CN214437765U - Equipment for separating sodium and potassium salts in high-temperature melting flue gas of waste incineration fly ash - Google Patents
Equipment for separating sodium and potassium salts in high-temperature melting flue gas of waste incineration fly ash Download PDFInfo
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- CN214437765U CN214437765U CN202120312514.6U CN202120312514U CN214437765U CN 214437765 U CN214437765 U CN 214437765U CN 202120312514 U CN202120312514 U CN 202120312514U CN 214437765 U CN214437765 U CN 214437765U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a sodium potassium salt splitter in waste incineration flying dust high temperature melting flue gas, equipment includes desalination dust collector: used for carrying out desalination, denitration and dust removal on the discharged incineration flue gas; flue gas deacidification device: the device is used for deacidifying the flue gas, a spraying device is arranged on the flue gas deacidification device, the spraying device is used for spraying the flue gas to dissolve sodium salt and sylvite into spraying water to obtain a dissolved solution, and the rest tail gas is discharged; a solid-liquid separation device: the device is communicated with a flue gas deacidification device and is used for carrying out solid-liquid separation on a dissolved solution, enabling a raw material solution dissolving sodium salt and sylvite to flow into an evaporation crystallization device through a pipeline, and collecting and discharging insoluble impurities; an evaporation crystallization device: is communicated with a solid-liquid separation device through a pipeline and is used for carrying out evaporation crystallization on the raw material liquid to separate sodium salt and sylvite. The device and the method are used for sorting the sodium and potassium salts in the flue gas, so that the emission is reduced, the flue gas is recycled, and considerable economic benefits are generated.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a waste incineration flying dust high temperature melting technical field, concretely relates to sodium potassium salt splitter in waste incineration flying dust high temperature melting flue gas.
Background
With the development of society, the quality of life of people is better and better, and along with the generation of a large amount of waste incineration fly ash, the waste incineration fly ash treatment methods commonly used at present have the following two types: one is to adopt the landfill technology of the fly ash of the waste incineration, however, with the gradual reduction of the urban land, people are also looking for the scheme of replacing the landfill technology of the fly ash of the waste incineration; the other mode is to burn the fly ash from the incineration of the household garbage, the fly ash from the incineration of the household garbage generates a large amount of toxic gas during the incineration, and the fly ash from the incineration of the household garbage has various types, and the density, shape, chemical property and melting special effect of combustible materials in the fly ash are different, so that many combustible materials in the common incineration mode can not be fully melted, and a large amount of black smoke and harmful gas are generated while the combustible materials are not fully melted, thereby polluting the atmosphere and being harmful to the health of human beings. Meanwhile, the generated waste incineration fly ash is rich in dioxin, heavy metal and other hazards, and the dioxin in the fly ash can be decomposed and most heavy metal can be solidified through melting treatment.
When the waste incineration fly ash is subjected to melting treatment, smoke is generated and discharged, the smoke often contains a lot of sodium chloride and potassium chloride, and the smoke has considerable economic value if being taken as a product, and is wasted if being directly discharged, but the smoke is difficult to separate the two by dust removal and collection. Therefore, an apparatus or method is needed for sorting and recycling potassium chloride and sodium chloride in the flue gas.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In view of this, the utility model aims to solve the problem that a sodium potassium salt splitter is provided in waste incineration flying dust high temperature melting flue gas, uses the device to carry out the sodium potassium salt to the flue gas and selects separately, reduces to discharge and recycle, produces considerable economic benefits.
The utility model discloses an above-mentioned technical problem is solved to following technical means: the utility model provides a sodium sylvite splitter in msw incineration flying dust high temperature melting flue gas, including desalination dust collector: the device is communicated with a smoke outlet of a waste incineration fly ash fusion treatment device through a pipeline and is used for desalting, denitrating and dedusting the discharged incineration smoke;
flue gas deacidification device: the device is connected with a desalting and dedusting device through a pipeline and is used for deacidifying the flue gas, a spraying device is arranged on the flue gas deacidification device, the flue gas is sprayed through the spraying device, so that sodium salt and sylvite are dissolved in spraying water to obtain a dissolved solution, and the residual tail gas is discharged outside;
a solid-liquid separation device: the device is communicated with a flue gas deacidification device and is used for carrying out solid-liquid separation on a dissolved solution, enabling a raw material solution dissolving sodium salt and sylvite to flow into an evaporation crystallization device through a pipeline, and collecting and discharging insoluble impurities;
an evaporation crystallization device: is communicated with a solid-liquid separation device through a pipeline and is used for carrying out evaporation crystallization on the raw material liquid to separate sodium salt and sylvite.
Further, still include exhaust-heat boiler, exhaust-heat boiler sets up between desalination dust collector and flue gas deacidification device, exhaust-heat boiler is used for retrieving the flue gas and preheats the steam that produces and supply as the steam of evaporation crystallization device.
And the device further comprises a dissolving and precipitating device, wherein the dissolving and precipitating device is arranged between the solid-liquid separation device and the flue gas deacidification device, and is used for dissolving the solid sodium salt and the solid potassium salt separated in the desalting and denitration device into a dissolving solution.
Further, a PH detection device and a PH adjusting device are arranged in the dissolving and precipitating device.
Further, the evaporative crystallization device comprises a preheater, an evaporator, a separator and a compressor, the preheater is communicated with the solid-liquid separation device through a feed pump and a feed pipe and is used for preheating raw material liquid, the evaporator is communicated with the preheater and is used for evaporating the preheated raw material liquid, the evaporator, the separator and the compressor sequentially form a circulation loop through pipeline communication to enable secondary steam generated by evaporation in the separator to enter the compressor and enter the evaporator for heat exchange after being converted by the compressor, an outlet of the separator is connected with a first thickener, the first thickener is communicated with a first centrifugal machine and a second thickener respectively, and the second thickener is communicated with a second centrifugal machine.
Further, the evaporative crystallization device further comprises a single evaporation device, wherein a leaching tank is arranged on the single evaporation device, and the single evaporation device is communicated with a second centrifugal machine.
Further, the evaporative crystallization device is communicated with the spraying device through a pipeline, and a condensate pump is arranged between the evaporative crystallization device and the spraying device and used for recycling condensate generated by the evaporative crystallization device.
According to the above technical scheme, the beneficial effects of the utility model are that: the utility model provides a sodium potassium salt splitter in waste incineration flying dust high temperature melting flue gas, equipment includes desalination dust collector: the device is communicated with a smoke outlet of a waste incineration fly ash fusion treatment device through a pipeline and is used for desalting, denitrating and dedusting the discharged incineration smoke; flue gas deacidification device: the device is connected with a desalting and dedusting device through a pipeline and is used for deacidifying the flue gas, a spraying device is arranged on the flue gas deacidification device, the flue gas is sprayed through the spraying device, so that sodium salt and sylvite are dissolved in spraying water to obtain a dissolved solution, and the residual tail gas is discharged outside; a solid-liquid separation device: the device is communicated with a flue gas deacidification device and is used for carrying out solid-liquid separation on a dissolved solution, enabling a raw material solution dissolving sodium salt and sylvite to flow into an evaporation crystallization device through a pipeline, and collecting and discharging insoluble impurities; an evaporation crystallization device: is communicated with a solid-liquid separation device through a pipeline and is used for carrying out evaporation crystallization on the raw material liquid to separate sodium salt and sylvite. The device and the method are used for sorting the sodium and potassium salts in the flue gas, so that the emission is reduced, the flue gas is recycled, and considerable economic benefits are generated.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments or the technical solutions in the prior art will be briefly described below. Throughout the drawings, like elements or portions are generally identified by like reference numerals. In the drawings, elements or portions are not necessarily drawn to scale.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a separation apparatus for sodium and potassium salts in high temperature molten flue gas of waste incineration fly ash provided by the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an evaporative crystallization device of a separation apparatus for sodium and potassium salts in high-temperature molten flue gas of waste incineration fly ash provided by the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of an evaporative crystallization method of the apparatus for separating sodium and potassium salts from high temperature molten flue gas of waste incineration fly ash provided by the present invention;
reference numerals:
1-a desalting and dedusting device; 2-a waste heat boiler; 3-a flue gas deacidification device; 4-dissolving and precipitating device; 5-a solid-liquid separation device; 6-an evaporative crystallization device; 61-a preheater; 62-an evaporator; 63-a compressor; 64-a separator; 65-first thickener; 66-a first centrifuge; 67-second thickener; 68-a second centrifuge; 69-single steaming device; 691-leaching tank.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and therefore are only examples, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.
Referring to fig. 1-3, the utility model provides a sodium potassium salt splitter in waste incineration flying ash high temperature melting flue gas, including desalination dust collector 1: the device is communicated with a smoke outlet of a waste incineration fly ash fusion treatment device through a pipeline and is used for desalting, denitrating and dedusting the discharged incineration smoke; the flue gas is discharged from the smoke outlet and then is conveyed into the desalting and dedusting device 1 through a pipeline for desalting and dedusting; the desalting and dedusting device 1 is internally provided with a deduster and an SCR reactor for denitration reaction in sequence, and is used for dedusting and denitration respectively and collecting miscellaneous salt.
Flue gas deacidification device 3: the flue gas deacidification device 3 is provided with a spraying device, and the spraying device is used for spraying the flue gas to dissolve sodium salt and sylvite into spraying water to obtain a dissolved solution, and discharging the residual tail gas; the flue gas deacidification device 3 comprises a tower drum, wherein an upper end enclosure with an exhaust pipe is arranged at the top of the tower drum, a lower end enclosure with an air inlet pipe is arranged at the bottom of the tower drum, a spraying liquid taking port is arranged on the side wall of the tower drum, and a spraying pipeline system with a spraying pump is arranged outside the tower drum; the inside riser that communicates in the intake pipe that is equipped with, riser upper end be equipped with inside intercommunication and have the gas distribution awl of gas distribution hole, the top of gas distribution awl is equipped with the baffling cap, the top of baffling cap is equipped with the foam and takes place the cover, the top that the cover was taken place to the foam is equipped with the cloth liquid system, cloth liquid system top is equipped with defoaming system, defoaming system's top is equipped with the defroster, low head below be equipped with the drain.
Solid-liquid separation device 5: the device is communicated with the flue gas deacidification device 3 and is used for carrying out solid-liquid separation on the dissolved solution, leading the raw material solution dissolving sodium salt and sylvite to flow into an evaporation crystallization device 6 through a pipeline, and collecting and discharging insoluble impurities;
the evaporative crystallization device 6: is communicated with a solid-liquid separation device 5 through a pipeline and is used for carrying out evaporation crystallization on the raw material liquid to separate sodium salt and sylvite. The evaporative crystallization device 6 adopts an MVR evaporation mode, secondary steam generated by compression and evaporation of the high-energy-efficiency steam compressor 63 is used for converting a computer into heat energy, the enthalpy of the secondary steam is improved, and the secondary steam with the improved heat energy is pumped into the evaporator 62 for heating so as to achieve the purpose of realizing evaporative crystallization by recycling the existing heat energy of the secondary steam through self-circulation of the evaporator 62. Energy and condensed water are saved, and meanwhile, the occupied area is reduced.
As a further improvement to the above technical scheme, the system further comprises a waste heat boiler 2, wherein the waste heat boiler 2 is arranged between the desalting and dedusting device 1 and the flue gas deacidification device 3, and the waste heat boiler 2 is used for recovering flue gas and preheating the generated steam to supplement the steam of the evaporation and crystallization device 6. The incineration flue gas temperature after desalination and dust removal exceeds 350 ℃, a large amount of heat waste can be caused by directly entering the flue gas deacidification device 3, and the manufacturing cost of rear-end equipment can be greatly improved. A preheating recovery boiler is arranged in front of the deacidification device, steam generated by recovery and preheating is used as steam supplement of the rear-end evaporation crystallization device 6, energy is effectively utilized, and direct economic benefits are generated. The gas outlet of the waste heat boiler 2 is communicated with the flue gas deacidification device 3, and the steam outlet of the waste heat boiler 2 is communicated with the evaporative crystallization device 6 for steam supplement. The steam outlet of the waste heat boiler 2 can also be connected with a generator to generate electricity.
As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the device further comprises a dissolving and precipitating device 4, wherein the dissolving and precipitating device 4 is arranged between the solid-liquid separation device 5 and the flue gas deacidification device 3, and the dissolving and precipitating device 4 is used for dissolving the solid sodium salt and the solid potassium salt separated in the desalting and denitration device into the dissolving solution. And a dissolving and precipitating device 4 is arranged, and the spray water after deacidification of the flue gas is used for dissolving the miscellaneous salt obtained in the desalting and dedusting process, so that the sodium and potassium salts in the miscellaneous salt can be conveniently and synchronously separated and crystallized. The water consumption is reduced, and the energy is saved.
As a further improvement to the technical scheme, a PH detection device and a PH adjusting device are arranged in the dissolving and precipitating device 4.
As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the evaporative crystallization device 6 includes a preheater 61, an evaporator 62, a separator 64, and a compressor 63, the preheater 61 is communicated with the solid-liquid separation device 5 through a feed pump and a feed pipe, and is used for preheating the raw material liquid, the evaporator 62 is communicated with the preheater 61, and is used for evaporating the preheated raw material liquid, the evaporator 62, the separator 64, and the compressor 63 are sequentially communicated through a pipeline to form a circulation loop, so that the secondary steam generated by evaporation in the separator 64 enters the compressor 63, is converted by the compressor 63, and then enters the evaporator 62 for heat exchange, an outlet of the separator 64 is connected with a first thickener 65, the first thickener 65 is respectively communicated with a first centrifuge 66 and a second thickener 67, and the second thickener 67 is communicated with a second centrifuge 68. The raw material liquid after solid-liquid separation enters a preheater 61 through a feed pump to be preheated and then is transferred into an evaporator 62 and a separator 64, then the raw material liquid is pumped into the evaporator 62 through a circulating pump to continuously circulate to achieve the purpose of rice steaming concentration and crystallization, meanwhile, secondary steam generated by rice steaming in the separator 64 enters a compressor 63, and is converted into high-grade steam after being compressed by the compressor 63 to enter the evaporator 62 for heat exchange. Meanwhile, compressed steam enters the evaporator 62 to release heat and then condensed water in a condensation layer is discharged to the preheater 61 through a condensed water pump to exchange heat with feed, and the condensed water after heat exchange is discharged into a spraying device to be recycled as spraying water, so that energy is saved. The connecting pipeline between the adjacent devices is respectively provided with a circulating pump or a raw material pump for driving the circulation of the flue gas or the raw material liquid, wherein the circulating pump is used for driving the circulation of the raw material, for example, the circulating pump is arranged between the heater and the separator so as to make the raw material circularly flow.
The potassium chloride solubility is obviously recorded along with the temperature change and is higher, during evaporation concentration, the evaporation concentration is firstly carried out until solid is separated out, at the moment, the separated-out solid is sodium chloride, the concentration is continuously carried out until the concentration is close to the saturation point of the potassium chloride, the mixture is discharged out of the system and enters a first thickener 65 for thickening, and sodium chloride crystals are separated out through a first centrifuge 66 to obtain sodium chloride; the centrifuged mother liquor enters a second thickener 67, and is cooled by using circulating water, potassium chloride crystals are separated out from the solution and enter a second centrifuge 68 to be separated out, and the mother liquor after twice centrifugation is preheated after returning to the front end and mixing with the stock solution and then returns to the evaporative crystallization device 6 to be continuously evaporated.
As a further improvement to the above technical solution, the evaporative crystallization apparatus 6 further includes a single evaporation apparatus 69, the single evaporation apparatus 69 is provided with a leaching tank 691, and the single evaporation apparatus 69 is communicated with the second centrifuge 68. In the operation process of the evaporation system, high-boiling-point substances such as nitrate, sulfite and the like brought by spraying wastewater can be continuously concentrated and exceed the temperature rise of the compressor 63, a set of single evaporation device 69 is arranged for treating high-boiling-point mother liquor, part of high-temperature mother liquor is periodically discharged and treated in the single evaporation device 69, and miscellaneous salts are removed through the leaching tank 691, so that zero discharge of wastewater is realized.
As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the evaporative crystallization device 6 is further communicated with a spray device through a pipeline, and a condensate pump is arranged between the evaporative crystallization device 6 and the spray device for recycling condensate generated by the evaporative crystallization device 6.
The utility model also provides a sorting method based on sodium potassium salt splitter in waste incineration flying dust high temperature melting flue gas, including following step:
s1, conveying incineration flue gas discharged from a smoke outlet of the waste incineration fly ash melting treatment device into a desalting and dedusting device 1 through a pipeline, desalting, denitrating and dedusting through a filter screen, introducing the filtered flue gas into a flue gas deacidification device 3, and collecting filtered miscellaneous salts and adding the collected miscellaneous salts into a dissolving and precipitating device 4;
s2, introducing the filtered flue gas into a flue gas deacidification device 3 for spray deacidification to dissolve sodium salt and potassium salt into water, then discharging tail gas, and pumping the dissolved solution into a dissolving and precipitating device 4 through a liquid pump to dissolve miscellaneous salts to form a dissolved solution;
s3, introducing the dissolved solution into a solid-liquid separation device 5 for solid-liquid separation, and discharging insoluble impurities in the dissolved solution out of the residual raw material solution;
s4, introducing the raw material liquid into an evaporative crystallization device 6 for evaporative crystallization; s41, feeding the raw material liquid into a preheater 61 through a feeding pump, preheating, feeding the raw material liquid into an evaporator 62 and a separator 64, and pumping the material into the evaporator 62 through a circulating pump for continuous circulation so as to carry out evaporation, concentration and crystallization;
s42, in the crystallization process, evaporating and concentrating to separate out solids, wherein the separated out solids are sodium chloride, concentrating to a potassium chloride saturation point, discharging the solids out of the system, allowing the solids to enter a first thickener 65 for thickening, separating sodium chloride crystals by using a first centrifuge 66, allowing the mother liquor centrifuged by the first centrifuge 66 to enter a second thickener 67 for separating out potassium chloride crystals, and allowing the mother liquor to enter a second centrifuge 68 for separating out potassium chloride crystals;
s43, periodically feeding the mother liquor after twice centrifugal separation into a single evaporator 69 to treat the high boiling point mother liquor, and filtering out crystallized miscellaneous salts through a leaching tank 691.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not substantially depart from the scope of the embodiments of the present invention, and are intended to be covered by the claims and the specification.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a sodium kali salt splitter in waste incineration flying ash high temperature melting flue gas which characterized in that: comprises that
A desalting and dust removing device: the device is communicated with a smoke outlet of a waste incineration fly ash fusion treatment device through a pipeline and is used for desalting, denitrating and dedusting the discharged incineration smoke;
flue gas deacidification device: the device is connected with a desalting and dedusting device through a pipeline and is used for deacidifying the flue gas, a spraying device is arranged on the flue gas deacidification device, the flue gas is sprayed through the spraying device, so that sodium salt and sylvite are dissolved in spraying water to obtain a dissolved solution, and the residual tail gas is discharged outside;
a solid-liquid separation device: the device is communicated with a flue gas deacidification device and is used for carrying out solid-liquid separation on a dissolved solution, enabling a raw material solution dissolving sodium salt and sylvite to flow into an evaporation crystallization device through a pipeline, and collecting and discharging insoluble impurities;
an evaporation crystallization device: is communicated with a solid-liquid separation device through a pipeline and is used for carrying out evaporation crystallization on the raw material liquid to separate sodium salt and sylvite.
2. The apparatus for separating sodium and potassium salts from high-temperature molten flue gas of waste incineration fly ash according to claim 1, characterized in that: still include exhaust-heat boiler, exhaust-heat boiler sets up between desalination dust collector and flue gas deacidification device, exhaust-heat boiler is used for retrieving the flue gas and preheats the steam that produces and supply as the steam of evaporation crystallization device.
3. The apparatus for separating sodium and potassium salts from high-temperature molten flue gas of waste incineration fly ash according to claim 1, characterized in that: the device also comprises a dissolving and precipitating device, wherein the dissolving and precipitating device is arranged between the solid-liquid separation device and the flue gas deacidification device, and is used for dissolving the solid sodium salt and the solid potassium salt separated in the desalting and denitration device into a dissolving solution.
4. The apparatus for separating sodium and potassium salts from high-temperature molten flue gas of waste incineration fly ash according to claim 3, characterized in that: and a PH detection device and a PH adjusting device are arranged in the dissolving and precipitating device.
5. The apparatus for separating sodium and potassium salts from high-temperature molten flue gas of waste incineration fly ash according to claim 1, characterized in that: the evaporative crystallization device comprises a preheater, an evaporator, a separator and a compressor, wherein the preheater is communicated with a solid-liquid separation device through a feed pump and a feed pipe and is used for preheating raw material liquid, the evaporator is communicated with the preheater and is used for evaporating the preheated raw material liquid, the evaporator, the separator and the compressor are sequentially communicated through a pipeline to form a circulation loop so that secondary steam generated by evaporation in the separator enters the compressor to be converted by the compressor and then enters the evaporator to exchange heat, an outlet of the separator is connected with a first thickener, the first thickener is communicated with a first centrifugal machine and a second thickener respectively, and the second thickener is communicated with a second centrifugal machine.
6. The apparatus for separating sodium and potassium salts from high-temperature molten flue gas of waste incineration fly ash according to claim 5, characterized in that: the evaporative crystallization device further comprises a single evaporation device, wherein a leaching tank is arranged on the single evaporation device, and the single evaporation device is communicated with the second centrifugal machine.
7. The apparatus for separating sodium and potassium salts from high-temperature molten flue gas of waste incineration fly ash according to claim 1, characterized in that: the evaporative crystallization device is also communicated with the spraying device through a pipeline, and a condensate pump is arranged between the evaporative crystallization device and the spraying device and used for recycling condensate water generated by the evaporative crystallization device.
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| CN202120312514.6U CN214437765U (en) | 2021-02-04 | 2021-02-04 | Equipment for separating sodium and potassium salts in high-temperature melting flue gas of waste incineration fly ash |
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| CN202120312514.6U CN214437765U (en) | 2021-02-04 | 2021-02-04 | Equipment for separating sodium and potassium salts in high-temperature melting flue gas of waste incineration fly ash |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112691509A (en) * | 2021-02-04 | 2021-04-23 | 高峰 | Equipment and method for separating sodium and potassium salts in high-temperature molten flue gas of waste incineration fly ash |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112691509A (en) * | 2021-02-04 | 2021-04-23 | 高峰 | Equipment and method for separating sodium and potassium salts in high-temperature molten flue gas of waste incineration fly ash |
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