and includes an upper dielectric substrate 1 and a lower dielectric substrate 2, the upper dielectric substrate 1 is stacked on the lower dielectric substrate 2, the upper surface and the lower surface of the upper dielectric substrate are respectively covered with a first metal layer 3 and a second metal layer 4, the upper dielectric substrate 1 is provided with a first metalized through hole, the first metalized through holes are distributed along the edge of the upper dielectric substrate 1 to form a closed array frame, the first metalized through hole 5 penetrates through the first metal layer 3, the upper dielectric substrate 1 and the second metal layer 4 and forms a substrate integrated waveguide cavity 7 together with the first metal layer 3 and the second metal layer 4, the substrate integrated waveguide cavity 7 includes a plurality of rows of substrate integrated waveguides arranged in the cavity, the upper dielectric substrate 1 is provided with a plurality of substrate integrated waveguides arranged to penetrate through the first metal layer 3, the upper dielectric substrate 1, And multiple rows of slot units 6 of the second metal layer 4, multiple rows of substrate waveguides radiate signals outwards through the slot units 6, the lower surface of the lower-layer medium substrate 2 is provided with a direct current bias line 12, and the direct current bias line 12 is connected with a direct current bias network 13. As shown in fig. 1, the lower dielectric substrate is mainly used for dc bias, and a fan-shaped structure 14 is further disposed on the dc bias line 12.
In this embodiment, multiple rows of second metallized through holes 71 are disposed in the cavity 7 of the substrate integrated waveguide, and the second metallized through holes 71 penetrate through the first metal layer 3, the upper dielectric substrate 1 and the second metal layer 4 and form multiple rows of substrate integrated waveguides with the first metal layer 3 and the second metal layer 4.
Specifically, a rectangular metal sheet 8 is reserved in each slit unit 6, two sides of each rectangular metal sheet 8 are connected with the first metal layer 3 through Pin diodes 9, the Pin diodes 9 are symmetrically arranged on two sides of each rectangular metal sheet 8, a third metalized through hole 10 penetrating through the upper-layer dielectric substrate 1 and the lower-layer dielectric substrate 2 is arranged in the center of each rectangular metal sheet 8, a direct current bias line 12 is connected with the third metalized through hole 10, and the third metalized through holes 10 in the multiple rows of slit units 6 form a metalized through hole array.
Specifically, as shown in the figure, a circular slit 17 is further disposed on the second metal layer 4, and a circular axis of the circular slit is collinear with a circular axis of the third metalized through hole 10 on the rectangular metal sheet. Therefore, the second metal layer 4 is provided with a circular gap 17 concentric with the third metallized through hole 10, and the second metal layer can be separated from the ground through the circular gap, so that the phenomenon of short circuit is avoided.
As shown in fig. 6, in the present embodiment, an 8-row substrate integrated waveguide is adopted, the antenna has 4 × 8 array elements, the three-dimensional structure of the array unit is as shown in fig. 7, the array unit includes a metalized through hole array, the metalized through hole array is formed by multiple rows of second metalized through holes, a slot unit array is arranged between every two adjacent rows of second metalized through holes, the slot unit array is formed by multiple rows of slot units, a rectangular metal sheet 8 is left in each slot unit, Pin diodes 9 are welded on two sides of each slot unit, and the connection manner is as shown in fig. 5. The two sides of each rectangular metal sheet 8 are connected with the first metal layer 3 through the Pin diodes 9, the Pin diodes 9 are symmetrically arranged on the two sides of the rectangular metal sheet 8, the center of the rectangular metal sheet 8 is provided with a third metalized through hole penetrating through the upper-layer medium substrate 1 and the lower-layer medium substrate 2, the direct current bias line 12 is connected with the third metalized through hole, and the metalized through hole array is composed of the third metalized through holes.
Specifically, a short-circuit pin 11 is arranged at the inlet end of each row of the substrate integrated waveguide and used for adjusting the overall reflection coefficient of the antenna.
Specifically, the micro-strip matching circuit further comprises a micro-strip matching line 15 and an SMA joint 16, wherein the micro-strip matching line 15 is arranged on the upper surface of the upper-layer dielectric substrate 1 and used for being connected with the SMA joint 16.
As shown in fig. 8, the upper dielectric substrate 1 and the lower dielectric substrate 2 were fabricated from Rogers4350B plate materials, and had a relative dielectric constant of 3.6. The upper and lower layers of dielectric substrates can adopt a step-shaped structure, the thickness of each dielectric substrate is 0.762mm, and the Pin diodes are bridged on the slot units, so that the radiation state of the slot units is controlled by controlling the switches of the Pin diodes, and the regulation and control of antenna beams are completed.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a terminal, such as a steerable array antenna as in the first aspect. For example, the terminal may be a smartphone, a computer, a tablet device, an internet of things device, a wearable device, and the like. The terminal may comprise an antenna as in any of the preceding embodiments.
The principle of the utility model is as follows: the utility model discloses a traveling wave feed, through designing resonant mode gap antenna, set up the gap unit, load the Pin diode on the gap unit to add bias voltage to the direct current offset network through the control panel, thereby enable the break-make of control diode and control the radiation state of gap unit, from this, can lead to producing the change on gap unit amplitude and the phase place behind this gap unit through the switch of gap unit, thereby realize the switching effect of wave beam;
meanwhile, the position and the distance of the antenna unit are freely adjustable by adopting a traveling wave feed mode, and antenna beam scanning is realized;
compared with the traditional phased array antenna, the mode that the wave beams are regulated and controlled by the phase amplitude change of the slot units directly omits a phase shifter, so that the overall cost and size are greatly optimized.
It should be noted that: the sequence of the embodiments in this specification is merely for description, and does not represent the advantages or disadvantages of the embodiments. And specific embodiments thereof have been described above. Other embodiments are within the scope of the following claims. In some cases, the actions or steps recited in the claims may be performed in a different order than in the embodiments and still achieve desirable results. In addition, the processes depicted in the accompanying figures do not necessarily require the particular order shown, or sequential order, to achieve desirable results. In some embodiments, multitasking and parallel processing may also be possible or may be advantageous.
The embodiments in the present specification are described in a progressive manner, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from the other embodiments. In particular, for the embodiments of the apparatus, the device and the storage medium, since they are substantially similar to the method embodiments, the description is relatively simple, and for the relevant points, reference may be made to the partial description of the method embodiments.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The array antenna is characterized by comprising an upper dielectric substrate (1) and a lower dielectric substrate (2), wherein the upper dielectric substrate (1) is superposed on the lower dielectric substrate (2), a first metal layer (3) and a second metal layer (4) are respectively covered on the upper surface and the lower surface of the upper dielectric substrate, a first metalized through hole is formed in the upper dielectric substrate (1), the first metalized through holes are distributed along the edge of the upper dielectric substrate (1) to form a closed array frame, a first metalized through hole (5) penetrates through the first metal layer (3), the upper dielectric substrate (1) and the second metal layer (4) and jointly forms a substrate integrated waveguide cavity (7) with the first metal layer (3) and the second metal layer (4), and the substrate integrated waveguide cavity (7) comprises a plurality of columns of substrate integrated waveguides arranged in the cavity, the multi-row substrate waveguide structure is characterized in that a plurality of rows of gap units (6) penetrating through a first metal layer (3), an upper dielectric substrate (1) and a second metal layer (4) are arranged on the upper dielectric substrate (1), the plurality of rows of substrate waveguides radiate signals outwards through the gap units (6), a direct current bias line (12) is arranged on the lower surface of the lower dielectric substrate (2), and the direct current bias line (12) is connected with a direct current bias network (13).
2. The substrate integrated waveguide-based tunable array antenna according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of rows of second metallized through holes (71) are formed in the substrate integrated waveguide cavity (7), and the second metallized through holes (71) penetrate through the first metal layer (3), the upper dielectric substrate (1), and the second metal layer (4) and form a plurality of rows of the substrate integrated waveguides with the first metal layer (3) and the second metal layer (4).
3. The substrate-integrated waveguide-based controllable array antenna according to claim 2, wherein a rectangular metal sheet (8) is left in each slot unit (6), both sides of each rectangular metal sheet (8) are connected with the first metal layer (3) through Pin diodes (9), the Pin diodes (9) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the rectangular metal sheet (8), a third metalized through hole (10) penetrating through the upper dielectric substrate (1) and the lower dielectric substrate (2) is arranged at the center of each rectangular metal sheet (8), and the dc bias line (12) is connected with the third metalized through hole (10).
4. The substrate-integrated waveguide-based steerable array antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that a circular slot (17) is further provided in the second metal layer (4), and the circular axis of the circular slot is collinear with the circular axis of the third metallized via (10) in the rectangular metal sheet.
5. The substrate-integrated waveguide-based steerable array antenna of claim 1, wherein a fan-shaped structure (14) is further disposed on the dc bias line (12).
6. The substrate integrated waveguide-based tunable array antenna according to claim 1, wherein a short-circuit pin (11) is disposed at the entrance end of each column of substrate integrated waveguides for adjusting the reflection coefficient of the antenna as a whole.
7. The substrate integrated waveguide-based controllable array antenna according to claim 1, further comprising a microstrip matching line (15) and an SMA connector (16), wherein the microstrip matching line (15) is arranged on the upper surface of the upper dielectric substrate (1) and is used for connecting the SMA connector (16).
8. The substrate-based integrated waveguide controllable array antenna according to claim 1, wherein the upper dielectric substrate (1) and the lower dielectric substrate (2) are made of Rogers4350B plates, and the relative dielectric constant is 3.6.
9. A terminal, comprising:
a substrate integrated waveguide tunable array antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202120391963.4U CN214797742U (en) | 2021-02-22 | 2021-02-22 | Adjustable array antenna based on substrate integrated waveguide and terminal |
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| CN202120391963.4U CN214797742U (en) | 2021-02-22 | 2021-02-22 | Adjustable array antenna based on substrate integrated waveguide and terminal |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113013606A (en) * | 2021-02-22 | 2021-06-22 | 深圳市环波科技有限责任公司 | Adjustable array antenna based on substrate integrated waveguide and terminal |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113013606A (en) * | 2021-02-22 | 2021-06-22 | 深圳市环波科技有限责任公司 | Adjustable array antenna based on substrate integrated waveguide and terminal |
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