CN214571746U - Multi-section gas distributor and gasification furnace - Google Patents
Multi-section gas distributor and gasification furnace Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN214571746U CN214571746U CN202120316142.4U CN202120316142U CN214571746U CN 214571746 U CN214571746 U CN 214571746U CN 202120316142 U CN202120316142 U CN 202120316142U CN 214571746 U CN214571746 U CN 214571746U
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- distribution plate
- distribution
- gas distributor
- section
- hole
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Images
Landscapes
- Devices And Processes Conducted In The Presence Of Fluids And Solid Particles (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model provides a multistage formula gas distributor and gasifier. The gas distributor includes: a first distribution plate and a second distribution plate; the first distribution plate is arranged above the second distribution plate along the periphery of the second distribution plate, and an included angle between the side wall of the first distribution plate and the cross section of the first distribution plate is smaller than an included angle between the side wall of the second distribution plate and the cross section of the second distribution plate; the first distribution plate is provided with a plurality of first distribution holes, the second distribution plate is provided with a plurality of second distribution holes, and an included angle between the axial direction of each second distribution hole and the tangential direction of the cross section circle of the second distribution plate is an acute angle. The utility model discloses a sectional type distributing plate and different section distributing plates adopt different air inlet modes to effectively improve the fluidization quality of fluidized bed.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a coal gasification technical field particularly, relates to a multistage formula gas distributor and gasifier.
Background
The coal gasification technology is one of core technologies for efficient and clean utilization of coal, and the fluidized bed coal gasification technology is one of the earliest industrialized gasification technologies, and is a gasification technology in which raw material coal keeps continuous boiling and suspension state motion under the action of a bottom-up gasification agent, and mixing and heat exchange are rapidly carried out. The gas distributor is one of the main components in the fluidized bed equipment, and mainly plays a role in uniformly distributing the gasifying agent, enabling the gasifying agent to be in good contact with the raw material coal, enabling the raw material coal to be in a suspension motion state and avoiding the formation of a fluidization dead zone (a region where materials do not flow). The shape and structure of the device greatly influence the production operation performance of heat transfer, mass transfer and the like of the device.
In the case of application of the existing mature fluidized bed reactor, most of distribution plates adopted by a gasification furnace are conical distribution plates, the angles between the distribution plates and the horizontal plane are 45 degrees, the distribution plates are full of small holes, and the small holes are easy to block during vertical opening and vertical opening, easy to leak materials during parking, troublesome in cleaning a gas chamber, less in application and mostly horizontal in opening direction. However, there are still many problems associated with the use of existing gas distributors in pressurized fluidized bed gasifiers, particularly in the gasification of wide particle size distribution feed coal:
(1) because the velocity change gradient of the conical distribution plate area is large, the flow field distribution in the gasifier is uneven, large particles are easy to lose fluidization to form a flow dead zone, particularly the flow dead zone is easy to form at the joint of the conical distribution plate and the gasifier cylinder due to limited fluidization above the conical distribution plate, under the condition of oxygen introduction, the oxygen concentration diffusion is blocked due to the flow dead zone, so that the coal powder is violently combusted in a region with large local oxygen concentration, local overheating and coal particles are bonded, the gasification efficiency of the gasifier is reduced, and even slag is caused on the distribution plate to cause the gasifier to be incapable of slagging, and finally the whole device is abnormally stopped;
(2) because the gas velocity of the small holes of the conical distribution plate in the pressurized fluidized bed gasification furnace is relatively low, and the direction is directly directed to the center of the distribution plate, the small holes are easily sucked by the high-speed jet flow area, so that the gas flow distribution in the distribution plate area is uneven, and the fluidization condition of the upper gasification furnace is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the utility model provides a multistage formula gas distributor and gasifier aims at solving current toper distributing plate and forms the problem that the dead zone that flows and air current distribution are uneven easily.
On the one hand, the utility model provides a multistage formula gas distributor, this multistage formula gas distributor includes: a first distribution plate and a second distribution plate; the first distribution plate is arranged above the second distribution plate along the periphery of the second distribution plate, and an included angle between the side wall of the first distribution plate and the cross section of the first distribution plate is smaller than an included angle between the side wall of the second distribution plate and the cross section of the second distribution plate; the first distribution plate is provided with a plurality of first distribution holes, the second distribution plate is provided with a plurality of second distribution holes, and an included angle between the axial direction of each second distribution hole and the tangential direction of the cross section circle of the second distribution plate is an acute angle.
Further, in the multi-stage gas distributor, an included angle between the axial direction of each second distribution hole and the tangential direction of a cross-sectional circle of the second distribution hole is 45 to 80 degrees.
Furthermore, in the multi-stage gas distributor, a hood is disposed above each first distribution hole to prevent particles from falling from the first distribution holes.
Further, in the multi-stage gas distributor, an included angle between a side wall of the first distribution plate and a cross section of the first distribution plate is 0 to 20 ℃; and an included angle between the side wall of the second distribution plate and the cross section of the second distribution plate is 30-50 degrees.
Further, in the multi-stage gas distributor, each of the first distribution holes is vertically arranged or arranged along a thickness direction of the first distribution plate.
Further, in the multi-stage gas distributor, the hole pitch of the first distribution plate is smaller than the hole pitch of the second distribution plate, and the aperture ratio of the first distribution plate and/or the second distribution plate is 0.5% to 5%.
Further, in the multi-stage gas distributor, the ratio of the transverse width of the first distribution plate to the transverse width of the second distribution plate is 0.1 to 0.5.
Further, in the multi-stage gas distributor, each of the first distribution holes and/or each of the second distribution holes is a circular hole or a hexagonal hole.
Further, in the multi-section gas distributor, an arc-shaped transition structure is arranged between the first distribution plate and the second distribution plate.
The utility model provides a multistage formula gas distributor, carry out the segmentation design with gas distributor, the gasification agent can directly get into the bed in the region that first distribution plate links to each other with the gasification shell through first distribution plate, make the better flow of this regional granule, and then improve the fluidization effect of this place granule, thereby avoid the appearance of this place fluidization blind spot, improve the fluidization effect of gasifier, the coal dust is violently burnt in the region that local oxygen concentration is great among the solution prior art, local overheat, coal particle takes place to bond, make gasifier gasification efficiency reduce, cause the slagging scorification even on the distribution plate and cause the gasifier can't realize arranging the sediment, finally lead to the problem that whole device abnormally parkked; and because the included angle between the axial direction of each second distribution hole and the tangential direction of the cross section circle of the second distribution plate is an acute angle, the gasifying agent passes through the second distribution plate and then moves upwards in a spiral curve, the horizontal direction movement time is greatly prolonged, the probability that a large amount of gas and central jet flow gas are polymerized to enter a bed layer is reduced, and the risk that slag is generated by ash fusion due to the generation of local high temperature is further reduced, so that the gas entering the second distribution plate flows into the upper gasification furnace more uniformly, the fluidization quality is better, the gasification efficiency is improved, and the stable operation time of the gasification furnace is also improved.
On the other hand, the utility model also provides a gasifier, it is equipped with above-mentioned multistage formula gas distributor.
Since the multi-stage gas distributor has the above-mentioned effects, the gasification furnace having the multi-stage gas distributor also has corresponding technical effects.
Drawings
Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments. The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Also, like reference numerals are used to refer to like parts throughout the drawings. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a gasification furnace provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a partial sectional view of a gasification furnace provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a sectional view of a local position of a multi-stage gas distributor according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a second distribution plate according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art. It should be noted that, in the present invention, the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1 to 2, schematic structural diagrams of a gasification furnace provided by an embodiment of the present invention are shown. As shown in the drawing, the gasification furnace includes: a gasification furnace shell 1, a multi-section gas distributor 2, a central jet pipe 3 and a ring pipe 4; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the multi-section gas distributor 2 is arranged at the lower part in the gasification furnace shell 1; the ring canal 4 is located in the gasifier shell 1 and is arranged below the multi-section gas distributor 2, the central jet pipe 3 is coaxially arranged in the ring canal 4, and an annular gap is formed between the central jet pipe 3 and the ring canal 4. Specifically, the central jet pipe 3 is used for inputting central jet gas to strengthen a flow field in the gasification furnace, an annular gap between the central jet pipe 3 and the annular pipe 4 is used as a slag discharge channel for discharging ash generated in the gasification furnace, and low-speed gas such as nitrogen can be introduced into the annular gap between the central jet pipe 3 and the annular pipe 4 to control the slag discharge amount. Wherein, the gasifier shell 1 is provided with an air inlet pipe 5 for introducing a gasifying agent into a gas chamber 6 in the gasifier below the multi-section gas distributor 2, and the gasifying agent is gas. The gasification agent mixed in the boundary zone enters the gas chamber 6 through the gas inlet pipe 5, and because the pressure of the gas chamber 6 is generally 0.2-1MPa higher than that of the gasification furnace, the gasification agent moves in the gas chamber 6 to the dense-phase fluidized bed layer 7 above the multi-section gas distributor 2 through the multi-section gas distributor 2 according to the property that the gasification agent flows from the high-pressure zone to the low-pressure zone under the driving of pressure difference. Wherein, the ring pipe 4 is a tubular structure.
With continued reference to fig. 1-4, the multi-stage gas distributor 2 includes: a first distribution plate 21 and a second distribution plate 22; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the first distribution plate 21 is disposed above the second distribution plate 22 along the outer periphery of the second distribution plate 22. Specifically, the first distribution plate 21 is disposed above the second distribution plate 22, and the first distribution plate 21 is disposed circumferentially around the outer periphery of the second distribution plate 22 to form a two-stage distribution plate structure. The top end of the first distribution plate 21 can be connected to the inner wall of the gasification furnace shell 1, the bottom end of the first distribution plate 21 is connected to the top end of the second distribution plate 22, both the first distribution plate 21 and the second distribution plate 22 can be in a tapered distribution plate structure, and the two can be integrated or connected by other connection methods, which is not limited in this embodiment; the bottom end of the second distribution plate 22 may be connected to the top wall of the bustle pipe 4. The first distribution plate 21 and the second distribution plate 22 may be both cone-shaped distribution plate structures, and may be integrated with each other or connected by other connection methods. In order to improve the operation stability of the multi-section gas distributor 2, an arc transition structure 23 is arranged between the first distribution plate 21 and the second distribution plate 22, so that the flow resistance of materials in the process of switching different boundaries can be reduced, and the problems of local wear and thermal expansion of equipment can be solved.
In order to avoid the formation of a flow dead zone at the joint of the first distribution plate 21 and the gasifier shell 1, the included angle α between the side wall of the first distribution plate 21 and the cross section (horizontal plane shown in fig. 1) of the first distribution plate 21 is smaller than the included angle β between the side wall of the second distribution plate 22 and the cross section (horizontal plane shown in fig. 1) of the second distribution plate 22, so that the gasifying agent in the gas chamber 6 enters the dense-phase fluidized bed layer 7 through the first distribution holes 211 of the first distribution plate 21, and the gasifying agent enables the particles on the upper part of the first distribution plate 21 to start flowing, thereby improving the fluidization effect of the particles at the position and avoiding the formation of the flow dead zone; meanwhile, the gasification agent enters the dense-phase fluidized bed layer 7 from the second distribution holes 221 of the second distribution plate 22, and the gasification agent moves upwards in a spiral curve under the action of the central jet gas, so that the movement time of the gasification agent in the horizontal direction can be prolonged, and the risk of slag bonding caused by the melting of ash due to the generation of local high temperature is reduced. Specifically, an included angle α between the side wall of the first distribution plate 21 and a cross section (a horizontal plane as shown in fig. 1) of the first distribution plate 21 may be 0 to 20 degrees, and an included angle β between the side wall of the second distribution plate 22 and a cross section (a horizontal plane as shown in fig. 1) of the second distribution plate 22 may be 30 to 50 degrees, that is, the first distribution plate 21 is relatively gently arranged, and the second distribution plate 22 is relatively steeply arranged, the first distribution plate 21 is relatively gentle, which may prevent a fluidization dead zone from being formed at a connection portion with the gasifier housing 1, and the second distribution plate 22 is relatively steep, which may facilitate a gasification agent entering the dense-phase fluidization bed 7 to enter in a horizontal direction, and further move upward in a spiral curve under the action of central jet. That is to say, according to the flowing characteristics of the gas, the sectional distribution plate and the different distribution plates adopt different gas inlet modes to effectively improve the fluidization quality of the fluidized bed, so that the gas is more uniformly and reasonably distributed on the cross section of the gasification furnace, the fluidization state of the upper end of the distribution plate and the contact area of the gasification furnace is improved, and the risk that ash slag is easy to form slag in the distribution plate area or the upper end of the distribution plate is reduced.
The first distribution plate 21 is provided with a plurality of first distribution holes 211, the second distribution plate 22 is provided with a plurality of second distribution holes 221, and an included angle gamma between the axial direction of each second distribution hole 221 and the tangential direction A-A of the cross section circle of the second distribution plate 22 is an acute angle. Specifically, the first distribution plate 21 may be provided with several circles of first distribution holes 211, and each of the first distribution holes 211 may be disposed vertically (with respect to the direction shown in fig. 1) or in the thickness direction of the first distribution plate 21. The second distribution plate 22 can be provided with a plurality of circles of second distribution holes 221, the same circle of second distribution holes 221 are arranged on the same cross section of the second distribution plate 22, and each distribution hole 221 is horizontally arranged; the cross section of the second distribution plate 22 is of a circular structure, the tangential direction A-A is the tangential direction at the intersection point of the second distribution holes 221 and the circular structure, and the included angle gamma between the tangential direction A-A and the axial direction of the second distribution holes 221 is an acute angle, so that the gasifying agent introduced into the second distribution holes 221 moves upwards in a spiral curve. Preferably, an included angle gamma between the axial direction of the second distribution hole 221 and a tangential direction A-A of a cross-sectional circle of the second distribution hole is 45-80 ℃.
With continued reference to fig. 4, the hoods 212 are disposed above the first distribution holes 211, so that the gas is output from the first distribution holes 211 and then moves upward along the peripheries of the hoods 212, and the particles can fall along the tapered curved surface of the hoods 212 when falling, thereby reducing the possibility of the particles falling into the first distribution holes 211, that is, reducing the risk of material leakage of the distribution plate. Specifically, the hood 212 may be a conical structure, and the bottom of the hood 212 is provided with an air pipe for supporting the hood 212 above the first distribution holes 211 and preventing particles falling from the hood 212 from flowing into the first distribution holes 211 along the first distribution plate 21; a gap may be provided between the snorkel and the hood 212 to facilitate the flow of gasification agent from the gap.
In this embodiment, the first distribution holes 211 and/or the second distribution holes 221 may be circular holes or hexagonal holes, and the first distribution holes 211 and the second distribution holes 221 may also be different in diameter. The diameters of the apertures of the first distribution holes 211 and/or the second distribution holes 221 may be 0.5-5 mm, the hole pitch of the first distribution plate 21 may be smaller than the hole pitch of the second distribution plate 22, and the aperture ratio of the first distribution holes 211 and/or the second distribution holes 221 may be 0.5% -5%. The ratio of the transverse width of the first distribution plate 21 to the transverse width of the second distribution plate 22 is 0.1-0.5, and the transverse width is the projection width of the distribution plate on the cross section, i.e. the width of the projection ring structure.
In summary, the multi-stage gas distributor and the gasification furnace provided by the embodiment have the advantages that the gas distributor is designed in a stage, the gasification agent can directly enter the bed layer of the region where the first distribution plate is connected with the gasification shell through the first distribution plate, so that particles in the region can better flow, and the fluidization effect of the particles is further improved, thereby avoiding the occurrence of a fluidization dead zone, improving the fluidization effect of the gasification furnace, and solving the problems that in the prior art, coal dust is violently combusted in the region with large local oxygen concentration, local overheating and coal particles are bonded, so that the gasification efficiency of the gasification furnace is reduced, and slag bonding is caused on the distribution plate even to cause that the gasification furnace cannot discharge slag, and finally the whole device is abnormally stopped; and because the included angle between the axial direction of each second distribution hole and the tangential direction of the cross section circle of the second distribution plate is an acute angle, the gasifying agent moves upwards in a spiral curve after passing through the second distribution plate, the horizontal direction movement time is greatly prolonged, the probability that a large amount of gas and central jet flow gas are polymerized to enter a bed layer is reduced, and the risk that slag is generated by ash fusion due to the generation of local high temperature is further reduced, so that the gas entering the second distribution plate flows into the upper gasification furnace more uniformly, and the fluidization quality is better.
It should be noted that in the description of the present invention, the terms of direction or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, which are only for convenience of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, it should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.
Claims (10)
1. A multi-stage gas distributor, comprising: a first distribution plate and a second distribution plate; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the first distribution plate is arranged above the second distribution plate along the periphery of the second distribution plate, and an included angle between the side wall of the first distribution plate and the cross section of the first distribution plate is smaller than an included angle between the side wall of the second distribution plate and the cross section of the second distribution plate;
the first distribution plate is provided with a plurality of first distribution holes, the second distribution plate is provided with a plurality of second distribution holes, and an included angle between the axial direction of each second distribution hole and the tangential direction of the cross section circle of the second distribution plate is an acute angle.
2. The multi-stage gas distributor of claim 1,
and an included angle between the axial direction of each second distribution hole and the tangential direction of a cross section circle of the second distribution hole is 45-80 degrees.
3. The multi-stage gas distributor according to claim 1 or 2,
and a blast cap is arranged above each first distribution hole to prevent the particles from falling from the first distribution holes.
4. The multi-stage gas distributor according to claim 1 or 2,
an included angle between the side wall of the first distribution plate and the cross section of the first distribution plate is 0-20 degrees;
and an included angle between the side wall of the second distribution plate and the cross section of the second distribution plate is 30-50 degrees.
5. The multi-stage gas distributor according to claim 1 or 2,
each first distribution hole is vertically arranged or arranged along the thickness direction of the first distribution plate.
6. The multi-stage gas distributor according to claim 1 or 2,
the hole spacing of the first distribution plate is smaller than the hole spacing of the second distribution plate, and the aperture ratio of the first distribution plate and/or the second distribution plate is 0.5% -5%.
7. The multi-stage gas distributor according to claim 1 or 2,
the ratio of the transverse width of the first distribution plate to the transverse width of the second distribution plate is 0.1-0.5.
8. The multi-stage gas distributor according to claim 1 or 2,
each first distribution hole and/or each second distribution hole is a circular hole or a hexagonal hole.
9. The multi-stage gas distributor according to claim 1 or 2,
an arc-shaped transition structure is arranged between the first distribution plate and the second distribution plate.
10. A gasification furnace characterized by being provided with the multi-stage gas distributor according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202120316142.4U CN214571746U (en) | 2021-02-04 | 2021-02-04 | Multi-section gas distributor and gasification furnace |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202120316142.4U CN214571746U (en) | 2021-02-04 | 2021-02-04 | Multi-section gas distributor and gasification furnace |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN214571746U true CN214571746U (en) | 2021-11-02 |
Family
ID=78315605
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202120316142.4U Active CN214571746U (en) | 2021-02-04 | 2021-02-04 | Multi-section gas distributor and gasification furnace |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN214571746U (en) |
-
2021
- 2021-02-04 CN CN202120316142.4U patent/CN214571746U/en active Active
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN102563629B (en) | Spiral-flow type built-in cylindrical blast cap | |
| CN104277881A (en) | Dry-process deslagging fluidized bed gasification reaction device | |
| CN106833749B (en) | Gas distributor for fluidized bed coal gasification furnace | |
| CN111440639B (en) | Powder slurry coupling type gasification burner | |
| CN112745966B (en) | Circulating fluidized bed gasification device and circulating fluidized bed gasification method | |
| CN204162666U (en) | A kind of dry cinder discharging fluidized-bed gasification reaction unit | |
| CN102051235B (en) | Multistage rotary chilling and strengthening device and application thereof | |
| CN214571746U (en) | Multi-section gas distributor and gasification furnace | |
| WO2020006994A1 (en) | Gasifier employing radiant heat exchange technique and gasification method | |
| CN104593088B (en) | A kind of coal gasification reaction device and method | |
| CN101476721B (en) | Combined fluidized bed slag cooling apparatus | |
| CN208776673U (en) | A kind of high-temperature burner | |
| CN201396761Y (en) | Gas and air nozzle double-row staggered arranged external premixed burner in pre-combustion chamber | |
| CN216346243U (en) | Pulverized coal burner nozzle | |
| CN210314136U (en) | Gasifier burner structure with spiral flow channel | |
| CN203820730U (en) | Gasification reactor with combined nozzle entering from top for pulverized coal at elevated pressure | |
| CN202973073U (en) | Air-cooled slag discharging pipe for small and medium-sized circulating fluidized bed boiler | |
| CN206783610U (en) | Fluidized-bed coal gasification furnace gas distributor | |
| CN205299488U (en) | Environmental protection and energy saving type circulating fluidized bed boiler | |
| CN212222883U (en) | Gas distributor of fluidized bed gasification furnace | |
| CN213924675U (en) | Gasification furnace with double-helix burners | |
| CN105444161B (en) | Environment-friendly and energy-efficient CFBB | |
| CN105435720B (en) | Gas-liquid distributor | |
| CN102827644A (en) | Gas distributor for ash agglomerating fluidized-bed gasification furnace | |
| CN210765191U (en) | Fluidized bed bottom slag fluidization anti-blocking device |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |