CN214479704U - Power supply device and electronic apparatus - Google Patents
Power supply device and electronic apparatus Download PDFInfo
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- CN214479704U CN214479704U CN202120379007.4U CN202120379007U CN214479704U CN 214479704 U CN214479704 U CN 214479704U CN 202120379007 U CN202120379007 U CN 202120379007U CN 214479704 U CN214479704 U CN 214479704U
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- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 28
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009830 intercalation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002687 intercalation Effects 0.000 description 3
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910014913 LixSi Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003571 electronic cigarette Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005543 nano-size silicon particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010408 sweeping Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The application relates to a power supply device and electronic equipment, wherein the power supply device comprises a battery unit, a plurality of batteries and a power supply unit, wherein the battery unit comprises a plurality of batteries which are connected in series, and the discharge cut-off voltage of at least one battery is smaller than that of a graphite cathode lithium ion battery; the second end of the first power supply circuit is connected with a system to be powered and is used for converting the total voltage of the battery unit into a power supply voltage suitable for the system to be powered; the second power supply circuit is connected with the first power supply circuit in parallel and used for directly transmitting the total voltage of the battery unit to a system to be powered so as to supply power to the system to be powered; and the control circuit is respectively connected with the battery unit, the first end of the first power supply circuit and the first end of the second power supply circuit and is used for selectively conducting a power supply path where the first power supply circuit or the second power supply circuit is located according to the total voltage of the battery unit, so that the capacity utilization rate of the battery can be improved.
Description
Technical Field
The present application relates to the field of charging and discharging technologies, and in particular, to a power supply device and an electronic apparatus.
Background
With the development of science and technology, various electronic devices support more and more functions, and the more and more functions put higher demands on the electric quantity of the electronic devices. The mainstream electronic equipment (such as a mobile phone) in the market at present uses a graphite cathode lithium ion battery to realize power supply, and the capacity density of the battery is about 300-500W/L. Have become increasingly unable to meet the demand for battery capacity. Therefore, how to increase the utilization rate of the battery capacity becomes a key factor for increasing the battery capacity.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The embodiment of the application provides a power supply device and electronic equipment, and the utilization rate of battery capacity can be improved.
A power supply device comprising:
the battery unit comprises a plurality of batteries connected in series, wherein the discharge cut-off voltage of at least one battery is smaller than that of the graphite cathode lithium ion battery;
the second end of the first power supply circuit is connected with a system to be powered, and is used for converting the total voltage of the battery unit into a power supply voltage suitable for the system to be powered;
the second power supply circuit is connected with the first power supply circuit in parallel and used for directly transmitting the total voltage of the battery unit to the system to be powered so as to supply power to the system to be powered;
and the control circuit is respectively connected with the battery unit, the first end of the first power supply circuit and the first end of the second power supply circuit and is used for selectively conducting a power supply path where the first power supply circuit or the second power supply circuit is located according to the total voltage of the battery unit.
In one embodiment, the first power supply circuit includes:
and the voltage reduction circuit is used for carrying out first voltage reduction conversion on the total voltage so as to output the same power supply voltage as the voltage of the single battery.
In one embodiment, the voltage reduction circuit comprises a half-voltage circuit, or the voltage reduction circuit comprises a half-voltage circuit and a Buck circuit which are connected in series.
In one embodiment, the power supply device further includes:
the third power supply circuit is connected with the second power supply circuit in parallel and used for carrying out second voltage reduction conversion on the total voltage of the battery units so as to output power supply voltage suitable for the system to be powered; wherein,
the control circuit is also connected with the third power supply circuit and used for selectively conducting a power supply path where any power supply circuit is located according to the total voltage of the battery unit; wherein the voltage drop multiple of the third power supply circuit is smaller than that of the first power supply circuit.
In one embodiment, the power supply device further includes:
the fourth power supply circuit is connected with the first power supply circuit in parallel and used for performing boost conversion on the total voltage of the battery unit so as to output a power supply voltage suitable for the system to be powered;
the control circuit is further connected with the fourth power supply circuit and used for selectively conducting a power supply path where any power supply circuit is located according to the total voltage of the battery unit.
In one embodiment, the control circuit comprises:
the voltage detection unit is connected with the battery unit and used for detecting the total voltage of the battery unit;
the control unit is connected with the voltage detection unit and used for generating a control signal according to the total voltage;
and the switch unit is respectively connected with the control unit and each power supply circuit and is used for selectively conducting the power supply path where any power supply circuit is positioned under the control of the control signal.
In one embodiment, the switch unit comprises a single-pole multi-throw switch, wherein a fixed end of the single-pole multi-throw switch is connected with one end of the battery unit, and each movable end of the single-pole multi-throw switch is correspondingly connected with one power supply circuit; or, the switch unit includes a plurality of switch devices, and one switch device is correspondingly arranged on each power supply path.
In one embodiment, the control circuit is further configured to control each power supply path to be disconnected when the discharge voltage of the battery is smaller than a preset threshold.
In one embodiment, the battery cell comprises at least one of a tin negative electrode lithium ion battery and a silicon negative electrode lithium ion battery.
In one embodiment, the power supply device further includes:
a charging interface for connecting with a charging device,
and the charging circuit is connected with the charging interface and used for converting the charging signal output by the charging device into a charging signal suitable for charging the battery unit.
An electronic device, comprising: such as the above-described power supply device.
According to the power supply device and the electronic equipment, the first power supply circuit, the second power supply circuit and the control circuit are arranged, so that the power supply modes of a plurality of serially connected low-voltage batteries (for example, silicon/tin negative electrode lithium ion batteries) can be selected, and specifically, the control circuit can respectively select and control different power supply circuits to supply power according to the voltage section of the total voltage of the battery unit. For example, when the total voltage is large, the first power supply circuit can be selected to supply power to the system to be powered after voltage drop processing is performed on the total voltage, when the total voltage is small (for example, when two batteries are connected in series and then voltage drop is performed, the power supply requirement of the system to be powered cannot be met), the second power supply circuit can be selected to directly supply power to the system to be powered, the residual capacity of the batteries can be utilized, the utilization rate of the electric quantity of the batteries is improved, and meanwhile, the normal working voltage of the system to be powered can be adaptively output under the condition that the hardware discharging framework of the electronic equipment is not changed.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is one of the schematic circuit diagrams of a power supply apparatus according to an embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a discharge curve of a lithium ion battery with lithium cobaltate as the positive electrode material and graphite and silicon carbide as the negative electrode material in one embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a second schematic circuit diagram of the power supply apparatus according to an embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a third schematic circuit diagram of a power supply apparatus according to an embodiment;
FIG. 5 is a fourth schematic circuit diagram of the power supply apparatus according to one embodiment;
FIG. 6 is a fifth schematic circuit diagram of a power supply apparatus according to an embodiment;
FIG. 7 is a sixth schematic circuit diagram of a power supply apparatus according to an embodiment.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the present application is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application.
It will be understood that, as used herein, the terms "first," "second," and the like may be used herein to describe various elements, but these elements are not limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another. For example, a first solder joint may be referred to as a second solder joint, and similarly, a second solder joint may be referred to as a first solder joint, without departing from the scope of the present application. The first and second solder joints are both solder joints, but they are not the same solder joint.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present application, "plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise. In the description of the present application, "a number" means at least one, such as one, two, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.
The embodiment of the application provides a power supply device, which can be used for supplying power to a system to be powered. The system to be powered can be a module or a system which can normally work only by being driven by electric energy, such as a processor, a display, a sound playing device and the like in the electronic equipment. The power supply device can be built in the electronic equipment and used for supplying power to a system to be powered of the electronic equipment. The electronic device can be an intelligent terminal, a notebook computer, an unmanned aerial vehicle, an electronic book, a notebook computer, a tablet computer, an electronic cigarette, an intelligent electronic device (such as a watch, a bracelet, intelligent glasses, a sweeping robot and the like), and other electronic products (such as a wireless earphone, a bluetooth sound box, an electric toothbrush, a rechargeable wireless mouse and the like). In addition, the power supply device can also be used for receiving a charging signal of an external charging device (such as an adapter, a charger and the like) to charge a battery unit in the power supply device.
As shown in fig. 1, in one embodiment, the power supply device includes: battery unit 110, first power supply circuit 120, second power supply circuit 130, and control circuit 140. The battery unit 110 includes a plurality of batteries connected in series. The charge of the battery is closely related to the energy density of the battery, and the larger the energy density of the battery is, the larger the charge of the battery is. The energy density of the battery is related to the specific capacity of the battery, the specific capacity of the battery comprises the specific capacity of the positive electrode and the specific capacity of the negative electrode, and the specific capacity of the negative electrode of the battery determines nearly half of the specific capacity of the battery.
The discharge cut-off voltage of at least one battery in the batteries connected in series is smaller than that of the graphite cathode lithium ion battery. Here, the discharge cutoff voltage may be understood as a voltage at which the battery stops discharging, that is, a lower limit (or minimum) voltage at which the battery operates by discharging. Specifically, the battery having a discharge cutoff voltage smaller than that of the graphite negative electrode lithium ion battery may include one of a tin negative electrode lithium ion battery and a silicon negative electrode lithium ion battery. Generally, the theoretical specific capacity of a graphite cathode lithium ion battery is about 372mAh/g, the lithium intercalation voltage is about 0.05V, silicon and lithium in the silicon cathode lithium ion battery form a multi-phase alloy, LixSi, so that the theoretical specific capacity at room temperature is about 3600mAh/g, the theoretical specific capacity is far larger than that of the graphite cathode lithium ion battery, and the lithium intercalation voltage is also 0.4V. Generally, the larger the product of the specific capacity and the lithium intercalation voltage of the battery is, the larger the energy density of the battery is. Therefore, the energy density of a silicon negative electrode lithium ion battery is greater than that of a graphite negative electrode. Thus, it can be seen that silicon cathodes are a very promising way to boost the energy density of lithium ion batteries at the cathode level in the future.
However, after the lithium ion battery uses the silicon negative electrode, the discharge curve of the silicon negative electrode is different from that of the conventional graphite negative electrode. As shown in fig. 2, fig. 2 shows the discharge curves of the lithium ion battery with the positive electrode material being lithium cobaltate and the negative electrode material being graphite and silicon carbide, respectively. The graphite negative electrode has little capacity below 3.4V, about 5%; and the capacity of the silicon negative electrode is more than 15% when the voltage is less than 3.4V. The capacity of the tin cathode lithium ion battery is about 25% of the capacity when the battery is discharged to 3.4V, and the capacity of the battery is about 5% of the capacity when the battery is discharged to 2.0V. Taking an electronic device as a mobile phone as an example, the protection shutdown voltage set by a current mobile phone system is 3.4V. Generally, the minimum voltage for software operation set by a mobile phone system is 3.2V, but if the mobile phone system is in a large-current application scene, the instantaneous voltage can be greatly reduced to 3.2V or even below 2.8V, so that the normal operation of the software is affected. Therefore, if the silicon-containing cathode battery is directly applied in the current system, when the voltage of the battery is less than 3.4V, the system is directly shut down, and the silicon cathode cannot discharge nearly 15% of electric quantity and cannot be used for supplying power to the system, so that the advantage of high energy density of the silicon cathode cannot be exerted.
The content of silicon in the silicon cathode lithium ion battery in the embodiment of the application can be any value of 0-100%, wherein the content of silicon is different, and the discharge curves of the battery are also different. The silicon of the silicon cathode lithium ion battery can comprise pure nano silicon, and can also be silicon oxide, silicon carbide, a mixture of silicon and graphite respectively, and the like. In the embodiment of the present application, the content of silicon and the type of silicon in the silicon negative electrode lithium ion battery are not further limited.
Further, the battery unit 110 may further include at least one of a silicon negative electrode lithium ion battery, a tin negative electrode lithium ion battery, a graphite negative electrode lithium ion battery, and a carbon negative electrode lithium ion battery.
It should be noted that the types of the batteries included in the battery unit 110 may be the same or different, and the number of the batteries may be two, three or more. In the embodiment of the present application, the combination of the battery types and the number of batteries in the battery unit 110 are not further limited.
The first power supply circuit 120 and the second power supply circuit 130 are connected in parallel, specifically, a first end of the first power supply circuit 120 is connected to one end of the battery unit 110, and a second end of the first power supply circuit 120 is connected to the system to be powered 20. The first power supply circuit 120 may be configured to step down the total voltage of the battery unit 110 to a power supply voltage suitable for the system 20 to be powered. The supply voltage is greater than or equal to the shutdown voltage, e.g., 3.4V.
And the second power supply circuit 130 is configured to directly transmit the total voltage U of the battery unit 110 to the system to be powered 20 to supply power to the system to be powered 20. That is, the voltage after being converted by the second power supply circuit 130 is not changed, that is, the second power supply circuit 130 may be understood as a direct power supply circuit, or a direct discharge circuit. Specifically, the second power supply circuit 130 may be a transmission line connecting the system to be powered 20 and the battery unit 110.
The control circuit 140 is connected to the battery unit 110, the first power supply circuit 120, and the second power supply circuit 130, respectively, and is configured to select a power supply path where the first power supply circuit 120 or the second power supply circuit 130 is located according to the total voltage U of the battery unit 110. Specifically, the control circuit 140 may control the power supply path in which the first power supply circuit 120 is located to be turned on and control the power supply path in which the second power supply circuit 130 is located to be turned off when the total voltage U of the battery unit 110 is greater than the first threshold. In addition, the control circuit 140 may control the power supply path where the first power supply circuit 120 is located to be turned off and control the power supply path where the second power supply circuit 130 is located to be turned on when the total voltage U of the battery unit 110 is less than or equal to the second threshold and the voltage U of the single battery is greater than the corresponding third threshold. Wherein the first threshold is associated with the number of batteries and the shutdown voltage, and the first threshold of the series connection of the double batteries may be 6.8V; the second threshold may be a full-time voltage of the single battery, e.g., 4.5V, etc. The third threshold is associated with a discharge cutoff voltage of the single cell. The discharge cut-off voltage of the battery can be determined according to the battery type, and for example, if the single battery is a silicon cathode lithium ion battery, the corresponding third threshold value is 3.2V; if the single cell is a tin negative electrode lithium ion battery, the corresponding third threshold value is 2.0V.
For convenience of explanation, the battery unit 110 includes two lithium ion batteries with silicon cathodes connected in series.
If the total voltage U, U of the battery unit 110 is greater than 6.8V, the control circuit 140 may control the power supply path where the first power supply circuit 120 is located to be turned on, and control the power supply path where the second power supply circuit 130 is located to be turned off, so that the first power supply path converts the total voltage U of the battery unit 110 into the power supply voltage of the system to be powered 20, so that the power supply voltage is equal to the voltage U of a single battery.
If the total voltage U of the battery unit 110 is less than or equal to 4.5V and the single battery voltage U is greater than or equal to 3.2V, the control circuit 140 may control the power supply path where the first power supply circuit 120 is located to be disconnected, and at the same time, control the power supply path where the second power supply circuit 130 is located to be connected, so that the second power supply path directly outputs the total voltage U of the battery unit 110 as the power supply voltage of the system to be powered 20.
In the power supply apparatus in this embodiment, by providing the first power supply circuit 120, the second power supply circuit 130 and the control circuit 140, the power supply modes of a plurality of serially connected low-voltage batteries (for example, including silicon/tin negative lithium ion batteries) can be selected, specifically, the control circuit 140 can respectively select and control different power supply circuits to supply power according to the voltage section of the total voltage U of the battery unit 110, for example, when the total voltage U is large, the first power supply circuit 120 can be selected to supply power to the system to be powered 20 after performing voltage drop processing on the total voltage U, and when the total voltage U is small (for example, when two batteries are serially connected and then performing voltage drop processing cannot meet the power supply requirement of the system to be powered 20), the second power supply circuit 130 can be selected to directly supply power to the system to be powered 20, and the remaining capacity of the batteries can be utilized, so as to improve the utilization rate of the electric quantity of the batteries, meanwhile, the normal working voltage of the system to be powered 20 can be adaptively output under the condition that the hardware discharging architecture of the electronic equipment is not changed.
As shown in fig. 3, in one embodiment, the first power supply circuit 120 includes a voltage dropping circuit 121. Wherein the voltage-reducing circuit 121 may be configured to perform a first voltage-reducing conversion on the total voltage U of the battery unit 110 to output the same supply voltage as the voltage U of the single battery. If the number of the batteries of the battery unit 110 is N, where N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2, the voltage dropping circuit 121 has a voltage drop multiple of 1/N. The voltage drop multiple can be understood as a ratio of an output voltage of the voltage dropping circuit 121 to an incoming voltage.
In one embodiment, the voltage reduction circuit 121 may be a charge pump. The charge pump mainly comprises a switching device, and the heat generated when current flows through the switching device is very small and almost equal to the heat generated when the current directly passes through a wire, so that the charge pump is adopted as the voltage reduction circuit 121, not only can the voltage reduction effect be achieved, but also the heating is low.
In one embodiment, if the number of cells N is even, the voltage-reducing circuit 121 includes N/2 series half-voltage circuits. For example, if N is 2, the voltage-reducing circuit 121 may be a half-voltage circuit to reduce the total voltage U of the battery unit 110 by half to output a supply voltage equal to the single-cell voltage. If N is 4, the voltage-reducing circuit 121 may include two half-voltage circuits connected in series, and the total voltage U is reduced by half twice to output a supply voltage equal to the voltage of a single battery. In this embodiment, a half-voltage circuit is used as the voltage-reducing circuit 121 to improve the conversion efficiency of voltage reduction.
In one embodiment, if the number N of cells is odd, the voltage-reducing circuit 121 includes a half-voltage circuit and a charge pump connected in series. The number of the half-voltage circuits may be set according to the voltage drop multiple of the charge pump, and is not further limited in the embodiment of the present application.
As shown in fig. 3, in one embodiment, the control circuit 140 includes a voltage detection unit 141, a control unit 142, and a switching unit 143. The control unit 142 is connected to the voltage detection unit 141, the control unit 142, and the switch unit 143 is further connected to the first power supply circuit 120 and the second power supply circuit 130. The voltage detection unit 141 may be used to detect the total voltage U of the battery unit 110 and also to detect the voltage of each battery cell in the battery unit 110. Specifically, the voltage detection unit 141 may include a sampling resistor to realize the collection processing of the total voltage U of the battery unit 110.
In one embodiment, the switch unit 143 may include a single switch such as a single pole double throw switch. The fixed end of the single-pole double-throw switch is connected to the control unit 142, and the two moving ends of the single-pole double-throw switch are respectively connected to the first power supply circuit 120 and the second power supply circuit 130. The single-pole double-throw switch can selectively conduct the power supply path between the first power supply circuit 120 and the battery unit 110 under the control of the control unit 142, and can also selectively conduct the power supply path between the first power supply circuit 120 and the battery unit 110.
Alternatively, the switching unit 143 may also include a plurality of switches, for example, a first switch S1 and a second switch S2. The first switch S1 is connected in series to the power supply path of the first power supply circuit 120, and the second switch S2 is connected in series to the power supply path of the second power supply circuit 130. The control unit 142 controls the conductive states of the first switch S1 and the second switch S2 according to the received total voltage U of the battery cell 110. Specifically, the switch types of the first switch S1 and the second switch S2 may be single-pole single-throw switches, electronic switch tubes, or the like. Illustratively, the electronic switching tube may be a diode, a triode, a MOS tube, or the like. In the embodiment of the present application, the number and types of switches included in the switch unit 143 are not limited.
The control unit 142 may receive the total voltage U output by the voltage detection unit 141, and generate a corresponding control signal according to the total voltage U to control the on/off of the switch unit 143. Specifically, the control unit 142 may include a controller having a simple arithmetic processing function, such as an MCU or a CPU. The controller may correspond to the total voltage U of the memory cell 110 and the control signal. For example, the control unit 142 may control the first switch S1 to be turned on and the second switch S2 to be turned off when the total voltage U, U > 6.8V, so that the first power supply path converts the total voltage U of the battery unit 110 into the power supply voltage of the system to be powered 20, so that the power supply voltage is equal to the voltage U of a single battery. The control unit 142 may control the second switch S2 to be turned on and the first switch S1 to be turned off when the total voltage U, is less than or equal to 4.5V and the single battery voltage U is greater than or equal to 3.2V, so that the second power supply path directly outputs the total voltage U of the battery unit 110 as the power supply voltage of the system 20 to be powered.
Optionally, the control unit 142 may further include a comparator and a digital logic circuit, wherein a positive input terminal of the comparator is connected to the voltage detection unit 141, a negative input terminal of the comparator is configured to receive the first threshold, for example, 6.8V, and an output terminal of the comparator is connected to the first switch. The comparator can control the first switch to be conducted when U is larger than 6.8V. One end of the digital logic circuit is connected to the voltage detection unit 141, and the other end of the digital logic circuit is configured to receive a second threshold, for example, 4.5V; the further end of the digital logic circuit is arranged to receive a third threshold, e.g. 3.2V; the output end of the digital logic circuit is connected with the second switch. The digital logic circuit can control the second switch to be conducted when U is less than or equal to 4.5V and the voltage U of a single battery is greater than or equal to 3.2V.
It should be noted that the control unit 142 of the embodiment of the present application is not limited to the above-mentioned illustration of the control unit 142.
As shown in fig. 4, in one embodiment, the power supply apparatus further includes a third power supply circuit 150 connected in parallel with the second power supply circuit 130. That is, the first power supply circuit 120, the second power supply circuit 130, and the third power supply circuit 150 are connected in parallel with each other. The third power supply circuit 150 is configured to perform a second voltage reduction conversion on the total voltage U of the battery unit 110 to output a power supply voltage suitable for the system to be powered 20. The voltage drop multiple of the third power supply circuit 150 is smaller than that of the first power supply circuit 120. Specifically, the third power supply circuit 150 may include a Buck circuit. In this embodiment, the control circuit 140 may be connected to the first power supply circuit 120, the second power supply circuit 130, and the third power supply circuit, respectively, and may be configured to select and turn on a power supply path where any one of the three power supply circuits is located according to the total voltage U of the battery unit 110. Specifically, the control circuit 140 may control the power supply circuit where the third power supply circuit 150 is located to be turned on when the total voltage U of the battery unit 110 is greater than or equal to the second threshold and is less than or equal to the first threshold.
For example, if the total voltage U of the battery unit 110 is greater than or equal to U and less than or equal to 6.8V (e.g., the voltage of one battery is 3.2V and the voltage of one battery is 3.4V), the control circuit 140 may control the power supply paths where the first power supply circuit 120 and the second power supply circuit 130 are located to be disconnected, and control the power supply path where the third power supply circuit 150 is located to be turned on, so that the third power supply path steps down the total voltage U of the battery unit 110 to a power supply voltage of 3.4V or higher, thereby supplying power to the system to be powered 20. If the total voltage U, U of the battery unit 110 is greater than 6.8V, the control circuit 140 may only control the power supply path where the first power supply circuit 120 is located to be turned on, and the power supply paths where the other power supply circuits are located to be turned off, so that the first power supply path converts the total voltage U of the battery unit 110 into the power supply voltage of the system to be powered 20, so that the power supply voltage is equal to the voltage U of a single battery. If the total voltage U of the battery unit 110 is less than or equal to 4.5V and the single battery voltage U is greater than or equal to 3.2V, the control circuit 140 may only control the power supply path where the second power supply circuit 130 is located to be turned on, and the power supply paths where the other power supply circuits are located to be turned off, so that the second power supply path directly outputs the total voltage U of the battery unit 110 as the power supply voltage of the system to be powered 20.
It should be noted that, when the power supply apparatus includes the first power supply circuit 120, the second power supply circuit 130, and the third power supply circuit 150, the switch unit 143 and the control unit 142 in the control circuit 140 are also adaptively adjusted, and the switch unit 143 can selectively turn on the power supply path where any one of the three power supply circuits is located under the control of the control unit 142.
The power supply device in this embodiment may select a power supply mode of the plurality of serially connected low-voltage batteries by providing three power supply circuits, and specifically, the control circuit 140 may select and control the corresponding power supply circuit to supply power according to a voltage segment of the total voltage U of the battery unit 110. On the basis of the foregoing embodiment, the power supply device can also avoid the situation that the voltage U of a single battery in the battery unit 110 is smaller than the shutdown voltage, that is, when the voltage U of a single battery in the battery unit 110 is smaller than the shutdown voltage, the shutdown is not directly performed, but the total voltage U of the battery unit 110 is converted into the power supply voltage capable of being used by the system to be powered 20 through the second power supply circuit 130, so that the power can be continuously supplied to the system to be powered 20, and the remaining capacity of the battery can be utilized, so as to improve the utilization rate of the battery capacity.
As shown in fig. 5 and 6, in one embodiment, the power supply apparatus further includes a fourth power supply circuit 160 connected in parallel with the first power supply circuit 120 on the basis of any one of the foregoing embodiments. Wherein, each power supply circuit in the power supply device is connected in parallel. The fourth power supply circuit 160 is configured to boost and convert the total voltage U of the battery unit 110. That is, when the total voltage U of the battery unit 110 is not sufficient to supply power to the system to be powered 20 but is higher than the discharge cutoff voltage of each battery cell in the battery unit 110, the fourth power supply circuit 160 may perform a boosting process on the total voltage U of the battery unit 110 to output a power supply voltage suitable for supplying the system to be powered 20. In this embodiment, the control circuit 140 of the power supply device may be connected to the fourth power supply circuit 160, and configured to select and turn on the power supply path of any power supply circuit according to the total voltage U of the battery unit 110. Specifically, the control circuit 140 may control the power supply circuit where the fourth power supply circuit 160 is located to be turned on when the total voltage U of the battery unit 110 is equal to or greater than a fourth threshold value (for example, the discharge cutoff voltage 1V of the battery cell) and equal to or less than a fifth threshold value (for example, the discharge cutoff voltage 3.2V of the battery cell). It should be noted that the fourth threshold value and the fifth threshold value may be set according to the type of the battery included in the battery unit 110.
For example, if the total voltage U of the battery unit 110 is greater than or equal to U and less than or equal to 3.2V, the control circuit 140 may control all the power supply paths where the first power supply circuit 120, the second power supply circuit 130, and the third power supply circuit 150 are located to be turned off, and at the same time, control the power supply path where the fourth power supply circuit 160 is located to be turned on, so that the fourth power supply path boosts the total voltage U of the battery unit 110 to a power supply voltage of 3.4V or more, and supplies power to the system to be powered 20. The conducting states of the first power supply circuit 120, the second power supply circuit 130, and the third power supply circuit 150 can refer to the description of the foregoing embodiments, and are not repeated herein. In addition, the power supply device in the embodiment of the application only conducts the power supply path where one power supply circuit is located at the same time.
It should be noted that, when the power supply apparatus further includes the fourth power supply circuit 160, the switch unit 143 and the control unit 142 in the control circuit 140 are also adaptively adjusted, and the switch unit 143 can selectively turn on or off the power supply path where the fourth power supply circuit 160 is located under the control of the control unit 142.
The power supply device in this embodiment can select the power supply mode of a plurality of series-connected low-voltage batteries by setting a plurality of power supply circuits, specifically, the control circuit 140 can respectively select and control different power supply circuits to supply power according to the voltage segment of the total voltage U of the battery unit 110, and can utilize the residual capacity of the batteries to improve the utilization rate of the battery power. In addition, by providing the fourth power supply circuit 160, even if the total voltage U of the battery unit 110 is reduced to 3.2V, the remaining power of the battery with the discharge cutoff voltage smaller than 3.2V can be fully utilized by the fourth power supply circuit 160, and the utilization rate of the battery power is further improved.
In one embodiment, the control circuit 140 is further configured to control each power supply path to be disconnected to stop supplying power to the system to be powered 20 when the discharge voltage of the battery is smaller than a preset threshold, so as to protect the battery unit 110. Wherein the preset threshold is associated with a minimum discharge cutoff voltage of each battery in the battery unit 110. If the battery unit 110 includes a plurality of silicon negative lithium ion batteries connected in series, the preset threshold may be 3.2V; if the battery unit 110 includes at least one tin negative electrode lithium ion battery, the preset threshold may be 2.0V.
As shown in fig. 7, in one embodiment, on the basis of any of the foregoing embodiments, the power supply device further includes a charging interface 101 and a charging circuit 102. The charging interface 101 is configured to be connected to an external charging device to receive a charging signal of the external charging device. Specifically, the charging device may be an adapter, an earphone, a mouse, a keyboard, a power bank, or the like. The charging interface 101 may be, but is not limited to, a USB Type-C interface, a Micro USB interface, or a Lightning interface.
And a charging circuit 102 connected to the charging interface 101 for converting the charging signal output by the charging device into a charging signal suitable for charging the battery unit 110.
Specifically, the charging circuit 102 may include a direct charging circuit 102a and a boost charging circuit 102b (e.g., boost circuit). If the adapter connected to the charging interface 101 is a standard adapter, the direct charging circuit 102a may be selected to charge the battery unit 110. The standard adapter can support direct charging of two batteries connected in series, namely, the adapter can output 10V voltage at maximum. If the adapter is a normal adapter, for example, 5V1A or 5V2A adapters, the boost charging circuit 102b charges the battery cell 110 when the direct charging of the two batteries connected in series cannot be supported.
The embodiment of the present application further provides an electronic device, which may include the power supply device in any of the above embodiments. The electronic device may be any terminal device such as a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a PDA (Personal Digital Assistant), a POS (Point of Sales), a vehicle-mounted computer, and a wearable device. By arranging the power supply device in the electronic device, the power supply mode of the plurality of low-voltage batteries connected in series can be selected, specifically, the control circuit 140 can respectively select and control different power supply circuits to supply power according to the voltage section of the total voltage U of the battery unit 110, for example, when the total voltage U is large, the first power supply circuit 120 can be selected to supply power to the system to be powered 20 of the electronic device after the voltage drop processing is performed on the total voltage U; when the total voltage U is small (for example, the two batteries are connected in series and then the voltage is reduced, which may not meet the power supply requirement of the system 20 to be powered), the second power supply circuit 130 may be selected to directly supply power to the system 20 to be powered, and the remaining capacity of the battery may be utilized, so as to improve the utilization rate of the battery power, and meanwhile, the normal working voltage of the system 20 to be powered may be adaptively output without changing the hardware discharging architecture of the electronic device.
The above examples only express several embodiments of the present application, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present application. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, which falls within the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (11)
1. A power supply device, comprising:
the battery unit comprises a plurality of batteries connected in series, wherein the discharge cut-off voltage of at least one battery is smaller than that of the graphite cathode lithium ion battery;
the second end of the first power supply circuit is connected with a system to be powered, and is used for converting the total voltage of the battery unit into a power supply voltage suitable for the system to be powered;
the second power supply circuit is connected with the first power supply circuit in parallel and used for directly transmitting the total voltage of the battery unit to the system to be powered so as to supply power to the system to be powered;
and the control circuit is respectively connected with the battery unit, the first end of the first power supply circuit and the first end of the second power supply circuit and is used for selectively conducting a power supply path where the first power supply circuit or the second power supply circuit is located according to the total voltage of the battery unit.
2. The power supply device according to claim 1, wherein the first power supply circuit includes:
and the voltage reduction circuit is used for carrying out first voltage reduction conversion on the total voltage so as to output the same power supply voltage as the voltage of the single battery.
3. The power supply device according to claim 2, wherein the voltage-reducing circuit comprises a half-voltage circuit, or wherein the voltage-reducing circuit comprises a half-voltage circuit and a Buck circuit connected in series.
4. The power supply device according to claim 1, characterized by further comprising:
the third power supply circuit is connected with the second power supply circuit in parallel and used for carrying out second voltage reduction conversion on the total voltage of the battery units so as to output power supply voltage suitable for the system to be powered; wherein,
the control circuit is also connected with the third power supply circuit and used for selectively conducting a power supply path where any power supply circuit is located according to the total voltage of the battery unit; wherein the voltage drop multiple of the third power supply circuit is smaller than that of the first power supply circuit.
5. The power supply device according to claim 1 or 4, characterized by further comprising:
the fourth power supply circuit is connected with the first power supply circuit in parallel and used for performing boost conversion on the total voltage of the battery unit so as to output a power supply voltage suitable for the system to be powered;
the control circuit is further connected with the fourth power supply circuit and used for selectively conducting a power supply path where any power supply circuit is located according to the total voltage of the battery unit.
6. The power supply device according to claim 1, wherein the control circuit comprises:
the voltage detection unit is connected with the battery unit and used for detecting the total voltage of the battery unit;
the control unit is connected with the voltage detection unit and used for generating a control signal according to the total voltage;
and the switch unit is respectively connected with the control unit and each power supply circuit and is used for selectively conducting the power supply path where any power supply circuit is positioned under the control of the control signal.
7. The power supply device according to claim 6, wherein the switch unit comprises a single-pole multi-throw switch, wherein a stationary end of the single-pole multi-throw switch is connected with one end of the battery unit, and each movable end of the single-pole multi-throw switch is correspondingly connected with one power supply circuit; or, the switch unit includes a plurality of switch devices, and one switch device is correspondingly arranged on each power supply path.
8. The power supply device according to claim 1, wherein the control circuit is further configured to control each power supply path to be disconnected when a discharge voltage of the battery is smaller than a preset threshold.
9. The power supply device according to claim 1, wherein the battery unit includes at least one of a tin negative electrode lithium ion battery and a silicon negative electrode lithium ion battery.
10. The power supply device according to claim 1, characterized by further comprising:
a charging interface for connecting with a charging device,
and the charging circuit is connected with the charging interface and used for converting the charging signal output by the charging device into a charging signal suitable for charging the battery unit.
11. An electronic device, comprising: the power supply apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 10.
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| CN202120379007.4U CN214479704U (en) | 2021-02-19 | 2021-02-19 | Power supply device and electronic apparatus |
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| CN202120379007.4U CN214479704U (en) | 2021-02-19 | 2021-02-19 | Power supply device and electronic apparatus |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115051441A (en) * | 2022-06-28 | 2022-09-13 | Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 | Charging and discharging circuit, charging and discharging control method and electronic equipment |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115051441A (en) * | 2022-06-28 | 2022-09-13 | Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 | Charging and discharging circuit, charging and discharging control method and electronic equipment |
| WO2024001088A1 (en) * | 2022-06-28 | 2024-01-04 | Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 | Charging and discharging circuit, charging and discharging control method, and electronic device |
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