CN214544112U - Buck type single-switch integrated power factor correction converter - Google Patents
Buck type single-switch integrated power factor correction converter Download PDFInfo
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- CN214544112U CN214544112U CN202022935373.1U CN202022935373U CN214544112U CN 214544112 U CN214544112 U CN 214544112U CN 202022935373 U CN202022935373 U CN 202022935373U CN 214544112 U CN214544112 U CN 214544112U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
- Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes
Abstract
The utility model discloses an integrated power factor correction converter of Buck type single switch. The converter is formed by integrating a Buck PFC converter and a Buck-Boost PFC converter through a switching tube, and control is simplified. And the dead zone of the input current of the Buck PFC converter is eliminated by adopting constant conduction time control. The Buck and Buck-Boost converter combines the advantages of the Buck and Buck-Boost converter, and the Buck-Boost converter can achieve high power factor and high efficiency under the full range of input voltage.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a PFC converter field, especially a Buck type high power factor single switch PFC converter.
Background
With the rapid development of electronic technology, the application field of electronic systems is wider and wider, and the variety of electronic devices is also more and more. Miniaturization and cost reduction of electronic devices have led to the development of light, thin, small, and efficient power supplies.
The switch converter has the advantages of high electric energy conversion efficiency, small volume, light weight, high control accuracy, good dynamic performance and the like, and is widely applied to national economy. With the development of technology, switching converters are increasingly used in the fields of electronic consumer products, LED lighting, telecommunication equipment, data communication systems, automotive power supply systems, power distribution systems, aerospace and battery-powered portable electronic devices, and these applications place increasingly higher demands on the performance, efficiency, reliability, volume, weight, etc. of the switching converters.
Power electronic devices have been widely used in power systems, industries, and transportation. In order to reduce harmonic pollution of power electronic devices to the power grid, some national and international academic bodies have promulgated and implemented some current harmonic standards, such as IEC555-2, IEEE519, IEC61000-3-2, and the like. In order to meet these harmonic standards, Power Factor Correction (PFC) technology must be used to make the input current harmonic of the switching converter meet the requirement of the limiting standard, so that various PFC converters have been studied.
Compared with a two-stage PFC converter, the single-stage PFC converter has the characteristics of high efficiency and small size. Therefore, a single-stage PFC converter becomes a research hotspot. Generally, conventional switching converter topologies, such as Boost, Buck and Buck-Boost converters, can implement single-stage power factor correction, and each topology has its own characteristics.
The Boost PFC converter has the characteristics of small input current ripple and high efficiency, and is widely applied to the field of PFC. In the range of full input voltage (90-265 Vac), the Boost PFC converter can obtain a higher PF value, and particularly when the inductive current works in a critical continuous mode, the power factor of the Boost PFC converter is 1. However, the Boost PFC converter can only perform Boost conversion, that is, the output voltage thereof must be higher than the peak value of the input voltage, which limits the application field of the Boost PFC converter. In the application of full input voltage (90-265 Vac), the DC voltage output by the converter is generally set to 400V, and the direct current cannot directly supply power to load equipment. Therefore, the Boost PFC converter is generally used for the first stage PFC conversion in a two-stage conversion system, and the subsequent stage still needs to be cascaded with a buck DC-DC converter.
In the application of full-range input voltage (90-265 Vac), the combination of Boost and Buck conversion is a very advantageous characteristic, so that the Buck-Boost PFC converter is a better choice. However, the input current of the converter is discontinuous in one switching period, and thus has a large input current ripple. In addition, the converter only transmits energy to a load when the switching tube is turned off, so that compared with Buck and Boost PFC converters, the Buck-Boost PFC converter is low in efficiency and high in voltage and current stress of the switching tube.
The Buck PFC converter has the characteristics of step-down conversion, low stress of a switching tube and high efficiency, and is very suitable for application occasions where the isolation is not available and the output voltage is lower than the peak value of the input voltage. However, the converter delivers energy from the power supply to the load only when the input voltage is higher than the output voltage, i.e. when the input voltage is lower than the output voltage the input current is zero and there is a dead time for the input current. Therefore, in the application of full-range input voltage (90-265 Vac), the power factor of the Buck PFC converter is low, and the Buck PFC converter is difficult to pass the limitation of various harmonic standards, especially when the output voltage is high. Therefore, the THD of the Buck PFC converter is effectively improved, and the elimination of the dead zone of the input current is of great research significance.
Fig. 1 shows a main power circuit of a Buck-type single-switch integrated pfc converter and a control circuit thereof. The main power circuit comprises a diode rectifier bridge and an input filter inductorL fInput filter capacitorC f1、C f2Power, powerSwitch tube S1Freewheel diodeD 1、D 2InductorL 1、L 2Capacitor and method for manufacturing the sameC 1And an output capacitorC o1、C o2And (4) forming. The PFC converter adopts constant on-time control, and Buck-Boost inductive currenti L1Operating in critical conduction mode (CRM) by selectingL 1AndL 2inductance of, Buck inductive currenti L2Operating in a Discontinuous Conduction Mode (DCM) with frequency variation. Compared with the traditional fixed-frequency intermittent conduction mode, the peak value of the inductive current of the variable-frequency intermittent conduction mode is lower, and the efficiency of the converter is improved.
Fig. 2 shows input current, inductor current and their control timing of the integrated Buck-type single-switch PFC converter in a half power frequency cycle.
Fig. 3 is a diagram showing input voltage and current waveforms of the Buck-type single-switch integrated PFC converter with input voltages of 120Vrms and 220 Vrms. Experimental parameter inductanceL 1=650µH、L 2=200 muH, an output branch load of 115 omega, output filter capacitors of 680 muF × 2, and an intermediate energy storage capacitorC 1=10 μ F, diodeD 1、D 2Adopts ES5J, switch tubeS 115NM65 is used, the input voltage is 100-240 Vac, and the output voltage is 80V. As can be seen from fig. 3, the input current of the converter has no dead zone, and can well track the change of the input voltage, thereby implementing the power factor correction function.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims to solve the technical problem that a high power factor Buck type single switch integrated converter is provided, through the integrated structure, eliminate the blind spot of traditional Buck PFC converter input current under input voltage is less than output voltage's the condition. The power factor of the converter is improved.
In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model discloses a technical scheme is:
a Buck-type single-switch integrated power factor correction converterCharacterized in that the structure is as follows: filter capacitorC f2The output end of the rectifier bridge is connected in parallel; input filter inductorL fAnd an input filter capacitorC f2Connected in parallel to the rectifier bridge after being connected in seriesD bAn output terminal of (a); Buck-Boost inductorL 1One end of is connected with the filter inductorL fAnd a filter capacitorC f2Between the other end is connected with an active switchS 1A drain electrode of (1); active switchS 1Is connected to the diode rectifier bridgeD bridgeThe drain electrode of the lower output end is connected withL 1One terminal of and a capacitorC 1The gate is connected to the control loop; output capacitorC o2Is connected to the positive stageL 1And connected in series to one end ofL fAndC f2the negative electrode of which is output is connected with a Buck inductorL 2；L 2AndD 2after the serial connection is carried out, the connection is carried out,L 2one end of (A) is connected toC o2The anode of (a) is provided,D 2cathode of (2) is connected with a capacitorC 1One end of (a); output capacitorC o1The positive stage of the output is connected with the positive stage of the load and the freewheeling diodeD 1A cathode of (a); the load is connected toC o1Positive order sum ofC o2Two ends of the negative stage;D 1is connected to the cathodeC o1Positive electrode of the anode is connected withD 2The cathode of (1).
Preferably, the Buck-type single-switch integrated power factor correction converter is characterized in that the control loop adopts a wide bandwidth voltage loop to control the energy storage inductorL 1The inductor current is in critical conduction mode, and the inductorL 2Operates in discontinuous mode; the input signal of the setting end of the RS trigger in the control loop comes from the inductorL 1Zero crossing detection winding ZCD.
A high power factor Buck type single switch integrated converter;
the converter is formed by integrating a Buck PFC converter and a Buck-Boost PFC converter through a switching tube, and control is simplified. The converter adopts constant on-time control, and eliminates the dead zone of the input current of the Buck PFC converter. The Buck and Buck-Boost converter combines the advantages of the Buck and Buck-Boost converter, and the Buck-Boost converter can achieve high power factor and high efficiency under the full range of input voltage.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are that: by integrating the Buck PFC converter and the Buck-Boost PFC converter, only one switching tube is utilized, the input current dead zone of the Buck PFC converter is eliminated, and the switching converter is more economical and practical.
Drawings
Fig. 1 shows a Buck-Boost PFC converter power loop and a control loop thereof.
Fig. 2 shows input current, inductive current and control timing of the integrated Buck-type single-switch PFC converter within a half power frequency period.
Fig. 3 is a diagram of input voltage and current waveforms of the Buck-Boost PFC converter at input voltages of 120Vrms and 220 Vrms.
Fig. 4 is a block diagram of a single switch integrated PFC converter topology.
Fig. 5 illustrates two single switch integrated PFC converter topologies.
Fig. 6 shows the main waveforms of a Buck-Boost integrated PFC converter.
FIG. 7 shows the present inventionθ<ωt < π-θAn equivalent circuit in the case.
FIG. 8 shows that the present invention is at 0<ωt <θAnd pi-θ<ωt <The equivalent circuit in the case of pi.
FIG. 9 is a schematic view showing the differenceµInput current waveform in the case of values.
FIG. 10 is a drawing showing the differencev inThe input current waveform of the case.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
In order to improve the input current harmonics of the conventional Buck PFC converter and eliminate the dead zone of the input current, the Buck PFC converter and other converters can be integrated into a single-switch PFC converter. By using the method, the conduction time of the switching tubes of the Buck PFC converter and other converters is the same. Therefore, the dead zone of the input current of the Buck PFC converter can be effectively eliminated because other converters can continue to work when the input voltage is smaller than the output voltage. As shown in fig. 4, the single-switch integrated PFC converter has two possible structures, i.e., fig. 4(a) is an input-parallel output-parallel connection type, and fig. 4(b) is an input-parallel output-series connection type. Buck-Boost and Flyback PFC converters are more suitable for integration with a Buck PFC converter due to their low input current harmonics and Buck conversion characteristics, thereby improving input current harmonics. Therefore, an integrated Buck-Flyback/Buck-Boost PFC converter is proposed, as shown in fig. 5.
However, since the output capacitor voltages of the two series connections of the PFC converter shown in fig. 5(b) cannot be controlled, the two capacitor voltages vary with the input voltage and the two inductances. Therefore, the voltage of the transformer cannot be subjected to parameter design, and the transformer has no practical value. Research shows that one intermediate capacitor can be utilized to realize automatic voltage sharing of two output capacitors connected in series. Thus, by adding an intermediate capacitor and deleting the diodeD 2A new single switch integrated PFC converter is proposed, as shown in fig. 1.
To simplify the analysis, the following assumptions were made:
1) all the switch tubes, diodes, inductors and capacitors are ideal elements.
2) Capacitor with a capacitor elementC 1、C o1AndC o2sufficiently large that the switching ripple of the steady state output voltage is negligible, i.e.v C1、v o1Andv o2is a constant value.
3) Switching frequencyf sFar greater than the voltage frequency of the power gridf LI.e. byf s>>f L。
4) The input voltage being a full-wave rectified sine wave, i.e. non-conductingv in(t)|=V p|sinωtL whereinV pIs the amplitude of the voltage，ω=2πf LIs the angular frequency of the input voltage.
As shown in FIG. 2, the Buck PFC converter is only operated when the input voltage is higher thanv o2 –v C1The working is performed. Thus, when the proposed PFC converter operates in steady state, there are two different operating states: 1)θ<ωt < π-θ; 2) 0 <ωt <θand π- θ<ωt <and pi. Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
(1)
(2)
1) θ<ωt < π-θ
in this operating state, the proposed PFC converter has three operating modes within one switching cycle. Fig. 6 shows the main waveforms in steady state operation, and fig. 7 shows the equivalent circuit of each mode.
Mode 1[ 2 ]t 0 ~ t 1]: as shown in FIG. 7(a), int 0Time, switch tubeS 1Conducting and inputting power to Buck-Boost inductorL 1And Buck inductanceL 2And (6) charging. Therefore, the inductance currenti Lm(t) Andi L1(t) Linear rise:
(3)
when switching tube S 1And turning off, and finishing the working mode. At the end of mode 1, the inductor currenti L1(t) Andi L2(t) Reaches the maximum valueI.e. by
(4)
Whereint onIs a switch tubeS 1The on-time of (c). The working time of the mode 1 ist on。
Modal 2[ 2 ]t 1 ~ t 2]: as shown in FIG. 7(b), int 1Time, switch tubeS 1And (6) turning off. At this time, the inductance currenti L1(t) Andi L2(t) Respectively through a diodeD 1AndD 2and then follow current. Therefore, the inductance currenti L1(t) Andi L2(t) Linear decrease
(5)
When in usei L2(t) Down to 0, diodeD 2And (6) turning off. In thatt 2The time of the modal ending, the working time of the modal 2 is
(6)
Mode 2[ 2 ]t 2 ~ t 3]: as shown in FIG. 7(c), int 2Time, switch tubeS 1And diodeD 2Are all turned off, and the diodeD 1Keep on, inductor currenti L1(t) Continue to descend att 3At the moment of time, the time of day,i L1down to 0, diodeD 1Off, mode 3 ends and one switching cycle is completed. Mode 3 has an operating time of
From equations (6) and (7), the proposed PFC converter has a switching period of
(8)
2) 0<ωt <θAnd pi-θ<ωt < π
In this operating state, the proposed PFC converter has two operating modes within one switching cycle, which are the same as the conventional CRM Buck-Boost PFC converter. Fig. 8 is an equivalent circuit of each mode. In mode 1, diode D2 is cut off in reverse direction, and the inductor currenti L2Is 0, the rest of the working states areθ<ωt<π-θThe same applies. In mode 2, the operating state isθ<ωt<π- θ Mode 3 is the same.
Input current analysis:
according to the above working principle analysis, the average input current in one switching period can be expressed as:
(9)
wherein
(10)
According to equation (9), the input power in a half power frequency period is
(11)
Wherein
(12)
According to equation (11), the on-time of the switching tube in a switching cycle is
(13)
By substituting equation (13) into (9), the average input current in a half power frequency period is
(14)
Whereinµ = L 1 / L 2。
According to formula (14) inv o = 80 V、P o= 56W andv inin the case of = 220 Vac, the proposed PFC converter is differentµThe time-normalized input current is shown in fig. 9. As can be seen from fig. 9, the distortion of the input current waveform followsµIs increased. In thatv o = 80 V、P o= 56W andµin the case of = 3.25, the proposed PFC converter is differentv inThe time-normalized input current is shown in fig. 10. As can be seen from fig. 10, the distortion of the input current waveform followsv inIs increased and decreased.
Therefore, the single-switch integrated Buck-Buck-Boost PFC converter provided by the invention can solve the problems of high input current harmonic and output current dead zone of the traditional Buck PFC converter. The converter is formed by integrating a Buck PFC converter and a Buck-Boost PFC converter through a switching tube, and control is simplified. And the dead zone of the input current of the Buck PFC converter is eliminated by adopting constant conduction time control. The Buck and Buck-Boost converter combines the advantages of the Buck and Buck-Boost converter, and the Buck-Boost converter can achieve high power factor and high efficiency under the full range of input voltage.
Claims (2)
1. A Buck type single switch integrated power factor correction converter is characterized in that the structure is as follows: filter capacitorC f2The output end of the rectifier bridge is connected in parallel; input filter inductorL fAnd an input filter capacitorC f2Connected in parallel to the rectifier bridge after being connected in seriesD bAn output terminal of (a); Buck-Boost inductorL 1One end of is connected with the filter inductorL fAnd a filter capacitorC f2Between the other end is connected with an active switchS 1A drain electrode of (1); active switchS 1Is connected to the diode rectifier bridgeD bridgeThe drain electrode of the lower output end is connected withL 1One terminal of and a capacitorC 1The gate is connected to the control loop; output capacitorC o2Is connected to the positive stageL 1And connected in series to one end ofL fAndC f2the negative electrode of which is output is connected with a Buck inductorL 2；L 2AndD 2after the serial connection is carried out, the connection is carried out,L 2one end of (A) is connected toC o2The anode of (a) is provided,D 2cathode of (2) is connected with a capacitorC 1One end of (a); output capacitorC o1The positive stage of the output is connected with the positive stage of the load and the freewheeling diodeD 1A cathode of (a); the load is connected toC o1Positive order sum ofC o2Two ends of the negative stage;D 1is connected to the cathodeC o1Positive electrode of the anode is connected withD 2The cathode of (1).
2. The Buck-type single-switch integrated power factor correction converter as claimed in claim 1, wherein the control loop employs a wide bandwidth voltageLoop control energy storage inductorL 1The inductor current is in critical conduction mode, and the inductorL 2Operates in discontinuous mode; the input signal of the setting end of the RS trigger in the control loop comes from the inductorL 1Zero crossing detection winding ZCD.
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| CN202022935373.1U CN214544112U (en) | 2020-12-09 | 2020-12-09 | Buck type single-switch integrated power factor correction converter |
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| CN202022935373.1U CN214544112U (en) | 2020-12-09 | 2020-12-09 | Buck type single-switch integrated power factor correction converter |
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Effective date of registration: 20230908 Address after: No. 2-24 Jianye Road, Nanhu New District, Zhongxiang City, Jingmen City, Hubei Province, 431900 Patentee after: HUBEI YINGLI ELECTRIC CO.,LTD. Patentee after: Chengdu yinggeli Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: No.1219, 12 / F, building 2, no.218, Tianfu Third Street, Chengdu hi tech Zone, 610000 China (Sichuan) pilot Free Trade Zone, Chengdu, Sichuan Province Patentee before: Chengdu yinggeli Technology Co.,Ltd. Patentee before: Beijing international science and Technology Co.,Ltd. |