CN214408538U - Testing device for viscous zone of sludge drying - Google Patents
Testing device for viscous zone of sludge drying Download PDFInfo
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- CN214408538U CN214408538U CN202023102577.3U CN202023102577U CN214408538U CN 214408538 U CN214408538 U CN 214408538U CN 202023102577 U CN202023102577 U CN 202023102577U CN 214408538 U CN214408538 U CN 214408538U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a mud viscous zone test technique aims at providing a mud mummification viscous zone testing arrangement. The device comprises a sludge drier, a heat conduction oil circulating unit and a water vapor condensation collecting unit, wherein an air inlet and a tail gas outlet are formed in a top cover of a sludge drier shell; the water vapor condensation collection unit comprises a condenser, a vacuum pump and a condensate collection container, wherein the air inlet of the condenser is connected with the tail gas outlet of the sludge drying machine through a pipeline, the air outlet of the condenser is connected with the vacuum pump through a gas pipeline, the inner coil pipe is connected with a tap water pipe which provides a cooling medium, and the condensate collection container is placed at the bottom of the condenser. The device can acquire the sludge temperature, the sludge moisture content and the drying machine power in the sludge drying process on line, so that the important influence of temperature change on the moisture content change can be tracked and reflected, and the calculation result can more accurately and reliably realize the judgment of the sludge viscous zone section compared with the prior art.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a mud viscous zone test technique especially relates to a mud mummification viscous zone testing arrangement.
Background
With the acceleration of the industrialization process of China and the enhancement of the construction of urban infrastructure, the generation and the quantity of sewage are continuously increased, the sewage treatment rate is gradually improved, and a large amount of excess sludge is generated. In addition, in the process of water environmental treatment, a great amount of sludge is also generated in river and lake dredging and the like. The sludge is a solid waste which has a large amount and wide range and has great harm to human bodies and the environment. At present, the reduction and harmless treatment of sludge become an important common problem which cannot be solved or is not slow in the town water pollution control and treatment process.
The thermal drying technology is a commonly used sludge drying technology, and the indirect heat transfer drying technology is more common. The viscosity of the sludge is a phenomenon of sludge adhesion or conglutination, and a viscous zone is a result of combined action of the water content and the temperature of the sludge in the material drying process, and the viscous zone is usually represented by a water content-temperature curve. When the sludge is dried in the indirect heat transfer dryer, the sludge with higher water content is in a fluid state, the water content is reduced along with the drying of the sludge, the sludge is dried and enters a viscous zone (about 65-30%), the viscosity and plasticity of the sludge are increased along with the drying of the sludge, the maximum viscosity and plasticity are reached when the water content is 50-60%, most of the sludge is agglomerated into hard blocks and adhered to the heat transfer surface of the dryer and is difficult to crush and clean, so that the updating of the sludge drying surface and the heat and mass transfer in the sludge drying process are hindered, the sludge drying rate is reduced, and the energy consumption is increased.
The existing research methods for the viscous zone in the sludge drying process mainly comprise a stirring method, a flat adhesion method and a flat shearing method. The stirring method is a drying device which is designed based on Krudra and can measure the change of materials along with temperature and the corresponding change of stirring torque; the flat plate adhesion method adopts an electric heating mode to place the sludge on a stainless steel plate and output certain thermal power to enable the sludge to reach a set water content, then adopts a beating method to enable the sludge to fall off from the stainless steel plate, and measures the viscosity of the sludge according to the quality of the sludge finally adhered to the stainless steel plate; the flat plate shearing method studies the adhesion characteristics of the dried sludge to the contact surface, and is similar to the flat plate adhesion method except that the viscosity of the sludge is quantified by the shearing force.
However, the existing mainstream viscous zone testing method has the technical defect that the sludge drying viscous zone cannot be comprehensively and continuously detected, and the judgment basis of the viscous zone is single. Therefore, when the viscous interval of certain specific sludge is detected, the judgment basis of the viscous interval is insufficient. Therefore, in order to better determine the sludge viscous zone and understand the heat and mass transfer conditions of the sludge in the drying process, an apparatus capable of accurately determining the sludge viscous zone interval is urgently needed.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The to-be-solved problem of the utility model is to overcome not enough among the prior art, provide a mud mummification viscous zone testing arrangement.
For solving the technical problem, the utility model discloses a solution is:
the testing device for the sludge drying viscous zone comprises a sludge drying machine and a heat conduction oil circulating unit; the device comprises a shell, a hollow blade and a hollow stirring shaft, wherein the end part of the hollow stirring shaft is provided with a driving device, and a top cover of the shell is provided with an air inlet and a tail gas outlet; the latter comprises a heat-conducting oil tank and a circulating pump, and is connected to the hollow stirring shaft through an oil pipeline; the tail gas outlet is connected to a water vapor condensation and collection unit through a pipeline;
the water vapor condensation and collection unit comprises a condenser, a vacuum pump and a condensate collection container; the air inlet of the condenser is connected with the tail gas outlet of the sludge drier through a pipeline, and the inner coil pipe of the condenser is connected with a tap water pipe for providing a cooling medium; a condensed water collecting container is arranged at the bottom of the condenser, the mouth of the container is opposite to a water outlet at the bottom of the condenser, and the condensed water collecting container is arranged on the electronic balance; the air outlet of the condenser is connected with a vacuum pump through a gas pipeline.
As an improvement, thermocouples are respectively arranged in the sludge drier and at a tail gas outlet, and the thermocouples and the electronic balance are respectively connected to a computer through signal wires; the driving device is connected to the power monitor through a cable, and the power monitor is connected to a computer through a signal wire.
As an improvement, the hollow stirring shaft is of a sleeve structure, the hollow blades are wedge-shaped, and internal cavities of the hollow blades and the hollow blades are communicated and are filled with heat conduction oil.
As an improvement, a thermocouple and a heating rod are arranged in the heat-conducting oil tank and are respectively connected with a temperature controller through leads.
As an improvement, the driving device comprises an adjustable speed motor, a matched gear box and a speed regulator connected with the adjustable speed motor.
As an improvement, the number of the hollow stirring shafts is two, the rotation directions of the hollow stirring shafts are opposite, and the rotation speeds of the hollow stirring shafts are the same.
As an improvement, a gas flowmeter is arranged on a gas pipeline between the gas outlet of the condenser and the vacuum pump.
The utility model discloses in, the stirring speed and the record stirring power of mud paddle can be adjusted to the speed regulator. The circulating pump sends heat conduction oil reaching the heat source temperature in the heat conduction oil tank into the hollow stirring shaft and the hollow blades to exchange heat with the sludge, and the heat conduction oil completing the heat exchange enters the heat conduction oil tank again to be heated. The circulating pump can also control the circulating speed of the heat conduction oil, and the temperature controller and the thermocouple are used for controlling the heating time of the heating rod at the bottom of the heat conduction oil tank. The condenser is used for ensuring that water vapor evaporated by the sludge is condensed into liquid through the condenser, and the liquid is collected and weighed to calculate the real-time water content of the sludge. The electronic balance is used for measuring the mass of the condensate to calculate the evaporation moisture of the sludge. Gas flow meters are used to control the flow of gas. The vacuum pump is used for ensuring that evaporated moisture is pumped out of the drying machine and condensed into liquid through the condenser in the sludge drying process.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are that:
1. the utility model discloses can acquire mud temperature, mud moisture content and mummification power of mud mummification in-process on line in the experimentation to be used for further computational analysis to obtain the curve graph that temperature, mummification speed and mummification moment of torsion change along with mud moisture content, thereby can confirm the moisture content scope of the viscous zone mud of mud through the curve fast.
2. The sludge drying viscous zone testing device in the prior art can only test one or at most two variables of the water content, the drying machine power and the temperature, and the starting point of the testing method is that only one or at most two variables are used as the judgment basis of the viscous zone interval. The utility model discloses a testing arrangement can measure three parameter, consequently can trail, reflect the important influence that the temperature variation changes the moisture content, and its calculated result can realize the judgement between the viscous zone section of mud more accurately, reliably for prior art.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the sludge drying viscous zone testing device of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the temperature, drying rate and stirring power of sludge in the sludge drying process.
Description of reference numerals: 1, a speed regulator; 2, a sludge drier; 3, hollow blades; 4, a circulating pump; 5, a heat-conducting oil tank; 6, conducting oil; 7, a temperature control instrument; 8 heating a rod; 9 a thermocouple; 10 a condenser; 11 an electronic balance; 12 a condensate collection vessel; 13 a gas flow meter; 14 vacuum pump.
Detailed Description
Specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
It should be emphasized that the present invention relates to the technical solution of the sludge drying viscous zone testing device itself, and in particular to the components or devices contained therein and the connection relationship thereof. In the following, reference will be made to the description of a specific example of the method of application of the device, in order to better illustrate the starting point of the device design and the corresponding technical effects. However, the technical content or technical effect of the use method itself should not be considered as the limitation of the technical scheme or technical effect of the test device, and the two should be distinguished from each other.
As shown in FIG. 1, the device for testing the sludge drying viscous zone comprises a sludge drying machine, a heat conduction oil circulation unit and a water vapor condensation collection unit.
The sludge drier comprises a casing, a hollow blade 3 and a hollow stirring shaft; the hollow stirring shaft is of a sleeve structure, the hollow blades 3 are wedge-shaped, and internal cavities of the hollow blades and the hollow blades are communicated and are filled with heat conduction oil. The number of the hollow stirring shafts is two, the rotation directions of the hollow stirring shafts are opposite, and the rotating speeds of the hollow stirring shafts are the same. The end part of the hollow stirring shaft is provided with a driving device, and the driving device comprises a speed regulating motor, a matched gear box and a speed regulator 1 connected with the speed regulating motor. An air inlet and a tail gas outlet are arranged on the top cover of the casing; the tail gas outlet is connected to a water vapor condensation and collection unit through a pipeline;
the heat conducting oil circulating unit comprises a heat conducting oil tank 5 and a circulating pump 4 and is connected to the hollow stirring shaft through an oil pipeline; a thermocouple 9 and a heating rod 8 are arranged in the heat-conducting oil tank 5 and are respectively connected with a temperature controller 7 through leads.
The water vapor condensation collection unit comprises a condenser 10, a vacuum pump 14 and a condensate collection container 12; an air inlet of the condenser 10 is connected with a tail gas outlet of the sludge drier through a pipeline, and an internal coil of the condenser 10 is connected with a tap water pipe for providing a cooling medium; a condensed water collecting container 12 is arranged at the bottom of the condenser 10, the mouth of the container is opposite to a water outlet at the bottom of the condenser 10, and the condensed water collecting container 12 is arranged on an electronic balance 11; the air outlet of the condenser 10 is connected with a vacuum pump 14 through a gas pipeline. A gas flow meter 13 is provided on a gas line between the outlet of the condenser 10 and the vacuum pump 14.
Thermocouples are respectively arranged in the sludge drier and at the tail gas outlet and are used for acquiring the sludge temperature and the tail gas temperature in real time. The thermocouple and the electronic balance 11 are respectively connected to a computer through signal wires, and the speed regulator 1 of the driving device is connected to an electric power monitor through a cable, and the latter is connected to the computer through the signal wires. The data of three parameters of the sludge temperature, the sludge water content and the drier power are obtained in real time and are used for subsequent calculation.
An example of an application is as follows:
the heat conduction oil circulation unit comprises a heat conduction oil tank, a heating rod (1000W), a thermocouple, a temperature controller, a circulation pump and a stainless steel oil delivery pipe. The heating rod and the thermocouple are connected with a temperature controller to realize constant temperature heating control. The electric heating pipe heats the heat-conducting oil, the thermocouple immersed in the heat-conducting oil measures the oil temperature in real time and transmits a signal to the temperature controller, and the temperature controller controls the switch of the heating pipe according to the temperature signal and a set temperature value, so that the oil temperature is basically stabilized at the set temperature (+/-1 ℃). The heated heat conducting oil is conveyed to a hollow stirring shaft of the sludge drier by a circulating pump through an oil conveying pipe, and the working temperature of the sludge drier is controlled not to exceed 200 ℃.
The paddle type sludge drier mainly comprises a stainless steel casing, a hollow stirring shaft and hollow paddles, the effective volume is about 2L, the maximum wet sludge (with the water content of about 80%) treatment capacity of each batch is 1.6kg, and the heat exchange area in the machine is 0.144m2. Two hollow stirring shafts are arranged in the sludge drying machine, wedge-shaped hollow blades (or hollow discs) on the shafts are communicated with the inside of the hollow stirring shafts, and heat conducting oil can flow in the hollow stirring shafts. The rotation of the stirring shaft of the drier is driven by a speed regulating motor and a matched gear box, the rotating speed is controlled by a speed regulator, and the rotating speed regulating range is 0-30 rpm. Two stirring shafts of the paddle type sludge drying machine rotate oppositely at the same rotating speed. An air inlet and a tail gas outlet are arranged on the top cover of the drying machine.
The heat transfer oil first enters the hollow stirring shaft and flows into the hollow blades (or hollow discs). The hollow stirring shaft is of a sleeve structure, and heat transfer oil after heat exchange is conveyed to finally return to the heat transfer oil tank for continuous heating. The heat conducting oil continuously circulates between the heat conducting oil tank and the sludge drier, heat is absorbed in the heat conducting oil tank to increase the temperature, and the heat is released in the sludge drier to be used for drying sludge.
The water vapor condensation collection unit comprises a condenser and a vacuum pump. The air inlet of the condenser is connected with a tail gas outlet on the top cover of the drying machine, and the air outlet is connected with a vacuum pump. Due to the suction effect of the vacuum pump, the sludge drying tail gas enters the condenser through the gas pipe and is used as a cooling medium in the internal coil pipeThe tap water indirectly exchanges heat, and the water vapor in the tail gas is condensed in the condenser and is discharged from a water discharge port at the bottom. And a condensed water collecting container is arranged at the bottom of the condenser. A gas flowmeter is arranged on a gas pipe between the condenser and the vacuum pump, and the range of the pumping flow can be adjusted to be 0-2m3/min。
And the computer is used as a data monitoring and recording unit and is used for acquiring real-time monitoring and recording of working condition data such as condensed water quality, sludge temperature, stirring power and the like. The condensate water collection container is placed on an electronic balance, the mass of the collected condensate is recorded in real time, and the mass of the condensate is recorded at fixed time intervals of the electronic balance. The sludge temperature and the gas phase temperature are monitored and recorded by a thermocouple (or a temperature recorder matched with a temperature probe) connected with a computer through a USB data line. The power of the speed regulating motor is monitored and recorded in real time by a micro power monitor connected with a computer through a USB data line and matched software. The heating power consumption of the heat conducting oil is monitored and recorded by the electric power monitor.
In the existing sludge drying viscous zone testing technology, the change of the sludge temperature along with the water content of the sludge in the drying process is not used as the basis for judging the sludge viscous zone. The main reason is that the existing method generally considers that the sludge temperature has no stirring torque along with the change of the sludge water content, and the drying rate is visually represented along with the change curve of the water content, so that the sludge temperature is difficult to use. In fact, the temperature change of the sludge in the drying process has an important influence on the change of the water content of the sludge, and the drying rate of the sludge is influenced, so that the temperature change along with the change of the water content of the sludge needs to be taken into the basis of judgment of the sludge viscous zone. This is the utility model discloses increase vapor condensation collection unit to the design reason that is arranged in real-time measurement tail gas water content.
The device provided by the utility model, can realize online generation real-time data through monitoring mummification in-process mud moisture content, motor stirring power, the change of mud temperature, further obtain the relation graph between mud mummification speed, stirring power, mud temperature and the mud moisture content to be used for the mud viscous zone to judge. Because the drying area is not considered in the calculation of the drying rate, the calculated result is more scientific and credible, because the volume of the sludge can be changed in the sludge drying process, the heat transfer area of the sludge is changed in real time, the area data is a variable, and if the heat transfer area is taken as a fixed parameter, the obtained drying rate is obviously smaller than the real value of the drying rate.
For example, the collected condensate is collected by a container on an electronic balance and is monitored on line in real time, so that the data of the condensate along with time can be calculated, and the drying speed of the sludge and the corresponding sludge water content can be calculated by the formulas (1) and (2).
MV＝(m1-m0)/(t1-t0) (1)
θ＝(M×α-m1)/(M-m1) (2)
Wherein Mv is the drying rate of the sludge in kg/s, m1Is t1Mass reading of condensate at time, m0Is t0Reading the mass of the condensate at the moment in unit kg; theta is the real-time water content of the sludge, and the unit percent, M is the initial mass of the sludge, and the unit kg.
And (3) combining an increasing temperature zone and two decreasing speed zones in the sludge drying process to judge the viscous zone in the sludge drying process. Namely, at the initial stage of drying the sludge, the drying rate rapidly rises, and the monitored sludge temperature shows that the sludge temperature rapidly rises from room temperature to about 90 ℃, the drying rate at this stage is mainly caused by the rise of the sludge temperature, so the drying rate is called as a temperature rising region, at the moment, the stirring of the rotating shaft shows a descending trend, the sludge is gradually thinned along with the continuous shearing of the blades and the rise of the sludge temperature, the resistance to the stirring blades is reduced, and the stirring effect is better; along with the drying process, the specific gravity of the solid phase is continuously improved, and the sludge shows plasticity and is mutually bonded. The stirring of the blades has made it difficult to efficiently renew the sludge. The diffusion rate of the water covered by the surface evaporation layer to the surface of the evaporation layer is lower than the evaporation rate on the surface due to mass transfer resistance, the drying rate is limited and starts to rapidly decrease, and the water enters a first speed reduction area; when the sludge is continuously dried until the water content is about 65%, the reduction amplitude of the drying rate gradually becomes slow, and remarkable fluctuation begins to appear. Meanwhile, the stirring power of the rotating shaft also begins to rapidly rise or fluctuate, the temperature of a sludge layer declines, the sludge is dried and enters a viscous zone, sludge is wrapped on the surfaces of the rotating shaft and the blades to form lumps at this stage, the stirring of the blades is mainly expressed by extrusion of plastic sludge lumps, the resistance of the rotating shaft during stirring the sludge lumps is very large, and therefore the actually measured power fluctuates greatly, and the sludge is easy to fall off from the surface of a heat exchange surface during stirring because the bonding shearing force of the sludge at the water content stage is greater than the adhesion shearing force, the fallen sludge lumps are crushed by the stirring blades, an internal wet zone is exposed, so that the water evaporation rate rises locally, the drying rate fluctuates, and the temperature of the sludge lumps drops slightly; when the water content of the sludge is reduced to about 48 percent, the drying speed presents a stable descending trend, the drying enters a second speed reduction zone, the stirring power and the sludge temperature also become stable, in the later stage, the sludge drying characteristic can generate a small fluctuation, mainly because the adhesion shearing force and the adhesion shearing force of the sludge at the stage are both reduced greatly, the sludge is easier to be peeled off from the heat exchange surface and is crushed along with the stirring of the blades, and the exposure of the internal wet zone is beneficial to improving the drying speed.
The curve of the change of the sludge temperature along with the water content is used as the basis for judging the interval of the sludge viscous zone, compared with the original sludge drying rate measuring method, the result obtained is closer to the actual situation, the method has important significance for the sludge drying incineration engineering, and in the actual disposal process, corresponding measures can be taken to avoid the sludge viscous zone, so that the extra energy consumed by sludge viscosity is saved.
It is pointed out that the above description is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can replace or change the technical solution of the present invention and the inventive concept within the technical scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A testing device for a sludge drying viscous zone comprises a sludge drying machine and a heat-conducting oil circulating unit; the device comprises a shell, a hollow blade and a hollow stirring shaft, wherein the end part of the hollow stirring shaft is provided with a driving device, and a top cover of the shell is provided with an air inlet and a tail gas outlet; the latter comprises a heat-conducting oil tank and a circulating pump, and is connected to the hollow stirring shaft through an oil pipeline; the system is characterized in that the tail gas outlet is connected to a water vapor condensation and collection unit through a pipeline;
the water vapor condensation and collection unit comprises a condenser, a vacuum pump and a condensate collection container; the air inlet of the condenser is connected with the tail gas outlet of the sludge drier through a pipeline, and the inner coil pipe of the condenser is connected with a tap water pipe for providing a cooling medium; a condensed water collecting container is arranged at the bottom of the condenser, the mouth of the container is opposite to a water outlet at the bottom of the condenser, and the condensed water collecting container is arranged on the electronic balance; the air outlet of the condenser is connected with a vacuum pump through a gas pipeline.
2. The device of claim 1, wherein thermocouples are respectively arranged in the sludge drying machine and at the tail gas outlet, and the thermocouples and the electronic balance are respectively connected to a computer through signal wires; the driving device is connected to the power monitor through a cable, and the power monitor is connected to a computer through a signal wire.
3. The device according to claim 1, wherein the hollow stirring shaft is of a sleeve structure, the hollow blades are wedge-shaped, and internal cavities of the hollow blades and the hollow blades are communicated and filled with heat conducting oil.
4. The device as claimed in claim 1, wherein a thermocouple and a heating rod are arranged in the heat-conducting oil tank and are respectively connected with the temperature controller through wires.
5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the drive means comprises an adjustable speed motor, a mating gear box, and a speed governor connected to the adjustable speed motor.
6. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein there are two hollow stirring shafts, which rotate in opposite directions and at the same speed.
7. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein a gas flow meter is provided in the gas line between the condenser outlet and the vacuum pump.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202023102577.3U CN214408538U (en) | 2020-12-21 | 2020-12-21 | Testing device for viscous zone of sludge drying |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202023102577.3U CN214408538U (en) | 2020-12-21 | 2020-12-21 | Testing device for viscous zone of sludge drying |
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| CN214408538U true CN214408538U (en) | 2021-10-15 |
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| CN202023102577.3U Active CN214408538U (en) | 2020-12-21 | 2020-12-21 | Testing device for viscous zone of sludge drying |
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