CN214533353U

CN214533353U - Engine and vehicle

Info

Publication number: CN214533353U
Application number: CN202023083188.0U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 谭海亮
Original assignee: Weichai Power Co Ltd
Current assignee: Weichai Power Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-12-17
Filing date: 2020-12-17
Publication date: 2021-10-29
Anticipated expiration: 2030-12-17

Abstract

The utility model provides an engine and vehicle. The engine includes: an ignition coil, a high-voltage wire, a spark plug, a gas flow detection device, a cylinder, and a bushing; the bushing is positioned above the cylinder and forms a bushing cavity with the upper end of the cylinder, the spark plug is arranged at the upper end of the cylinder in a penetrating manner, a part of the spark plug generating sparks is positioned in the cylinder, one end of the high-voltage wire is connected with the ignition coil, and the other end of the high-voltage wire penetrates through the first through hole of the bushing and is connected with the spark plug; the gas flow detection device measures the gas flow leaked from the spark plug by the cylinder under different working conditions of the engine through the second through hole of the lining. The utility model discloses a spark plug's air leakage's real-time measurement.

Description

Engine and vehicle

Technical Field

The utility model relates to an engine technology especially relates to an engine and vehicle.

Background

For natural gas fueled engines, natural gas is stored in the cylinders of the engine. The natural gas in the cylinder is combusted to provide power for the engine. Specifically, the upper portion of the engine cylinder is provided with a spark plug which is mainly composed of an insulator, a housing, a terminal screw, and an electrode. The spark plug can discharge high voltage transmitted by a high-voltage wire to break down natural gas between two electrodes of the spark plug, so that the spark plug generates electric spark to ignite the natural gas in the cylinder.

However, the insulator and the housing of the spark plug are not sealed well, the spark plug and the cylinder are not sealed well, and the insulator of the spark plug and the terminal screw are not sealed well, which may cause the natural gas in the cylinder to leak from the spark plug. At higher natural gas temperatures within the cylinder, natural gas leakage may damage engine components (e.g., spark plugs, liners, etc.), thereby reducing the useful life of the engine components. Therefore, it is critical to measure the amount of air leakage from an engine spark plug.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model provides an engine and vehicle to the realization is measured the air leakage volume of engine spark plug.

In a first aspect, the present invention provides an engine, comprising: an ignition coil, a high-voltage wire, a spark plug, a gas flow detection device, a cylinder, and a bushing;

the bushing is positioned above the cylinder and forms a bushing cavity with the upper end of the cylinder, the spark plug is arranged at the upper end of the cylinder in a penetrating manner, a part of the spark plug generating sparks is positioned in the cylinder, one end of the high-voltage wire is connected with the ignition coil, and the other end of the high-voltage wire penetrates through the first through hole of the bushing and is connected with the spark plug;

the gas flow detection device measures the gas flow leaked from the spark plug by the cylinder under different working conditions of the engine through the second through hole of the bushing.

Optionally, the engine further includes a gas pipeline, and the gas flow detection device is connected to the second through hole through the gas pipeline.

Optionally, the bushing includes a bushing cover plate and a hollow bushing shell, the bushing cover plate is disposed at an upper end opening of the bushing shell, and a lower end opening of the bushing shell is disposed at an upper end of the cylinder;

the bushing cover plate is provided with the first through hole and/or the second through hole.

Optionally, the gas flow detection device is clamped at the second through hole.

Optionally, the second through hole is located on a side wall of the bushing.

Optionally, the engine further comprises a dust-proof piece; the dust-proof member covers the second through hole.

Optionally, the ECU of the engine is connected to the gas flow detection device;

and the ECU of the engine is used for recording the gas flow rate of the cylinder leaking from the spark plug under different working conditions of the engine, which is measured by the gas flow rate detection device.

Optionally, the ECU of the engine is connected to the ignition coil, and is configured to control the ignition coil to output high voltage electricity to the spark plug.

Optionally, the ECU of the engine is further connected to an output device for outputting the gas flow rate of the cylinder leaking from the spark plug under different operating conditions of the engine, which is measured by the gas flow rate detection device.

In a second aspect, the present invention provides a vehicle comprising an engine as defined in any one of the first aspects.

The utility model provides an engine and vehicle for the cylinder of engine can flow through gas flow detection device through the second through-hole from the gas of spark plug leakage under the different operating modes of engine, so that gas flow that the cylinder that makes gas flow detection device can measure the engine follow the gas flow of spark plug leakage under the different operating modes of engine, has realized the real-time measurement of the gas leakage volume of spark plug.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention or the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for the embodiments or the prior art descriptions, and obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive labor.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a conventional engine;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an engine provided by the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of another engine provided by the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of another engine provided by the present invention.

Description of reference numerals:

01: an ignition coil; 02: a high-voltage line;

03: a bushing; 04: a spark plug;

05: a cylinder; 06: a liner cavity;

100: an engine; 101: an ignition coil;

102: a high-voltage line; 103: a spark plug;

104: a gas flow detection device; 106: a bushing;

107: a cylinder; 108: a liner cavity;

109: a first through hole; 110: a second through hole;

120: a gas line; 130: an ECU;

140: an output device; 1061: a bushing cover plate;

1062: a bushing housing; 07: and a bushing cover plate.

Detailed Description

To make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the drawings of the present invention are combined to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions of the present invention, and obviously, the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a conventional engine. As shown in fig. 1, the engine using natural gas as fuel includes an ignition coil 01, a high-voltage wire 02, a liner 03, an ignition plug 04, a cylinder 05, and an Electronic Control Unit (ECU) (not shown in fig. 1). Wherein natural gas is stored in the cylinder 05 and can power the engine when the natural gas in the cylinder 05 is combusted.

As shown in fig. 1, one end of the ignition coil 01 is connected to the high-voltage line 02. The other end of the ignition coil 01 can also be connected with a power supply module, and the power supply module is used for outputting voltage to the ignition coil 01. After receiving an ignition command from the ECU, the ignition coil 01 may convert the voltage (typically, about several tens of volts) output by the power supply module into a high voltage (typically, about ten thousand volts) and transmit the high voltage to the ignition plug 04 through the high voltage line 02.

The spark plug 04 is composed of an insulator, a shell, a wiring screw rod and electrodes, and the spark plug 04 can discharge high voltage transmitted by the high-voltage wire 02 to break down natural gas between the two electrodes of the spark plug 04 and generate electric sparks, so that the natural gas in the cylinder 05 can be ignited.

However, the insulator and the housing of the spark plug 04 are not sealed well, the spark plug 04 and the cylinder 05 are not sealed well, and the insulator of the spark plug 04 and the terminal screw are not sealed well, which may cause the natural gas in the cylinder 05 to leak from the spark plug 04 into the liner cavity 06. The liner cavity 06 is a cavity formed by the liner 03 and the upper end of the cylinder 05. In the event that the temperature of the natural gas within the cylinder 05 is high, the natural gas leakage may damage components of the engine (e.g., the spark plug 04, the liner 03, etc.). I.e., spark plug 04 blow-by, may result in a reduction in the useful life of the engine components. Therefore, it is important to measure the amount of air leakage of the spark plug 04 of the engine in real time.

However, the existing engine cannot realize real-time measurement of the air leakage of the spark plug 04. In view of the problem, the utility model provides an engine, this engine can measure the gas flow that the cylinder 05 of engine leaks from spark plug 04 under the different operating modes of engine through gas flow detection device, has realized the real-time measurement of the gas leakage volume of spark plug 04. It should be understood that the engine provided by the utility model can be applied to vehicles, ships and other vehicles needing to use the natural gas engine. The Natural Gas may be Compressed Natural Gas (CNG), Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG), or the like.

For convenience of description, the engine provided by the present invention is applied to a vehicle as an example, and the technical solution of the present invention is described in detail with reference to the specific embodiment. The following several specific embodiments may be combined with each other, and details of the same or similar concepts or processes may not be repeated in some embodiments.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an engine according to the present invention. As shown in fig. 2, the engine 100 includes: an ignition coil 101, a high-voltage wire 102, an ignition plug 103, a gas flow rate detection device 104, a cylinder 107, and a bushing 106.

Wherein the bushing 106 is located above the cylinder 107. As shown in fig. 2, the liner 106 forms a liner cavity 108 with the upper end of the cylinder 107. When the insulator and the shell of the spark plug 103 are poorly sealed, natural gas in the cylinder 107 may leak from the spark plug 103 into the liner cavity 108.

Illustratively, the liner 106 and the cylinder 107 may be connected together by welding, for example, to ensure the tightness of the liner cavity 108. The liner 106 may be, for example, an Aluminum-based alloy (Aluminum) or a Copper-based alloy (Copper).

The ignition plug 103 is inserted into an upper end portion of the cylinder 107. Wherein a portion of the ignition plug 103 generating the spark is located in the cylinder 107 so that the spark generated by the ignition plug 103 can ignite the natural gas in the cylinder 107.

Specifically, the present invention does not limit the type of the spark plug 103. For example, the spark plug 103 may be any type of spark plug such as a quasi-type spark plug, a rim body protrusion type spark plug, an electrode type spark plug, a seat type spark plug, a pole type spark plug, or a surface spark plug. The material of the spark plug 103 may be any one of a platinum spark plug, an iridium alloy spark plug, a nickel alloy spark plug, and the like.

It should be understood that FIG. 2 illustrates only one of the spark plugs 103 of the engine 100 by way of example. Specifically, the present invention is not limited to the engine 100 in which several spark plugs 103 are installed, and whether the types are the same between different spark plugs 103. In concrete implementation, the kind of the spark plug 103 may be changed according to different types of engines, for example. For example, for a high compression ratio engine, the temperature of the natural gas in the high compression ratio engine cylinder is higher than the temperature of the natural gas in the low compression ratio engine cylinder. Therefore, the high temperature resistance of the spark plug for the high compression ratio engine application is required to be higher than that of the spark plug for the low compression ratio engine application.

One end of the high voltage wire 102 is connected to the ignition coil 101, and the other end of the high voltage wire 102 is connected to the ignition plug 103 through the first through hole 109 of the bushing 106. The high voltage line 102 is used for transmitting the high voltage generated by the ignition coil 101 to the spark plug 103, and the spark plug 103 can discharge the high voltage transmitted from the high voltage line 102 to break down the natural gas between electrodes of the spark plug 103, thereby generating an electric spark.

The high voltage line 102 may be a power transmission line capable of transmitting a high voltage (e.g., a voltage of ten thousand volts or more). Alternatively, the high-voltage wire 102 may be, for example, a high-voltage wire with high temperature resistance, a high-voltage wire with low temperature resistance, or the like.

Optionally, the ignition coil 101 may also be connected to a power supply module, or a battery, etc. The power supply module or the battery may be, for example, a power supply module or a battery of a whole vehicle, or a power supply module or a battery of an engine, and may be specifically determined according to a type of the vehicle or a type of the engine.

The ignition coil 101 includes two types of coils: a primary coil and a secondary coil. Taking the example of the ignition coil 101 connected to a power supply module, one end of the primary coil is connected to the power supply module. Optionally, the engine 100 may further include a switching device (e.g., an electrical breaker, not shown in fig. 2) for controlling the on/off of the ignition coil 101. The other end of the primary coil of the ignition coil 101 is connected to one end of the switching device, and one end of the secondary coil is connected to the other end of the switching device. When the switching device is closed, the primary coil and the secondary coil are conducted, and the ignition coil 101 can amplify the voltage output by the power supply module into high voltage; when the switching device is turned off, the primary coil is disconnected from the secondary coil, and the ignition coil 101 does not perform the operation of amplifying the voltage. The other end of the secondary coil is connected to a high-voltage line 102 to transmit the voltage amplified by the ignition coil 101 to a spark plug 103. Wherein, the larger the ratio of the number of turns of the secondary coil (generally 15000-25000 turns) to the number of turns of the primary coil (generally 200-500 turns) of the ignition coil 101 is, the larger the multiple of the voltage that the ignition coil 101 can amplify is.

The gas flow rate detecting device 104 measures the gas flow rate leaking from the ignition plug 103 of the cylinder 107 under different operating conditions through the second through hole 110 of the bushing 106.

Alternatively, the gas flow rate detection device 104 may be a thermal gas flowmeter, a portable gas detector, or the like. The natural gas in the liner cavity 108 may flow through the gas flow detection device 104 through the second through hole 110 of the liner 106, so that the gas flow detection device 104 may measure the gas flow leaking from the spark plug 103 of the cylinder 107 under different operating conditions of the engine 100. For example, the gas measuring device 104 may start measuring the amount of air leakage from the spark plug 103 when the engine 100 starts operating.

The second through hole 110 may be any shape of through hole in the bushing 106. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the location of the second through hole 110 on the bushing 106. Illustratively, the second through-hole 110 may be located at an upper end of the bushing 106, for example. Alternatively, the second through hole 110 may be formed in the sidewall of the bushing 106.

As a possible implementation manner, the gas flow rate detecting device 104 may be clamped at the second through hole 110. For example, the second through hole 110 matches the shape of the gas flow rate detection device 104, so that the gas flow rate detection device 104 can be disposed at the second through hole 110 in a snap-fit manner. Alternatively, a fastener (not shown in fig. 2) may be disposed between the gas flow rate detection device 104 and the second through hole 110, for example. A surface of the gas flow rate detection device 104 facing the second through hole 110, and a surface of the bushing 106 facing the gas flow rate detection device 104 (a portion contacting the gas flow rate detection device 104) may be provided with a portion capable of being fixedly connected with a fastener, so that both can be fixedly connected with the fastener. The fastening element may be, for example, a bolt and a nut. Alternatively, the gas flow rate detecting device 104 may be welded to the second through hole 110 of the bushing 106. It should be understood that the above is only an example to show the way the gas flow rate detection device 104 is disposed at the second through hole 110, and the present application is not limited to the way the gas flow rate detection device 104 is disposed at the second through hole 110.

When the gas flow detecting device 104 may be clamped at the second through hole 110, optionally, the engine 100 may further include a dust-proof member (not shown in fig. 2) for covering the second through hole 110 to prevent contaminants such as dust and automobile exhaust from entering the lining cavity 108, so as to increase the safety of the engine 100. Specifically, the dust-proof member may be, for example, a dust-proof cover or a dust-proof sticker.

With continued reference to fig. 2, as another possible implementation manner, a gas pipeline 120 may be further disposed between the gas flow rate detection device 104 and the second through hole 110, that is, the engine 100 may further include the gas pipeline 120. The gas flow rate detection device 104 can be connected with the second through hole 110 through the gas pipeline 120, so that the position of the gas flow rate detection device 104 can be flexibly changed, and the flexibility of measuring the air leakage of the spark plug 103 by the engine 100 is increased. Alternatively, the gas line 120 may be a variable shape line (e.g., a line made of rubber, resilient plastic, etc.) to further increase the flexibility of the engine 100 to measure the amount of air leakage from the spark plug 103. Of course, the gas pipeline 120 may be a pipeline made of metal, plastic, etc., and the shape of the gas pipeline 120 is not limited by the present invention.

The different operating conditions of the engine 100 may be, for example, different operating states of the engine. For example, the different operating conditions of the engine 100 may be, for example, an idle operating condition (no-load operation state of the engine 100), a small-load operating condition (the throttle opening of the engine 100 is within 25%), a medium-load operating condition (the throttle opening of the engine 100 is within 25% -85%), a large-load or full-load operating condition (the throttle opening of the engine 100 is above 85%), an acceleration operating condition, and the like. Alternatively, different driving speeds of the vehicle may be used for different operating conditions of engine 100. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the operating conditions of the engine, and may be specifically determined according to the operating conditions divided during the actual application of the engine 100.

It should be understood that fig. 2 is merely an exemplary illustration of the components and component names included in engine 100, and the present disclosure is not intended to limit the specific shapes of the components included in engine 100. Further, it should be understood that fig. 2 is only an exemplary illustration of a partial structure of engine 100 related to the present invention, and no limitation is made as to whether engine 100 further includes other components.

In the embodiment, the second through hole 110 is arranged on the bushing 106, so that the gas leaked from the spark plug 103 by the cylinder 107 under different working conditions of the engine 100 can flow through the gas flow detection device 104 through the second through hole 110, so that the gas flow detection device 104 can measure the gas flow leaked from the spark plug 103 by the cylinder 107 under different working conditions of the engine 100, and the gas leakage of the spark plug 103 can be measured in real time.

Further, fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of another engine provided by the present invention. As shown in fig. 3, the liner 106 of the engine 100 may include a liner cover plate 1061 and a hollow liner housing 1062.

The bushing cover plate 1061 is disposed at an upper opening of the bushing housing 1062, and is used for sealing the bushing cavity 108. The lower end opening of the liner housing 1062 is provided at the upper end of the cylinder 107. For example, the bushing cover plate 1061 and the bushing housing 1062 may be connected by a screw thread. For example, one side of the bushing cover plate 1061 facing the bushing housing 1062 is provided with a groove, a thread is provided in the groove, one side of the bushing housing 1062 facing the bushing cover plate 1061 is provided with a protrusion, and a thread corresponding to the thread in the groove of the bushing cover plate 1061 is provided outside the protrusion, so that the bushing cover plate 1061 and the protrusion can be fixedly connected. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the connection manner of the bushing cover plate 1061 and the bushing housing 1062. In a specific implementation, for example, the bushing cover plate 1061 and the bushing housing 1062 may be further provided with corresponding through holes, so that the bushing cover plate 1061 and the bushing housing 1062 may be connected by a bolt and a nut (also referred to as a nut) in a matching manner.

The bushing cover plate 1061 is provided with a first through hole 109 and/or a second through hole 110. It should be understood that fig. 3 shows the case where the bushing cover plate is provided with the first through hole 109 and the second through hole 110. In a specific implementation, the first through hole 109 or the second through hole 110 may not be provided on the bushing cover plate. For example, as previously described, the second through-hole 110 may be provided in the sidewall of the bushing 106. Alternatively, the 1 st through hole 110 may be provided on the sidewall of the bushing 106, and then the high voltage wire 102 may be connected to the spark plug 103 through the first through hole 110.

With continued reference to fig. 3, as shown in fig. 1, the high voltage line 02 in existing engines enters the bushing cover 07 horizontally. Because the actual pattern of the bushing cover plate is often irregular, technicians often choose a location for drilling holes that is easier to drill. If the utility model provides an engine 100's second through-hole 110 wants to set up the position of punching more easily on bushing cover plate 1061, and the mode of arranging of high-voltage line 102 was arranged in bushing cover plate 1061 for the level as shown in prior art this moment, when holing bushing cover plate 1061 then, if the drilling position of second through-hole 110 and the drilling position of first through-hole 109 were crossed, the high-voltage line 102 of wearing to establish at first through-hole 109 might be damaged during the drilling.

Therefore, in view of the above problem, the present invention provides an engine 100 when setting the first through hole 109 and the second through hole 110 on the bushing cover plate 1061, the arrangement of the high voltage line 102 of the engine 100 can be set to be perpendicular to the upper end surface of the cylinder 107 entering the bushing cavity 108, thereby avoiding the cross condition between the second through hole 110 and the first through hole 109, and further avoiding the possibility of damaging the high voltage line 102 penetrating through the first through hole 109.

Optionally, the engine 100 may further include a seal. The sealing member is disposed at the second through hole 110 and/or the first through hole 109, and is used for sealing the second through hole 110 and/or the first through hole 109, so as to prevent the leakage gas of the spark plug 103 from leaking out of the two through holes, that is, to ensure that the leakage gas of the spark plug 103 flows through the gas flow detection device 104 through the second through hole 110, thereby improving the accuracy of measuring the leakage gas amount of the spark plug 103. Specifically, the seal may be, for example, a gasket, a seal washer, or the like.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of another engine provided by the present invention. As shown in fig. 4, the engine 100 may further include an ECU 130. The ECU130 of the engine is connected with the gas flow detection device 104 and is used for recording the gas flow of the cylinder 107 leaked from the spark plug 103 under different working conditions of the engine 100, which is measured by the gas flow detection device 104, so as to realize real-time measurement and recording of the gas leakage of the spark plug 103. For example, data recorded by ECU130 of the engine about the amount of air leakage from spark plug 103 may provide data support for subsequent studies of the amount of air leakage from spark plug 103, as well as engine operating conditions.

Alternatively, with continued reference to fig. 4, as shown in fig. 4, the ECU130 of the engine may be further connected to the ignition coil 101 for controlling the ignition coil 101 to generate high voltage electricity. Alternatively, the engine ECU130 may obtain an ignition command (which may be, for example, the ECU detecting that the user starts starting the vehicle), and then control the ignition coil 101 to turn on an internal switching device so that the ignition coil 101 may convert the voltage output from the vehicle power supply module or the battery into a high voltage capable of breaking down the natural gas between the electrodes of the ignition plug 103.

Alternatively, still referring to fig. 4, as shown in fig. 4, the ECU130 of the engine may be further connected to an output device 140 for outputting the gas flow rate of the cylinder 107 of the engine, which is measured by the gas flow rate detection device 104 and leaked from the spark plug 103 under different operating conditions of the engine 100.

For example, the ECU130 may periodically transmit the gas flow rate of the cylinder 107 leaking from the spark plug 103 under different operating conditions of the engine 100, which is measured by the gas flow rate detection device 104, to the output device 140, so that the output device 140 outputs the gas flow rate of the cylinder leaking from the spark plug 103. Alternatively, the ECU130 may send the gas flow rate measured by the gas flow rate detection device 104 to the output device 140 when the gas flow rate value leaked at the ignition plug 103 is greater than a preset gas flow rate value, so that the output device 140 outputs the gas flow rate leaked at the ignition plug 103 to remind the user. Still alternatively, the ECU130 may send an alarm prompt to the output device 140 when the gas flow rate value leaked from the spark plug 103 is greater than the preset gas flow rate value, so that the user can find that the gas leakage rate of the spark plug 103 is too large in time.

Illustratively, the output device 140 may be, for example, a voice output device, or a display device (e.g., a display screen of a vehicle), etc.

The utility model also provides a vehicle, this vehicle includes the engine, and the structure of this engine can be the structure of any one of above-mentioned embodiment.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An engine, comprising: an ignition coil, a high-voltage wire, a spark plug, a cylinder, and a bushing; characterized in that the engine further comprises: a gas flow detection device;

2. The engine of claim 1, further comprising a gas line through which the gas flow sensing device is connected to the second through-hole.

3. The engine of claim 2, wherein the liner includes a liner cover plate and a hollow liner housing, the liner cover plate being disposed at an upper end opening of the liner housing, the lower end opening of the liner housing being disposed at an upper end of the cylinder;

4. The engine according to claim 1, wherein the gas flow rate detecting means is caught at the second through hole.

5. The engine of claim 4, wherein the second through-hole is located on a sidewall of the bushing.

6. The engine of claim 4, further comprising a dust shield; the dust-proof member covers the second through hole.

7. The engine according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the ECU of the engine is connected to the gas flow rate detection means;

8. An engine according to claim 7, wherein the ECU of the engine is connected to the ignition coil for controlling the ignition coil to output a high voltage to the ignition plug.

9. An engine according to claim 7, wherein the ECU of the engine is further connected to an output device for outputting the gas flow rate of the cylinder leaking from the spark plug at different operating conditions of the engine as measured by the gas flow rate detection device.

10. A vehicle, characterized in that the vehicle comprises an engine according to any one of claims 1-9.