CN214625234U

CN214625234U - Battery pack

Info

Publication number: CN214625234U
Application number: CN202121161003.5U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 牛力; 李新建; 张轩; 孙国华; 李周礼; 郭其鑫; 王浩
Original assignee: China Aviation Lithium Battery Co Ltd; CALB Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Avic Innovation Technology Research Institute Jiangsu Co ltd; China Aviation Lithium Battery Co Ltd; China Lithium Battery Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2021-05-27
Filing date: 2021-05-27
Publication date: 2021-11-05
Anticipated expiration: 2031-05-27

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of batteries, in particular to a battery assembly, which comprises at least two battery units, wherein each battery unit comprises at least two single batteries; wherein, be provided with the heat insulating mattress between two adjacent battery unit, belong to at least two adjacent battery cells of same battery unit with each big face contact. Through the design, under the same battery module spatial condition has, the utility model provides a battery pack can make the heat insulating mattress have sufficient installation space, and the thickness of heat insulating mattress is great promptly, avoids the battery thermal runaway in two adjacent battery units, causes battery safety risk, avoids simultaneously leading to producing the problem that the great bulging force causes the safety risk of battery because of equal direct contact sets up between all batteries in the battery unit.

Description

Battery pack

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a battery technology field especially relates to a battery pack.

Background

The space in the length direction in the existing battery pack structure is limited, the size of a battery matched with the limited space is standardized, the length space is limited except the thickness of the battery, and in addition, the expansion space required by the respiration effect of the battery needs to be considered, so that the design space for the heat insulation pad is very limited. However, when a thermal runaway occurs in a single battery cell in the battery pack, the generated heat needs a thermal insulation pad with a sufficient thickness to generate a thermal inhibition effect. Therefore, the existing battery assembly adopts a heat insulation space to carry out single-string heat insulation design, so that the heat suppression effect in the battery assembly is poor, and the heat diffusion risk is increased.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

A primary object of the present invention is to overcome at least one of the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art, and to provide a battery pack having a thermal insulation pad with sufficient installation space and a better thermal insulation effect.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:

according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a battery assembly, wherein the battery assembly comprises at least two battery units, each of the battery units comprising at least two battery cells; the heat insulation pad is arranged between every two adjacent battery units, and the large surfaces of at least one pair of adjacent single batteries belonging to the same battery unit are in contact with each other.

According to the above technical scheme, the utility model provides a battery pack's advantage lies in with positive effect:

the utility model provides a battery pack is provided with the heat insulating mattress between two adjacent battery units, belongs to two at least adjacent battery cells of same battery unit with big face contact separately. Through the design, under the same battery module spatial condition has, the utility model provides a battery pack can make the heat insulating mattress have sufficient installation space, and the thickness of heat insulating mattress is great promptly, avoids the battery thermal runaway in two adjacent battery units, causes battery safety risk, avoids simultaneously leading to producing the problem that the great bulging force causes the safety risk of battery because of equal direct contact sets up between all batteries in the battery unit.

Drawings

The various objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the invention, when considered in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The drawings are merely exemplary of the invention and are not necessarily drawn to scale. In the drawings, like reference characters designate the same or similar parts throughout the different views. Wherein:

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a partial structure of a battery assembly according to an exemplary embodiment;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the construction of the insulation mat of the battery assembly shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a portion of a battery assembly according to another exemplary embodiment;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a portion of a battery assembly according to another exemplary embodiment;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a portion of a battery assembly according to another exemplary embodiment;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a portion of a battery assembly according to another exemplary embodiment;

fig. 7 is a schematic view showing a partial structure of a battery pack according to another exemplary embodiment.

The reference numerals are explained below:

110. a battery cell;

111. a single battery;

200. a heat insulating pad;

201. a first heat insulating mat;

202. a second heat insulating mat;

210. a buffer frame;

220. a thermal insulation layer;

300. an end plate;

400. a cushion pad;

d1. thickness;

d2. thickness;

x. first direction.

Detailed Description

Exemplary embodiments that embody features and advantages of the invention are described in detail below. It is to be understood that the invention is capable of other and different embodiments and its several details are capable of modification without departing from the scope of the invention, and that the description and drawings are to be regarded as illustrative in nature and not as restrictive.

In the following description of various exemplary embodiments of the invention, reference is made to the accompanying drawings, which form a part hereof, and in which are shown by way of illustration various exemplary structures, systems, and steps in which aspects of the invention may be practiced. It is to be understood that other specific arrangements of parts, structures, example devices, systems, and steps may be utilized, and structural and functional modifications may be made without departing from the scope of the present invention. Moreover, although the terms "over," "between," "within," and the like may be used in this specification to describe various example features and elements of the invention, these terms are used herein for convenience only, e.g., in accordance with the orientation of the examples described in the figures. Nothing in this specification should be construed as requiring a specific three dimensional orientation of structures to fall within the scope of the invention.

Example one

Referring to fig. 1, a schematic diagram of a portion of a battery assembly according to the present invention is representatively illustrated, specifically illustrating a battery cell 110 and a heat insulation mat 200 of the battery assembly. In this exemplary embodiment, the present invention provides a battery pack that is applied to a vehicle-mounted battery pack as an example. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that various modifications, additions, substitutions, deletions, or other changes may be made to the specific embodiments described below in order to adapt the inventive concepts of the present invention to other types of battery packs or other applications, and still fall within the scope of the principles of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1, in the present embodiment, the battery assembly of the invention includes a battery unit 110 and a heat insulation pad 200. Referring to fig. 2, a schematic diagram of an insulation mat 200 that can embody principles of the present invention is representatively illustrated in fig. 2. The structure, connection mode and functional relationship of the main components of the battery pack according to the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in fig. 1, in the present embodiment, the battery assembly provided by the present invention includes two battery units 110, and each battery unit 110 includes two single batteries 111. On this basis, the heat insulation mat 200 is disposed between the adjacent two battery cells 110. Two adjacent unit cells 111 belonging to the same battery unit 110 are in contact with each other on a large surface. Through the design, under the same battery module spatial condition has, the utility model provides a battery unit spare can make the heat insulating mattress have sufficient installation space, and the thickness of heat insulating mattress is great promptly, avoids the battery thermal runaway in two adjacent battery units, causes battery safety risk, avoids simultaneously leading to producing the problem of the safety risk that great bulging force caused the battery because of equal direct contact sets up between all batteries in the battery unit.

It should be understood that, in other embodiments, the battery assembly provided by the present invention may also include three or more battery units 110, and each battery unit 110 may also include three or more single batteries 111. In other words, in various possible embodiments consistent with the design concept of the present invention, the battery assembly includes at least two battery units 110, and each battery unit 110 includes at least two unit batteries 111. In addition, a heat insulating mat 200 is provided between two adjacent battery units 110, and at least one pair of two adjacent unit batteries 111 belonging to the same battery unit 110 are in contact with each other on their large surfaces.

When the battery unit 110 includes three or more unit batteries 111, all the adjacent unit batteries 111 in the battery unit 110 are in contact with each other on the large surface. In other embodiments, when the battery unit 110 includes three or more single batteries 111, at least two adjacent single batteries 111 are in contact with each other on a large surface.

Optionally, as shown in fig. 2, in the present embodiment, the heat insulation pad 200 may include a buffer frame 210 and a heat insulation layer 220. Specifically, the buffer frame 210 includes a buffer material, and the buffer frame 210 has a frame structure, such as but not limited to a rectangular frame structure. The insulation layer 220 is disposed in the buffer frame 210. Through the above design, the heat insulation pad 200 can achieve the balance of the buffering function and the heat insulation function.

Further, based on the design of the heat insulation pad 200 including the buffer frame 210 and the heat insulation pad 220, in the embodiment, the buffer material included in the buffer frame 210 may specifically include silica gel. In view of the above, silica gel has plasticity, can produce deformation when receiving the extrusion force, then resumes deformation when the extrusion force is removed, to the expansion that monomer battery 111 among the battery pack produced at the charge-discharge in-process with resume deformation, has good buffering effect.

Further, based on the design that the heat insulation pad 200 includes the buffer frame 210 and the heat insulation pad 220, in the embodiment, the material of the heat insulation layer 220 may include aerogel. Accordingly, the aerogel can effectively obstruct the heat transfer between the battery cells 110, the heat suppression effect is good, the risk of thermal diffusion of the battery is reduced, and the safety of the battery assembly is improved.

Alternatively, as shown in fig. 3, in the present embodiment, at least two unit batteries 111 belonging to the same battery unit 110 may be parallel batteries, and all the unit batteries 111 in the parallel batteries may be in contact with each other on a large surface. Therefore, as the parallel battery units 110 are connected through the conductive bars, the conductive bars can conduct heat quickly, the risk of conducting heat through the conductive bars can be effectively reduced, heat diffusion is avoided, and the safety of the battery assembly is further improved.

Alternatively, in various possible exemplary embodiments consistent with the design concept of the battery pack provided by the present invention, the battery pack may include a battery module and a battery pack.

It should be noted that, compared with the prior art in which the heat insulating pad is disposed between each pair of adjacent two battery units, the present invention only provides the heat insulating pad 200 between the adjacent two battery units 110, and the two adjacent single batteries 111 belonging to the same battery unit 110 are in contact with each other through their large faces. The thickness of the heat insulation pad 200 may be greater than or equal to a reference thickness, where the reference thickness is required to satisfy a condition that "the temperature of any surface of the adjacent battery unit 110 insulated by the heat insulation pad 200 is less than a critical temperature of thermal runaway caused by heating of any surface of the adjacent battery unit 110". And, when the thickness of the heat insulating mat 200 is equal to the reference thickness, the thickness of the heat insulating mat 200 is equivalent to the minimum thickness of the heat insulating mat required for thermal runaway of the battery in which the battery assembly is placed, thereby avoiding the risk of thermal diffusion of the battery, improving the safety of the battery assembly, and further saving the production cost.

For example, take the battery grouping mode that the battery pack adopted 2P8S as an example, the utility model discloses an adopt the design of placing a heat insulating mattress between every two adjacent battery units, can roughly split into 4 thermal-insulated intervals with 16 battery cells in the battery pack. With the above design, the number of insulation mats was changed from the 7 required for the existing solution to 3, and the thickness of the single insulation mat was also changed from 1.58mm to 3.69mm required for the existing solution according to the above conditions. Experiments prove that the large-face temperature of the battery assembly after the thermal runaway of the battery is generated is about 650-750 ℃, the critical temperature T of the thermal runaway of the large face of the battery is about 250 ℃, the temperature after the thermal insulation of the thermal insulation pad is less than 250 ℃, and the thermal insulation pad can realize the thermal insulation of the thermal insulation pad with the thickness of 3mm and the temperature after the thermal insulation of the thermal insulation pad is less than 250 ℃ according to the thermal test result of the large face of the thermal insulation pad with different thicknesses of 650-750 ℃.

For the specific selection of the thickness of the heat insulation pad, the large-surface temperature after the thermal runaway of the battery is not a fixed value because the large-surface temperature of the battery is related to the size, the system, the lead-out mode of the tabs, the arrangement mode of the battery cells and the like, the selection of the thickness of the heat insulation pad is in direct proportion to the large-surface temperature after the thermal runaway of the battery, and the thickness of the heat insulation pad is at least larger than the thickness of the heat insulation pad which enables the large-surface temperature of the battery in the adjacent thermal runaway interval to be smaller than the critical temperature of the thermal runaway. For the space utilization who promotes the module, reduce the quantity of thermal runaway battery, under the condition that does not change battery pack length, it insulates against heat to divide the district to separate heat, reduce the quantity of heat insulating mattress and then improve the thickness of heat insulating mattress, separate thermal-insulated and the buffering setting not in the thermal-insulated interval, adopt the interval mode of thermal-insulated, to every battery that separates thermal-insulated interval, can realize closely arranging between the battery, battery contact sets up in the interval, and then improve the thickness of heat insulating mattress, promote heat insulating ability of heat insulating mattress, for avoiding separating the battery quantity in the thermal-insulated interval too much, according to the limited space in the module, make satisfying under the condition that heat insulating mattress separates the heat ability, interval battery quantity is minimum.

Example two

Based on the above detailed description of the first embodiment of the battery pack of the present invention, the second embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to fig. 3. The battery pack in the second embodiment has substantially the same design as that in the first embodiment, and a part of the battery pack in the second embodiment that is different from the first embodiment will be specifically described below.

As shown in fig. 3, in the present embodiment, the battery assembly provided by the present invention includes two battery units 110, and each battery unit 110 includes four single batteries 111. On this basis, the heat insulation mat 200 is disposed between the adjacent two battery cells 110. Two adjacent unit cells 111 belonging to the same battery unit 110 are in contact with each other on a large surface.

It should be understood that, in other embodiments, the battery assembly provided by the present invention may also include three or more battery units 110, and each battery unit 110 may also include two, three, five or more single batteries 111. In other words, in various possible embodiments consistent with the design concept of the present invention, the battery assembly includes at least two battery units 110, and each battery unit 110 includes at least two unit batteries 111.

EXAMPLE III

Based on the above detailed description of the first embodiment of the battery pack of the present invention, the third embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to fig. 4. The battery pack in the third embodiment has substantially the same design as that in the first embodiment, and a part of the battery pack in the third embodiment that is different from the first embodiment will be specifically described below.

As shown in fig. 4, in the present embodiment, the battery assembly provided by the present invention includes four battery units 110, and each battery unit 110 includes four single batteries 111. A heat insulating pad is disposed between each two adjacent battery units 110, that is, three heat insulating pads are disposed in total. Of the three heat insulating mats, two heat insulating mats located at both ends in the first direction X (i.e., the arrangement direction of the battery cells 110) are defined as first heat insulating mats 201, respectively, and the remaining heat insulating mats are defined as second heat insulating mats 202. On this basis, the thickness d1 of the first insulation mat 201 may be greater than the thickness d2 of the second insulation mat 202. Accordingly, since the first heat insulating spacer 201 needs to withstand the heat of the batteries of the two adjacent battery cells 110 more than the heat which needs to be withstood by the second heat insulating spacer 202 in the middle, the safety of the battery assembly can be further improved by thickening the second heat insulating spacer 210.

As described above, the number of the heat insulating mats required for dividing the first heat insulating mat 201 and the second heat insulating mat 202 is three or more, and therefore, in the present embodiment, it can be understood that, when the battery assembly includes at least four battery units 110, the thickness of the heat insulating mats located at both ends is greater than the thickness of the other heat insulating mats in the arrangement direction of the battery units 110.

Example four

Based on the above detailed description of the first embodiment of the battery pack of the present invention, a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to fig. 5. The battery pack in the fourth embodiment has substantially the same design as that in the first embodiment, and a part of the battery pack in the fourth embodiment that is different from the first embodiment will be specifically described below.

As shown in fig. 5, in the present embodiment, the battery assembly provided by the present invention includes two battery units 110, and each battery unit 110 includes four single batteries 111. A heat insulating mat 200 is disposed between two adjacent battery cells 110. Wherein, the utility model provides a battery pack still contains end plate 300, and end plate 300 sets up in the both ends department of battery unit 110. In addition, the heat insulating mat 200 may be disposed between the end plate 300 and the large surface of the adjacent battery cell 110. Accordingly, since the end plate 300 is generally made of metal and has good thermal conductivity, the heat insulating mat 200 is disposed between the end plate 300 and the large surface of the adjacent battery cell 110, thereby effectively preventing heat from being diffused in the battery pack and improving the safety of other components contacting the end plate 300.

EXAMPLE five

Based on the above detailed description of the first embodiment of the battery pack of the present invention, a fifth embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to fig. 6. The battery pack in the fifth embodiment has substantially the same design as that in the first embodiment, and a part of the battery pack in the fifth embodiment that is different from the first embodiment will be specifically described below.

As shown in fig. 6, in the present embodiment, the battery assembly provided by the present invention includes two battery units 110, and each battery unit 110 includes four single batteries 111. A heat insulating mat 200 is disposed between two adjacent battery cells 110. On this basis, a buffer pad 400 is disposed between two adjacent unit batteries 111 belonging to the same battery unit 110. That is, in the battery unit 110, the buffer pads 400 may be provided between the unit cells 111 other than the unit cells 111 that are in direct contact with each other, so that the influence of the swelling between the unit cells 111 can be effectively reduced, the balance between the heat insulation and the buffer can be further achieved, and the safety performance of the battery pack can be further improved.

In other embodiments, when one battery unit 110 includes two, three, five, or more than five single batteries 111, for the single batteries 111 belonging to the same battery unit 110, the buffer pads 400 may be disposed between at least one pair of adjacent single batteries 111, or the buffer pads 400 may be disposed between each pair of adjacent single batteries 111.

EXAMPLE six

Based on the above detailed description of the first to fifth embodiments of the battery pack according to the present invention, the sixth embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to fig. 7. The battery pack in the sixth embodiment has substantially the same design as that in the first to fifth embodiments, and the following description will specifically explain the differences between the battery pack in the sixth embodiment and the first to fifth embodiments.

As shown in fig. 7, in the present embodiment, the battery assembly provided by the present invention includes four battery units 110, and each battery unit 110 includes four single batteries 111. A heat insulating mat is disposed between two adjacent battery cells 110. The battery assembly further includes end plates 300, the end plates 300 being disposed at both ends of the battery cells 110. A heat insulating mat is also provided between the end plate 300 and the large surface of the adjacent battery cell 110. That is, the battery assembly has a total of five insulation mats. On this basis, two heat insulation pads located at both ends in the first direction X are defined as the first heat insulation pads 201, that is, the heat insulation pad disposed between the large surface of the battery cell 110 and the end plate 300 is the first heat insulation pad 201, and the remaining heat insulation pads are defined as the second heat insulation pads 202, and the thickness d1 of the first heat insulation pad 201 is greater than the thickness d2 of the second heat insulation pad 202. In addition, a buffer pad 400 is disposed between two adjacent unit batteries 111 belonging to the same battery unit 110.

It should be noted herein that the battery assemblies shown in the drawings and described in the present specification are but a few examples of the many types of battery assemblies that the principles of the present invention can be employed in. It should be clearly understood that the principles of the present invention are by no means limited to any details or any components of the battery assembly shown in the drawings or described in the specification.

For example, the battery cells 111, the heat insulating mat 200, the end plate 300, and the cushion mat 400 shown in the drawings are merely exemplary and are intended to illustrate the arrangement of the structures, and the thickness relationship of the structures shown in the drawings is not intended to be limiting.

To sum up, the utility model provides a battery pack is provided with the heat insulating mattress between two adjacent battery units, and two at least adjacent monomer batteries that belong to same battery unit contact with big face separately. Through the design, under the same battery module spatial condition has, the utility model provides a battery pack can make the heat insulating mattress have sufficient installation space, and the thickness of heat insulating mattress is great promptly, avoids the battery thermal runaway in two adjacent battery units 110, causes battery safety risk, avoids simultaneously leading to producing the problem that great bulging force causes the safety risk of battery because of equal direct contact sets up between all batteries in the battery unit.

Exemplary embodiments of a battery assembly as set forth in the present disclosure are described and/or illustrated in detail above. The embodiments of the invention are not limited to the specific embodiments described herein, but rather, components and/or steps of each embodiment may be utilized independently and separately from other components and/or steps described herein. Each component and/or step of one embodiment can also be used in combination with other components and/or steps of other embodiments. When introducing elements/components/etc. described and/or illustrated herein, the articles "a," "an," and "the" are intended to mean that there are one or more of the elements/components/etc. The terms "comprising," "including," and "having" are intended to be inclusive and mean that there may be additional elements/components/etc. other than the listed elements/components/etc. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" and the like in the claims and the description are used merely as labels, and are not numerical limitations of their objects.

While the present invention has been described in terms of various specific embodiments, those skilled in the art will recognize that the invention can be practiced with modification within the spirit and scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A battery assembly, comprising at least two battery units, each of said battery units comprising at least two battery cells; the heat insulation pad is arranged between every two adjacent battery units, and the large surfaces of at least one pair of adjacent single batteries belonging to the same battery unit are in contact with each other.

2. The battery pack of claim 1, wherein all adjacent cells in the cell are in contact on their respective large faces.

3. The battery pack according to claim 1, wherein at least two of the unit cells belonging to the same battery unit are parallel cells, and all the unit cells in the parallel cells are in contact with each other on their large surfaces.

4. The battery pack according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the thermal insulation pad is greater than a reference thickness that satisfies a condition that a temperature of any one of the surfaces adjacent to the battery cell, which is insulated by the thermal insulation pad, is less than a critical temperature for thermal runaway caused by heating of any one of the surfaces adjacent to the battery cell.

5. The battery pack according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the thermal insulation pad is equal to a reference thickness that satisfies a condition that a temperature of any one of the surfaces adjacent to the opposite sides of the battery cell, which is insulated by the thermal insulation pad, is lower than a critical temperature for thermal runaway caused by heating of any one of the surfaces adjacent to the opposite sides of the battery cell.

6. The battery pack according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the heat insulating mat comprises:

a buffer frame comprising a buffer material and having a frame-shaped structure;

and the heat insulation layer is arranged in the buffer frame.

7. The battery pack according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the battery pack comprises at least four of the battery cells, the battery cells being arranged in a first direction; wherein, in the first direction, the thickness of the heat insulation pad at two ends is greater than that of the other heat insulation pads.

8. The battery pack according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising an end plate, wherein the heat insulating mat is disposed between the end plate and a surface of the adjacent battery cell opposite to the battery cell.

9. The battery pack according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the battery unit comprises at least three single batteries, and a cushion pad is disposed between at least one pair of adjacent single batteries belonging to the same battery unit.

10. The battery pack of claim 1, wherein the battery pack comprises a battery module and a battery pack.