CN214377696U - System for detecting pipeline breach of containment external waste heat discharge system - Google Patents
System for detecting pipeline breach of containment external waste heat discharge system Download PDFInfo
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- CN214377696U CN214377696U CN202120102708.3U CN202120102708U CN214377696U CN 214377696 U CN214377696 U CN 214377696U CN 202120102708 U CN202120102708 U CN 202120102708U CN 214377696 U CN214377696 U CN 214377696U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
Abstract
The utility model discloses a system for detecting pipeline breach of an outside-containment waste heat discharge system, wherein the pipeline of the waste heat discharge system is connected with a loop of a pressurized water reactor, and the system comprises a closed cabin arranged outside the containment, an environmental pressure monitoring device arranged in the closed cabin, a second waste liquid collecting device communicated with the closed cabin, a liquid level monitoring device arranged in the second waste liquid collecting device, and a control device in communication connection with the environmental pressure monitoring device and the liquid level monitoring device; the pipeline of the waste heat discharge system is arranged in the closed cabin in a penetrating way. The system can quickly and automatically identify the pipeline break of the residual heat removal system outside the containment, realize the isolation of the break, reduce the release of radioactive elements caused by the break and improve the safety of the reactor. The limitation of the single signal measurement range is overcome by matching and using two protection signals. Moreover, the detection system is suitable for the shipborne reactor, does not damage the structural integrity of the deck ground, and can adapt to the ocean inclination condition.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a protection system of nuclear power plant designs technical field, especially relates to a detect system of outer waste heat discharge system pipeline breach of containment.
Background
At present, the protection signals of the pipeline break of the outside-containment waste heat discharge system of the conventional nuclear power plant are provided with the following types: firstly, temperature and pressure sensors are arranged in a relevant plant to monitor the pressure and temperature change of the environment, so that whether pipeline leakage occurs in the plant is judged, the signal setting is insensitive to low-temperature and small-flow leakage monitoring, and the reaction time is long. Secondly, arrange radioactivity detection device in relevant factory building, monitor the environment radioactivity, judge through monitoring room radioactivity data whether take place to leak in the factory building, this kind of protection signal is easy the false triggering, is not suitable for moreover to monitor the coolant that does not contain the radioactivity and leaks. Thirdly, a pit is arranged in a relevant factory building to collect leaked coolant, whether the leakage happens in the factory building is judged by monitoring the water level of the pit, and the method needs to dig the pit on the ground and is not suitable for shipborne reactors.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The to-be-solved technical problem of the utility model lies in, to prior art's defect, a system for detecting outer waste heat discharge system pipeline breach of containment is provided.
The utility model provides a technical scheme that its technical problem adopted is: a system for detecting a breach of an out-of-containment residual heat removal system line connected to a primary circuit of a pressurized water reactor is constructed, the system comprising: the device comprises a closed cabin arranged outside a containment, an environmental pressure monitoring device arranged in the closed cabin, a second waste liquid collecting device communicated with the closed cabin, a liquid level monitoring device arranged in the second waste liquid collecting device, and a control device in communication connection with the environmental pressure monitoring device and the liquid level monitoring device;
the waste heat discharge system pipeline penetrates through the closed cabin.
Preferably, in the system for detecting pipeline breach of residual heat removal system outside containment of the present invention, the system further comprises an isolation valve inside the containment and disposed on the pipeline of the residual heat removal system; the isolation valve is in communication connection with the control device.
Preferably, detect the system of the outer waste heat removal system pipeline breach of containment in, environmental pressure monitoring devices is for locating the pressure sensor on the inside top in airtight cabin.
Preferably, in the system for detecting pipeline breach of containment external waste heat removal system, the system further comprises at least one second floor drain, intercommunication of airtight cabin floor department the second floor drain with the second waste liquid collection device's second collection pipeline.
Preferably, detect outer waste heat removal system pipeline of containment in the broken system of mouth, four corners on airtight cabin floor are equipped with a second floor drain respectively, a branch collecting line is connected respectively to the second floor drain, gather extremely through collecting the main line second waste liquid collection device.
Preferably, detect outer residual heat removal system pipeline breach of containment in the system, airtight cabin floor department is equipped with and is used for the accumulation the collection space of the waste liquid of residual heat removal system pipeline breach and/or other equipment releases.
Preferably, detect outer waste heat discharge system pipeline breach of containment in the system, the second floor drain edge is equipped with the cofferdam, the cofferdam with form between the airtight cabin inner wall and collect the space.
Preferably, detect outer waste heat discharge system pipeline breach of containment in the system, the system still include with collect the first waste liquid collection device that the space is linked together.
Preferably, detect outside containment waste heat removal system pipeline breach in the system of the detection, the system is still including setting up collect at least one first floor drain, the intercommunication of space floor department first floor drain with first waste liquid collection device's first collection pipeline.
Preferably, in the system for detecting pipeline breach of the containment external waste heat removal system, the first floor drain inlet is flush with the floor.
Preferably, detect outside of containment waste heat discharge system pipeline broken mouthful system in, controlling means with ambient pressure monitoring devices the liquid level monitoring device with through signal transmission cable wired communication connection between the isolation valve.
Preferably, detect outer waste heat removal system pipeline breach of containment in the system, the system is still including locating waste liquid collection device second waste liquid collection device bottom with controlling means communication connection's weighing sensor.
Through implementing the utility model discloses, following beneficial effect has:
the utility model discloses a but the quick automatic identification outer residual heat removal system pipeline of the outer residual heat removal system pipeline of containment breach of system of detecting the outer residual heat removal system pipeline breach of containment realizes the breach and keeps apart, reduces the radioactive element release that the breach caused, improves reactor safety. The limitation of the single signal measurement range is overcome by matching and using two protection signals. And, be applicable to the on-board reactor, can not destroy the structural integrity on deck ground, can adapt to the ocean slope condition simultaneously.
Drawings
The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings and examples, wherein:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the system for detecting a pipeline breach of an extra-containment residual heat removal system of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the pressure signal setting value evaluation of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is the utility model discloses liquid level signal setting value analysis flow chart.
Detailed Description
In order to clearly understand the technical features, objects, and effects of the present invention, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Under the normal operation condition, the heat generated by nuclear fission and fission product decay is released by transferring heat from a primary loop of the pressurized water reactor to a secondary loop through a steam generator. When the reactor is shut down, although the nuclear power by fission mechanism disappears quickly, the heat released by the fission products and their decays during radioactive decay is also present, called decay heat.
The residual heat removal system is also called a reactor shutdown cooling system, when the reactor is shut down, the residual heat of the residual power is still led out by the steam generator initially, and when the two loops can not operate any more, the residual heat removal system leads out the residual heat to ensure the cooling of the reactor.
In the normal shutdown process of the reactor, when the temperature of a primary circuit is reduced to 180 ℃ or below and the absolute pressure is reduced to below 3.0MPa, the waste heat discharge system is connected into the primary circuit, and the waste heat of the reactor core, the sensible heat of primary circuit water and equipment and the heat generated by a running main pump in the primary circuit are continuously discharged, so that the reactor enters a cold shutdown state. The waste heat discharge system consists of two waste heat discharge pumps, two heat exchangers, relevant valves and pipelines. The pump and the heat exchanger are both arranged outside the containment vessel 1 and are connected with a primary loop through a waste heat discharge system pipeline 3 passing through the containment vessel 1. Therefore, when the waste heat discharge system pipeline 3 outside the containment 1 is broken, a primary high-activity coolant directly bypasses the containment 1 and is directly released in a relevant plant or cabin, and then is released to the external environment through the ventilation system, so that potential irradiation risks are caused to the public.
In order to restrict the coolant quality from the breach release, need set up breach automatic identification and isolation signal, realize waste heat discharge line automatic isolation, for this reason as shown in fig. 1, the utility model discloses constructed a system for detecting the outer waste heat discharge system pipeline breach of containment, waste heat discharge system pipeline 3 is connected with a return circuit of pressurized water reactor, and this detecting system includes: the containment system comprises a closed cabin 4 arranged outside a containment vessel 1, an environmental pressure monitoring device 5 arranged in the closed cabin 4, a second waste liquid collecting device 10 communicated with the closed cabin 4, a liquid level monitoring device 9 arranged in the second waste liquid collecting device 10, and a control device 11 in communication connection with the environmental pressure monitoring device 5 and the liquid level monitoring device 9; the residual heat removal system pipeline 3 is arranged in the closed cabin 4 in a penetrating mode. In some embodiments, the control device 11 is a signal central processing unit, a computer terminal, or the like; the pressure monitoring device is a pressure sensor; the liquid level monitoring device 9 is a liquid level sensor; the second waste liquid collecting device 10 is a waste liquid collecting tank.
In the embodiment, the system further comprises an isolation valve 2 which is arranged in the containment 1 and on a residual heat removal system pipeline 3, and the isolation valve 2 is in communication connection with the control device 11.
In some embodiments, in order to ensure the stability of signal transmission, the control device 11 is connected with the environmental pressure monitoring device 5, the liquid level monitoring device 9 and the isolation valve 2 through a signal transmission cable 12 in a wired communication manner.
Specifically, the utility model provides a protection signal of the broken system of outer waste heat discharge system pipeline of detection containment includes pressure signal and liquid level signal, and arbitrary signal all can trigger isolation valve 2 and keep apart waste heat discharge system pipeline 3 when reaching the setting value.
An environmental pressure monitoring device 5 is arranged in the closed cabin 4, preferably, can be arranged at the top end inside the closed cabin 4, and transmits pressure data to the control device 11 through a signal transmission cable, so as to monitor the environmental pressure in real time and form a pressure signal. When the pressure monitoring value reaches a setting value, the pressure monitoring value indicates that a crevasse exists on the waste heat discharge system pipeline 3 in the closed cabin 4, the automatic protection system is triggered to act, and the control device 11 automatically triggers the isolation valve on the waste heat discharge pipeline in the containment 1 to close, so that crevasse isolation is realized.
In this embodiment, the system further comprises at least one second floor drain 6 arranged at the floor of the enclosure 4, a second collection line communicating the second floor drain 6 with the second waste liquid collection device 10. Preferably, a second floor drain 6 is respectively arranged at four corners of the floor of the closed cabin 4, the second floor drains 6 are respectively connected with a branch collecting pipeline 7, then are collected to a collecting main pipeline 8, and finally drain the leaked waste liquid on the floor of the closed cabin 4 to a second waste liquid collecting device 10.
A liquid level monitoring device 9 is arranged in the second waste liquid collecting device 10, liquid level data are transmitted to a control device 11 through a signal transmission cable 12, the liquid level state is monitored in real time, and a liquid level signal is formed. When the measured liquid level reaches the setting value liquid level, the fact that a crevasse exists in the waste heat discharge system pipeline 3 in the closed cabin 4 is indicated, the automatic protection system is triggered to act, the control device 11 automatically triggers the isolation valve on the waste heat discharge pipeline in the containment 1 to close, and crevasse isolation is achieved.
In this embodiment, in order to avoid the false triggering of the water level signal, a collecting space for collecting the waste liquid normally leaked from the pipe break of the residual heat removal system and/or other equipment in the sealed cabin 4 is provided at the floor of the sealed cabin 4, and the waste liquid flows into the second floor drain 6 when the collecting space is full. In some embodiments, the second floor drain 6 is provided at its edge with a weir, which forms the collecting space with the inner wall of the closed compartment 4.
In this embodiment, in order to further reduce the false triggering probability, the water level signal is triggered only under the large-flow break condition, so the detection system further includes a first waste liquid collecting device 15 communicated with the collecting space, and the first waste liquid collecting device 15 is a waste liquid collecting box. In some embodiments, the detection system further comprises at least one first floor drain 13 arranged at the floor of the collection space, a first collection line 14 communicating the first floor drain 13 and a first waste liquid collection device 15. And preferably the first floor drain 13 inlet is flush with the floor and is placed in the centre of the floor. Through this embodiment for pipeline and other equipment normally leak at first through first floor drain 13 flow direction first waste liquid collection device 15, wait that first waste liquid collection device 15 is excessive and form this collection space between the cofferdam of second floor drain 6 and the airtight cabin 4 inner wall and fill after water, the waste liquid just can flow to second waste liquid collection device 10 through second floor drain 6, thereby realized just triggering water level signal under large-traffic broken mouthful operating mode, reduced the false triggering probability.
In some embodiments, the bottom surface of the floor may be sloped such that the bottom surface of the floor is concave toward the center and four sides are convex, so that the descending waste liquid is first guided to the first waste liquid collecting device 15, instead of the cofferdam at the edge of the second floor drain 6, and the first waste liquid collecting device 15 serves as a collecting space.
In other embodiments, in order to avoid the damage of the liquid level monitoring device 9, which may result in the failure to know the waste liquid leakage or for the accuracy of the monitoring of the waste liquid leakage, a weighing sensor in communication with the control device 11 may be disposed at the bottom of the second waste liquid collecting device 10, as a spare device or a waste liquid weight monitoring device used in cooperation with the liquid level monitoring device 9.
The utility model discloses taking place at the initial stage that waste heat discharge system just inserted the operation at the breach, coolant temperature is higher, and when the breach area is less simultaneously, the coolant waste liquid majority from the breach release takes place the flash distillation and becomes steam for the ambient pressure in cabin risees gradually, and pressure signal will generate in short time. However, the liquid that arrives ground under this kind of accident condition will be few, and liquid level signal will be difficult to generate, and the time that needs will be far greater than pressure signal generation time, consequently the utility model discloses an ambient pressure monitoring devices 5 can be used to the waste heat discharge system operation initial stage, monitors the ambient pressure that the broken mouth of waste heat discharge system pipeline 3 in the airtight cabin 4 caused to transmission pressure signal to controlling means 11, control isolation valve 2 closes.
When the break occurs at the last stage of the operation of the waste heat discharging system just connected, and the temperature of the coolant is lower, the coolant waste liquid released from the break exists in a liquid state mostly, directly flows to the floor of the closed cabin 4, further flows to the accident second waste liquid collecting device 10, and generates a liquid level signal in a shorter time. However, in such an accident condition, the flash evaporation is less in vapor and the volume of the liquid coolant is small, so that the pressure in the sealed cabin 4 rises slowly, the pressure signal is difficult to generate, and the required time is far longer than the liquid level signal generation time. Therefore, the utility model discloses a liquid level monitoring device 9 can be used to monitor the liquid coolant of the broken mouthful release of waste heat discharge system pipeline in airtight cabin 4 at waste heat discharge system operation final stage to transmission liquid level signal to controlling means 11, control isolation valve 2 closes.
The utility model provides a detect the broken system of opening of outer waste heat discharge system pipeline of containment has designed two kinds of protection signals of pressure signal and liquid level signal, and arbitrary signal reaches the setting value and can trigger protection system action. The two signals are arranged, so that the high-temperature and low-temperature crevasses are effectively protected under the working condition of the medium, the completeness of the signals is ensured, and the crevasses are effectively isolated.
In this embodiment, the setting of signal setting is crucial to the validity that realizes the protection signal, the utility model provides a protection signal setting design method as follows:
1) pressure signal setting value evaluation
The evaluation flow is shown in fig. 2 and is specifically described as follows: considering that a room is in a sealed state, the initial state is normal temperature and normal pressure, and the air in the room is considered to be ideal gas. And conservatively considering the maximum waste liquid amount which can be generated under the normal operation condition when the waste liquid is injected into the room, simultaneously raising the temperature of the room to the maximum temperature which can be reached during the normal operation, and calculating the maximum environmental pressure which can be reached by the room environment at the moment. The maximum environmental pressure is taken into consideration as a setting value of the pressure signal after a certain conservative margin (preventing signal false triggering) is taken into consideration.
2) Liquid level signal setting value evaluation
The flow of the analysis of the setting value of the liquid level signal is shown in fig. 3, which is specifically explained as follows:
selecting an accident working condition: the pipeline 3 of the waste heat discharge system is subjected to double-end shear fracture, and the accident happens at the moment when the waste heat discharge system is just connected into a loop, so that the temperature of a break medium is highest, the flash share is largest, and the jet flow is largest.
Mass-energy release calculation: two different sets of mass-energy release data were calculated from a conservative perspective: one set is that a loop adopts state parameters for increasing mass energy release, simultaneously considers the backflow flow of a broken pipeline, ignores the resistance coefficient of the pipeline and maximizes the flow released by a breach; and the other set of the primary loop adopts state parameters for reducing mass energy release, simultaneously does not consider the backflow flow of the broken pipeline, and considers the resistance coefficient of the pipeline, so that the flow released by the breach is minimized. The former is used to evaluate the source term of the breach release, and the latter is used to evaluate the liquid phase volume of the breach release. Wherein mass energy refers to mass and energy.
Source item evaluation: and (3) using the maximized mass-energy release data, conservatively taking the maximized flash share, and evaluating the change relation of the source item released by the breach along with time, so as to obtain the time when the release value of the source item approaches the required value of the regulation, and the time required for isolating the breach can be obtained after a certain margin is considered. Wherein, the source term refers to the amount of the emissive elements in the waste liquid.
Signal generation time evaluation: and deducting the valve action delay time, the signal transmission and processing time and the ground liquid phase flow time from the time required for the break to be isolated, thereby obtaining the latest required generation time of the signal after the break.
Collecting box size and liquid level setting value evaluation: the size of the collecting box is as small as possible, and the limited factor is the space arrangement requirement of the liquid level detection sensor; the liquid level setting value is also related to the measurement sensitivity of the sensor, and the liquid level with low quantity should be taken.
Evaluation of volume of liquid phase retention: the hold-up volume of the crevasse sprayed coolant on all equipment surfaces, walls, floors, etc. in the room was evaluated conservatively, as well as the volume drained by the normal waste collection system.
And (3) acceptance criteria: when the minimum release liquid phase volume of the breach corresponding to the latest required generation time of the signal is greater than the sum of the volume of the retained liquid phase and the total volume of the collecting box, the liquid level signal can be proved to be triggered before the breach source item exceeds the limit, and the pipeline breach is automatically isolated. And when the acceptance criterion is not met, performing optimization evaluation work.
The utility model provides a protection signal and design method thereof not only is applicable to and detects 1 outer waste heat discharge system pipeline breach of containment, still is applicable to the 1 outer pipe-line system of containment of other connection return circuits. In particular, the utility model discloses can use in the on-board nuclear reactor, adaptable ocean operating condition. And is also suitable for monitoring pipeline crevasses in the containment vessel 1 and pipeline crevasses of other systems outside the containment vessel 1. For example, the utility model provides a pressure signal can be used to design the high signal of pressure in containment 1, monitors a loop piping system breach to as containment sprinkling system, safety injection system etc. safety protection system's start signal.
Through implementing the utility model discloses, following beneficial effect has:
the utility model discloses a but the quick automatic identification outer residual heat removal system pipeline of the outer residual heat removal system pipeline of containment breach of system of detecting the outer residual heat removal system pipeline breach of containment realizes the breach and keeps apart, reduces the radioactive element release that the breach caused, improves reactor safety. The limitation of the single signal measurement range is overcome by matching and using two protection signals. And, be applicable to the on-board reactor, can not destroy the structural integrity on deck ground, can adapt to the ocean slope condition simultaneously.
It is to be understood that the foregoing examples merely represent preferred embodiments of the present invention, and that the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not intended to limit the scope of the invention; it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, the above technical features can be freely combined, and several modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, which all belong to the protection scope of the present invention; therefore, all changes and modifications that come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are to be embraced within their scope.
Claims (12)
1. A system for detecting a breach of an out-of-containment residual heat removal system line, the residual heat removal system line (3) being connected to a primary circuit of a pressurized water reactor, the system comprising: the containment is characterized by comprising a closed cabin (4) arranged outside a containment (1), an environmental pressure monitoring device (5) arranged in the closed cabin (4), a second waste liquid collecting device (10) communicated with the closed cabin (4), a liquid level monitoring device (9) arranged in the second waste liquid collecting device (10), and a control device (11) in communication connection with the environmental pressure monitoring device (5) and the liquid level monitoring device (9);
the waste heat discharge system pipeline (3) is arranged in the closed cabin (4) in a penetrating mode.
2. The system for detecting an out of containment residual heat removal system pipeline breach according to claim 1, further comprising an isolation valve (2) within the containment (1) and disposed on the residual heat removal system pipeline (3); the isolation valve (2) is in communication connection with the control device (11).
3. The system for detecting the pipeline breach of the out-of-containment residual heat removal system according to claim 1, wherein the environmental pressure monitoring device (5) is a pressure sensor disposed at the top end inside the closed cabin (4).
4. The system for detecting out-of-containment residual heat removal system pipeline breaches according to claim 1, further comprising at least one second floor drain (6) disposed at the floor of the containment compartment (4), and a second collection pipeline communicating the second floor drain (6) with the second waste liquid collection device (10).
5. The system for detecting pipeline breach of out-of-containment residual heat removal system according to claim 4, wherein a second floor drain (6) is respectively arranged at four corners of the floor of the enclosed cabin (4), and the second floor drains (6) are respectively connected with a branch collecting pipeline (7) and collected to the second waste liquid collecting device (10) through a collecting main pipeline (8).
6. System for detecting an out-of-containment residual heat removal system pipeline breach according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that a collection space for accumulating waste liquid released by the residual heat removal system pipeline breach and/or other equipment is provided at the floor of the containment compartment (4).
7. The system for detecting the pipeline breach of the out-of-containment residual heat removal system according to claim 6, wherein a cofferdam is arranged at the edge of the second floor drain (6), and the collecting space is formed between the cofferdam and the inner wall of the closed cabin (4).
8. The system for detecting an out-of-containment residual heat removal system pipeline breach according to claim 7, further comprising a first waste liquid collection device (15) in communication with the collection space.
9. The system for detecting an out of containment residual heat removal system pipeline breach according to claim 8, further comprising at least one first floor drain (13) disposed at the collection space floor, a first collection pipeline (14) communicating the first floor drain (13) and the first waste liquid collection device (15).
10. The system for detecting an out-of-containment residual heat removal system pipeline breach according to claim 9, wherein the first floor drain (13) inlet is flush with the floor.
11. The system for detecting the pipeline breach of the out-of-containment residual heat removal system according to claim 2, wherein the control device (11) is connected with the ambient pressure monitoring device (5), the liquid level monitoring device (9) and the isolation valve (2) in a wired communication manner through signal transmission cables (12).
12. The system for detecting the pipeline breach of the residual heat removal system from the outside of containment according to claim 1, further comprising a weighing sensor disposed at the bottom of the second waste liquid collection device (10) of the waste liquid collection device and communicatively connected to the control device (11).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202120102708.3U CN214377696U (en) | 2021-01-14 | 2021-01-14 | System for detecting pipeline breach of containment external waste heat discharge system |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202120102708.3U CN214377696U (en) | 2021-01-14 | 2021-01-14 | System for detecting pipeline breach of containment external waste heat discharge system |
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| CN214377696U true CN214377696U (en) | 2021-10-08 |
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