CN214370507U - Composite heat and water supply system based on waste heat utilization of large nuclear power unit - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a composite heat supply water supply system based on waste heat utilization of a large nuclear power unit, which comprises a first nuclear power steam turbine unit and a second nuclear power steam turbine unit, wherein the first nuclear power steam turbine unit is communicated with a first condenser, the first condenser is communicated with a seawater desalination device, and the seawater desalination device is communicated with the second condenser; the second nuclear power steam turbine unit is communicated with a second condenser, the second condenser is sequentially communicated with a water/water heat exchanger and an absorption heat pump, the absorption heat pump is communicated with a steam/water heat exchanger, the steam/water heat exchanger and the second condenser are jointly communicated with a heat exchange unit, and the heat exchange unit is communicated with heat users, industrial enterprise water users, residents and public building water users; the first nuclear power steam turbine unit and the second nuclear power steam turbine unit are both communicated with the absorption heat pump and the steam/water heat exchanger. The system can organically integrate and couple the reverse osmosis seawater desalination technology, the low-temperature backwater technology and the absorption heat pump technology, relieve the contradiction between heat source and water resource supply and demand, and reduce carbon emission and pollutant emission.

Description

Composite heat and water supply system based on waste heat utilization of large nuclear power unit

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of nuclear power waste heat utilization, and particularly relates to a heat and water supply composite system based on waste heat utilization of a large nuclear power unit.

Background

The clean low-carbon has become the main basic tone of global energy development, and China is actively promoting energy transformation to cope with climate change and suppress global warming; reduce the pollution emission and build beautiful home.

The key role of nuclear energy in constructing a clean low-carbon energy system is indispensable, and the nuclear energy becomes the inevitable choice of the national energy strategy. By 12 months in 2019, the number of nuclear power generating units in China reaches 47, the total installed capacity is 4875 ten thousand kilowatts, and the nuclear power generating units are second to America and France and are listed in the third world. The number of nuclear power units in coastal areas in the north is gradually increased, 11 commercial and construction units are provided, and the total installed capacity is 1671 ten thousand kilowatts.

Limited by the temperature of a coolant in a primary loop of the nuclear power station, the steam pressure of a secondary loop of the pressurized water reactor nuclear power station is far lower than that of a large thermal power station, generally 5-7.5 MPa, and is saturated steam or slightly superheated steam, so that the nuclear power generation efficiency is low, generally 33.3%. The large amount of dead steam waste heat of the nuclear power station accounts for more than 60 percent, and is finally directly discharged into a seawater environment through direct-current circulating water, so that the serious waste of energy is caused.

In the existing technology for utilizing the exhaust steam and the waste heat of the nuclear power unit, part of circulating cooling water of the nuclear power unit is mostly used as the feed seawater of a reverse osmosis seawater desalination device in China at present, and the temperature rise of 8-10 ℃ in winter can be generally ensured. Although the technology can realize the recovery of a small part of waste heat, the water inlet temperature of the reverse osmosis seawater desalination system cannot reach the design temperature, and still needs an additional heat source for heating, so that the water production cost is increased, and a large amount of waste heat is discharged into the seawater environment, so that the energy is wasted.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a novel waste heat utilization system of a nuclear power unit aiming at the defect of insufficient exhaust steam waste heat recovery capability of the nuclear power unit, which can organically integrate and couple a reverse osmosis seawater desalination technology, a low-temperature water return technology and an absorption heat pump technology, realize the effective recovery and utilization of the waste heat of the nuclear power unit, improve the comprehensive energy utilization efficiency of the nuclear power unit, relieve the contradiction between heat source and water resource supply and demand, and reduce carbon emission and pollutant emission. In addition, the invention combines the heat supply pipeline and the water supply pipeline into a whole, thereby reducing the investment of the water supply pipeline and the energy consumption of the operation of the water pump and reducing the transportation cost of the desalted water.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a composite heat and water supply system based on waste heat utilization of a large nuclear power unit comprises a first nuclear power steam turbine unit and a second nuclear power steam turbine unit, wherein the first nuclear power steam turbine unit is communicated with a first condenser which is communicated with a seawater desalination device, and the seawater desalination device is communicated with a second condenser; the second nuclear power steam turbine unit is communicated with a second condenser, the second condenser is sequentially communicated with a water/water heat exchanger and an absorption heat pump, the absorption heat pump is communicated with a steam/water heat exchanger, the steam/water heat exchanger and the second condenser are jointly communicated with an absorption heat exchanger unit, and the absorption heat exchanger unit is communicated with heat users, industrial enterprise water users, residents and public building water users; the first nuclear power steam turbine unit and the second nuclear power steam turbine unit are both communicated with the absorption heat pump and the steam/water heat exchanger.

Preferably, the water supply system is provided with a primary net water replenishing tank at the front end of a hot user, and the system is provided with a mixing water storage tank at the front end of a resident water user and a public building water user.

Preferably, the first nuclear power steam turbine unit and the second nuclear power steam turbine unit are respectively merged and connected into a steam extraction and merging header pipe through a first heating steam extraction pipeline and a second heating steam extraction pipeline, and the steam extraction and merging header pipe is respectively communicated with the steam/water heat exchanger and the absorption heat pump.

Preferably, the exhaust steam generated by the first nuclear power steam turbine unit enters a first condenser through a first exhaust steam pipe to be condensed and release latent heat to heat circulating water, the first condenser is communicated with an open sea area through a first circulating water inlet pipe and a first circulating water outlet pipe, and a first circulating water pump is installed on the first circulating water inlet pipe.

Preferably, exhaust steam generated by the second nuclear power steam turbine unit enters a second condenser through a second exhaust steam pipe to be condensed to release latent heat to heat circulating water, the second condenser is connected with the water/water heat exchanger through a circulating cold water branch pipe, and the second condenser is connected with the absorption heat pump through a circulating water inlet pipe.

Preferably, the steam/water heat exchanger is connected with the absorption heat exchanger unit through a long-distance heat supply water supply pipe, and the absorption heat exchanger unit is connected with a heat consumer through a primary net water supply pipe, a secondary net water supply pipe, a primary net water return pipe, a secondary net water return pipe and a primary net circulating water pump.

Preferably, the pressure of the exhausted steam discharged by the first nuclear power steam turbine unit is 4 kPa.

Preferably, the outlet circulating water temperature of the first condenser is 25 ℃.

Preferably, the return water temperature of the first outlet of the absorption heat exchanger unit is 25 ℃.

Preferably, the pressure of the exhausted steam discharged by the second nuclear power steam turbine unit is 7.5 kPa.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses following beneficial effect has:

the utility model organically combines the water and heat production links, and the desalinated water is used as a water source and a low-temperature heat source; an absorption heat exchange mode is adopted, on the basis of steam extraction and heat supply of an original unit, exhaust steam waste heat is extracted as much as possible to be used for heat supply and water production, and the heat supply and water supply capacity of the system is improved; the heat supply pipeline and the water supply pipeline are combined into a whole, so that the pipeline investment and the water pump operation energy consumption are reduced, and the economic benefit is obviously improved; according to the principle of optimal water and optimal use, the high-quality desalted water is preferentially used for primary net water supply and industrial enterprise production water, so that the cost of enterprise water is reduced, and the rest desalted water is mixed with tap water and then used for domestic water of residents, so that the mineralization cost of the desalted water is reduced.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a heating season flow chart of a heat and water supply composite system based on waste heat utilization of a large nuclear power unit;

FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a heat and water supply composite system based on waste heat utilization of a large nuclear power unit in a non-heating season;

description of reference numerals: 1-a first nuclear power turboset; 2-a second nuclear power turbine unit; 3-a first condenser; 4-a seawater desalination plant; 5-a desalination water tank; 6-a second condenser 7-a water/water heat exchanger; 8-an absorption heat pump; 9-steam/water heat exchanger; 10-an absorption heat exchanger unit; 11-hot user; 12-a primary net water replenishing tank; 13-industrial enterprise water users; 14-blending water storage tank; 15-residential and public building water users; p1-first circulating water pump; p2-desalinated water supply pump; P3-Long-distance circulating pump; p4-primary net circulating water pump; p5-primary net constant pressure water replenishing pump; p6-municipal water supply pressure water pump; p7-second circulating water pump; l1-first heating steam extraction pipe; l2-second heating steam extraction pipe; l3-steam extraction merging header; l4-first exhaust pipe; l5-second exhaust pipe; l6-first circulating water inlet pipe; l7-first circulating water outlet pipe; l8-inlet pipe; l9-outlet pipe; l10-desalination water tank outlet pipe; L11-Long distance Return pipe; l12-first bypass; l13 — second bypass pipe; l14-circulating water inlet pipe; l15-circulating water outlet pipe; L16-Long service hot water supply pipe; l17-once net water supply pipe; L18-Primary Net Return pipe; l19-main for desalinated water supply; l20-primary net water supply pipe; L21-Water treatment Water delivery pipe of waterworks; l22-municipal water supply and distribution pipes; l23-cold water recirculation branch; l24-branch hot water circuit; l25-a second circulating water inlet pipe; l26-a second circulating water outlet pipe; l27-secondary mains water supply pipe; l28-secondary net return pipe; v1, V2, V3, V4, V5, V6, V7, V8, V9, V10, V11, V12, V13, V14, V15, V16, V17, V18-valves.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the present application without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "inside", "outside", "left" and "right" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplification of the description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1, heating season: closing valves (V4, V5), opening valves (V1, V2, V3, V6, V7, V8, V9, V10, V11, V12, V13, V14, V15, V16, V17 and V18), allowing exhaust steam generated by a first steam turbine (1) to enter a first condenser (3) through a first exhaust steam pipe (L4), allowing seawater in an open sea area to enter a first circulating water inlet pipe (L6) under the suction action of a first circulating water pump (P1), allowing the circulating water to enter the condenser (3) through an inlet, allowing the circulating water to enter a first circulating water outlet pipe (L7) after absorbing waste heat of the exhaust steam in the first condenser (3), allowing part of the circulating water to be directly discharged into the open sea area, allowing part of the circulating water to enter a water inlet pipe (L8), allowing the circulating water to enter a seawater desalination device (4) through the inlet, directly discharging the exhaust steam of the seawater produced by the desalination device (4), and allowing the desalinated seawater to enter a water outlet pipe of the desalination device (4), and enters a desalination water tank through an inlet, effluent water of the desalination water tank (5) enters a water outlet pipe (L10) of the desalination water tank through an outlet, and enters a long-distance water return pipe (L11) under the driving action of a desalination water supply pump (P2), exhaust steam generated by a second steam turbine (2) enters a second condenser (6) through a second exhaust steam pipe (L5), mixed water enters the second condenser (6) through the inlet under the driving action of a long-distance circulating pump (P3) to absorb exhaust steam waste heat and then is divided into three streams through the outlet, one stream enters a water/water heat exchanger through a circulating hot water branch pipe (L24) and a first inlet, waste heat is transferred to seawater entering a water/water heat exchanger (7) through a second inlet under the driving action of a second circulating water pump (P7), and then enters a circulating branch pipe cold water (L23) through the first outlet, and seawater absorbs waste heat of circulating water of the second condenser (6) and then enters a second water outlet to be discharged into a second circulating water outlet pipe (L26) to open sea area In water, a second stream of water enters an absorption heat pump (8) through a heat supply network water inlet, heating steam of a first nuclear power steam turbine unit (1) and heating steam of a second nuclear power steam turbine unit (2) respectively enter a steam extraction merging header pipe (L3) through a first heating steam extraction pipe (L1) and a second heating steam extraction pipe (L2), part of the extracted steam enters the absorption heat pump (8) through the steam extraction inlet to serve as a driving heat source, waste heat of a third stream of circulating water entering the absorption heat pump (8) through a circulating water inlet pipe (L14) and a circulating water inlet is extracted, the circulating water is mixed with long-distance return water, desalted water and water/water heat exchanger outlet water through a circulating water outlet and a circulating water outlet pipe (L15) after the temperature of the circulating water is reduced, the mixed with the long-distance return water, the desalted water and water/water heat exchanger outlet water, the second condenser (6) is entered into the absorption heat pump (8), the heat supply network water is heated and then enters a steam/water heat exchanger through a heat supply network water outlet and a heat network water inlet, part of extracted steam enters a steam/water heat exchanger through a steam extraction inlet, the temperature of heat supply network water is further improved after absorbing the heat of the extracted steam, the heat supply network water enters a long-distance heat supply water supply pipe through a heat supply network water outlet and enters an absorption heat exchanger unit (10) through a first inlet, primary network backwater enters the absorption heat exchanger unit (10) through a primary network backwater pipe (L18) and a second inlet under the drive of a primary network circulating water pump, the primary network backwater enters a primary network water supply pipe (L17) and a secondary network water supply pipe (L27) through a second outlet after absorbing the long-distance hot water heat and finally enters a heat user (11), the secondary network backwater pipe (L28) and the primary network backwater pipe (L18) sequentially enter after the temperature of the secondary network water is reduced, the long-distance hot water transfers the heat to the primary network backwater in the absorption heat exchanger unit (10) and then reduces the temperature of the long-distance water enters the long-distance backwater pipe (L11) through the first outlet, and part of the return water directly returns to the second condenser (6), part of the return water enters a desalted water supply main pipe (L19), desalted water in the desalted water supply main pipe (L19) enters a primary network water supply tank (12) through an inlet, enters a primary network water return pipe through an outlet and a primary network water supply pipe (L20) under the action of a constant pressure water supply pump (P5), the other part of the return water directly supplies industrial enterprise water users (13) with desalted water through the inlet, the rest part of the return water enters a blending water storage tank (14) through a first inlet and is blended with tap water entering through a tap water plant treated water delivery pipe and a second inlet, and the blended water is delivered to residents and public building water users (15) through the outlet and a municipal water delivery and distribution pipe (L22) under the action of a municipal water supply pressure water pump (P6) to provide domestic water.

As shown in fig. 2, the non-heating season: valves (V3, V7, V8, V9, V10, V12, V16, V17 and V18) are closed, valves (V1, V2, V4, V5, V6, V11, V13, V14 and V15) are opened, the specific implementation mode of the seawater desalination device is the same as that in the heating season, effluent water of a desalination water tank (5) enters an outlet pipe (L10) through an outlet, and enters a long-distance water return pipe (L11) under the driving action of a desalination water supply pump (P2) to be directly conveyed to industrial enterprise water users (13) and a blending water storage tank (14).

The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the application. Thus, the present application is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims (10)

1. The composite heat and water supply system based on waste heat utilization of the large nuclear power generating units is characterized by comprising a first nuclear power steam turbine unit (1) and a second nuclear power steam turbine unit (2), wherein the first nuclear power steam turbine unit is communicated with a first condenser (3), the first condenser (3) is communicated with a seawater desalination device (4), and the seawater desalination device is communicated with a second condenser (6); the second nuclear power steam turbine unit (2) is communicated with a second condenser (6), the second condenser (6) is sequentially communicated with a water/water heat exchanger (7) and an absorption heat pump (8), the absorption heat pump (8) is communicated with a steam/water heat exchanger (9), the steam/water heat exchanger (9) and the second condenser (6) are jointly communicated with an absorption heat exchanger unit (10), and the absorption heat exchanger unit (10) is communicated with a heat consumer (11), an industrial enterprise water consumer (13), and a residential and public building water consumer (15); the first nuclear power turbine unit (1) and the second nuclear power turbine unit (2) are both communicated with the absorption heat pump (8) and the steam/water heat exchanger (9).

2. The combined heat and water supply system based on waste heat utilization of the large-scale nuclear power generating unit as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the water supply system is provided with a primary network water supply tank (12) at the front end of a heat user (11), and the system is provided with a mixing water storage tank (14) at the front end of a residential and public water user (15).

3. The combined heat and water supply system based on waste heat utilization of the large nuclear power generating units as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the first nuclear power generating steam turbine unit (1) and the second nuclear power generating steam turbine unit (2) are respectively merged and connected into a steam extraction merging header pipe (L3) through a first heating steam extraction pipeline (L1) and a second heating steam extraction pipeline (L2), and the steam extraction merging header pipe is respectively communicated with the steam/water heat exchanger (9) and the absorption heat pump (8).

4. The combined heat and water supply system based on waste heat utilization of the large nuclear power generating units as claimed in claim 3, wherein exhaust steam generated by the first nuclear power generating turbine unit (1) enters a first condenser (3) through a first exhaust steam pipe (L4) to be condensed to release latent heat to heat circulating water, the first condenser (3) is communicated with an open sea area through a first circulating water inlet pipe (L6) and a first circulating water outlet pipe (L7), and a first circulating water pump (P1) is installed on the first circulating water inlet pipe (L6).

5. The combined heat and water supply system based on waste heat utilization of the large nuclear power generating unit as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that exhaust steam generated by the second nuclear power turbine unit (2) enters a second condenser (6) through a second exhaust steam pipe (L5) to be condensed to release latent heat to heat circulating water, the second condenser (6) is connected with the water/water heat exchanger (7) through a circulating cold water branch pipe (L23), and the second condenser (6) is connected with the absorption heat pump (8) through a circulating water inlet pipe (L14).

6. The combined heat and water supply system based on waste heat utilization of the large nuclear power generating unit as claimed in claim 3, wherein the steam/water heat exchanger (9) is connected with the absorption type heat exchanger unit (10) through a long heat supply water supply pipe (L16), and the absorption type heat exchanger unit (10) is connected with the heat consumer (11) through a primary network water supply pipe (L17), a secondary network water supply pipe (L27), a primary network water return pipe (L18), a secondary network water return pipe (L28) and a primary network circulating water pump (P4).

7. The combined heat and water supply system based on waste heat utilization of the large nuclear power generating unit as claimed in claim 6, wherein the pressure of exhausted steam discharged by the first nuclear power steam turbine unit (1) is 4 kPa.

8. The combined heat and water supply system based on waste heat utilization of large nuclear power generating units as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that the temperature of the outlet circulating water of the first condenser (3) is 25 ℃.

9. The combined heat and water supply system based on waste heat utilization of the large nuclear power generating unit as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that the return water temperature of the first outlet (102) of the absorption heat exchanger unit (10) is 25 ℃.

10. The combined heat and water supply system based on waste heat utilization of the large nuclear power generating unit as claimed in claim 6, wherein the pressure of exhausted steam discharged by the second nuclear power steam turbine unit (2) is 7.5 kPa.

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