CN214411548U

CN214411548U - Spiral antenna array

Info

Publication number: CN214411548U
Application number: CN202120377535.6U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 周东明; 程翥; 刘海涛; 周小飞; 程建花
Original assignee: Hunan Kunlei Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Hunan Kunlei Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-02-19
Filing date: 2021-02-19
Publication date: 2021-10-15
Anticipated expiration: 2031-02-19

Abstract

The utility model discloses a helical antenna array, which comprises a plurality of first antenna units; the first antenna unit comprises a shell with a trapezoidal columnar structure, a first spiral antenna is arranged on the outer surface of the shell, and splicing structures are arranged on the left end face and the right end face of the shell; the different shells are spliced with each other through the splicing structure and form a hollow prism structure in an enclosing mode. On the basis of the structure, other antenna units can be arranged at the top of the hollow prism structure formed by the first antenna unit, the frequency range of the antenna array is expanded, and the number of the antenna units can be increased and combined according to the situation. The antenna array keeps good performance and all-directional coverage, reduces the size of the antenna, simplifies the antenna combination structure and is convenient to disassemble, assemble and transport.

Description

Spiral antenna array

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the field of communication technology, specifically a helical antenna array.

Background

With the development of radio communication, radio detection is also being developed further. The monitoring of the position, the speed and the like of the target detection object can be realized through radio detection. In order to make an antenna capable of effectively covering a signal range in all directions, it is often necessary to realize a wide range of signal coverage by a combination of antennas.

Meanwhile, in order to realize signal detection of different target objects in a wide frequency band range and in an all-round manner, high and low frequency bands are always considered, so that the target detection object can be monitored; in antennas with different frequency ranges, the lower the frequency range, which means that the larger the size of the antenna, the more complicated the combination.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

To the deficiency among the prior art, the utility model provides a helical antenna array has reduced antenna size, simplified antenna integrated configuration as far as when keeping good performance, all-round cover.

To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a helical antenna array, comprising a plurality of first antenna elements;

the first antenna unit comprises a shell with a trapezoidal columnar structure, a first spiral antenna is arranged on the outer surface of the shell, and splicing structures are arranged on the left end face and the right end face of the shell;

the different shells are spliced with each other through the splicing structure and form a hollow prism structure in an enclosing mode.

In one embodiment, the splicing structure comprises a first clamping piece and a second clamping piece, the first clamping piece is arranged on one of the left end surface and the right end surface of the shell, and the second clamping piece is arranged on the other of the left end surface and the right end surface of the shell;

in adjacent two the casing, but one of them casing first joint spare with another casing second joint spare joint each other.

In one embodiment, the first clamping piece is provided with a clamping groove, and the second clamping piece is provided with a buckle;

in two adjacent housings, the buckle of one housing can be connected into the clamping groove of the other housing.

In one embodiment, the first antenna element further includes a first balun fixedly connected inside the housing and correspondingly connected to the feeding point of the first helical antenna.

In one embodiment, the top end of the upper outer surface of the housing is inclined toward the axis of the hollow prism structure, so that the first helical antenna is mounted upward at an elevation angle.

In one embodiment, the antenna further comprises an adapter plate, wherein the adapter plate is fixedly connected with the upper end face of each shell, and a second antenna unit is arranged on the adapter plate;

the second antenna unit comprises a supporting frame with a prismatic structure, and each prismatic surface of the supporting frame is provided with a second spiral antenna.

In one embodiment, the support frame is provided with second baluns corresponding to the second helical antennas one by one, and the second baluns are correspondingly connected with the feeding points of the corresponding second helical antennas.

In one embodiment, the first balun comprises a support plate and a first balun circuit arranged on the support plate, the first balun circuit is correspondingly connected with the feeding point of the first helical antenna, and the support plate is arranged inside the shell through a fixing structure so as to play a role in supporting the shell.

In one embodiment, the top of the adapter plate is provided with a plug column, and the support frame is provided with a plug hole corresponding to the plug column.

In one embodiment, the top surface of the support frame is provided with a connecting structure for mounting the array antenna.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model provides a pair of helical antenna array has following beneficial technological effect:

1. the volume is reduced, and meanwhile, the performance is excellent; the frequency range of the antenna array is wide, the structure is simple, the price is low, the array layout is easy to realize, and the omnibearing coverage of signals is realized;

2. the antennas in the antenna array and the antennas and other components are kept relatively independent, so that the antenna array is more independent in installation and maintenance and is convenient for later maintenance;

3. the antenna array is small in size and light, can be mounted flush, is various in combination form, and can be correspondingly combined according to actual conditions.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the structures shown in the drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is an axonometric view of a helical antenna array in embodiment 1 of the present invention;

fig. 2 is an exploded view of a helical antenna array according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;

fig. 3 is an exploded view of the housing in embodiment 1 of the present invention;

fig. 4 is an axonometric view of the helical antenna array in embodiment 2 of the present invention;

fig. 5 is an exploded view of a helical antenna array according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;

fig. 6 is an exploded view of a second antenna unit according to embodiment 2 of the present invention.

The reference numbers illustrate: the antenna comprises a base 10, a shell 20, an upper end face 201, a lower end face 202, a connecting ring 2021, a left end face 203, a right end face 204, an inner surface 205, an outer surface 206, a positioning groove 2061, a stepped frame 207, a positioning protrusion 2071, a bump 208, a first clamping piece 301, a second clamping piece 302, a first balun 40, a first helical antenna 50, an adapter plate 60, a plug column 601, a wire walking hole 602, a support frame 70, a plug hole 701, a square opening 702, a substrate 703, a connecting structure 704, a second helical antenna 80 and a second balun 90.

The objects, features and advantages of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

It should be noted that all the directional indicators (such as upper, lower, left, right, front and rear … …) in the embodiment of the present invention are only used to explain the relative position relationship between the components, the motion situation, etc. in a specific posture (as shown in the drawings), and if the specific posture is changed, the directional indicator is changed accordingly.

In addition, descriptions in the present application as to "first", "second", and the like are for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicit to the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.

In the present application, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "connected" and "fixed" are to be construed broadly, e.g., "fixed" may be fixedly connected or detachably connected, or integrally formed; the connection can be mechanical connection, electrical connection, physical connection or wireless communication connection; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations by those skilled in the art.

In addition, the technical solutions between the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other, but it is necessary to be able to be realized by a person having ordinary skill in the art as a basis, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be realized, the combination of such technical solutions should be considered to be absent, and is not within the protection scope of the present invention.

Example 1

Fig. 1-2 show a first embodiment of a helical antenna array according to the present invention, in which the antenna array includes a base 10 and a plurality of first antenna elements. The first antenna unit comprises a shell 20 with a trapezoidal columnar structure, the lower end face 202 of the shell 20 is attached to the base 10, the outer surface 206 of the shell 20 is provided with a first spiral antenna 50, and the left and right end faces of the shell 20 are provided with splicing structures; the different shells 20 are spliced with each other through a splicing structure, and form a hollow prism structure on the base 10. Preferably, each shell 20 is coaxially and equidistantly distributed with respect to the axis of the hollow prism structure, i.e., each shell 20 is spliced into a prism structure.

The first helical antenna 50 in this embodiment is a directional antenna, and in order to implement omnidirectional signal processing and also to facilitate plane splicing, that is, to implement flush mounting, it is necessary to ensure that the number of the first antenna elements is more than three. In the embodiment, the number of the first antenna units is six, that is, the six first antenna units are spliced on the base plate to form a hollow regular hexagonal prism structure.

Referring to fig. 3, the housing 20 is a hollow trapezoidal column structure surrounded by six plates, i.e., an upper end surface 201, a lower end surface 202, a left end surface 203, a right end surface 204, an inner surface 205 and an outer surface 206, and a connecting ring 2021 is disposed on the lower surface 202, so that the housing 20 can be fixed on the base 10 by the matching of the connecting ring 2021 and bolts. In a specific implementation process, the upper end surface 201, the lower end surface 202, the left end surface 203, the right end surface 204 and the inner surface 205 may be welded or integrally formed into a groove-shaped structure, and a stepped frame 207 corresponding to the outer surface 206 is disposed at an opening of the groove-shaped structure, and the stepped frame 207 and the groove-shaped structure may be connected by bolts or welded or integrally formed. And outer surface 206 is removably secured to stepped rim 207 by bolts. Preferably, one or more positioning protrusions 2071 are disposed on the stepped rim 207, positioning slots 2061 corresponding to the positioning protrusions 2071 are disposed on the outer surface 206, the outer surface 206 is mounted on the stepped rim 207, and the positioning alignment between the stepped rim 207 and the outer surface 206 is achieved by the positioning protrusions 2071 and the positioning slots 2061. Of course, the positioning protrusions 2071 may be disposed on the outer surface 206 and the positioning grooves may be disposed on the stepped rim 207.

Preferably, the top end of the upper outer surface 206 of the housing 20 is inclined toward the axial direction of the hollow prism structure, that is, the included angle between the outer surface 206 and the bottom end surface is an acute angle, so that the first helical antenna 50 is installed upward at a certain elevation angle, and thus the radiation range of the antenna array covers the direction of the target signal, and simultaneously, the interference of multipath signals can be reduced.

In this embodiment, the splicing structure includes a first clamping member 301 and a second clamping member 302, the first clamping member 301 is disposed on one of the left end surface and the right end surface of the housing 20, and the second clamping member 302 is disposed on the other of the left end surface and the right end surface of the housing 20; in two adjacent housings 20, the first clip 301 of one housing 20 and the second clip 302 of the other housing 20 can be clipped to each other. Specifically, the first clip 301 has a clip slot, and the second clip 302 has a clip; in two adjacent housings 20, the snap of one housing 20 can be inserted into the slot of the other housing 20, i.e. the splicing between two adjacent housings 20 is realized.

In this embodiment, the first antenna unit further includes a first balun 40, and the first balun 40 is fixedly connected inside the housing 20 and correspondingly connected to the feeding point of the first helical antenna 50. Specifically, the first balun 40 includes a supporting plate and a first balun circuit disposed on the supporting plate, the first balun circuit is correspondingly connected to a feeding point of the first helical antenna, the supporting plate is disposed inside the housing through a fixing structure, and each edge of the supporting plate is attached to an inner wall of the housing, so as to support the housing. More specifically, the fixing structure is a protrusion 208 disposed on the lower end surface 202 and the upper end surface 201, and the protrusion 208 is provided with a mounting groove, so that when the first balun 40 is mounted, the support plate is fixed inside the housing 20 through the mounting grooves on the lower end surface 202 and the upper end surface 201, and simultaneously supports the inner space of the housing 20. The theoretical impedance of the first helical antenna 50 is 188 Ω, and the impedance of the corresponding radio frequency line (coaxial line) is 50 Ω, and by adding the first balun 40, impedance conversion can be performed, so that low-loss transmission between the radio frequency line and the first helical antenna 50 is realized, and unbalanced excitation in the radio frequency line can be gradually transited to balanced excitation to feed the first helical antenna 50.

In this embodiment, the antenna array further includes an adapter plate 60, and the adapter plate 60 is fixedly connected to the upper end surface 201 of each housing 20. The adapter plate 60 not only fixes the housing 20, but also forms a cavity together with the base 10 and the housing 20, and the cavity can be used for adding other processing hardware and the like, so that the hardware service in the later period is facilitated, the application mode of the antenna detection device is more flexible, and other processing hardware can be externally connected or directly installed in the cavity.

In this embodiment, the first helical antenna 50 is an archimedes helical antenna (circular) and other deformed antennas (other shapes such as a square helical antenna and a spiral sine-loaded antenna), and the archimedes helical antenna has a larger frequency range and keeps the phase center consistent all the time compared with other antennas, thereby improving the monitoring accuracy.

Example 2

Referring to fig. 4-5, a second embodiment of the helical antenna array disclosed in the present invention is shown, in which a second antenna unit is added to the antenna array in the above-mentioned example 1. Specifically, a plug column 601 is arranged at the top of the adapter plate 60, a plug hole 701 corresponding to the plug column 601 is arranged on the second antenna unit, the second antenna unit is fixedly mounted on the adapter plate 60 and then fixedly connected through a bolt through the matching of the plug column 601 and the plug hole 701, and a wiring hole 602 is arranged on the adapter plate 60 corresponding to the second antenna unit for wiring.

Specifically, referring to fig. 6, the second antenna unit includes a support frame 70 having a prism structure, a jack 701 is provided on the support frame 70, and a second helical antenna 80 is provided on each prism surface of the support frame 70. Each prismatic surface of the supporting frame 70 is provided with a square opening 702, each second helical antenna 80 is printed on a substrate 703, and the substrate 703 is detachably and fixedly connected to the square opening through a bolt. Preferably, the support frame 70 is provided with second baluns 90 corresponding to the second helical antennas 80 one to one, and the second baluns 90 are connected to the feeding points of the corresponding second helical antennas 80 correspondingly, where the second baluns include a mounting board and second balun circuits disposed on the mounting board, the second balun circuits are connected to the feeding points of the corresponding second helical antennas 80 correspondingly, and the mounting board is fixed on the substrate 703 through a snap structure. By adding the second balun 90, impedance transformation can be performed, low-loss transmission between the radio frequency line and the second helical antenna 80 is realized, and unbalanced excitation in the radio frequency line can be gradually transited to balanced excitation to feed the second helical antenna 80.

In this embodiment, the helical antennas in the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit have different designs for two different sizes. The first helical antenna 50 in the first antenna unit is a large-sized antenna with a corresponding frequency band range of 300MHz-1.6GHz, and the second helical antenna 80 in the second antenna unit is a small-sized antenna with a corresponding frequency band range of 1.6GHz-6 GHz. Preferably, the top surface of the supporting frame 70 is provided with a connecting structure 704 on which the array antenna can be mounted, so that the number of groups of antenna units can be increased and combined according to the situation to obtain different frequency range and effect; the connecting structure 704 shown in the embodiment is a plate disposed on the top of the supporting frame 70, and when a new antenna unit is added, the connecting structure can be added by using the same implementation structure of the adapter plate and the second antenna unit.

In this embodiment, the second helical antenna 80 is an archimedean helical antenna (circular) and other deformed antennas (other shapes such as a square helical antenna and a spiral sine loading antenna), and the outer ring is miniaturized in the traditional archimedean helical antenna by adopting a sine function loading mode, so that the area of the antenna opening is reduced, and simultaneously, good standing waves and gains can be kept.

Preferably, a number corresponding to each of the first helical antenna 50 and the second helical antenna 80 may be further marked or adhered on the housing 20 and the supporting frame 70 to facilitate later maintenance.

In this embodiment, the first helical antenna 50 and the second helical antenna 80 may be planar helical antennas or three-dimensional helical antennas.

The above only be the preferred embodiment of the utility model discloses a not consequently restriction the utility model discloses a patent range, all are in the utility model discloses a conceive, utilize the equivalent structure transform of what the content was done in the description and the attached drawing, or direct/indirect application all is included in other relevant technical field the utility model discloses a patent protection within range.

Claims

1. A helical antenna array comprising a plurality of first antenna elements;

2. The helical antenna array of claim 1, wherein the splice structure comprises a first snap-fit member and a second snap-fit member, the first snap-fit member being disposed on one of the left and right end faces of the housing, the second snap-fit member being disposed on the other of the left and right end faces of the housing;

3. The helical antenna array of claim 2, wherein said first snap member has a snap groove and said second snap member has a snap;

4. The helical antenna array of claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein said first antenna element further comprises a first balun fixedly connected within the housing and correspondingly connected to a feed point of said first helical antenna.

5. The helical antenna array as claimed in claim 4, wherein the first balun includes a support plate and a first balun circuit disposed on the support plate, the first balun circuit is connected to the first helical antenna feed point, and the support plate is disposed inside the housing through a fixing structure to support the housing.

6. The helical antenna array of claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the top of the upper outer surface of the housing is inclined toward the axis of the hollow prism structure so that the first helical antenna is mounted at an elevation angle upward.

7. The helical antenna array as claimed in claim 1, 2 or 3, further comprising an adapter plate fixedly connected to an upper end surface of each of the housings, the adapter plate being provided with a second antenna unit;

8. The helical antenna array of claim 7, wherein the support frame is provided with second baluns corresponding to the second helical antennas one to one, and the second baluns are correspondingly connected to the feeding points of the corresponding second helical antennas.

9. The helical antenna array of claim 7, wherein the top of the adapter plate is provided with a plug post, and the support frame is provided with a plug hole corresponding to the plug post.

10. The helical antenna array of claim 7, wherein the top surface of the support frame is provided with a connection structure for mounting the array antenna.