CN214559334U - Gear shifting mechanism with compact structure for accessory head of numerical control machine tool - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a digit control machine tool accessory head is with compact structure's gearshift, including the shift fork, the spring holder, rectangle spring and piston rod, one side at the box of digit control machine tool accessory head is fixed to the spring holder, and the rectangle spring mounting has seted up oil pocket and inlet port in the spring holder, and the rear end of piston rod is installed in the oil pocket, and the outside at the middle part of piston rod is established to spring holder and rectangle spring housing, and the front end of piston rod is worn out from the front end of spring seat, and the piston rod is used for driving the shift fork and removes forward and compress the rectangle spring, connects the inside drive mechanism of digit control machine tool accessory head by the shift fork. The utility model discloses gearshift compact structure, succinct, occupation space is little, is favorable to improving the space utilization of digit control machine tool accessory head, and this gearshift's the action of shifting relies on the oil pressure to realize, and the action of resetting is realized through the spring force of rectangle spring, and control is simple, reliable.

Description

Gear shifting mechanism with compact structure for accessory head of numerical control machine tool

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a gearshift specifically is a digit control machine tool accessory is compact structure's gearshift for head.

Background

The gear shifting mechanism is a common structure in the gearbox, can be used for changing the transmitted rotating speed and torque and also can be used for changing the movement direction, and the common gear shifting mechanism is bulky in structure and complex to control. The gear shifting mechanism in the accessory head of the numerical control machine tool also has the problems of large structure and complex control. For the functional components such as the accessory head of the numerical control machine tool, on the premise of ensuring the corresponding functions, how to more effectively utilize the space and make the whole structure of the functional components more compact and small is a problem to be solved at present.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims to solve the technical problem that, to prior art not enough, provide a control simple, reliable digit control machine tool accessory is compact structure's gearshift for head.

The utility model provides a technical scheme that above-mentioned technical problem adopted does: the utility model provides a digit control machine tool accessory head is with compact structure's gearshift, includes shift fork, spring holder, rectangle spring and piston rod, the spring holder fix the one side of the box of digit control machine tool accessory head, the rectangle spring mounting be in the spring holder, the box in seted up oil pocket and inlet port, the rear end of piston rod install the oil pocket in, the spring holder with the rectangle spring housing establish the outside at the middle part of piston rod, the front end of piston rod certainly the front end of spring holder wear out, the piston rod be used for driving the shift fork remove forward and compress the rectangle spring, by the shift fork connect the internal transmission mechanism of digit control machine tool accessory head.

The utility model discloses after the gearshift is installed, during the use, the oil pocket passes through inlet port oil feed, and oil pressure promotes the piston rod and moves forward, and the piston rod drives the shift fork and moves forward and compress rectangular spring, realizes the transform of the transmission direction of the inside drive mechanism of digit control machine tool accessory head through the shift fork, and then realizes shifting; after gear shifting is finished, the oil pressure in the oil cavity returns to zero, and the rectangular spring pushes the piston rod to reset.

The utility model discloses gearshift compact structure, succinct, occupation space is little, is favorable to improving the space utilization of digit control machine tool accessory head, and this gearshift's the action of shifting relies on the oil pressure to realize, and the action of resetting is realized through the spring force of rectangle spring, and control is simple, reliable.

Preferably, the rear end of piston rod and be equipped with first step face between its middle part, the middle part of piston rod and be equipped with the second step face between its front end, the piston rod on the cover be equipped with annular clamp plate, the radial inboard of the rear end face of clamp plate support and lean on first step face on, the radial outside of the rear end face of clamp plate just right the box, the front end face of clamp plate just right the rear end of rectangular spring, the rear end face of shift fork support and lean on second step face on, the front end of shift fork compress tightly by a plurality of nuts to be fixed the front end of piston rod, a plurality of nuts respectively with the front end threaded connection of piston rod. In the gear shifting process, the piston rod compresses the rectangular spring through the pressing plate, and the compression effect on the spring can be guaranteed. The first step surface and the second step surface respectively play a limiting role in the pressure plate and the shifting fork, so that the reliability of gear shifting and resetting actions can be further improved.

Further, the outside of spring holder be fixed with the switch mounting panel, the front end of switch mounting panel install around two proximity switches side by side, two proximity switches the response end with shift fork position relative, two proximity switches be used for detecting the shift fork around the position. Due to the design of the two proximity switches, the gear shifting state of the accessory head of the numerical control machine tool can be conveniently identified by a system, and the mechanism state can be accurately identified.

Further, the spring holder in be equipped with the annular, the rectangle spring mounting in the annular, the radial inboard of spring holder be equipped with the piston limiting plate, the piston rod not pass through the clamp plate to the rectangle spring when exerting pressure, the rear end face of piston limiting plate with the preceding terminal surface of clamp plate between have the clearance, the piston limiting plate be used for the restriction the piston rod with the displacement that the clamp plate removed forward. The piston limiting plate is matched with the pressing plate, so that the stroke and the gear shifting distance of the shifting fork can be accurately controlled. In addition, the accuracy of the gear shifting control can be further improved through the two proximity switches.

Further, the internal transmission mechanism of the numerical control machine tool accessory head comprises a first bevel gear, a second bevel gear, a power shaft, an intermediate shaft, an indexing internal gear and an indexing external gear, wherein the input end of the first bevel gear is connected with the output end of the external transmission mechanism of the numerical control machine tool accessory head, the first bevel gear is meshed with the second bevel gear, the center line of the first bevel gear is perpendicular to the center line of the second bevel gear, the intermediate shaft is arranged on the inner side of the second bevel gear and connected with the second bevel gear through a spline, the indexing internal gear is coaxially connected with the front end of the intermediate shaft through a rectangular spline, the indexing external gear is coaxially fixed at the rear end of the power shaft through a plurality of screws, and the indexing external gear and the indexing internal gear are on the same straight line, the outer indexing gear is arranged right ahead of the inner indexing gear, a deep groove ball bearing is installed on the outer side of the inner indexing gear, the inner ring of the deep groove ball bearing is pressed and fixed on the outer side of the inner indexing gear through a clamp spring, the outer ring of the deep groove ball bearing is fixed on the shifting fork, and the center line of the piston rod is parallel to the center line of the intermediate shaft. During the working process of the internal transmission mechanism of the numerical control machine tool accessory head, power is transmitted to the second bevel gear through the first bevel gear and then transmitted to the intermediate shaft. When gear shifting is needed, the first step surface of the piston rod pushes the pressing plate to move forwards to compress the rectangular spring until the pressing plate is contacted with the piston limiting plate, and when the piston pushes the pressing plate to move, the shifting fork drives the deep groove ball bearing and the transposition inner gear to move forwards for a small distance along the central line of the intermediate shaft, so that the transposition inner gear is meshed with a gear of the transposition outer gear, and further the transmission of power or the transformation of the transmission direction is realized. After gear shifting is finished, oil pressure in the oil cavity returns to zero, the rectangular spring pushes the pressing plate and the piston rod to reset to move backwards, and meanwhile, the shifting fork, the deep groove ball bearing and the indexing inner gear are driven to move backwards for a small distance until the indexing inner gear and the indexing outer gear are disengaged.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the advantages of as follows: the utility model discloses gearshift compact structure, succinct, occupation space is little, is favorable to improving the space utilization of digit control machine tool accessory head, and this gearshift's the action of shifting relies on the oil pressure to realize, and the action of resetting is realized through the spring force of rectangle spring, and control is simple, reliable.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is an effect diagram of a gear shifting mechanism mounted on an accessory head of a numerical control machine tool in an embodiment;

fig. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion a in fig. 1.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following embodiments.

Embodiment 1's digit control machine tool accessory head is with compact structure's gearshift, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, including shift fork 1, spring holder 2, rectangular spring 3 and piston rod 4, spring holder 2 is fixed in one side of the box 51 of digit control machine tool accessory head 5, rectangular spring 3 installs in spring holder 2, seted up oil pocket 52 and inlet port 53 in the box 51, the rear end of piston rod 4 is installed in oil pocket 52, spring holder 2 and rectangular spring 3 cover are established in the outside at the middle part of piston rod 4, the front end of piston rod 4 is worn out from the front end of spring holder 2, piston rod 4 is used for driving shift fork 1 and moves forward and compress rectangular spring 3, connect the internal drive mechanism of digit control machine tool accessory head 5 by shift fork 1.

In embodiment 1, a first step surface 41 is arranged between the rear end of a piston rod 4 and the middle part thereof, a second step surface 42 is arranged between the middle part of the piston rod 4 and the front end thereof, an annular pressing plate 43 is sleeved on the piston rod 4, the radial inner side of the rear end surface of the pressing plate 43 abuts against the first step surface 41, the radial outer side of the rear end surface of the pressing plate 43 directly faces a box body 51, the front end surface of the pressing plate 43 directly faces the rear end of a rectangular spring 3, the rear end surface of a shifting fork 1 abuts against the second step surface 42, the front end of the shifting fork 1 is tightly pressed and fixed at the front end of the piston rod 4 by two nuts 11, and the two nuts 11 are respectively in threaded connection with the front end of the piston rod 4; be equipped with annular 21 in the spring holder 2, rectangular spring 3 installs in annular 21, and the radial inboard of spring holder 2 is equipped with piston limiting plate 22, and when piston rod 4 did not exert pressure to rectangular spring 3 through clamp plate 43, clearance 23 had between the preceding terminal surface of the rear end face of piston limiting plate 22 and clamp plate 43, and piston limiting plate 22 is used for limiting the displacement that piston rod 4 and clamp plate 43 moved forward.

In embodiment 1, the internal transmission mechanism of the numerical control machine tool attachment 5 includes a first bevel gear 61, a second bevel gear 62, a power shaft 63, an intermediate shaft 64, an indexing internal gear 65, and an indexing external gear 66, an input end of the first bevel gear 61 is connected to an output end of the external transmission mechanism of the numerical control machine tool attachment 5, the first bevel gear 61 is engaged with the second bevel gear 62, a center line of the first bevel gear 61 is perpendicular to a center line of the second bevel gear 62, the intermediate shaft 64 is disposed inside the second bevel gear 62 and connected to the second bevel gear 62 by a spline, the indexing internal gear 65 is coaxially connected to a front end of the intermediate shaft 64 by a rectangular spline, the indexing external gear 66 is coaxially fixed to a rear end of the power shaft 63 by a plurality of screws 67, the indexing external gear 66 is on the same straight line with the center line of the indexing internal gear 65, the indexing external gear 66 is disposed right in front of the indexing internal gear 65, the outer side of the indexing internal gear 65 is provided with a deep groove ball bearing 68, the inner ring of the deep groove ball bearing 68 is tightly pressed and fixed on the outer side of the indexing internal gear 65 through a snap spring 69, the outer ring of the deep groove ball bearing 68 is fixed on the shifting fork 1, and the center line of the piston rod 4 is parallel to the center line of the intermediate shaft 64.

The compact gearshift mechanism for a numerically controlled machine tool attachment head of embodiment 2 is different from that of embodiment 1 in that in embodiment 2, a switch mounting plate 24 is fixed on the outer side of a spring seat 2, two proximity switches 25 which are arranged side by side in the front and back are mounted at the front end of the switch mounting plate 24, sensing ends of the two proximity switches 25 are opposite to the position of a shift fork 1, and the two proximity switches 25 are used for detecting the front and back positions of the shift fork 1.

During the operation of the internal transmission mechanism of the attachment head 5 for a numerical control machine tool, power is transmitted to the second bevel gear 62 through the first bevel gear 61 and then to the intermediate shaft 64. When gear shifting is needed, the first step surface 41 of the piston rod 4 pushes the pressing plate 43 to move forward, the rectangular spring 3 is compressed until the pressing plate 43 is in contact with the piston limiting plate 22, and when the piston pushes the pressing plate 43 to move, the shifting fork drives the deep groove ball bearing 68 and the indexing inner gear 65 to move forward for a short distance along the central line of the intermediate shaft 64, so that gear engaging engagement between the indexing inner gear 65 and the indexing outer gear 66 is realized, and further power transmission or transmission direction conversion is realized. After gear shifting is finished, the oil pressure in the oil cavity 52 is reset to zero, the rectangular spring 3 pushes the pressing plate 43 and the piston rod 4 to move backwards again, and meanwhile, the shifting fork 1, the deep groove ball bearing 68 and the indexing inner gear 65 are driven to move backwards for a short distance until the indexing inner gear 65 and the indexing outer gear 66 are disengaged.

Claims (5)

1. The utility model provides a digit control machine tool accessory head is with compact structure's gearshift, a serial communication port, including shift fork, spring holder, rectangle spring and piston rod, the spring holder fix the one side of the box of digit control machine tool accessory head, the rectangle spring mounting in the spring holder, the box in seted up oil pocket and inlet port, the rear end of piston rod install the oil pocket in, the spring holder with the rectangle spring housing establish the outside at the middle part of piston rod, the front end of piston rod certainly the front end of spring holder wear out, the piston rod be used for driving the shift fork remove forward and compress the rectangle spring, by the shift fork connect the internal drive mechanism of digit control machine tool accessory head.

2. The gear shifting mechanism with a compact structure for the accessory head of the numerical control machine tool according to claim 1, is characterized in that a first step surface is arranged between the rear end of the piston rod and the middle of the piston rod, a second step surface is arranged between the middle of the piston rod and the front end of the piston rod, an annular pressing plate is sleeved on the piston rod, the radial inner side of the rear end surface of the pressing plate is abutted against the first step surface, the radial outer side of the rear end surface of the pressing plate is just opposite to the box body, the front end surface of the pressing plate is just opposite to the rear end of the rectangular spring, the rear end surface of the shifting fork is abutted against the second step surface, the front end of the shifting fork is pressed and fixed at the front end of the piston rod by a plurality of nuts, and the plurality of nuts are respectively in threaded connection with the front end of the piston rod.

3. The gear shifting mechanism with a compact structure for the accessory head of the numerical control machine tool as claimed in claim 2, wherein a switch mounting plate is fixed on the outer side of the spring seat, two proximity switches which are arranged side by side in the front and back are mounted at the front end of the switch mounting plate, sensing ends of the two proximity switches are opposite to the position of the shifting fork, and the two proximity switches are used for detecting the front and back positions of the shifting fork.

4. The gear shifting mechanism of claim 2 or 3, wherein the spring seat is internally provided with a ring groove, the rectangular spring is mounted in the ring groove, a piston limiting plate is arranged on the radial inner side of the spring seat, when the piston rod is not pressed to the rectangular spring by the pressing plate, a gap is formed between the rear end surface of the piston limiting plate and the front end surface of the pressing plate, and the piston limiting plate is used for limiting the displacement of the piston rod and the pressing plate moving forwards.

5. The compact gearshift mechanism for the NC machine tool accessory head as claimed in claim 4, wherein the internal transmission mechanism of the NC machine tool accessory head comprises a first bevel gear, a second bevel gear, a power shaft, an intermediate shaft, an indexing internal gear and an indexing external gear, the input end of the first bevel gear is connected with the output end of the external transmission mechanism of the NC machine tool accessory head, the first bevel gear is meshed with the second bevel gear, the center line of the first bevel gear is perpendicular to the center line of the second bevel gear, the intermediate shaft is arranged inside the second bevel gear and connected with the second bevel gear through a spline, the indexing internal gear is coaxially connected with the front end of the intermediate shaft through a rectangular spline, and the indexing external gear is coaxially fixed with the rear end of the power shaft through a plurality of screws, the center lines of the outer indexing gear and the inner indexing gear are on the same straight line, the outer indexing gear is arranged right ahead of the inner indexing gear, a deep groove ball bearing is installed on the outer side of the inner indexing gear, the inner ring of the deep groove ball bearing is pressed and fixed on the outer side of the inner indexing gear through a clamping spring, the outer ring of the deep groove ball bearing is fixed on the shifting fork, and the center line of the piston rod is parallel to the center line of the intermediate shaft.

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