CN214363698U

CN214363698U - Articulated mechanism and loader for articulated frame

Info

Publication number: CN214363698U
Application number: CN202022998730.9U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 程观润; 翟春联
Original assignee: Guangxi Liugong Machinery Co Ltd
Current assignee: Guangxi Liugong Machinery Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-12-15
Filing date: 2020-12-15
Publication date: 2021-10-08
Anticipated expiration: 2030-12-15

Abstract

The utility model relates to an articulated vehicle frame, in order to solve the problems of difficult disassembly and assembly and high processing precision requirement of the articulated mechanism of the prior loader frame, the utility model constructs an articulated mechanism and a loader for the articulated vehicle frame, wherein the articulated mechanism comprises a middle articulated plate articulated between an upper articulated plate and a lower articulated plate through an articulated shaft, one end of the articulated shaft is fixedly connected with a fixed plate, the fixed plate is fixedly connected with a first articulated piece, and a tapered roller bearing with a single inner ring and double rows of rollers is arranged between the articulated shaft and the middle articulated plate; and a bearing seat and a bearing retainer ring are respectively and fixedly arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the bearing. The utility model discloses well hinge mechanisms's assembly efficiency is high, easy dismouting, and maintainability promotes to machining requires to reduce.

Description

Articulated mechanism and loader for articulated frame

Technical Field

The utility model relates to an articulated frame, more specifically say, relate to an articulated mechanism and loader for articulated frame.

Background

Most front frames of the existing loader adopt hinged frames, the front frame and the rear frame are connected through a hinged mechanism, and the front frame and the rear frame swing relatively to realize machine steering.

The frame hinge mechanism of the existing loader comprises a front frame and a rear frame, wherein the front frame is provided with an upper hinged plate and a lower hinged plate which are arranged at intervals from top to bottom and are parallel to each other, the rear frame is provided with a middle hinged plate between the upper hinged plate and the lower hinged plate, a hinge shaft is inserted into coaxial hinge holes of the upper hinged plate, the middle hinged plate and the lower hinged plate, the lower end of the hinge shaft is fixedly connected with a fixed plate, and the fixed plate is fixed on the lower side surface of the lower hinged plate. Two parallel bearings are arranged between the middle hinged plate and the hinged shaft, and the bearings are single-row tapered roller bearings. The upper side surface and the lower side surface of the middle hinged plate are respectively and fixedly provided with an upper bearing seat and a lower bearing seat, and the upper bearing seat and the lower bearing seat fix outer rings of two bearings from the upper direction and the lower direction.

The hinge mechanism on the loader can bear complex radial force and axial force generated by steering, walking and operation of the loader, and the tapered roller bearing has strong adaptability to heavy-load working conditions and is widely applied to the loader. However, the following disadvantages also exist:

1. the adjustment of the two single-row tapered rollers arranged on the middle hinged plate is complex and long: after the upper bearing seat and the lower bearing seat are provided with the two single-row tapered roller bearings on the middle hinged plate through the adjusting gaskets and the fixing bolts, the rotating torque of the bearings needs to be ensured within a certain range value, and the bearings are not hinged too tightly or too loosely within the range value. If the bearing is too tight, the clearance of the bearing is very small, the roller is not sufficiently lubricated to cause early wear, and meanwhile, the steering pressure of the machine is high, and the consumed power of an engine is high; if the vibration is too loose, abnormal sound is generated when the machine runs. Therefore, the number of the adjusting gaskets needs to be repeatedly increased and decreased during assembly, so that adjustment is carried out, and the rotating moment of the bearing is ensured to meet requirements.

2. The bearing mounting hole on articulated shaft and middle articulated plate requires that the machining precision is high: because two single-row tapered roller bearings are paired and installed in the installation hole in the middle hinged plate, if the deviation of the hinged hole, the deviation of the two bearings and the deviation of the hinged shaft are large, the hinged shaft can be difficult to install in the bearing inner ring.

3. The articulated shaft is dismantled difficultly: when the hinge shaft needs to be disassembled due to the hinge quality problem, due to the fact that inner rings of the two bearings are not concentric, the hinge shaft is disassembled to generate large resistance, the hinge shaft is difficult to be disassembled normally, and the hinge shaft is disassembled in a destroying method in a long time.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The to-be-solved technical problem of the utility model is the problem that current loader frame hinge mechanisms dismouting difficulty, machining precision required are high, and provide an articulated mechanism and loader for the articulated formula frame to the easy dismouting of articulated mechanism, and reduce the manufacturing degree of difficulty.

The utility model discloses a realize that the technical scheme of its purpose is like: the hinge mechanism for the hinged frame comprises a first hinge piece and a second hinge piece, wherein the first hinge piece is provided with an upper hinge plate and a lower hinge plate which are arranged in parallel at intervals from top to bottom and are fixed oppositely, the second hinge piece is provided with a middle hinge plate positioned between the upper hinge plate and the lower hinge plate, a hinge shaft is inserted in coaxial hinge holes of the upper hinge plate, the middle hinge plate and the lower hinge plate, one end of the hinge shaft is fixedly connected with a fixed plate, the fixed plate is fixedly connected with the first hinge piece, and a bearing is arranged between the hinge shaft and the middle hinge plate; an upper bearing seat for fixing an upper outer ring of a bearing is fixedly arranged on the upper side surface of the middle hinged plate, and a lower bearing seat for fixing a lower outer ring of the bearing is fixedly arranged on the lower side surface of the middle hinged plate; the upper part of the bearing inner ring is provided with an upper bearing retainer ring, and two ends of the upper bearing retainer ring are respectively contacted with the bottom surface of the upper hinged plate and the upper end of the bearing inner ring; and the lower end of the lower bearing retainer ring passes through the hinge hole of the lower hinged plate and is contacted with the lug plate or the fixed plate at the end part of the hinge shaft.

In the hinge mechanism, the end ear plate of the hinge shaft is positioned on the upper side of the upper hinge plate, the lower end of the hinge shaft is fixedly connected with the fixed plate through a bolt, the fixed plate is fixed on the lower side of the lower hinge plate through a bolt, the lower end of the lower bearing retainer ring is in contact with the upper side surface of the fixed plate, and the fixed plate is a fixed part at the lower end of the hinge shaft. Or the end ear plate of the hinge shaft is positioned at the lower side of the lower hinge plate, the upper end of the hinge shaft is fixedly connected with the fixed plate through a bolt, the fixed plate is fixed at the upper side of the upper hinge plate through a bolt, the lower end of the lower bearing retainer ring is in contact with the upper side surface of the end ear plate of the hinge shaft, and the ear plate which is positioned at the end part of the hinge shaft and has an integrated structure is a fixed part at the end part of the lower end of the hinge shaft.

In the hinge mechanism, an outer ring baffle ring is arranged between two outer rings of the bearing, and the upper end and the lower end of the outer ring baffle ring are respectively contacted with the lower end of the upper outer ring of the bearing and the upper end of the lower outer ring of the bearing.

In the hinge mechanism, the middle hinge plate is provided with a plurality of through holes which vertically penetrate through the middle hinge plate around the hinge hole, and each through hole is internally provided with a locking bolt of which the upper end and the lower end are respectively and fixedly connected with the upper bearing seat and the lower bearing seat.

The utility model discloses a realize that the technical scheme of its purpose is like: a loader is constructed, comprising a front frame and a rear frame, characterized in that the front frame and the rear frame are articulated by the aforementioned articulation mechanism.

In the loader, the front frame and the rear frame are hinged through two groups of hinge mechanisms, and hinge shafts in the two groups of hinge mechanisms are coaxially arranged.

In the loader, the first hinge element of the hinge mechanism is disposed on the front frame, and the second hinge element is disposed on the rear frame.

In the loader, the first hinge part of one of the two hinge mechanisms is arranged on the front frame, the second hinge part of the other hinge mechanism is arranged on the rear frame, and the first hinge part of the other hinge mechanism is arranged on the rear frame and the second hinge part of the other hinge mechanism is arranged on the front frame.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the advantages of it is following:

1. the assembly efficiency is improved: when the frame is assembled and hinged on the loader assembly line, repeated adjustment is not needed, the production beat is reduced, the assembly time is shortened, and the assembly efficiency is improved.

2. The maintainability is promoted: when dismantling this technical scheme's articulated shaft, because be the resistance of an integral bearing inner race, compare two bearing inner races and mate when installing the phenomenon that the axiality has the deviation and produce very big resistance, can normally tear out more easily.

3. The mechanical processing requirement is reduced: due to the fact that the integral double-outer-ring double-row tapered roller bearing is used, tolerance grades with large deviation can be selected for the middle hinge hole and the hinge shaft which are matched with the integral double-outer-ring double-row tapered roller bearing, and the good product rate of parts added to the hoister is high.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the hinge mechanism of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a bearing in the hinge mechanism of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the loader of the present invention.

Part names and serial numbers in the figure:

the hinge assembly comprises a front frame 10, a first hinge piece 11, an upper hinge plate 12, a lower hinge plate 13, an upper bearing seat 2, a bearing 3, an inner ring 31, an upper row of rollers 32, a bearing upper outer ring 33, an outer ring baffle ring 34, a bearing lower outer ring 35, a lower row of rollers 36, an upper bearing baffle ring 4, a hinge shaft 5, an ear plate 51, a bolt 6, a rear frame 70, a second hinge piece 71, a middle hinge plate 72, a lower bearing seat 8, a lower bearing baffle ring 9, a fixing plate 14 and a bolt 15.

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments refers to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in fig. 3, the loader in this embodiment is an articulated frame loader, and the front frame 10 and the rear frame 70 of the loader are articulated by two pairs of articulated mechanisms.

As shown in fig. 1, the hinge mechanism includes a first hinge 11 and a second hinge 71, the first hinge 11 has an upper hinge plate 12 and a lower hinge plate 13 which are arranged in parallel and spaced from each other, and relatively fixes the upper hinge plate 12 and the lower hinge plate 13, the second hinge 71 has an intermediate hinge plate 72 located between the upper hinge plate 12 and the lower hinge plate 13, and the hinge shaft 5 is inserted into coaxial hinge holes of the upper hinge plate 12, the intermediate hinge plate 72, and the lower hinge plate 13. One end of the hinge shaft 5 has an ear plate 51 integrally formed therewith. The ear plate 51 of the hinge shaft is positioned at the upper side of the upper hinge plate 12, the lower end of the hinge shaft 5 is fixedly connected with the fixed plate 14 through the bolt 15, and the fixed plate 14 is positioned at the lower side of the lower hinge plate 13 and is fixedly connected with the lower hinge plate 13 through the bolt.

A bearing 3 is installed between the hinge shaft 5 and the intermediate hinge plate 72. As shown in fig. 2, the bearing 3 is a tapered roller bearing having a single inner ring, double rows of rollers and double outer rings, that is, the bearing 3 has one inner ring 31, two outer rings, namely, a bearing upper outer ring 33 and a bearing lower outer ring 35, the two outer rings are arranged in parallel, an upper row of rollers 32 is provided between the bearing upper outer ring 33 and the inner ring 31, and a lower row of rollers 36 is provided between the bearing lower outer ring 35 and the inner ring 31. An outer ring baffle ring 34 is arranged between the two outer rings, and the upper end and the lower end of the outer ring baffle ring 34 are respectively contacted with the lower end of the upper outer ring 33 of the bearing and the upper end of the lower outer ring 35 of the bearing.

As shown in fig. 1, the inner race 31 of the bearing is connected to the hinge shaft 5, and the outer race is connected to the intermediate hinge plate 72. An upper bearing housing 2 is mounted on the upper side of the middle hinge plate 72, and a lower bearing housing 8 is mounted on the lower side of the middle hinge plate 72. A plurality of through holes which vertically penetrate through the middle hinge plate 72 are formed in the middle hinge plate 72 around the hinge shaft, bolts 6 are arranged in the through holes, the upper end and the lower end of each bolt 6 are respectively and fixedly connected with the upper bearing seat 2 and the lower bearing seat 8, the upper bearing seat 2 presses the upper outer ring 33 of the bearing from the upper side, and the lower bearing seat 8 presses the lower outer ring 35 of the bearing from the lower side. The bearing outer ring is extruded and fixed in the upper direction and the lower direction.

An upper bearing retainer ring 4 is arranged above an inner ring 31 of the bearing, and the upper end and the lower end of the upper bearing retainer ring 4 are respectively contacted with the lower side surface of the upper hinge plate 12 and the upper end of the inner ring 31. And a lower bearing retainer ring 9 is arranged below the inner ring 31, the upper end of the lower bearing retainer ring 9 is contacted with the lower end of the inner ring 31, and the lower end of the lower bearing retainer ring 9 passes through a hinge hole on the lower hinge plate 13 to be contacted with the upper side surface of the fixed plate 14, so that the lower bearing retainer ring is axially abutted.

In this embodiment, the ear plate 51 of the hinge shaft is located on the upper side of the upper hinge plate 12, the hinge shaft 5 is inserted into the hinge hole of the upper hinge plate 12, the inner hole of the bearing inner race, and the hinge hole of the lower hinge plate 13 in sequence from the top when the hinge shaft is installed, and the lower end of the hinge shaft 5 is connected with the fixed plate 14. In practical application, the hinge shaft 5 can also be inserted from bottom to top, the ear plate 51 of the hinge shaft 5 is located at the lower side of the lower hinge plate 13, the upper end of the hinge shaft 5 is fixedly connected with the fixed plate 14, and the fixed plate 14 is located at the upper side of the upper hinge plate 12 and is fixedly connected with the upper hinge plate 12.

As shown in fig. 3, the front frame 10 and the rear frame 70 of the loader are hinged by two sets of hinge mechanisms as described above, and the hinge shafts 5 of the two sets of hinge mechanisms are coaxially arranged. In each set of hinge mechanisms, the first hinge 11 is provided on the front frame 10 to be integral with the front frame 10, and the second hinge 71 is provided on the rear frame 70 to be integral with the rear frame 70. The arrangement of the hinge mechanism between the front frame and the rear frame can also be as follows: in each set of hinge mechanisms, the second hinge 71 is arranged on the front frame and is integrated with the front frame 10; the first hinge member 11 is disposed on the rear frame 70 as an integral structure with the rear frame 70; or in two sets of hinge mechanisms, wherein the first hinge 11 of one set of hinge mechanisms is arranged on the front frame 10 and the second hinge 71 is arranged on the rear frame 70, and in the other set of hinge mechanisms the second hinge 71 is arranged on the front frame 10 and the first hinge 11 is arranged on the rear frame 70.

The frame hinge mechanisms in the embodiment are integrated, and the following two stations are required to be assembled: the station 1 is that a single inner ring double outer ring double row tapered roller bearing 3 is arranged in and fixed on a middle hinged plate 7. Station 2 is where the first hinge 111 and the second hinge 71 complete the final hinge assembly by means of the hinge axis 5.

The assembly of the station 1 is carried out according to the following procedures: the bearing 3 is firstly installed in the installation hole of the middle hinged plate 72, then the bearing 3 is firstly fixed on the middle hinged plate 72 through the fixing bolt 6, the upper bearing seat 2 and the lower bearing seat 8, and the second hinged piece assembly is assembled by directly tightening the fixing bolt 6 without any adjustment.

The assembly of the station 2 comprises the following steps: putting the upper bearing retainer ring 4 into the second hinging component assembled in the station 1, connecting the upper hinging plate 12 with the second hinging component by using the hinging shaft 5, and fixing the hinging shaft 5 by using the lower bearing retainer ring 9, the fixing plate 14 and the fixing bolt 15 to ensure that the first hinging piece 11 and the second hinging piece 71 are connected into a rotatable hinging mechanism.

Claims

1. A hinged mechanism for a hinged frame comprises a first hinged piece and a second hinged piece, wherein the first hinged piece is provided with an upper hinged plate and a lower hinged plate which are arranged in parallel at intervals up and down and are fixed oppositely, the second hinged piece is provided with a middle hinged plate positioned between the upper hinged plate and the lower hinged plate, the hinged plates are inserted into coaxial hinged holes of the upper hinged plate, the middle hinged plate and the lower hinged plate, one end of each hinged plate is fixedly connected with a fixed plate, the fixed plates are fixedly connected with the first hinged piece, and a bearing is arranged between each hinged plate and the middle hinged plate; an upper bearing seat for fixing an upper outer ring of a bearing is fixedly arranged on the upper side surface of the middle hinged plate, and a lower bearing seat for fixing a lower outer ring of the bearing is fixedly arranged on the lower side surface of the middle hinged plate; the upper part of the bearing inner ring is provided with an upper bearing retainer ring, and two ends of the upper bearing retainer ring are respectively contacted with the bottom surface of the upper hinged plate and the upper end of the bearing inner ring; and the lower end of the lower bearing retainer ring passes through the hinge hole of the lower hinged plate and is axially abutted and contacted with a fixed part fixed at the lower end part of the hinge shaft.

2. The hinge mechanism of claim 1, wherein the end ear plate of the hinge shaft is located at an upper side of the upper hinge plate, the lower end of the hinge shaft is fixedly connected to the fixed plate by a bolt, the fixed plate is fixed to a lower side of the lower hinge plate by a bolt, and the lower end of the lower retainer ring is in contact with an upper side surface of the fixed plate.

3. The hinge mechanism of claim 1, wherein the end lug of the hinge shaft is located at a lower side of the lower hinge plate, an upper end of the hinge shaft is fixedly connected to the fixing plate by a bolt, the fixing plate is fixed to an upper side of the upper hinge plate by a bolt, and a lower end of the lower retainer ring is in contact with an upper side surface of the end lug of the hinge shaft.

4. The hinge mechanism of articulated vehicle frame according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein an outer ring stopper is provided between two outer rings of the bearing, and upper and lower ends of the outer ring stopper are in contact with a lower end of an upper outer ring of the bearing and an upper end of a lower outer ring of the bearing, respectively.

5. The hinge mechanism of claim 1, wherein the middle hinge plate has a plurality of through holes extending through the middle hinge plate, and a locking bolt is disposed in each through hole, and the upper and lower ends of the locking bolt are fastened to the upper bearing housing and the lower bearing housing, respectively.

6. A loader comprising a front frame and a rear frame, characterized in that the front frame and the rear frame are articulated by an articulation mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

7. The loader of claim 6, wherein said front frame and said rear frame are hinged by two sets of hinge mechanisms, the hinge axes of said two sets of hinge mechanisms being coaxially arranged.

8. A loader according to claim 6 or 7 wherein the first articulation of the articulation mechanism is arranged on the front frame and the second articulation is arranged on the rear frame.

9. The loader of claim 7, wherein the first hinge member of one of the two sets of hinge mechanisms is disposed on the front frame and the second hinge member is disposed on the rear frame, and the first hinge member of the other set of hinge mechanisms is disposed on the rear frame and the second hinge member is disposed on the front frame.