CN214534130U

CN214534130U - Automatic connecting and disconnecting device for transmission shaft and test equipment

Info

Publication number: CN214534130U
Application number: CN202120664319.XU
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘强; 魏晨光; 朱志华; 阿拉腾; 尹志高; 盛宏伟; 李戈飞
Original assignee: CITIC Dicastal Co Ltd
Current assignee: CITIC Dicastal Co Ltd
Priority date: 2021-04-01
Filing date: 2021-04-01
Publication date: 2021-10-29
Anticipated expiration: 2031-04-01

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of the test of wheel and vehicle chassis suspension system, a transmission shaft automatic connection and disengaging gear and test equipment are provided, the input shaft passes through the second connecting axle, ratchet subassembly, first connecting axle, the output shaft drives the transmission shaft and rotates and apply acceleration torque, flexible gear complete meshing and the complete separation that can make input shaft and first connecting axle through first group cylinder and second group cylinder piston rod, the driving system intervenes when the drive shaft needs to drive, automatic cutout driving system after the drive is accomplished, and can prevent through ratchet subassembly that the transmission shaft from driving motor work in reverse.

Description

Automatic connecting and disconnecting device for transmission shaft and test equipment

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of tests of wheel and automobile chassis suspension systems, in particular to a transmission shaft automatic connection and disconnection device and test equipment.

Background

Some tests of the road simulation testing machine with the suspension require that the system is accelerated firstly, and the acceleration torque is removed after the preset speed is reached so as to carry out subsequent tests. However, the driving shaft and the power system applying the acceleration torque in the existing test equipment are designed integrally, the acceleration torque is often applied by starting up, the acceleration torque can be stopped by stopping the machine, the driving shaft and the power system cannot be separated, the accuracy of the whole test result can be affected by the power system in the test of a plurality of loading variables and a plurality of combined components, the loading of the variables is inconvenient, and the cooperative test of the components is also inconvenient. In addition, if the rotating speed of the driving shaft is higher than that of the power system, the power system can be damaged, and meanwhile, the power system can limit the loading of the acceleration torque and other variables, the accuracy of the test result is affected, and the real test result cannot be obtained.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The embodiment of the application provides a transmission shaft automatic connection and disconnection device and test equipment, and can solve the problems in the background art.

In order to achieve the above object, the utility model provides a following technical scheme:

in a first aspect, an automatic connecting and disconnecting device for a transmission shaft is provided, and comprises an output shaft, a first connecting shaft, a ratchet wheel assembly, a second connecting shaft and an input shaft, wherein the upper end of the output shaft is connected with the transmission shaft, and the lower end of the output shaft is of a gear structure; the upper end of the first connecting shaft is of a gear structure, and the gear structure at the upper end of the first connecting shaft can be meshed with the gear structure at the lower end of the output shaft; the lower end of the first connecting shaft is connected with the upper end of the ratchet wheel assembly through a spline, and the upper end of the second connecting shaft is connected with the lower end of the ratchet wheel assembly through a spline; the ratchet assembly is capable of transmitting rotation of the second connecting shaft to the first connecting shaft and preventing transmission of rotation of the first connecting shaft to the second connecting shaft; the lower end of the second connecting shaft is connected with the input shaft, and the input shaft is used for inputting rotary power.

In some embodiments, the ratchet assembly comprises a ratchet cover, a first baffle plate, a ratchet, a pawl, a first group of cylinders and a second group of cylinders, the first connecting shaft penetrates through the first baffle plate, and the lower end of the first connecting shaft is connected with the ratchet through a spline; a first connecting shaft shoulder is arranged on the first connecting shaft, a hoop is fixed on the first connecting shaft below the first connecting shaft shoulder, the first baffle is positioned between the first connecting shaft shoulder and the hoop, and the first baffle can freely rotate around the first connecting shaft; the first baffle plate and the top surface of the ratchet cover are fixedly connected together; the ratchet wheel and the pawl are fixed in the ratchet wheel cover, and the lower end of the ratchet wheel cover is connected with the second connecting shaft through a spline; the first group of cylinders and the second group of cylinders are fixed in position, the first group of cylinders are located above the first baffle plate, the second group of cylinders are located below the ratchet cover, piston rods of the first group of cylinders can push the first baffle plate, and piston rods of the second group of cylinders can push the ratchet cover.

In some embodiments, a second baffle is fixed at the bottom end of the first connecting shaft, a third baffle is fixed at the top end of the second connecting shaft, and a gap is reserved between the second baffle and the third baffle.

In some embodiments, the gear structure at the upper end of the first connecting shaft and the gear structure at the lower end of the output shaft are both provided with chamfers at tooth tops.

In some embodiments, the number of the cylinders in the first group of cylinders is the same as that of the cylinders in the second group of cylinders, the number of the cylinders in the first group of cylinders is 2-4, and the cylinders are uniformly distributed on the circumference and are symmetrically arranged up and down.

In some embodiments, a gap is provided between the first stop and the first connector shaft in a radial direction, and a gap is provided between the first stop and the clip and the first connector shaft shoulder in an axial direction.

In some embodiments, the number of the ratchet wheels is 16-24, and the ratchet wheels are uniformly distributed on the circumference; the number of the pawls is 2-4, and the pawls are uniformly distributed in the ratchet cover in the circumference.

In some embodiments, the length of the splines between the second connecting shaft and the ratchet cover and the length of the splines between the first connecting shaft and the ratchet ensure that the gears between the first connecting shaft and the output shaft can be completely engaged and completely disengaged.

In a second aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a testing apparatus, which includes a driving motor and an automatic transmission shaft connecting and disconnecting device as described in any of the above embodiments, wherein an output shaft of the driving motor is fixedly connected with the input shaft.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are that:

the utility model provides a transmission shaft automatic connection and disengagement device and test equipment, which comprises an output shaft, a first connecting shaft, a ratchet wheel component, a second connecting shaft and an input shaft, wherein the input shaft drives the transmission shaft to rotate through the second connecting shaft, the ratchet wheel component, the first connecting shaft and the output shaft to apply acceleration torque, the gear of the input shaft and the gear of the first connecting shaft can be completely meshed and completely separated through the extension and retraction of a first group of cylinders and a second group of cylinder piston rods of the ratchet wheel component, so that the power system is involved when the driving shaft needs to be driven, the power system is automatically cut off after the driving is finished, the transmission shaft can be prevented from reversely driving a motor to work through the ratchet wheel component, and the first group of cylinders is used for pushing a first baffle plate, thereby the first baffle plate and the first connecting shaft move relatively, the first connecting shaft drives a ratchet wheel to rise in a ratchet wheel cover, so that ratchet pawls can be automatically disengaged, prevent the excessive wearing and tearing of ratchet, the experimental facilities in this application be convenient for the loading test of a plurality of variables and the cooperative test of a plurality of parts, and the accuracy of test result is high, can prevent simultaneously that the drive shaft from dragging driving power system's motor rotatory, avoids damaging the accuracy of driving system and influence test result.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a schematic view showing the construction of an automatic connecting and disconnecting apparatus for a propeller shaft according to the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view showing an assembled structure of an automatic connecting and disconnecting apparatus for a propeller shaft according to the present application.

Wherein: 1-output shaft, 2-first connecting shaft, 3-first baffle, 4-clamp, 5-ratchet, 6-second baffle, 7-third baffle, 8-pawl, 9-ratchet cover, 10-second connecting shaft, 11-input shaft, 12-first group of cylinders, 13-second group of cylinders, 14-transmission shaft, 15-driving motor, 16-ratchet component and 17-first connecting shaft shoulder.

Detailed Description

The terms "first," "second," "third," and "fourth," etc. in the description and claims of this application and in the accompanying drawings are used for distinguishing between different objects and not for describing a particular order. Furthermore, the terms "include" and "have," as well as any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not limited to only those steps or elements listed, but may alternatively include other steps or elements not listed, or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

Reference herein to "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment can be included in at least one embodiment of the application. The appearances of the phrase in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments. It is explicitly and implicitly understood by one skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present application. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

Example 1:

in the embodiment 1, an automatic connecting and disconnecting device for a transmission shaft is provided, which is shown in fig. 1-2 and comprises an output shaft 1, a first connecting shaft 2, a first baffle 3, a ratchet assembly 16, a second connecting shaft 10, a retraction shaft 11, a first group of cylinders 12 and a second group of cylinders 13. The upper end of the output shaft 1 is connected with the transmission shaft 14 (for example, a transmission shaft of an automobile suspension assembly), and the lower end of the output shaft 1 is of a gear structure. The upper end of the first connecting shaft 2 is a gear structure, the gear structure at the upper end of the first connecting shaft 2 can be meshed with the gear structure at the lower end of the output shaft 1 for power transmission, as shown in fig. 1-2, after the gear structure at the upper end of the first connecting shaft 2 is meshed with the gear at the lower end of the output shaft 1, the axes of the first connecting shaft 2 and the output shaft 1 are overlapped. The gear structure at the upper end of the first connecting shaft 2 and the gear structure at the lower end of the output shaft 1 are respectively 8-16 in gear tooth number and are uniformly distributed along respective circumferences, and chamfers are arranged at the tops of the gear structure at the upper end of the first connecting shaft 2 and the gear structure at the lower end of the output shaft 1, so that gears can be meshed together at any position.

In other embodiments, the gear structure at the upper end of the first connecting shaft and the gear at the lower end of the output shaft may have different meshing transmission modes, such as an internal meshing transmission mode, a conical gear transmission mode, a herringbone gear transmission mode, a straight spur gear transmission mode and the like.

The lower end of the first connecting shaft 2 is connected with the upper end of the ratchet wheel assembly 16 through a spline, the upper end of the second connecting shaft 10 is connected with the lower end of the ratchet wheel assembly 16 through a spline, the lower end of the second connecting shaft 10 is connected with the upper end of the input shaft 11 through a spline, and the ratchet wheel assembly 16 can move axially relative to the first connecting shaft 2 and the second connecting shaft 4 under the action of an air cylinder due to the spline connection. The ratchet assembly 16 is capable of transmitting rotation of the second connecting shaft 4 to the first connecting shaft 2 and preventing transmission of rotation of the first connecting shaft 2 to the second connecting shaft 4. The lower end of the second connecting shaft 10 is connected to the input shaft 11, the input shaft 11 is used for inputting rotary power, and the output end of the driving motor 15 is connected to the input shaft 11 in the embodiment, as shown in fig. 1-2.

As shown in fig. 2, the ratchet assembly 16 includes a ratchet cover 9, a first shutter 3, a ratchet 5, pawls 8, a first group of cylinders 12, and a second group of cylinders 13. The first connecting shaft 2 penetrates through the first baffle 3, and the lower end of the first connecting shaft 2 is connected with a ratchet wheel 5 through a spline. Be provided with first connecting axle shoulder 17 on the first connecting axle 2 to below first connecting axle shoulder 17 fixed clamp 4 on the first connecting axle 2, first baffle 3 is located first connecting axle shoulder 17 with between the clamp 4, and first baffle 3 can be around 2 free rotations of first connecting axle. The first baffle plate 3 is fixed on the top surface of the ratchet cover 9 through bolts, the pawls are installed on the inner side of the ratchet cover 9, the ratchet wheel 5 and the pawls 8 are fixed in the ratchet cover 9, and the ratchet wheel 5 and the pawls 8 are used for preventing the transmission shaft 14 from dragging the driving motor 9 connected on the input shaft 11 to rotate. The lower end of the ratchet cover 9 is connected with the second connecting shaft 10 through a spline. The first group of cylinders 12 and the second group of cylinders 13 are fixed in position, the first group of cylinders 12 are located above the first baffle plate 3, the piston rods of the first group of cylinders 12 are not fixedly connected with the first baffle plate 3, the second group of cylinders 13 are located below the ratchet cover 16, the piston rods of the second group of cylinders 13 are not fixedly connected with the ratchet cover 16, the piston rods of the first group of cylinders 12 can push the first baffle plate 3, and the piston rods of the second group of cylinders 13 can push the ratchet cover 16.

The ratchet assembly 16 can transmit the rotation of the second connecting shaft 4 to the first connecting shaft 2, and can prevent the transmission of the rotation of the first connecting shaft 2 to the second connecting shaft 10 since the first shutter 3 can rotate along the first connecting shaft 2. The first connecting shaft shoulder 17 shown in fig. 1-2 is located on the first connecting shaft 2, the clamp 4 is fixed with the first connecting shaft 2 through bolts, and a gap is left between the first connecting shaft shoulder 17 and the clamp 4, so that the first baffle 3 can be smoothly installed and cannot be clamped, and the first baffle 3 cannot be driven to rotate together when the first connecting shaft 2 rotates. The first group of cylinders 12 and the second group of cylinders 13 are fixed in position and are both fixed on the workbench.

The number of teeth of the ratchet wheel 12 is 16-24, the number of the pawls 15 is 2-4, the pawls are uniformly distributed at the bottom end of the first connecting shaft 2 in the ratchet wheel cover 9, and the second baffle 6 is used for preventing the ratchet wheel 5 from falling off. A third baffle 7 is fixed at the top end of the second connecting shaft 10, and the third baffle 7 is used for preventing the upper end of the second connecting shaft 10 from falling off from the ratchet cover 9.

The number of the cylinders in the first group of cylinders 12 is the same as that of the cylinders in the second group of cylinders 13, the number of the cylinders is 2-4, and the cylinders are uniformly distributed on the circumference and are symmetrically arranged up and down. The first group of cylinders 13 acts on the first baffle 3, and the second group of cylinders 13 acts on the ratchet cover, so that the first connecting shaft 2 and the output shaft 1 are automatically connected and disconnected.

The cylinder stroke of the first group of cylinders 12 and the second group of cylinders 13 is 60-100mm, and the cylinder stroke needs to be enough to enable the output shaft 1 and the gear of the first connecting shaft 2 to be completely meshed and separated. In order to avoid friction between the first stop plate 3 and the first stop shaft shoulder 17 on the first stop shaft 2 and the clamping band 4, a gap, for example 1-2mm, is left between the first stop plate 3 and the first stop plate 4 and the first stop plate 3, and a gap, for example 1-2mm, is also left between the first stop plate 3 and the first stop shaft 2.

In the automatic connecting and disconnecting device for the transmission shaft in the embodiment, when automatic connection is needed, the second group of air cylinders 13 are inflated, the first group of air cylinders 12 are exhausted, the second group of air cylinders 13 push the ratchet cover 9 to move upwards, the ratchet cover 16 pushes the first baffle plate 3, and the first baffle plate 3 drives the first connecting shaft 2 to move upwards by pushing the first connecting shaft shoulder 17, so that the gear at the upper end of the first connecting shaft 2 is meshed with the gear at the lower end of the output shaft 1. The driving motor 15 drives the input shaft 11 to rotate, the input shaft 11 drives the second connecting shaft 10 to rotate, the second connecting shaft 10 drives the ratchet cover 9 to work through a spline, the pawl 8 arranged on the ratchet cover 9 drives the ratchet 5 to work, the ratchet 5 drives the first connecting shaft 2 through the spline, the first connecting shaft 2 drives the output shaft 1 through a gear, and the output shaft 1 drives the transmission shaft 14 to rotate.

When the second group of air cylinders 13 push the ratchet cover 9, the third baffle 7 is arranged at the upper end of the spline connecting the ratchet cover 9 and the second connecting shaft 10, so that the ratchet cover 9 cannot fall off. When the first baffle 3 pushes the first connecting shaft 2, the bottom of the spline connecting the lower end of the first connecting shaft 2 and the ratchet wheel 5 is fixed through the second baffle 6, so that the ratchet wheel is prevented from sliding off.

The length of the splines between the second connecting shaft 10 and the input shaft 11 and the length of the splines between the first connecting shaft 2 and the ratchet wheel 5 can ensure that the gears between the first connecting shaft 2 and the output shaft 1 can be completely engaged and disengaged, and certain allowance is reserved.

And a gap of 5-10mm is reserved between the second baffle 6 and the third baffle 7 after the installation is finished.

When the transmission system works and rotates, the whole set of system synchronously rotates, after the wheel reaches a preset speed, the driving motor 15 stops working, the input shaft 11, the second connecting shaft 10, the ratchet cover 9, the pawl 8 and the third baffle 7 all stop rotating, at the moment, because the first baffle 3 and the ratchet cover 9 are fixed together through bolts and a gap is reserved between the first baffle 3 and the first connecting shaft 2, and a gap is reserved between the first baffle 3 and the first connecting shaft shoulder 17 as well as between the first baffle 3 and the hoop 4, the first baffle 10 also stops rotating and cannot be abraded with a rotating part. At the moment, the first group of cylinders 12 is inflated, the second group of cylinders 13 is exhausted, the first group of cylinders 12 pushes the first baffle 3 to move downwards, the first baffle 3 pushes the ratchet cover 9 to move downwards, the ratchet cover 9 pushes the second connecting shaft 10 to move downwards, and meanwhile, the first baffle 10 drives the first connecting shaft 2 to move downwards through the hoop 4, so that the gear between the first connecting shaft 2 and the output shaft 1 is automatically disengaged.

Example 2

In this embodiment 2, there is provided a test apparatus comprising a driving motor and an automatic connecting and disconnecting device of a transmission shaft as described in the above embodiment 1, wherein an output shaft of the driving motor is fixedly connected to the input shaft. This test equipment in embodiment 2 realizes that driving system intervenes when the drive shaft needs to drive, and the automatic cutout driving system after the drive is accomplished to can prevent through ratchet subassembly that the transmission shaft from driving motor work in reverse, the experimental facilities in this application be convenient for the loading test of a plurality of variables and the cooperative test of a plurality of parts, and the accuracy of test result is high, can prevent simultaneously that the drive shaft from dragging driving system's motor rotatory, avoids damaging the driving system and influences the accuracy of test result.

The foregoing detailed description of the embodiments of the present application has been presented to illustrate the principles and implementations of the present application, and the above description of the embodiments is only provided to help understand the method and the core concept of the present application; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present application, there may be variations in the specific embodiments and the application scope, and in summary, the content of the present specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present application.

Claims

1. An automatic connecting and disconnecting device of a transmission shaft is characterized by comprising an output shaft, a first connecting shaft, a ratchet wheel component, a second connecting shaft and an input shaft,

the upper end of the output shaft is connected with the transmission shaft, and the lower end of the output shaft is of a gear structure;

the upper end of the first connecting shaft is of a gear structure, and the gear structure at the upper end of the first connecting shaft can be meshed with the gear structure at the lower end of the output shaft; the lower end of the first connecting shaft is connected with the upper end of the ratchet wheel assembly through a spline, and the upper end of the second connecting shaft is connected with the lower end of the ratchet wheel assembly through a spline; the ratchet assembly is capable of transmitting rotation of the second connecting shaft to the first connecting shaft and preventing transmission of rotation of the first connecting shaft to the second connecting shaft;

the lower end of the second connecting shaft is connected with the input shaft, and the input shaft is used for inputting rotary power.

2. The automatic connecting and disconnecting device for transmission shafts according to claim 1, wherein said ratchet assembly includes a ratchet cover, a first blocking plate, a ratchet, a pawl, a first group of cylinders and a second group of cylinders,

the first connecting shaft penetrates through the first baffle, and the lower end of the first connecting shaft is connected with the ratchet wheel through a spline;

a first connecting shaft shoulder is arranged on the first connecting shaft, a hoop is fixed on the first connecting shaft below the first connecting shaft shoulder, the first baffle is positioned between the first connecting shaft shoulder and the hoop, and the first baffle can freely rotate around the first connecting shaft;

the first baffle plate and the top surface of the ratchet cover are fixedly connected together;

the ratchet wheel and the pawl are fixed in the ratchet wheel cover, and the lower end of the ratchet wheel cover is connected with the second connecting shaft through a spline;

the first group of cylinders and the second group of cylinders are fixed in position, the first group of cylinders are located above the first baffle plate, the second group of cylinders are located below the ratchet cover, piston rods of the first group of cylinders can push the first baffle plate, and piston rods of the second group of cylinders can push the ratchet cover.

3. An automatic connecting and disconnecting device for a transmission shaft according to claim 2, wherein a second blocking plate is fixed to a bottom end of said first connecting shaft, a third blocking plate is fixed to a top end of said second connecting shaft, and a gap is left between said second blocking plate and said third blocking plate.

4. An automatic connecting and disconnecting device for transmission shafts according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the gear structure at the upper end of said first connecting shaft and the gear structure at the lower end of said output shaft are each provided with a chamfer at the tooth tip portion thereof.

5. The automatic connecting and disconnecting device for the transmission shaft according to any one of claims 2 to 3, wherein the number of the cylinders in the first group of cylinders is the same as that of the cylinders in the second group of cylinders, the number of the cylinders is 2 to 4, and the cylinders are symmetrically arranged up and down on the circumference.

6. An automatic connecting and disconnecting device for a propeller shaft according to any one of claims 2-3, wherein a gap is provided in a radial direction between said first shield and said first connecting shaft, and a gap is provided in an axial direction between said first shield and said yoke and between said first connecting shaft shoulder.

7. A drive shaft automatic connecting and disconnecting apparatus according to any one of claims 2 to 3, wherein said ratchet wheel has 16 to 24 teeth and is circumferentially and uniformly arranged; the number of the pawls is 2-4, and the pawls are uniformly distributed in the ratchet cover in the circumference.

8. An automatic connecting and disconnecting device for transmission shafts according to any one of claims 2 to 3, wherein the length of the splines between the second connecting shaft and said ratchet cover and the length of the splines between the first connecting shaft and the ratchet ensure that the gears between the first connecting shaft and the output shaft can be completely engaged and completely disengaged.

9. A test apparatus comprising a drive motor and an automatic shaft coupling and decoupling apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, an output shaft of said drive motor being fixedly coupled to said input shaft.