CN214542300U - High-efficiency fuel cell engine - Google Patents
High-efficiency fuel cell engine Download PDFInfo
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- CN214542300U CN214542300U CN202120826373.XU CN202120826373U CN214542300U CN 214542300 U CN214542300 U CN 214542300U CN 202120826373 U CN202120826373 U CN 202120826373U CN 214542300 U CN214542300 U CN 214542300U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a high-efficiency fuel cell engine, which comprises an electric pile, a cathode humidifier, an air filter, an air compressor, a DCDC converter, an electric pile heat dissipation system, a hydrogen supply system and a circulation pipeline, wherein two circuits are led out from the electric energy output end of the electric pile, one circuit is connected with the DCDC converter, and the other circuit is connected with a lithium battery and a motor controller; a 24V voltage reduction DCDC converter is connected between the lithium battery and the electric energy output end of the electric pile, and the electric energy output end of the lithium battery is connected with the air compressor controller; a heat exchanger is arranged on a hydrogen inlet pipeline of the galvanic pile, and the heat exchanger is connected with the galvanic pile; an anode circulating device is arranged between the anode of the galvanic pile and the hydrogen supply system; the fuel cell air compression supply system adopts a tail gas energy recovery energy-saving turbine design. The utility model discloses make full use of all kinds of energy that the hydrogen fuel cell system produced, reduced fuel cell system's energy loss, improved fuel cell system's net output and pile generating efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of fuel cell, especially, relate to a high-efficient fuel cell engine.
Background
The hydrogen fuel cell is a power generation device which directly converts chemical energy of hydrogen and oxygen into electric energy, is different from the discharge mode of the traditional dry cell and storage battery, does not belong to a simple energy storage process, is a power generation process, has high power generation efficiency, no noise and no pollution, and is an environment-friendly power generation device. The existing fuel cell engine system wastes more energy in the power generation process and has the problem of less energy recovery and utilization, although the hydrogen fuel cell is environment-friendly, the currently used hydrogen fuel is basically secondary energy, the resource is limited, and various types of energy generated by the hydrogen fuel cell system can be fully utilized; in addition, in the fuel cell engine system, more power consuming components are added to realize certain functions, for example, a high-power resistance heating rod is used for realizing quick low-temperature starting, a high-cost hydrogen circulating pump is used for realizing hydrogen circulation, and the like, so that the load of the fuel cell is large, and the working efficiency of the whole machine is low.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
An object of the utility model is to provide a high-efficient fuel cell engine aims at solving the problem that current fuel cell engine system is energy-wasting many, the fuel cell load is big, work efficiency is low in the electricity generation in-process among the above-mentioned background art.
In order to achieve the above object, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a high-efficient fuel cell engine, includes that current fuel cell engine has galvanic pile, negative pole humidifier, air cleaner, air compressor machine, DCDC converter, galvanic pile cooling system, hydrogen supply system and circulation pipeline, retrieves the energy that produces in the current fuel cell engine system, improves the power consumptive part in the system simultaneously, improves the structure as follows:
two circuits are led out from the electric energy output end of the electric pile, one circuit is connected with the DCDC converter, and the other circuit bypasses the DCDC converter through a double-throw switch and is directly connected with the lithium battery and the motor controller; the loss of the output electric quantity of the fuel cell is reduced, and the cost and the volume of the DCDC converter are reduced.
A 24V step-down DCDC converter is connected between the electric energy output end of the pile and the lithium battery, and the electric energy output end of the lithium battery is connected with the air compressor controller; the charge and discharge links are reduced, and the energy utilization rate is improved.
The air compression supply system of the electric pile adopts the design of a tail gas energy recovery energy-saving turbine, and when the fuel cell works, the motor drives the air compressor system of the air compressor to provide high-pressure air required by the fuel cell; high wet high fever high pressure of fuel cell high pressure exhaust is absorbed by the air compressor machine turbine and is turned into mechanical energy, and supplementary motor drive air compressor machine system, very big reduction fuel cell parasitic power has solved the problem that the tradition adopted multistage axial compressor turbine system inefficiency or multistage radial flow formula turbine system is bulky.
A first heat exchanger is arranged on a hydrogen inlet pipeline of the galvanic pile and is connected with the galvanic pile; the hydrogen is heated by using the auxiliary heat generated by the reactor reaction, so that the heat loss of the system can be reduced, and the power generation efficiency of the reactor can be improved.
An anode circulating device is arranged between the anode of the pile and the hydrogen supply system, the anode circulating device is composed of a hydrogen ejector and a water-vapor separator, hydrogen circulation is realized through the anode circulating device, water-vapor separation is realized, and because a hydrogen circulating pump is not used, power consumption and cost are reduced, and the size is reduced.
Preferably, a hydrogen supply injection rail is arranged on an anode circulating pipeline at the air inlet end of the anode circulating device, and the flow and pressure of the anode are controlled through the hydrogen supply injection rail, so that the control precision and stability of fuel supply are improved.
Preferably, the air outlet end of the air compressor is connected with a second heat exchanger, and the second heat exchanger is respectively connected with the electric pile and the electric pile heat dissipation system. The air entering the galvanic pile is cooled by using the radiator in the galvanic pile radiating system, so that the damage of the galvanic pile is avoided, the heat loss of the system is reduced, and the power generation efficiency of the galvanic pile is improved.
Preferably, the inlet of the cathode humidifier is provided with a one-way valve, the outlet of the cathode humidifier is provided with a back pressure valve, the galvanic pile is ensured to be in a nitrogen protection environment after the system is shut down and is prevented from being polluted by an external pollution source, and evaporation loss of water vapor in the galvanic pile is ensured.
Preferably, a turbine generator is arranged on the gas outlet pipeline of the hydrogen supply system, the electric energy output end of the turbine generator is connected with a storage battery, and the storage battery is connected with the wireless monitoring module of the pile system. The compressed hydrogen energy is utilized to generate electricity and the electricity is stored in a storage battery for other electricity consuming components. The tail gas energy recovery energy-saving turbine of the fuel cell air compression supply system, when the fuel cell works, the air compressor system of the air compressor is driven by the motor to provide high-pressure air required by the fuel cell; high-pressure exhaust, high humidity, high heat and high pressure of the fuel cell are absorbed by the turbine of the air compressor and converted into mechanical energy, the auxiliary motor drives the air compressor system, the parasitic power of the fuel cell is reduced, and the problem that the traditional multistage axial flow turbine system is low in efficiency or large in size is solved.
Preferably, the periphery of the electric pile is filled with a polymer heat-insulating material PIR, and the electric pile of the core module is kept warm after the fuel cell system is shut down by utilizing the heat-insulating property of the electric pile, so that the low-temperature starting condition is avoided, the system temperature rise time is shortened, and a certain shock absorption protection effect is realized.
Preferably, the air-conditioning heat exchanger is arranged on the electric pile heat dissipation system, and when air-conditioning heating is needed, the waste heat of the fuel cell can be utilized to subtract the heating of the air conditioner ptc to achieve the purpose of energy conservation.
Compare in prior art's shortcoming and not enough, the utility model discloses following beneficial effect has:
the utility model discloses all kinds of energy to the production of hydrogen fuel cell system have carried out make full use of, have reduced fuel cell output electric quantity's loss and have filled the link of filling, improve energy utilization and the net output of system, reduce the heat loss of system, promote pile generating efficiency. Through structural optimization, partial power consumption parts are omitted, the cost is reduced, the power consumption is reduced, and the control precision and the stability of fuel supply are improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a high-efficiency fuel cell engine provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure: 1-electric pile; 2-high molecular heat insulating material PIR; a 3-DCDC converter; 4-a lithium battery; 5-a motor controller; a 6-24V buck DCDC converter; 7-an air filter; 8, an air compressor; 9-air compressor controller; 10-a hydrogen supply system; 11-an anode circulation device; 12-a hydrogen supply injection rail; 13-a first heat exchanger; 14-a second heat exchanger; 15-a stack heat dissipation system; 16-a cathode humidifier; 17-a one-way valve; 18-back pressure valve; 19-a turbine generator; 20-a storage battery; 21-a wireless monitoring module; 22-air conditioner heat exchanger.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
The existing fuel cell engine has large energy loss and more power consumption components in the power generation process of the fuel cell, and the working efficiency is low. The utility model discloses main part among the current fuel cell engine system has been remain: the fuel cell system comprises an electric pile 1, a DCDC converter 3, an air filter 7, an air compressor 8, a hydrogen supply system 10, an electric pile heat dissipation system 15, a cathode humidifier 16 and a circulation pipeline, wherein the improvement is carried out on the basis of the electric pile 1, the DCDC converter 3, the air filter 7, the air compressor 8, the hydrogen supply system 10, the electric pile heat dissipation system 15, the cathode humidifier 16 and the circulation pipeline, some energy in the working process of the system is utilized and is used as an energy source of partial power consumption components, the self energy consumption of the fuel cell system is reduced, the working efficiency of the system is improved, and the structure of the improved fuel cell engine is shown in figure 1.
The high polymer heat insulating material PIR 2 is adopted to fill and preserve heat of the galvanic pile 1, has excellent heat insulating property and small heat conductivity coefficient, can be prefabricated and molded, has the use temperature range of-196 ℃ to 150 ℃, and has no volatilization. The core module electric pile 1 can be insulated after the fuel cell system is shut down, so that the low-temperature starting condition is avoided, the system temperature rise time is shortened, and a certain shock absorption protection effect is realized. If the temperature of the galvanic pile 1 is too low after being placed for a long time, the temperature can be increased by gathering a small amount of hydrogen into the cathode for catalytic combustion.
Two circuits are led out from the electric energy output end of the electric pile 1, one circuit is connected with the DCDC converter 3, and the other circuit bypasses the DCDC converter 3 and is directly connected with the lithium battery 4 and the motor controller 5; when the fuel cell system works at low power, the voltage is high, the current is small, and the power battery and the motor are supplied by voltage reduction through the DCDC converter 3; when the fuel cell system works at high power, the voltage meets the working voltage of the lithium battery 4 and the motor controller 5, and the double-throw switch bypasses the DCDC converter 3 to directly supply power to the power battery and the motor. By doing so, the electric quantity loss of the fuel cell output by 4% -8% can be reduced, and the cost and the volume of the DCDC converter are also reduced.
A 24V voltage reduction DCDC converter 6 is connected between the electric energy output end of the electric pile 1 and the lithium battery 4, and the electric energy output end of the lithium battery 4 is connected with an air compressor controller 9; when the lithium battery is started, the electric energy of the lithium battery is output by using the fuel electricity after the lithium battery is started, the lithium battery is charged by using the non-fuel electricity output electric energy, and the lithium battery outputs 24V step-down DCDC, so that the charging and discharging links are reduced, and the energy utilization rate is improved.
Because the compressed hydrogen decompresses and absorbs heat, the temperature of the hydrogen flowing into the galvanic pile 1 is extremely low, which is not beneficial to hydrogen-oxygen catalytic reaction, therefore, a first heat exchanger 13 is arranged on a hydrogen inlet pipeline of the galvanic pile 1, and the first heat exchanger 13 is connected with the galvanic pile 1; the hydrogen is heated by using the auxiliary heat generated by the reaction of the galvanic pile 1, so that the heat loss of the system can be reduced, and the power generation efficiency of the galvanic pile can be improved. Air temperature rises after air compressor 8 compresses, if exceed the membrane tolerance temperature can cause permanent damage to galvanic pile 1, therefore connect second heat exchanger 14 at air compressor 8's the end of giving vent to anger, second heat exchanger 14 is connected with galvanic pile 1 and galvanic pile cooling system 15 respectively. Utilize the radiator among the pile cooling system 15 to cool down the air that gets into pile 1, avoid exceeding the membrane and tolerate the temperature and cause permanent damage to pile 1, can guarantee that the inlet air temperature is up to standard, can reduce the temperature difference in the pile again. The stack heat dissipation system 15 is also provided with an air conditioner heat exchanger 22, so that when air conditioning heating is needed, the energy-saving purpose can be achieved by using the waste heat of the fuel cell and subtracting the heating of an air conditioner ptc.
The hydrogen circulating pump in the existing fuel cell engine is eliminated, the anode circulating device 11 is arranged between the anode of the galvanic pile and the hydrogen supply system 10, the anode circulating device 11 is composed of a hydrogen ejector and a water-vapor separator, hydrogen circulation is realized, water-vapor separation is realized, a small amount of residual hydrogen is washed and gathered into the cathode for catalytic combustion, the accident risk is reduced, the power consumption is reduced, the cost is reduced, and the volume is reduced. The anode circulation pipeline at the air inlet end of the anode circulation device 11 is provided with the hydrogen supply injection rail 12, the anode flow and pressure are controlled through the hydrogen supply injection rail 12, the traditional hydrogen inlet electromagnetic valve and the traditional pressure reducing valve are replaced, the parts are reduced, the size is reduced, the cost is further reduced, and the control precision and the stability of fuel supply are greatly improved.
Because the membrane electrode is used for various harmful gases SO2、CO、NOXAnd volatile organic compounds are sensitive and easy to cause poisoning, so that a one-way valve 17 is arranged at the inlet of the cathode humidifier 16, and a back pressure valve 18 is arranged at the outlet of the cathode humidifier, so that the galvanic pile 1 is protected from being polluted by external pollution sources in a nitrogen protection environment after the system is shut down, and simultaneously, the water vapor in the galvanic pile 1 is prevented from evaporating and losing, so that the power can be quickly increased in the next start.
A turbine generator 19 is arranged on an air outlet pipeline of the hydrogen supply system 10, an electric energy output end of the turbine generator 19 is connected with a storage battery 20, and the storage battery 20 is connected with a wireless monitoring module 21 of the pile system. The turbine generator 19 is driven to generate electricity by the high flow rate generated by the hydrogen from high pressure to low pressure, the hydrogen energy is compressed to generate electricity and the electricity is stored in the storage battery 20 when the fuel cell system works, and the stored electricity can be used as supplementary electric energy for other electricity consuming parts. The fuel cell air compression supply system adopts a tail gas energy recovery energy-saving turbine design, and when the fuel cell works, the motor drives the air compressor system of the air compressor to provide high-pressure air required by the fuel cell; high wet high fever high pressure of fuel cell high pressure exhaust is absorbed by the air compressor machine turbine and is turned into mechanical energy, and supplementary motor drive air compressor machine system, very big reduction fuel cell parasitic power has solved the problem that the tradition adopted multistage axial compressor turbine system inefficiency or multistage radial flow formula turbine system is bulky.
The above description is only exemplary of the present invention and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the present invention, as any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A high-efficiency fuel cell engine comprises an electric pile, a cathode humidifier, an air filter, an air compressor, a DCDC converter, an electric pile heat dissipation system, a hydrogen supply system and a circulation pipeline,
two circuits are led out from the electric energy output end of the electric pile, one circuit is connected with the DCDC converter, and the other circuit is connected with the lithium battery and the motor controller; a 24V step-down DCDC converter is connected between the lithium battery and the electric energy output end of the electric pile, and the electric energy output end of the lithium battery is connected with the air compressor controller; a first heat exchanger is arranged on a hydrogen inlet pipeline of the galvanic pile and is connected with the galvanic pile; an anode circulating device is arranged between the anode of the galvanic pile and the hydrogen supply system, and the anode circulating device consists of a hydrogen ejector and a water-vapor separator; and the air compression supply system of the electric pile is provided with a tail gas energy recovery energy-saving turbine.
2. A high efficiency fuel cell engine as defined in claim 1, wherein a hydrogen supply rail is provided on the anode circulation line at the inlet end of said anode circulation device.
3. The high-efficiency fuel cell engine according to claim 1, wherein the air outlet end of the air compressor is connected with a second heat exchanger, and the second heat exchanger is respectively connected with the electric pile and the electric pile heat dissipation system.
4. A high efficiency fuel cell engine as defined in claim 3, wherein said stack heat rejection system is provided with an air conditioning heat exchanger.
5. A high efficiency fuel cell engine as defined in claim 1, wherein said cathode humidifier is provided with a one-way valve at the inlet and a back pressure valve at the outlet.
6. A high efficiency fuel cell engine as defined in claim 1, wherein a turbine generator is disposed on the gas outlet pipeline of the hydrogen supply system, the power output end of the turbine generator is connected to a storage battery, and the storage battery is connected to the wireless monitoring module of the cell stack system.
7. The high efficiency fuel cell engine of claim 1, wherein the periphery of said stack is filled with polymeric insulating material PIR.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202120826373.XU CN214542300U (en) | 2021-04-21 | 2021-04-21 | High-efficiency fuel cell engine |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202120826373.XU CN214542300U (en) | 2021-04-21 | 2021-04-21 | High-efficiency fuel cell engine |
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| CN214542300U true CN214542300U (en) | 2021-10-29 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115513490A (en) * | 2022-09-27 | 2022-12-23 | 南方电网电力科技股份有限公司 | Residual pressure and waste heat utilization device of hydrogen fuel cell system and control method thereof |
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2021
- 2021-04-21 CN CN202120826373.XU patent/CN214542300U/en active Active
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115513490A (en) * | 2022-09-27 | 2022-12-23 | 南方电网电力科技股份有限公司 | Residual pressure and waste heat utilization device of hydrogen fuel cell system and control method thereof |
| CN115513490B (en) * | 2022-09-27 | 2023-10-31 | 南方电网电力科技股份有限公司 | Residual pressure and waste heat utilization device of hydrogen fuel cell system and control method thereof |
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Effective date of registration: 20220801 Address after: 710000 room 1135, convention and Exhibition International Building, No. 1, Chang'an North Road, Beilin District, Xi'an City, Shaanxi Province Patentee after: Shengshi Yingchuang hydrogen energy technology (Shaanxi) Co.,Ltd. Address before: 065600 No. 27, Panzhuang village, Cao Jiawu Township, Yongqing County, Langfang City, Hebei Province Patentee before: Langfang Qirui Battery Technology Co.,Ltd. |