CN214589674U - Phase bias based nonlinear polarization rotation mode-locking fiber laser - Google Patents
Phase bias based nonlinear polarization rotation mode-locking fiber laser Download PDFInfo
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- CN214589674U CN214589674U CN202121240848.3U CN202121240848U CN214589674U CN 214589674 U CN214589674 U CN 214589674U CN 202121240848 U CN202121240848 U CN 202121240848U CN 214589674 U CN214589674 U CN 214589674U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a rotatory mode locking fiber laser based on phase place bias non-linear polarization, including the pumping source and arrange in proper order and constitute first high-reflecting mirror, birefringent crystal, Faraday rotator, first collimater, second collimater, half wave plate, polarization beam splitter prism and the second high-reflecting mirror of laser resonator on the light path, first collimater and second collimater pass through the gain optic fibre of polarization maintaining and link to each other; small pulse light formed when the fiber laser oscillates is polarized by the polarization beam splitter prism and is processed into two beams of orthogonal pulse light, and the two beams of orthogonal pulse light are incident on the second collimator and then are transmitted along the fast axis and the slow axis of the polarization-maintaining gain fiber respectively; the transmission paths are mutually exchanged by the phase shifting units, so that each orthogonal pulse respectively returns along the optical path of the other orthogonal pulse, and interference mode locking is generated in the polarization beam splitter prism to form ultrashort pulse output. The whole system of the laser is simple, and the system stability and the mode locking stability of the fiber laser can be improved.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of the fiber laser technique and specifically relates to a based on rotatory mode locking fiber laser of phase place biasing nonlinear polarization.
Background
Compared with other mode-locked lasers, the Nonlinear Polarization Rotation (NPR) mode-locked fiber laser not only has the advantages of compact structure, good stability, low price and the like, but also can realize self-mode locking without external signal modulation and any active device. Due to the characteristics of the nonlinear polarization rotation mode-locking fiber laser, the nonlinear polarization rotation mode-locking fiber laser has important application value in the fields of optical communication, optical sensing and the like.
The existing non-linear polarization rotation (NPR) fiber laser cannot completely utilize a full polarization-maintaining system, and a non-polarization-maintaining fiber used in a cavity of the laser is easily interfered by the environment, so that the stability of the existing NPR fiber laser is poor.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
For solving the current rotatory fiber laser of non-linear polarization easily receive environmental disturbance and have the relatively poor defect of stability, the utility model provides a based on rotatory mode locking fiber laser of phase place biasing non-linear polarization, can improve the system stability and the mode locking stability of fiber laser.
The utility model provides a rotatory mode locking fiber laser based on phase place bias nonlinearity polarization, including the pumping source and arrange in proper order and constitute first high-reflecting mirror, birefringent crystal, Faraday rotator, first collimater, second collimater, half wave plate, polarization beam splitter prism and the second high-reflecting mirror of laser resonator on the light path, first collimater and second collimater pass through the gain optic fibre of polarization maintaining and link to each other;
the pumping source is used for injecting pumping light into the laser resonant cavity to enable the fiber laser to oscillate;
the polarization of the polarization beam splitter prism is used for forming random small pulse light when the optical fiber laser oscillates, and the random small pulse light is processed into two beams of orthogonal pulse light through the polarization of the polarization beam splitter prism;
the half wave plate is used for transmitting the two beams of orthogonal pulse light to the second collimator and then transmitting the two beams of orthogonal pulse light along the fast axis and the slow axis of the polarization-maintaining gain fiber respectively;
the Faraday rotator and the birefringent crystal form a phase shift unit;
the first high reflector reflects the two beams of orthogonal pulse light passing through the phase shift unit, and the two beams of orthogonal pulse light pass through the phase shift unit twice and then exchange transmission paths so that each beam of orthogonal pulse is transmitted back along the optical path of the other beam;
the second high reflecting mirror reflects the orthogonal pulse light back to the inside of the laser resonant cavity;
two beams of orthogonal pulse light pass through the polarization-maintaining gain fiber, the half wave plate and the polarization beam splitter prism in sequence and return to the second high reflector, so that interference mode locking is generated on the polarization beam splitter prism to form ultrashort pulse output.
In a preferred embodiment, the phase-bias based nonlinear polarization rotation mode-locked fiber laser further comprises a wavelength division multiplexer, a common end of the wavelength division multiplexer is connected with the first collimator through a polarization-maintaining gain fiber, a transmission end of the wavelength division multiplexer is connected with the second collimator, and a pump source is connected to a tail portion of the wavelength division multiplexer.
In a preferred embodiment, the second collimator is implemented by a second fiber collimator, the second fiber collimator is connected between the polarization maintaining gain fiber and the half-wave plate, and the pump source is connected with the second fiber collimator.
In a preferred embodiment, the first collimator is implemented by a first fiber collimator, the first fiber collimator is connected with the second collimator through a polarization-maintaining gain fiber, and the pump source is connected with the first fiber collimator.
In a preferred embodiment, the polarization-maintaining gain fiber is a large mode area polarization-maintaining fiber, a doped gain polarization-maintaining fiber, a large mode area double-clad polarization-maintaining fiber or a polarization-maintaining photonic crystal fiber.
In a preferred embodiment, the Faraday rotator is a sheet type Faraday rotator or a Faraday rotator formed by inserting magneto-optical crystal into a permanent magnet.
In a preferred embodiment, a dispersion compensation element for dispersion compensation is provided between the polarization splitting prism and the high reflection mirror.
In a preferred embodiment, the dispersion compensating element is a grating pair or a prism pair.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses following beneficial effect has:
the utility model discloses an optical fiber laser's overall system simple structure, adopt half wave plate to project two bundles of orthogonal pulse light (the light of polarization) on the fast slow axis of polarization-preserving gain optic fibre, respectively along the fast axle and the slow axle transmission of polarization-preserving gain optic fibre, adopt faraday's circulator to realize the compensation of group's speed mismatch and linear phase shift, faraday's circulator and birefringent crystal constitute the phase shift unit so that produce the phase difference under the cross polarization state between the light of fast axle and the light of slow axle simultaneously, output port at the laser sets up polarization beam splitter prism and produces and interfere the realization mode locking, this greatly reduced the threshold value that the mode locking started, the laser structure has been simplified, whole stability and reliability have been improved simultaneously.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a first embodiment of a fiber laser according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a second embodiment of the fiber laser according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a third embodiment of the fiber laser according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a fourth embodiment of the fiber laser according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
To further clarify the technical solutions and effects adopted by the present application to achieve the intended purpose, the following detailed description is given with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments according to the present application. In the following description, different "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" refers to not necessarily the same embodiment. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments.
The utility model discloses a based on phase place non-linear polarization spin-lock mode fiber laser (being called for short "fiber laser" or "laser" again "), through the structure that improves the laser, adopt polarization maintaining gain optic fibre in order to improve the job stabilization nature of laser in the resonant cavity of laser.
Example one
As shown in fig. 1, the fiber laser disclosed in this embodiment includes a pump source 7, and a first high reflector 1, a birefringent crystal 2, a faraday rotator 3, a first collimator 4, a second collimator 8, a half-wave plate 9, a polarization beam splitter prism 10, and a second high reflector 12 that are sequentially arranged on a light path to form a laser resonant cavity, where the first collimator 4 and the second collimator 8 are connected by a polarization maintaining gain fiber 5, so that the length of the laser resonant cavity of the fiber laser can be adjusted as required by adjusting the length of the polarization maintaining gain fiber 5; the pump source 7 couples the pump light into the cavity through the coupler, and the pump power of the pump source 7 is larger than the oscillation threshold of the fiber laser to make the fiber laser oscillate.
The optical fiber laser forms random small pulse light when oscillation occurs, the small pulse light takes a polarization beam splitter prism 10 as a starting point, is divided into two mutually vertical polarization components through a half wave plate 9, is incident on a second collimator 8 and then is transmitted along a fast axis and a slow axis of a polarization-preserving gain optical fiber 5 respectively, so that the small pulse light is divided into two orthogonal beams of orthogonal pulse light, and the intensity ratio of the two orthogonal pulse light is determined by the included angle between the incident pulse and the polarization-preserving gain optical fiber 5.
The pump source 7 injects pump light into the laser resonant cavity through the coupler, and the orthogonal pulse light enters the polarization maintaining gain fiber 5, is amplified and is output from the first collimator 4; then the orthogonal pulse light enters a Faraday rotator 3, and the Faraday rotator 3 rotates the polarization direction of the orthogonal pulse light by 45 degrees clockwise; then the orthogonal pulse light passes through the birefringent crystal 2, the pulse in the linear polarization state is projected to the fast axis and the slow axis of the birefringent crystal 2 by rotating the birefringent crystal 2, and the orthogonal pulse light passes through the birefringent crystal 2 again after being reflected by the first high reflecting mirror 1 and then passes through the Faraday rotator 3; when the orthogonal pulse light passes through the faraday optical rotator 3 for the second time, the faraday optical rotator 3 rotates the orthogonal pulse by 90 degrees, so that two beams of orthogonal pulse light pass through the mutual exchange transmission path of the faraday optical rotator 3, the two beams of orthogonal pulse light faraday optical rotator 3 can return along the optical path of the opposite side, and when the faraday optical rotator 3 returns to the second collimator 8, the group velocity mismatch and the linear phase shift between the two beams of orthogonal pulse light can be perfectly compensated, and only the nonlinear phase shift is left.
The Faraday rotator 3 passes through the half-wave plate 9 again after the two orthogonal pulse lights, and finally the orthogonal pulse lights interfere at the polarizing beam splitter prism 10. Because two beams of orthogonal pulse light pass through the Faraday rotator 3 and the birefringent crystal 2 in positive and negative directions twice, the two beams of orthogonal pulse light generate non-anisotropic nonlinear phase shift difference
The nonlinear phase shift and the non-reciprocal phase shift generated in the polarization-maintaining gain fiber 5 constitute
So that the polarization-maintaining gain fiber 5, the first collimator 4, the faraday rotator 3, the birefringent crystal 2 and the first high-reflection mirror 1 form an equivalent fast saturable absorber, and the reflectivity of the equivalent fast saturable absorber changes along with the change rate of the nonlinear phase shift.
Wherein the fast and slow axes of said birefringent crystal 2 introduce an asymmetric phase shift resulting in a phase shift difference of light propagating with polarizations parallel to the different axes
(i.e., phase offset), phase shift difference
Is determined by the nature and thickness of the birefringent crystal, i.e.
Wherein n iseOf one of the orthogonal pulsed light beams, noIs the refractive index of another beam of orthogonal pulsed light,lthe thickness of the birefringent crystal 2 and λ are the wavelength.
The reflectivity of the orthogonal pulse light is related to the nonlinear phase shift quantity of the two orthogonal pulses, the reflectivity is a function of the phase shift difference of the two orthogonal pulses, and the phase shift offset is introduced to increase the change rate of the reflectivity so that the reflectivity of the equivalent saturable absorber changes faster along with the change of light intensity; the central part of the pulse is strong, and the phase shift generated in the resonant cavity is large, so that the reflectivity is high, and the pulse is easy to form oscillation, thereby realizing mode locking of the laser and forming ultrashort pulse output.
In the first embodiment, the coupler employs a wavelength division multiplexer 6, a common terminal of the wavelength division multiplexer 6 is connected to a first collimator 4 through a polarization maintaining gain fiber 5, a transmission terminal of the wavelength division multiplexer 6 is connected to a second collimator 8, and a pump source 7 is connected to a tail of the wavelength division multiplexer 6. The pump light generated by the pump source 7 is coupled into the laser resonator by the wavelength division multiplexer 6.
In this embodiment, the pump source 7 is a 976nm single mode pump. The working wavelength of the Faraday rotator 3 is 1550nm, a 976nm high-reflection 1550nm high-transmission optical filter is arranged in the wavelength division multiplexer 6, 1550nm antireflection films are plated on the first collimator 4 and the second collimator 8 respectively, 1550nm antireflection films are plated on the front and the rear of the half wave plate 9 respectively, 1550nm antireflection films are plated on the front and the rear of the birefringent crystal 2 respectively, and the transmission-reflection ratio of the polarization beam splitter prism 10 is 50: 50. The first high reflection mirror 1 and the second high reflection mirror 12 are each plated with a 1550nm total reflection film.
The polarization maintaining gain fiber 5 adopts a large mode area polarization maintaining fiber, a doped gain polarization maintaining fiber, a large mode area double-cladding polarization maintaining fiber or a polarization maintaining photonic crystal fiber.
The Faraday rotator is a sheet type Faraday rotator or a Faraday rotator formed by inserting magneto-optical crystal into a permanent magnet.
The operation of the optical fiber laser comprises the following steps:
step S1, according to the energy of the pulse light needed by the fiber laser, determining that the pumping power of the pumping source 7 is larger than the oscillation threshold of the fiber laser, and coupling the pumping light of the pumping source 7 into the laser resonant cavity to enable the laser to oscillate to form random small pulse light;
step S2, the random small pulse light generates two orthogonal pulse lights in a linear polarization state with the polarization beam splitter prism 10 as a starting point, and the two orthogonal pulse lights are projected onto the fast axis and the slow axis of the polarization maintaining gain fiber 5 through the half wave plate 9. The intensity ratio between the two orthogonal pulse lights is determined by the included angle between the incident pulse and the fast axis of the polarization maintaining gain fiber 5.
In step S3, the two orthogonal pulse lights are respectively transmitted along the fast axis and the slow axis of the polarization maintaining gain fiber 5, amplified by the polarization maintaining gain fiber 5, and then reach the first collimator 4 and enter the faraday rotator 3.
Step S4, the faraday rotator 3 rotates the polarization direction of the two beams of orthogonal pulse light clockwise by 45 °, then the two beams of orthogonal pulse light sequentially pass through the birefringent crystal 2 to reach the first high reflecting mirror 1, and after being reflected by the first high reflecting mirror 1, the two beams of orthogonal pulse light pass through the birefringent crystal 2 and the faraday rotator 3 for two times, the faraday rotator 3 rotates the polarization direction of the two beams of orthogonal pulse light clockwise by 45 ° again, and the two beams of orthogonal pulse light exchange transmission paths with each other so that each beam of orthogonal pulse light is transmitted back along the optical path of the other.
When the two beams of orthogonal pulse light pass through the birefringent crystal 2, the two beams of orthogonal pulse light are respectively parallel to the fast axis and the slow axis of the birefringent crystal 2.
Step S5, when the two orthogonal pulse lights return to the second collimator 9 through the polarization maintaining gain fiber 5, the group velocity mismatch and the linear phase shift between them can be perfectly compensated, and only the nonlinear phase shift remains; then the orthogonal pulse light is transmitted to a second high reflector 12 through a half wave plate 9 and a polarization beam splitter prism 10, the orthogonal pulse light is reflected to the inside of the laser resonant cavity by the second high reflector 12, interference occurs in the polarization beam splitter prism 10, and mode locking is achieved to form ultrashort pulse output.
Because two beams of orthogonal pulse light pass through the Faraday rotator 3 and the birefringent crystal 2 in positive and negative twice, the orthogonal pulse light generates non-anisotropic nonlinear phase shift, the nonlinear phase shift and the non-anisotropic phase shift generated in the polarization-preserving gain fiber 5 form phase offset, so that a reflectivity curve changes, and the first high-reflection mirror 1, the birefringent crystal 2, the Faraday rotator 3, the first collimator 4, the polarization-preserving gain fiber 5, the second collimator 8, the half wave plate 9 and the polarization beam splitter prism 10 play a role of a rapid saturable absorber in the fiber laser together. In addition, the reflectivity of the pulsed light is related to the nonlinear phase shift quantity of the two orthogonal pulses, the reflectivity is a function of the phase shift difference of the two orthogonal pulses, and the phase shift offset is introduced to increase the change rate of the reflectivity so that the reflectivity of the equivalent saturable absorber changes faster along with the change of light intensity; the central part of the pulse is strong, and the phase shift generated in the laser resonant cavity of the laser is large, so that the reflectivity is high, and the pulse is easy to form oscillation, thereby realizing mode locking of the laser and forming ultrashort pulse output.
From this it is visible, the utility model discloses an optical fiber laser adopts half wave plate 9 to project two bundles of orthogonal pulse light (the light of polarization) on polarization-maintaining gain optical fiber 5's fast slow axis, respectively along polarization-maintaining gain optical fiber 5's fast axle and slow axle transmission, adopt Faraday rotator 3 to realize the compensation of group's speed mismatch and linear phase shift, Faraday rotator 3 simultaneously and birefringent crystal 2 constitute the phase shift unit so that produce the phase difference between the light of fast axle and the light of slow axle under the cross polarization state, set up polarizing beam splitter prism 10 at the output port of laser and produce the interference and realize the mode locking, this greatly reduced the threshold value that the mode locking starts, the laser structure has been simplified, whole stability and reliability have been improved simultaneously.
In addition, the Faraday rotator mirror made of thin film magneto-optical material replaces a conventional optical fiber type isolator or a free space isolator made of crystal magneto-optical material, and an optical fiber collimator replaces a conventional optical fiber wavelength division multiplexer and an optical fiber collimator, so that the length of an optical fiber in the optical fiber laser is greatly shortened, the laser system is simplified, and the laser conversion efficiency is improved.
Example two
In the fiber laser shown in fig. 2, a dispersion compensation element 11 for performing dispersion compensation is provided between the polarization splitting prism 10 and the high reflection mirror 12, as compared with fig. 1. Wherein, the dispersion compensation element adopts a grating pair or a prism pair.
Wherein the pump source 7 is a 976nm single mode pump. The working wavelength of the Faraday rotator 3 is 1030nm, a 976nm high-reflection 1030 high-transmission optical filter is arranged in the wavelength division multiplexer 6, 1030nm antireflection films are plated on the surfaces of the first collimator 4 and the second collimator 8, 1030nm antireflection films are plated on the front surface and the rear surface of the half wave plate 9, and 1030nm antireflection films are plated on the front surface and the rear surface of the birefringent crystal 2; the transmission reflectance of the polarization splitting prism 10 is 50: 50. The grating pair adopts 1600nm line transmission type grating. The first high reflecting mirror 1 and the second high reflecting mirror 12 are both plated with 1030nm total reflection films.
EXAMPLE III
As shown in fig. 3, compared with the embodiment shown in fig. 2, the second collimator 8 is implemented by using a second fiber collimator 13, the second fiber collimator 13 is connected between the polarization maintaining gain fiber 5 and the half-wave plate 9, and the pump source 7 is connected to the second fiber collimator 13 to be coupled into the laser resonator by the second fiber collimator 13. That is, the present example employs the second fiber collimator 13 instead of the fiber wavelength division multiplexer 6 and the second collimator 8 in fig. 1. The implementation mode greatly shortens the length of the optical fiber in the optical fiber laser, and is beneficial to further simplifying the structure of the laser.
Example four
As shown in fig. 4, compared with fig. 3, in the optical fiber laser disclosed in this embodiment, the first collimator 4 is implemented by using a first optical fiber collimator 14, the first optical fiber collimator 14 is connected to the second collimator 8 or the second optical fiber collimator 13 through the polarization maintaining gain fiber 5, and the pump source 7 is connected to the first optical fiber collimator 14 so as to be coupled into the laser resonator by the first optical fiber collimator 14.
The above description is only exemplary of the present application and should not be taken as limiting the present application, as any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (8)
1. The non-linear polarization rotation mode-locking fiber laser based on phase bias is characterized by comprising a pumping source, a first high reflector, a birefringent crystal, a Faraday rotator, a first collimator, a second collimator, a half wave plate, a polarization beam splitter prism and a second high reflector, wherein the first high reflector, the birefringent crystal, the Faraday rotator, the first collimator, the second collimator, the half wave plate, the polarization beam splitter prism and the second high reflector are sequentially arranged on a light path to form a laser resonant cavity;
the pumping source is used for injecting pumping light into the laser resonant cavity to enable the fiber laser to oscillate;
the polarization of the polarization beam splitter prism is used for forming random small pulse light when the optical fiber laser oscillates, and the random small pulse light is processed into two beams of orthogonal pulse light through the polarization of the polarization beam splitter prism;
the half wave plate is used for transmitting the two beams of orthogonal pulse light to the second collimator and then transmitting the two beams of orthogonal pulse light along the fast axis and the slow axis of the polarization-maintaining gain fiber respectively;
the Faraday rotator and the birefringent crystal form a phase shift unit;
the first high reflector reflects the two beams of orthogonal pulse light passing through the phase shift unit, and the two beams of orthogonal pulse light pass through the phase shift unit twice and then exchange transmission paths so that each beam of orthogonal pulse is transmitted back along the optical path of the other beam;
the second high reflecting mirror reflects the orthogonal pulse light back to the inside of the laser resonant cavity;
two beams of orthogonal pulse light pass through the polarization-maintaining gain fiber, the half wave plate and the polarization beam splitter prism in sequence and return to the second high reflector, so that interference mode locking is generated on the polarization beam splitter prism to form ultrashort pulse output.
2. The fiber laser based on phase-biased nonlinear polarization rotation mode-locked according to claim 1, further comprising a wavelength division multiplexer, wherein a common terminal of the wavelength division multiplexer is connected to the first collimator through a polarization-maintaining gain fiber, a transmission terminal of the wavelength division multiplexer is connected to the second collimator, and a pump source is connected to a tail portion of the wavelength division multiplexer.
3. The fiber laser based on phase-biased nonlinear polarization rotation mode-locked according to claim 1, wherein the second collimator is implemented by a second fiber collimator, the second fiber collimator is connected between the polarization maintaining gain fiber and the half-wave plate, and the pump source is connected to the second fiber collimator.
4. The phase-bias nonlinear polarization rotation mode-locked fiber laser as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first collimator is implemented by a first fiber collimator, the first fiber collimator is connected to the second collimator by a polarization-maintaining gain fiber, and the pump source is connected to the first fiber collimator.
5. The fiber laser according to claim 1, wherein the polarization-maintaining gain fiber is a large mode area polarization-maintaining fiber, a doped gain polarization-maintaining fiber, a large mode area double-clad polarization-maintaining fiber, or a polarization-maintaining photonic crystal fiber.
6. The fiber laser based on phase-biased nonlinear polarization rotation mode-locked according to claim 1, wherein the faraday rotator is a sheet type faraday rotator or a faraday rotator formed by inserting a magneto-optical crystal into a permanent magnet.
7. The fiber laser according to claim 1, wherein a dispersion compensation element for dispersion compensation is disposed between the polarization splitting prism and the high reflection mirror.
8. The phase-bias nonlinear polarization rotation mode-locked fiber laser according to claim 7, wherein the dispersion compensation element is a grating pair or a prism pair.
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Address after: No. 25 Sanle East Road, Shunjiang Community, Beijiao Town, Shunde District, Foshan City, Guangdong Province, 528311, Building 5, Block A, 701, Integrated Science and Technology Innovation Park Phase 1 (Residence Application) Patentee after: PulseX Laser Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: No.2-18, Chenggong Road, Fengfeng Industrial Zone, Gujian village, Daliang street, Shunde District, Foshan City, Guangdong Province 528300 Patentee before: Foshan pacos Laser Technology Co.,Ltd. |
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