CN214412262U - Protection circuit, circuit board and protection system - Google Patents
Protection circuit, circuit board and protection system Download PDFInfo
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- CN214412262U CN214412262U CN202023308445.6U CN202023308445U CN214412262U CN 214412262 U CN214412262 U CN 214412262U CN 202023308445 U CN202023308445 U CN 202023308445U CN 214412262 U CN214412262 U CN 214412262U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a protection circuit, a circuit board and a protection system, which comprises a first protection unit, a control unit and a second protection unit; the input end of the first protection unit is electrically connected with an external power supply, and the output end of the first protection unit is electrically connected with the input end of the control unit; the input end of the second protection unit is electrically connected with the output end of the control unit, and the output end of the second protection unit is electrically connected with the circuit for the circuit board; the external power supply is also electrically connected with the circuit board power utilization circuit; the control unit judges whether to output voltage to the second protection unit by detecting the undervoltage voltage and overvoltage voltage of the first protection unit, and the control unit can also judge whether to close the voltage output to protect the circuit for the circuit board by detecting the voltage of the second protection unit. The utility model discloses can be through the abnormal voltage among the detection circuitry with the protection power consumption circuit to the damage of circuit board has been avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a switching power supply field especially relates to a protection circuit, circuit board and protection system.
Background
When the electronic product is used, power is required to be supplied by the power supply, and when the output power supply of the power supply is unstable, a circuit board in the electronic product may be damaged, so that irreparable damage is caused to the electronic product. At present, in order to protect an electronic product as much as possible, an overvoltage protection circuit is usually disposed at a power supply end, so that when the power output is abnormal, the power output can be turned off through the overvoltage protection circuit to protect a circuit board of the electronic product. However, after the overvoltage protection circuit fails, the large voltage and current generated by the power supply end can be directly transmitted to the mainboard of the electronic product, which not only can cause serious damage to the electronic product, but also can damage the power utilization circuit.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model provides a protection circuit, circuit board and protection system, thereby abnormal voltage in the detection circuitry and closing voltage output protection power consumption circuit at any time, and then avoid damaging the circuit board.
In a first aspect, the present invention provides a protection circuit for a circuit board, the protection circuit including a first protection unit, a control unit and a second protection unit;
the input end of the first protection unit is electrically connected with an external power supply, and the output end of the first protection unit is electrically connected with the input end of the control unit;
the input end of the second protection unit is electrically connected with the output end of the control unit, and the output end of the second protection unit is electrically connected with the circuit for the circuit board;
the external power supply is also electrically connected with the circuit board power utilization circuit;
the control unit judges whether to output voltage to the second protection unit by detecting the undervoltage voltage and overvoltage voltage of the first protection unit, and the control unit can also judge whether to close the voltage output to protect the circuit for the circuit board by detecting the voltage of the second protection unit.
Further, the control unit comprises a first comparator, a second comparator and a first MOS tube;
the negative input end of the first comparator and the positive input end of the second comparator are both electrically connected with the output end of the first protection unit, the output ends of the first comparator and the second comparator are both electrically connected with the grid electrode of the first MOS tube, and the positive input end of the first comparator and the negative input end of the second comparator are both electrically connected with a reference voltage;
the source electrode of the first MOS tube is electrically connected with the output end of the first protection unit, and the drain electrode of the first MOS tube is electrically connected with the electric circuit for the circuit board;
the first comparator is used for detecting the undervoltage of the first protection unit, and the second comparator is used for detecting the overvoltage of the first protection unit.
Further, the first protection unit comprises a first resistor, a second resistor and a third resistor;
one end of the first resistor is electrically connected with the external power supply, and the other end of the first resistor is electrically connected with one end of the second resistor and the negative input end of the first comparator respectively;
the other end of the second resistor is electrically connected with the positive input end of the second comparator and one end of the third resistor respectively;
the other end of the third resistor is grounded.
Further, the control unit further comprises a third comparator and a second MOS transistor;
the negative input end of the third comparator is electrically connected with the input end of the second protection unit, the output end of the third comparator is electrically connected with the grid electrode of the second MOS tube, the source electrode of the second MOS tube is electrically connected with the control unit, and the drain electrode of the third comparator is electrically connected with the circuit for the circuit board.
Further, the second protection unit includes a fourth resistor and a fifth resistor;
one end of the fourth resistor is electrically connected with the electric circuit for the circuit board, the other end of the fourth resistor is electrically connected with the negative input end of the third comparator and one end of the fifth resistor respectively, and the other end of the fifth resistor is grounded.
Further, the protection circuit further comprises an early warning unit, wherein the input end of the early warning unit is electrically connected with the control unit, and the control unit can control the early warning unit to send out an early warning prompt.
Further, the early warning unit comprises a light emitting diode and a sixth resistor;
the input end of the light emitting diode is electrically connected with the control unit, the output end of the light emitting diode is electrically connected with one end of the sixth resistor, and the other end of the sixth resistor is grounded.
Furthermore, the protection circuit further comprises a seventh resistor, one end of the seventh resistor is electrically connected with the control unit, the other end of the seventh resistor is grounded, and the seventh resistor is used for limiting the current of the protection circuit.
In a second aspect, the present invention further provides a circuit board, which includes an electric circuit and any one of the above-mentioned protection circuits.
In a third aspect, the present invention further provides a protection system, which includes an external power source and the circuit board.
The utility model provides a protection circuit, circuit board and protection system can be when the voltage flow in the external power source is through first protection unit, carry out undervoltage detection and overvoltage detection through the control unit to first protection unit in order to judge whether allow voltage input second protection unit, and simultaneously, when voltage flows in circuit board power consumption circuit through second protection unit, can also monitor the voltage of second protection unit at any time, so that when the voltage in the second protection unit is unusual, close the voltage output to second protection unit, thereby can protect power consumption circuit in the whole use of electronic product, and then protection circuit board, avoid the damage of circuit board.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a protection circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a block diagram of a protection circuit according to another embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a circuit diagram of a protection circuit according to another embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a circuit diagram of a protection circuit according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
It will be understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising," when used in this specification and the appended claims, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof.
It is also to be understood that the terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used in the specification and the appended claims, the singular forms "a", "an", and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should be further understood that the term "and/or" as used in the specification and the appended claims refers to any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items, and includes such combinations.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a block diagram of a protection circuit provided by the present invention, which can prevent a MOS transistor from being erroneously turned on to avoid damage of the MOS transistor. The utility model provides a protection circuit 1 includes first protection unit 10, control unit 20 and second protection unit 30; the input end of the first protection unit 10 is electrically connected with an external power supply 40, and the output end thereof is electrically connected with the input end of the control unit 20; the input end of the second protection unit 30 is electrically connected to the output end of the control unit 20, and the output end thereof is electrically connected to the circuit board power circuit 50; the external power source 40 is also electrically connected with the circuit board power circuit 50; the control unit 20 determines whether to output the voltage to the second protection unit 30 by detecting the undervoltage and the overvoltage of the first protection unit 10, and the control unit 20 may also determine whether to turn off the voltage output to protect the power circuit 50 of the circuit board by detecting the voltage of the second protection unit 30.
The protection circuit 1 is disposed in the circuit board, and is specifically located between the external power source 40 and the circuit board power circuit 50, so that the voltage can be detected under-voltage and over-voltage before the voltage of the external power source 40 is input into the circuit board power circuit 50, so as to protect the circuit 1 and the circuit board power circuit. The first protection unit 10 is used for limiting the under-voltage protection and the overvoltage protection range of the circuit board, and is specifically set according to the working voltage of the circuit board, the control unit 20 is used for detecting the voltage of the first protection unit 10 to judge whether the voltage of the first protection unit 10 is in an under-voltage state, an overvoltage state or a normal state, when the voltage of the first protection unit 10 is in an abnormal voltage state such as the under-voltage state or the overvoltage state, the control unit 20 closes the output so that the voltage input by the external power supply 40 cannot enter the second protection unit 30 to protect the circuit for the circuit 1, and when the voltage of the first protection unit 10 is in the normal state, the control unit 20 opens the output so that the power supply of the external power supply 40 enters the second protection unit 30 to enter the circuit for the circuit board for the circuit to normally work. The second protection unit 30 is electrically connected to the output terminal of the control unit 20, as a second protection means, when the control unit 20 determines that the voltage in the first protection unit 10 is in a normal state, the output is turned on, so that the voltage of the external power source 40 enters the second protection unit 30 and further enters the circuit board 50, and when the voltage is abnormal in the process, the control unit 20 can also turn off the output to prevent the voltage in the external power source 40 from entering the second protection unit 30, thereby further protecting the circuit board 50. The control unit 20 respectively monitors the voltages of the first protection unit 10 and the second protection unit 30, so that the circuit board power utilization circuit 50 can be protected in the whole process, and the circuit board is prevented from being damaged, so that the electronic product is protected.
Referring to fig. 2, as a further embodiment, the control unit 20 includes a first comparator D1, a second comparator D2, and a first MOS transistor 21; a negative input terminal of the first comparator D1 and a positive input terminal of the second comparator D2 are electrically connected to an output terminal of the first protection unit 10, output terminals of the first comparator D1 and the second comparator D2 are electrically connected to the gate G of the first MOS transistor 21, and a positive input terminal of the first comparator D1 and a negative input terminal of the second comparator D2 are electrically connected to a reference voltage U; the source S of the first MOS transistor 21 is electrically connected to the output terminal of the first protection unit 10, and the drain D thereof is electrically connected to the circuit board power consumption circuit 50; the first comparator D1 is used for detecting the under-voltage of the first protection unit 10, and the second comparator D2 is used for detecting the over-voltage of the first protection unit 10.
The negative input terminal of the first comparator D1 is connected to the first protection unit 10 for detecting the voltage of the first protection unit 10 and comparing the detected voltage with the reference voltage U to determine whether the first protection unit 10 is under-voltage, and the positive input terminal of the second comparator D2 is connected to the first protection unit 10 for detecting the voltage of the first protection unit 10 and comparing the detected voltage with the reference voltage U to determine whether the voltage is over-voltage. Taking the reference voltage U as 0.99V for example, when the first comparator D1 detects that the voltage of the first protection unit 10 is lower than 0.99V, the first MOS transistor 21 is not conductive, thereby turning off the voltage output, when the second comparator D2 detects that the voltage of the first protection unit 10 is higher than the reference voltage U0.99V, the first MOS transistor 21 is also not conductive, and when the second comparator D2 detects that the voltage of the first protection unit 10 is lower than the reference voltage U0.99V, the control unit 20 can start the voltage output, i.e., when the second comparator D2 detects that the voltage of the first protection unit 10 is not greater than the reference voltage U0.99V, one of the conditions for turning on the output voltage is satisfied, when the first comparator D1 detects that the voltage of the first protection unit 10 is not lower than the reference voltage U0.99V, the other condition for turning on the output voltage is satisfied, and when the voltage of the first protection unit 10 is equal to the reference voltage U0.99V through the first comparator D1 and the second comparator D2, the first MOS transistor 21 is turned on so that the voltage of the external power source 40 can flow into the second protection unit 30.
As a further embodiment, the first protection unit 10 includes a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, and a third resistor R3; one end of the first resistor R1 is electrically connected to the external power source 40, and the other end thereof is electrically connected to one end of the second resistor R2 and the negative input terminal of the first comparator D1, respectively; the other end of the second resistor R2 is electrically connected to the positive input end of the second comparator D2 and one end of the third resistor R3, respectively; the other end of the third resistor R3 is grounded.
The first resistor R1, the second resistor R2, and the third resistor R3 are used for voltage division, and similarly, the voltage of 0.99V is used as the reference voltage U, VIN is used as the input voltage, and V1 is used as the undervoltage detection voltage, so that V1 ═ VIN (the resistance of the second resistor R2 + the resistance of the third resistor R3)/(the resistance of the first resistor R1 + the resistance of the second resistor R2 + the resistance of the third resistor R3). When V1 is less than 0.99V, the first MOS transistor 21 is not turned on, so that the voltage of the external power source 40 cannot be input to the second protection unit 30 and the electric circuit 50 for circuit board.
With V2 as the overvoltage detection voltage, V2 is VIN ═ the resistance of the third resistor R3/(the resistance of the first resistor R1 + the resistance of the second resistor R2 + the resistance of the third resistor R3). When V2 is equal to or greater than the reference voltage U0.99V, the first MOS transistor 21 is also not turned on, and when V2 is equal to or less than the reference voltage U0.99V and V1 is equal to or greater than the reference voltage U0.99V, the first MOS transistor 21 is turned on, so that the voltage of the external power source 40 can be input to the second protection unit 30 and the electric circuit 50 for a circuit board.
As a further embodiment, referring to fig. 3, the control unit 20 further includes a third comparator D3 and a second MOS transistor 22; the negative input terminal of the third comparator D3 is electrically connected to the input terminal of the second protection unit 30, the output terminal thereof is electrically connected to the gate G of the second MOS transistor 22, the source S of the second MOS transistor 22 is electrically connected to the control unit 20, and the drain D thereof is electrically connected to the circuit board power utilization circuit 50.
The negative input terminal of the third comparator D3 is connected to the second protection unit 30, and is used for detecting the voltage of the second protection unit 30 and comparing the detected voltage with the reference voltage U to determine whether the voltage of the second protection unit 30 is abnormal. When the voltage in the second protection unit 30 is lower than the reference voltage U, the third comparator D3 outputs a high level to the second MOS transistor 22, so that the source S and the gate G of the second MOS transistor 22 are connected, and the source S and the drain D are disconnected, thereby interrupting the voltage input to the electric circuit 50 for circuit board.
As a further embodiment, the second protection unit 30 includes a fourth resistor R4 and a fifth resistor R5; one end of the fourth resistor R4 is electrically connected to the electric circuit 50 for circuit board, the other end is electrically connected to the negative input terminal of the third comparator D3 and one end of the fifth resistor R5, and the other end of the fifth resistor R5 is grounded.
The fourth resistor R4 and the fifth resistor R5 are used to adjust the normal voltage in the second protection unit 30, for example, the detection voltage is V3, the output voltage is VOUT, and 70% of the output voltage is used as the detection, that is, the normal voltage is adjusted to 70% of the output voltage through the fourth resistor R4 and the fifth resistor R5, so that V3 is 0.7 × VOUT the resistance of the fifth resistor R5/(the resistance of the fourth resistor R4 + the resistance of the fifth resistor R5), and if the reference voltage U is 0.99V, when V3 is less than 0.99V, the output of the voltage is turned off.
Referring to fig. 4, as a further embodiment, the protection circuit 1 further includes an early warning unit 60, an input end of the early warning unit 60 is electrically connected to the control unit 20, and the control unit 20 can control the early warning unit 60 to send an early warning prompt.
The early warning unit 60 may send out early warning information when the control unit 20 detects that there is an abnormality in the circuit voltage, where the early warning information may be a sound prompt or a light prompt.
In a further embodiment, the warning unit 60 includes a light emitting diode 61 and a sixth resistor R6; the input end of the light emitting diode 61 is electrically connected to the control unit 20, the output end thereof is electrically connected to one end of the sixth resistor R6, and the other end of the sixth resistor R6 is grounded.
The light emitting diode 61 can be used for sending out early warning information, and when the control unit 20 detects that the voltage of the circuit is abnormal, the light emitting diode 61 is controlled to flash to prompt a user that a problem exists.
In a further embodiment, the protection circuit 1 further includes a seventh resistor R7, one end of the seventh resistor R7 is electrically connected to the control unit 20, and the other end of the seventh resistor R7 is grounded, and the seventh resistor R7 is configured to limit the current of the protection circuit 1.
The magnitude of the resistance of the seventh resistor R7 may be changed to satisfy different current limits, for example, if the limiting current is I, I is N/the resistance of the seventh resistor R7. Where N is a fixed value of the chip in the control unit 20, the seventh resistor R7 is provided to avoid short-circuiting and other problems of the circuit in the circuit board.
The utility model also discloses a circuit board, the circuit board include circuit board power consumption circuit 50 and any embodiment in the above-mentioned embodiment protection circuit 1.
The utility model also discloses a protection system, protection system include external power source 40 and any embodiment in the above-mentioned embodiment the circuit board.
The utility model discloses a set up first comparator in the control unit, second comparator and third comparator, and carry out under-voltage and overvoltage detection to first protection unit through first comparator and second comparator, and control the voltage output to circuit board consumer circuit through first MOS pipe, so that just can get into circuit board consumer circuit through first MOS pipe when the voltage of external power source input is normal, and simultaneously, can also detect the voltage of second protection unit through the third comparator and further control the voltage output to circuit board consumer circuit through second MOS pipe, so that when the voltage of inputing to second protection unit appears unusually, interruptible voltage input to circuit board consumer circuit, thereby realize the in-process at whole circuit board work, carry out real-time detection with the protection circuit board to voltage.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily think of various equivalent modifications or replacements within the technical scope of the present invention, and these modifications or replacements should be covered within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A protection circuit is applied to a circuit board and is characterized by comprising a first protection unit, a control unit and a second protection unit;
the input end of the first protection unit is electrically connected with an external power supply, and the output end of the first protection unit is electrically connected with the input end of the control unit;
the input end of the second protection unit is electrically connected with the output end of the control unit, and the output end of the second protection unit is electrically connected with the circuit for the circuit board;
the external power supply is also electrically connected with the circuit board power utilization circuit;
the control unit judges whether to output voltage to the second protection unit by detecting the undervoltage voltage and overvoltage voltage of the first protection unit, and the control unit can also judge whether to close the voltage output to protect the circuit for the circuit board by detecting the voltage of the second protection unit.
2. The protection circuit of claim 1, wherein the control unit comprises a first comparator, a second comparator and a first MOS transistor;
the negative input end of the first comparator and the positive input end of the second comparator are both electrically connected with the output end of the first protection unit, the output ends of the first comparator and the second comparator are both electrically connected with the grid electrode of the first MOS tube, and the positive input end of the first comparator and the negative input end of the second comparator are both electrically connected with a reference voltage;
the source electrode of the first MOS tube is electrically connected with the output end of the first protection unit, and the drain electrode of the first MOS tube is electrically connected with the electric circuit for the circuit board;
the first comparator is used for detecting the undervoltage of the first protection unit, and the second comparator is used for detecting the overvoltage of the first protection unit.
3. The protection circuit according to claim 2, wherein the first protection unit includes a first resistor, a second resistor, and a third resistor;
one end of the first resistor is electrically connected with the external power supply, and the other end of the first resistor is electrically connected with one end of the second resistor and the negative input end of the first comparator respectively;
the other end of the second resistor is electrically connected with the positive input end of the second comparator and one end of the third resistor respectively;
the other end of the third resistor is grounded.
4. The protection circuit of claim 1, wherein the control unit further comprises a third comparator and a second MOS transistor;
the negative input end of the third comparator is electrically connected with the input end of the second protection unit, the positive input end of the third comparator is electrically connected with the reference voltage, the output end of the third comparator is electrically connected with the grid electrode of the second MOS tube, the source electrode of the second MOS tube is electrically connected with the control unit, and the drain electrode of the second MOS tube is electrically connected with the circuit for the circuit board.
5. The protection circuit according to claim 4, wherein the second protection unit includes a fourth resistor and a fifth resistor;
one end of the fourth resistor is electrically connected with the electric circuit for the circuit board, the other end of the fourth resistor is electrically connected with the negative input end of the third comparator and one end of the fifth resistor respectively, and the other end of the fifth resistor is grounded.
6. The protection circuit of claim 1, further comprising an early warning unit, wherein an input end of the early warning unit is electrically connected to the control unit, and the control unit can control the early warning unit to send out an early warning prompt.
7. The protection circuit of claim 6, wherein the early warning unit includes a light emitting diode and a sixth resistor;
the input end of the light emitting diode is electrically connected with the control unit, the output end of the light emitting diode is electrically connected with one end of the sixth resistor, and the other end of the sixth resistor is grounded.
8. The protection circuit of claim 1, further comprising a seventh resistor, wherein one end of the seventh resistor is electrically connected to the control unit, and the other end of the seventh resistor is grounded, and the seventh resistor is configured to limit the current of the protection circuit.
9. A circuit board, characterized in that the circuit board comprises an electric circuit for a circuit board and a protection circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. A protection system, characterized in that it comprises an external power supply and a circuit board according to claim 9.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202023308445.6U CN214412262U (en) | 2020-12-31 | 2020-12-31 | Protection circuit, circuit board and protection system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202023308445.6U CN214412262U (en) | 2020-12-31 | 2020-12-31 | Protection circuit, circuit board and protection system |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN214412262U true CN214412262U (en) | 2021-10-15 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202023308445.6U Active CN214412262U (en) | 2020-12-31 | 2020-12-31 | Protection circuit, circuit board and protection system |
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| CN (1) | CN214412262U (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114094560A (en) * | 2021-11-18 | 2022-02-25 | 世邦通信股份有限公司 | ESD protection system, device and manufacturing method thereof |
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2020
- 2020-12-31 CN CN202023308445.6U patent/CN214412262U/en active Active
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114094560A (en) * | 2021-11-18 | 2022-02-25 | 世邦通信股份有限公司 | ESD protection system, device and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN114094560B (en) * | 2021-11-18 | 2023-07-25 | 世邦通信股份有限公司 | ESD protection system, device and manufacturing method thereof |
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