CN214315415U

CN214315415U - Image sensor, camera module and electronic equipment

Info

Publication number: CN214315415U
Application number: CN202120647268.XU
Authority: CN
Inventors: 朱学艺
Original assignee: Guangdong Oppo Mobile Telecommunications Corp Ltd
Current assignee: Guangdong Oppo Mobile Telecommunications Corp Ltd
Priority date: 2021-03-30
Filing date: 2021-03-30
Publication date: 2021-09-28
Anticipated expiration: 2031-03-30

Abstract

The application provides an image sensor, a camera module and an electronic device. The image sensor comprises a plurality of photosensitive units and a plurality of polarizing units. The polarization unit comprises a first polarization part, a second polarization part, a third polarization part and a fourth polarization part which are arranged on the same layer, the first polarization part, the second polarization part, the third polarization part and the fourth polarization part are respectively arranged opposite to the at least one photosensitive unit, the first polarization part and the second polarization part are both used for transmitting linearly polarized light in an external scene, and the angle of the transmission axis of the first polarization part is different from that of the transmission axis of the second polarization part. The third polarization part and the fourth polarization part are used for transmitting circularly polarized light in an external scene, and the rotating direction of the transmission axis of the third polarization part is different from that of the transmission axis of the fourth polarization part. The application provides an image sensor, camera module and electronic equipment can resolve circular polarized light information, realizes that the multidimension degree of polarization state of light detects among the external environment.

Description

Image sensor, camera module and electronic equipment

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of imaging, in particular to an image sensor, a camera module and electronic equipment.

Background

Polarization is one of basic characteristics of light, and the detection and identification of the target object can be realized by detecting the polarization state of the light wave to distinguish and characterize the target object. However, the image sensor in the related art can only realize the analysis of the linearly polarized light information in the external environment and cannot realize the analysis of the circularly polarized light information.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The application provides an image sensor, camera module and electronic equipment that can analytic circular polarized light information.

In one aspect, the present application provides an image sensor comprising:

the light sensing units are used for converting received light signals into electric signals; and

the polarization units comprise a first polarization part, a second polarization part, a third polarization part and a fourth polarization part which are arranged on the same layer, the first polarization part, the second polarization part, the third polarization part and the fourth polarization part are respectively arranged opposite to at least one photosensitive unit, the first polarization part and the second polarization part are both used for transmitting linearly polarized light in an external scene, and the angle of the transmission axis of the first polarization part is different from that of the transmission axis of the second polarization part; the third polarization part and the fourth polarization part are both used for transmitting circularly polarized light in an external scene, and the rotating direction of the transmission axis of the third polarization part is different from that of the transmission axis of the fourth polarization part.

On the other hand, this application still provides a camera module, including optical lens, microscope base and image sensor, optical lens install in on the microscope base, image sensor locates in the microscope base, and with optical lens sets up relatively, optical lens is used for transmitting light extremely on the image sensor.

In another aspect, the present application further provides an electronic device, which includes a display screen and the camera module, wherein the display screen is electrically connected to the camera module, and the display screen is used for displaying the image shot by the camera module.

The image sensor provided by the application has the advantages that because the angle of the transmission axis of the first polarization part is different from the angle of the transmission axis of the second polarization part, therefore, the polarization direction of the linearly polarized light transmitted by the first polarization part is different from that of the linearly polarized light transmitted by the second polarization part, therefore, the linearly polarized light information in the external scene can be analyzed through the two polarized light components with different polarization directions on the photosensitive unit, since the rotation direction of the transmission axis of the third polarization part is different from that of the transmission axis of the fourth polarization part, therefore, can analyze the circularly polarized light information in the external scene according to the rotation direction of the transmission axis of the third polarization part, the rotation direction of the transmission axis of the fourth polarization part and the polarized light transmitted to the photosensitive unit by the third polarization part and the fourth polarization part, thereby realizing the multi-dimensional polarization state detection of the external environment light, and then, realizing multi-dimensional polarization imaging according to the analyzed linearly polarized light information and circularly polarized light information.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the electronic device shown in FIG. 1 including a display screen and a camera module;

FIG. 3 is a schematic plan view of the camera module of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an image sensor of the camera module shown in FIG. 3, which includes a plurality of light-sensing units and a plurality of polarization units;

FIG. 5 is a schematic plan view of a plurality of the photosensitive cells shown in FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a schematic side view of the polarizing unit of FIG. 4 with a first polarizing portion disposed opposite one of the light sensing units and a second polarizing portion disposed opposite one of the light sensing units;

FIG. 7 is a schematic plan view of the plurality of polarization units shown in FIG. 4;

FIG. 8 is a schematic plan view of the plurality of photosensitive units shown in FIG. 5 including a first photosensitive unit, a second photosensitive unit, a third photosensitive unit and a fourth photosensitive unit;

FIG. 9 is a schematic side view of the polarizing unit of FIG. 4 with a third polarizing portion disposed opposite one of the light sensing units and a fourth polarizing portion disposed opposite one of the light sensing units;

FIG. 10 is a schematic plane view of the polarization unit shown in FIG. 4, in which the first polarization part and the second polarization part are disposed diagonally and the third polarization part and the fourth polarization part are disposed diagonally;

FIG. 11 is a schematic plane view of the polarizing unit shown in FIG. 4, in which the first polarizing part, the second polarizing part, the third polarizing part and the fourth polarizing part are all triangular;

fig. 12 is a schematic plan view of the polarization unit shown in fig. 4 including a first polarization part, a second polarization part, a third polarization part, a fourth polarization part and a fifth polarization part;

FIG. 13 is a schematic plan view of the plurality of photosensitive units shown in FIG. 4 including a first photosensitive unit, a second photosensitive unit, a third photosensitive unit, a fourth photosensitive unit and a fifth photosensitive unit;

fig. 14 is a schematic side view of the fifth polarization part shown in fig. 12 including a third line polarization layer and a third wave plate layer;

fig. 15 is a schematic plan view of the fifth polarization part shown in fig. 12, which includes a first side surface, a second side surface, a third side surface and a fourth side surface;

fig. 16 is a schematic structural diagram of the image sensor shown in fig. 4 further including a plurality of filtering units;

fig. 17 is a schematic structural diagram of the plurality of filtering units shown in fig. 16 including a first filtering unit, a second filtering unit, a third filtering unit and a fourth filtering unit;

FIG. 18 is a schematic side view of the image sensor shown in FIG. 4 further including a first lens and a second lens;

fig. 19 is a side schematic view of the image sensor shown in fig. 4 further including a third lens and a fourth lens.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments. The embodiments listed in the present application may be appropriately combined with each other.

As shown in fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic external structural diagram of an electronic device 100 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The electronic device 100 may be a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a notebook computer, a vehicle, an unmanned aerial vehicle, a watch, a television, a digital camera, a camcorder, or the like capable of performing polarization imaging. The embodiment of the application takes a mobile phone as an example. The electronic apparatus 100 includes a camera module 1 and a display screen 2.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, the electronic device 100 further includes a housing 3 and a motherboard 4. The housing 3 includes a center frame 30 and a back plate 31. The middle frame 30 and the back plate 31 may be integrally formed or connected together. The display screen 2 is connected to a side of the middle frame 30 facing away from the back plate 31. The display screen 2, the middle frame 30 and the back plate 31 form a containing space 32. The camera module 1 is at least partially accommodated in the accommodating space 32. Optionally, the camera module 1 is a front camera module or a rear camera module. When the camera module 1 is a front camera module, the camera module 1 can be arranged in the display screen 2, or arranged on one side of the display screen 2 facing the backboard 31. When camera module 1 is the rear camera module, camera module 1 can locate 31 one side towards display screen 2 of backplate, perhaps, camera module 1 can also partly stretch out outside backplate 31. In one embodiment, the main board 4 is disposed between the display screen 2 and the back plate 31, and is disposed opposite to the back plate 31. The camera module 1 is disposed on the main board 4 and faces the back plate 31. The camera module 1 obtains light through the light-transmitting area on the back plate 31 to perform image pickup.

Wherein, the display screen 2 is electrically connected with the camera module 1. The display screen 2 is used for displaying images shot by the camera module 1. In an embodiment, the display screen 2 and the camera module 1 are electrically connected to the motherboard 4, and the motherboard 4 is used for displaying the image shot by the camera module 1 on the display screen 2.

Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the camera module 1 includes an image sensor 10, an optical lens 11, and a lens holder 12. The optical lens 11 may be any one of a P-type, an E-type, an L-type, or an auto zoom lens. The optical lens 11 is mounted on the lens holder 12. Optionally, the optical lens 11 is fixedly connected to the lens holder 12. For example: the optical lens 11 and the lens holder 12 can be connected by bonding, screwing, or snapping. The optical lens 11 is used for collecting light in an external environment and transmitting the collected light to the image sensor 10. The image sensor 10 is disposed in the lens holder 12 and is disposed opposite to the optical lens 11. It will be appreciated that the image sensor 10 is disposed opposite the optical lens 11 in the direction of propagation of the light. The propagation direction of the light is shown in fig. 3, which is the Z-axis direction. In one embodiment, the image sensor 10 is configured to receive light transmitted by the optical lens 11, convert the received light into an electrical signal, and display the electrical signal on the display screen 2 in the form of an image through the motherboard 4; or stored in memory on the motherboard 4.

As shown in fig. 4, fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an image sensor 10 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The image sensor 10 includes a plurality of light sensing units 101 and a plurality of polarization units 102.

Referring to fig. 5 and 6, the light sensing unit 101 may be a Charge-coupled Device (CCD) Device or a Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS). In the embodiment of the present application, the light sensing unit 101 may be selected as a photodiode. The number of the photosensitive units 101 is not limited in the present application. The shape of each photosensitive unit 101 may be a triangle, a quadrangle, or other polygons, etc. In the embodiment of the present application, the photosensitive unit 101 is square, for example, without any particular description. The plurality of light-sensing units 101 may be arranged in a matrix, or a honeycomb form. In the embodiment of the present application, a plurality of photosensitive units 101 are arranged in a matrix form as an example without specific description. Alternatively, a plurality of photosensitive units 101 are disposed in the same layer. In other words, the plurality of photosensitive units 101 are flush in the thickness direction of the image sensor 10. The thickness direction of the image sensor 10 is shown in fig. 6 as the Z-axis direction. It will be appreciated that the thickness direction of the image sensor 10 is the direction of propagation of light within the external environment. The light sensing unit 101 is used for converting the received light signal into an electrical signal. Optionally, the multiple photosensitive units 101 are disposed at intervals to avoid interference between light signals on the multiple photosensitive units 101, or interference between electrical signals on the multiple photosensitive units 101.

Referring to fig. 5 to 7, the polarization unit 102 is disposed on the photosensitive side of the plurality of photosensitive units 101. In other words, the light in the external environment is incident on the corresponding light-sensing unit 101 after passing through the plurality of polarization units 102. The number of the polarization units 102 is not limited in the present application. The shape of each polarization unit 102 may be a triangle, a quadrangle, or other polygons, etc. In the embodiment of the present application, the polarizing unit 102 is square, for example, without specific description. The plurality of polarization units 102 may be arranged in a matrix, or a honeycomb arrangement of the plurality of polarization units 102. In the embodiment of the present application, a plurality of polarization units 102 are arranged in a matrix without specific description. Optionally, the plurality of polarization units 102 are disposed in the same layer. In other words, the plurality of polarization units 102 are flush in the thickness direction of the image sensor 10. The thickness direction of the image sensor 10 is shown in fig. 6 as the Z-axis direction.

Referring to fig. 7 and 8, each polarization unit 102 includes a first polarization part 120, a second polarization part 121, a third polarization part 122, and a fourth polarization part 123 arranged in the same layer. Fig. 7 shows only the first polarization unit 120, the second polarization unit 121, the third polarization unit 122, and the fourth polarization unit 123 of the first polarization unit 102, and the first polarization unit 102 can be referred to for a plurality of polarization units of other polarization units 102. The first polarization unit 120, the second polarization unit 121, the third polarization unit 122, and the fourth polarization unit 123 are disposed opposite to at least one of the light sensing units 101. It is understood that the first polarization part 120 is disposed opposite to the at least one light sensing unit 101. The second polarization part 121 is disposed opposite to the at least one photosensitive cell 101. The third polarization part 122 is disposed opposite to the at least one photosensitive cell 101. The fourth polarization part 123 is disposed opposite to the at least one photosensitive cell 101. In one embodiment, the first polarization portion 120, the second polarization portion 121, the third polarization portion 122, and the fourth polarization portion 123 are disposed opposite to one of the photosensitive units 101. In another embodiment, the first polarizer 120, the second polarizer 121, the third polarizer 122, and the fourth polarizer 123 are disposed opposite to the plurality of photosensitive units 101, for example: the first polarization unit 120, the second polarization unit 121, the third polarization unit 122, and the fourth polarization unit 123 are disposed to face the 2 × 2 or 3 × 3 photosensitive cells 101, respectively. Of course, in other embodiments, the first polarization part 120, the second polarization part 121, the third polarization part 122 and the fourth polarization part 123 may be respectively disposed opposite to different numbers of the photosensitive units 101. In the following embodiments, the first polarizer 120, the second polarizer 121, the third polarizer 122, and the fourth polarizer 123 are disposed opposite to one photosensitive cell 101. Note that the photosensitive cell 101 facing the first polarizing section 120 is referred to as a first photosensitive cell 110, the photosensitive cell 101 facing the first polarizing section 120 is referred to as a second photosensitive cell 112, the photosensitive cell 101 facing the third polarizing section 122 is referred to as a third photosensitive cell 113, and the photosensitive cell 101 facing the fourth polarizing section 123 is referred to as a fourth photosensitive cell 114. The first polarization part 120, the second polarization part 121, the third polarization part 122 and the fourth polarization part 123 are respectively disposed opposite to the first light sensing unit 110, the second light sensing unit 112, the third light sensing unit 113 and the fourth light sensing unit 114, so that it can be understood that the polarized light transmitted by the first polarization part 120 can be incident on the first light sensing unit 110, the polarized light transmitted by the second polarization part 121 can be incident on the second light sensing unit 112, the polarized light transmitted by the third polarization part 122 can be incident on the third light sensing unit 113, and the polarized light transmitted by the fourth polarization part 123 can be incident on the fourth light sensing unit 114. When the first polarizer 120, the second polarizer 121, the third polarizer 122, and the fourth polarizer 123 are aligned with the first light-sensing unit 110, the second light-sensing unit 112, the third light-sensing unit 113, and the fourth light-sensing unit 114, respectively, the polarized light transmitted through the first polarizer 120 is substantially totally incident on the first light-sensing unit 110, the polarized light transmitted through the second polarizer 121 is substantially totally incident on the second light-sensing unit 112, the polarized light transmitted through the third polarizer 122 is substantially totally incident on the third light-sensing unit 113, and the polarized light transmitted through the fourth polarizer 123 is substantially totally incident on the fourth light-sensing unit 114.

The first polarizer 120, the second polarizer 121, the third polarizer 122, and the fourth polarizer 123 may be a polarizing crystal, a polarizing film, a wire grid, or the like. The first polarizer 120, the second polarizer 121, the third polarizer 122, and the fourth polarizer 123 may be integrally molded or may be separately molded.

The first polarizer 120 and the second polarizer 121 are both configured to transmit linearly polarized light in an external scene, and an angle of a transmission axis of the first polarizer 120 is different from an angle of a transmission axis of the second polarizer 121. In the embodiment of the present application, the first polarization part 120 includes a plurality of metal wire grids arranged in a certain direction, the second polarization part 121 includes a plurality of metal wire grids arranged in a certain direction, and the arrangement direction of the metal wire grids in the first polarization part 120 is different from the arrangement direction of the metal wire grids in the second polarization part 121. It can be understood that since the angle of the transmission axis of the first polarizer 120 is different from the angle of the transmission axis of the second polarizer 121, the polarization direction of the linearly polarized light that can transmit the first polarizer 120 is different from the polarization direction of the linearly polarized light that can transmit the second polarizer 121. In the following embodiments, the linearly polarized light that can be transmitted through the first polarizer 120 among the light beams in the external environment is referred to as a first linearly polarized light, and the linearly polarized light that can be transmitted through the second polarizer 121 is referred to as a second linearly polarized light.

The third polarizer 122 and the fourth polarizer 123 are both configured to transmit circularly polarized light in an external scene, and a rotation direction of a transmission axis of the third polarizer 122 is different from a rotation direction of a transmission axis of the fourth polarizer 123. It can be understood that since the handedness of the transmission axis of the third polarizer 122 is different from that of the transmission axis of the fourth polarizer 123, the handedness of the circularly polarized light that can pass through the third polarizer 122 is different from that of the circularly polarized light that can pass through the fourth polarizer 123. In the following embodiments, of the light in the external environment, the circularly polarized light that can pass through the third polarizer 122 is referred to as a first circularly polarized light, and the circularly polarized light that can pass through the fourth polarizer 123 is referred to as a second circularly polarized light.

In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 9, the third polarization part 122 includes a first linear polarization layer 1220 and a first wave plate layer 1221 stacked together. Among them, the first wave plate layer 1221 may be a quarter wave plate. The fourth polarizing part 123 includes a second linear polarizing layer 1230 and a second wave plate layer 1231 which are stacked. Among them, the second wave plate layer 1231 may be a quarter wave plate. The first wave plate layer 1221, the first linear polarization layer 1220 and the third light sensing unit 113 are sequentially arranged along the thickness direction of the image sensor 10. The second wave plate layer 1231, the second linear polarization layer 1230 and the fourth photosensitive unit 114 are sequentially arranged along the thickness direction of the image sensor 10. As can be understood, the first circularly polarized light in the external scene forms the third linearly polarized light after passing through the first wave plate layer 1221 to be emitted to the third photosensitive unit 113 through the first linear polarization layer 1220. The second circularly polarized light in the external scene forms fourth linearly polarized light after passing through the second wave plate to be emitted to the fourth photosensitive unit 114 through the second linearly polarized layer 1230.

Optionally, the circularly polarized light information in the light of the external environment is analyzed through the first linearly polarized light acquired by the first photosensitive unit 110 and the second linearly polarized light acquired by the second photosensitive unit 112, and the circularly polarized light information in the light of the external environment is analyzed through the third linearly polarized light acquired by the third photosensitive unit 113, the fourth linearly polarized light acquired by the fourth photosensitive unit 114, the rotation direction of the transmission axis of the third photosensitive unit 113, and the rotation direction of the transmission axis of the fourth photosensitive unit 114. Since the third polarizer 122 and the fourth polarizer 123 are disposed at the same time, and the rotation direction of the transmission axis of the third polarizer 122 is different from that of the transmission axis of the fourth polarizer 123, the image sensor 10 provided in the present application can avoid the problem of failure or error in analyzing circular polarization information when there are multiple circularly polarized lights in one rotation direction in an external scene compared with the technical solution of disposing only one circularly polarized light plate in one rotation direction.

The image sensor 10 provided by the present application is advantageous in that since the angle of the transmission axis of the first polarization part 120 is different from the angle of the transmission axis of the second polarization part 121, therefore, the linearly polarized light transmitted by the first polarizer 120 and the linearly polarized light transmitted by the second polarizer 121 have different polarization directions, thus, the linearly polarized light information in the external scene can be resolved by two polarized light components on the light sensing unit 101 having different polarization directions, since the rotation direction of the transmission axis of the third polarization part 122 is different from that of the transmission axis of the fourth polarization part 123, therefore, the circularly polarized light information in the external scene can be analyzed according to the rotation direction of the transmission axis of the third polarizer 122, the rotation direction of the transmission axis of the fourth polarizer 123, and the polarized light transmitted to the photosensitive unit 101 by the third polarizer 122 and the fourth polarizer 123, so as to realize the multi-dimensional polarization state detection of the light in the external environment, and then, realizing multi-dimensional polarization imaging according to the analyzed linearly polarized light information and circularly polarized light information.

In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 10, the first polarization part 120, the second polarization part 121, the third polarization part 122 and the fourth polarization part 123 are arranged in a 2 × 2 matrix. Optionally, the first polarization part 120 and the second polarization part 121 are diagonally disposed, and the third polarization part 122 and the fourth polarization part 123 are diagonally disposed. Fig. 10 shows only the first polarization unit 120, the second polarization unit 121, the third polarization unit 122, and the fourth polarization unit 123 of the first polarization unit 102, and the first polarization unit 102 can be referred to for a plurality of polarization units of other polarization units 102.

In this embodiment, the first polarization part 120 and the second polarization part 121 are disposed diagonally, the third polarization part 122 and the fourth polarization part 123 are disposed diagonally, the polarization parts for transmitting the linearly polarized light and the polarization parts for transmitting the circularly polarized light in the plurality of polarization units 102 can be arranged alternately, the situation that the polarization parts for transmitting the linearly polarized light and the polarization parts for transmitting the circularly polarized light are arranged alternately after the plurality of polarization units 102 are in a square matrix form is avoided, thereby reducing the instantaneous field-of-view error of the analyzed linearly polarized light information and circularly polarized light information caused by the instantaneous field-of-view distance between the polarization parts for transmitting linearly polarized light or polarization parts for transmitting circularly polarized light of the adjacent polarization units 102, the linearly polarized light information obtained through analysis is closer to the linearly polarized light information in the external environment, and the circularly polarized light information obtained through analysis is closer to the circularly polarized light information in the external environment.

Alternatively, the direction of the transmission axis of the first polarization part 120 is orthogonal to the direction of the transmission axis of the second polarization part 121. Wherein, the angle range of the transmission axis of the first polarization part 120 can be selected from 0 degree to 20 degrees, and the angle range of the transmission axis of the second polarization part 121 can be selected from 80 degrees to 100 degrees; or, the angle of the transmission axis of the first polarization part 120 may be selected to be in a range of 80 ° to 100 °, and the angle of the transmission axis of the second polarization part 121 may be selected to be in a range of 0 ° to 20 °. In one embodiment, the angle of the transmission axis of the first polarization part 120 is 0 °, and the angle of the transmission axis of the second polarization part 121 is 90 °. It is understood that the polarization direction of the polarized light emitted through the first polarization part 120 is 0 °, and the polarization direction of the polarized light emitted through the second polarization part 121 is 90 °. In other embodiments, the first polarization part 120 may have other transmission axes, such as: the angle of the transmission axis of the first polarization part 120 may be selected from a range of 30 to 50 °. In other embodiments, the second polarization part 121 may have other transmission axes, such as: the angle of the transmission axis of the second polarization part 121 may be selected from a range of 110 ° to 170 °.

The rotation direction of the transmission axis of the third polarization part 122 is opposite to that of the transmission axis of the fourth polarization part 123. The rotation direction of the transmission axis of the third polarization part 122 is optionally clockwise, and the rotation direction of the fourth polarization part 123 is optionally counterclockwise; alternatively, the rotation direction of the transmission axis of the third polarizer 122 may be selected to be counterclockwise, and the rotation direction of the fourth polarizer 123 may be selected to be clockwise. In one embodiment, the rotation direction of the transmission axis of the third polarizer 122 is clockwise, and the rotation direction of the fourth polarizer 123 is counterclockwise. It is understood that the third polarizer 122 is used to transmit right-circularly polarized light, and the fourth polarizer 123 is used to transmit left-circularly polarized light.

In this embodiment, the transmission axis of the first polarizer 120 is orthogonal to the transmission axis of the second polarizer 121, so that the first linearly polarized light and the second linearly polarized light with two orthogonal polarization directions can be induced on the first photosensitive unit 110 and the second photosensitive unit 112. All kinds of linearly polarized light can be represented by two linearly polarized light components with orthogonal polarization directions. Therefore, various linearly polarized light lines in the external environment can be analyzed according to the first linearly polarized light and the second linearly polarized light with the two orthogonal polarization directions. In addition, the rotation direction of the transmission axis of the third polarizer 122 is opposite to that of the transmission axis of the fourth polarizer 123, so that the third polarizer 122 and the fourth polarizer 123 transmit two circularly polarized lights with opposite rotation directions, and thus, various circularly polarized lights in the external environment can be analyzed from the two circularly polarized lights with opposite rotation directions.

Optionally, the first polarization portion 120, the second polarization portion 121, the third polarization portion 122 and the fourth polarization portion 123 are all quadrilateral, or the first polarization portion 120, the second polarization portion 121, the third polarization portion 122 and the fourth polarization portion 123 are all triangular.

In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 10, the first polarization portion 120, the second polarization portion 121, the third polarization portion 122 and the fourth polarization portion 123 are all quadrilateral. The first polarization part 120, the second polarization part 121, the third polarization part 122 and the fourth polarization part 123 are adjacent to each other two by two to form a square polarization unit 102. It is understood that the first polarization part 120, the second polarization part 121, the third polarization part 122 and the fourth polarization part 123 form the square polarization unit 102, and the plurality of polarization units 102 are arranged in a matrix or a matrix.

In another embodiment, as shown in fig. 11, the first polarization portion 120, the second polarization portion 121, the third polarization portion 122 and the fourth polarization portion 123 are triangular. Fig. 11 shows only the first polarization unit 120, the second polarization unit 121, the third polarization unit 122, and the fourth polarization unit 123 of the first polarization unit 102, and the first polarization unit 102 can be referred to for a plurality of polarization units of other polarization units 102. The first polarization part 120, the second polarization part 121, the third polarization part 122 and the fourth polarization part 123 are sequentially adjacent to form a rectangular or square polarization unit 102. It is understood that the first polarization part 120, the second polarization part 121, the third polarization part 122 and the fourth polarization part 123 form a rectangular polarization unit 102, and the plurality of polarization units 102 are arranged in a matrix or a square matrix.

Optionally, referring to fig. 12 and 13, each polarization unit 102 further includes a fifth polarization part 124. Fig. 12 shows only the first polarization unit 120, the second polarization unit 121, the third polarization unit 122, the fourth polarization unit 123, and the fifth polarization unit 124 of the first polarization unit 102, and the first polarization unit 102 can be referred to for a plurality of polarization units of other polarization units 102. The fifth polarizer 124 is used to transmit elliptically polarized light in the external scene. The fifth polarization part 124 is disposed at the same layer as the first polarization part 120. It is understood that the first polarization part 120, the second polarization part 121, the third polarization part 122, the fourth polarization part 123 and the fifth polarization part 124 are all disposed in the same layer. The fifth polarization part 124 is disposed opposite to the at least one photosensitive cell 101. In one embodiment, the fifth polarizer 124 is disposed opposite to one of the light sensing units 101. In another embodiment, the fifth polarizer 124 is disposed opposite to the plurality of light sensing units 101, for example: the fifth polarization part 124 is disposed opposite to the 2 × 2 or 3 × 3 photosensitive cells 101. In the following embodiments, it is exemplified that the fifth polarizing section 124 is disposed opposite to one photosensitive unit 101, and the photosensitive unit 101 disposed opposite to the fifth polarizing section 124 is referred to as a fifth photosensitive unit 115. As can be understood, the fifth polarizer 124 is used to transmit elliptically polarized light in the external environment and to emit the transmitted elliptically polarized light onto the fifth photosensitive unit 115. In this embodiment, the fifth polarizer 124 is arranged and configured to transmit elliptically polarized light, so that the elliptically polarized light information in the external environment can be analyzed through the polarized light induced on the fifth light sensing unit 115, and the analysis of the linearly polarized light information, the circularly polarized light information, and the elliptically polarized light information in the external environment is realized.

In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 14, the fifth polarizer 124 includes a third linear polarizer layer 1240 and a third polarizer layer 1241. Among them, the third wave plate layer 1241 may be a quarter wave plate. The third wave plate layer 1241, the third wire polarization layer 1240 and the fifth photosensitive unit 115 are sequentially arranged along the thickness direction of the image sensor 10. As can be understood, the elliptically polarized light in the external scene passes through the third wave plate layer 1241 to form a fifth linearly polarized light, so as to pass through the fifth linearly polarized layer and be emitted onto the fifth photosensitive unit 115.

Alternatively, as shown in fig. 15, the fifth polarization part 124 has a quadrangular shape. Fig. 15 shows only the first polarization unit 120, the second polarization unit 121, the third polarization unit 122, the fourth polarization unit 123, and the fifth polarization unit 124 of the first polarization unit 102, and the first polarization unit 102 can be referred to for a plurality of polarization units of other polarization units 102. The fifth polarization part 124 includes a first side 124a, a second side 124b, a third side 124c and a fourth side 124d connected end to end. The first side surface 124a is adjacent to the first polarization part 120. The second side surface 124b is adjacent to the second polarization part 121. The third side surface 124c is adjacent to the third polarization part 122. The fourth side surface 124d is adjacent to the fourth polarization part 123. In this embodiment, the fifth polarization part 124 is quadrilateral, and the side surfaces of the fifth polarization part 124 are respectively adjacent to the first polarization part 120, the second polarization part 121, the third polarization part 122 and the fourth polarization part 123, so that the arrangement of the five polarization parts in a honeycomb form is facilitated, and the compactness of the arrangement of the plurality of polarization units 102 is improved.

Further, as shown in fig. 16, the image sensor 10 further includes a plurality of filter units 103. Each filter unit 103 is disposed between one polarization unit 102 and at least four light-sensing units 101. The filter unit 103 is used for transmitting light within a predetermined wavelength range.

In the embodiment of the present application, the number of the filter units 103 is the same as the number of the polarization units 102. When one polarizing unit 102 is disposed opposite to the four photosensitive units 101, each filtering unit 103 is disposed between one polarizing unit 102 and the four photosensitive units 101. In other embodiments, when the first polarizer 120, the second polarizer 121, the third polarizer 122 and the fourth polarizer 123 are disposed opposite to 2 × 2 photosensitive cells 101, i.e., one polarizer 102 is disposed opposite to sixteen photosensitive cells 101, each filter 103 is disposed between one polarizer 102 and sixteen photosensitive cells 101. When the first polarizer 120, the second polarizer 121, the third polarizer 122, the fourth polarizer 123, and the fifth polarizer 124 are disposed opposite to the 2 × 2 photosensitive cells 101, i.e., one polarizer 102 is disposed opposite to the twenty photosensitive cells 101, each filter 103 is disposed between one polarizer 102 and the twenty photosensitive cells 101. It can be understood that various polarized light rays in the external scene sequentially pass through the polarization unit 102 and the filtering unit 103 and then exit onto the light sensing unit 101. Wherein the plurality of filter units 103 are flush in the thickness direction of the image sensor 10.

Two adjacent filter units 103 are used for transmitting light rays with different colors. Four filter units 103 arranged in an array form one repeating unit.

In an embodiment, referring to fig. 16 and 17, the four filter units 103 arranged in an array are respectively identified as a first filter unit 131, a second filter unit 132, a third filter unit 133, and a fourth filter unit 134. The first light filtering unit 131, the second light filtering unit 132, the third light filtering unit 133 and the fourth light filtering unit 134 may form any one of pixel units such as RGGB (red, green, and blue), BGGR (blue, green, and red), GRBG (green, red, blue, green), RYYB (red, yellow, blue), RGBW (red, green, blue, white), and the like. When the first filter unit 131, the second filter unit 132, the third filter unit 133 and the fourth filter unit 134 form RGGB, BGGR and GRBG pixel units, the two filter units 103 for transmitting green light rays may be diagonally disposed. When the first filter unit 131, the second filter unit 132, the third filter unit 133 and the fourth filter unit 134 form an RYYB pixel unit, the two filter units 103 for transmitting yellow light may be diagonally disposed. In this embodiment, the filtering unit 103 is disposed between the polarizing unit 102 and the light sensing unit 101, so that the polarization information and the color information can be extracted, and thus, a polarized image with colors can be formed.

Further, as shown in fig. 18, the image sensor 10 further includes a plurality of lens assemblies 104 and a plurality of leads 105.

Referring to fig. 18 and 19, the lens assembly 104 includes a first lens 140, a second lens 141, a third lens 142 and a fourth lens 143. The first lens 140 is disposed on a side of the first polarization part 120 away from the first light sensing unit 110. The second lens 141 is disposed on a side of the second polarization part 121 facing away from the second photosensitive unit 112. The third lens 142 is disposed on a side of the third polarizing portion 122 facing away from the third photosensitive unit 113. The fourth lens 143 is disposed on a side of the fourth polarizing part 123 facing away from the fourth photosensitive unit 114. The first lens 140, the second lens 141, the third lens 142 and the fourth lens 143 are respectively configured to converge light to the first polarization part 120, the second polarization part 121, the third polarization part 122 and the fourth polarization part 123. In this embodiment, by providing the lens assembly 104, light in an external environment can be converged onto the corresponding polarization portion, so that the utilization rate of the light and the imaging efficiency are improved.

Each lead 105 is electrically connected to one of the photosensitive cells 101. The leads 105 are used to transmit electrical signals on the corresponding light sensing units 101. In one embodiment, each lead 105 is disposed on a side of the corresponding light-sensing unit 101 facing away from the polarization unit 102. The plurality of leads 105 are arranged in a row direction and/or a column direction, so that the plurality of leads 105 are arranged straightly and adjacent leads 105 can be arranged in parallel to avoid crosstalk between the plurality of leads 105.

The foregoing is a partial description of the present application, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present application, and these modifications and decorations are also regarded as the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An image sensor, comprising:

2. The image sensor of claim 1, wherein the polarization unit has a polygonal shape, the first polarization part is disposed diagonally to the second polarization part, and the third polarization part is disposed diagonally to the fourth polarization part.

3. The image sensor of claim 1, wherein the first, second, third and fourth polarizing portions are all quadrilateral in shape; alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,

the first polarization part, the second polarization part, the third polarization part and the fourth polarization part are all triangular in shape.

4. The image sensor according to claim 1, wherein a direction of the transmission axis of the first polarization part is orthogonal to a direction of the transmission axis of the second polarization part, and a rotation direction of the transmission axis of the third polarization part is opposite to a rotation direction of the transmission axis of the fourth polarization part.

5. The image sensor according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the polarization unit further comprises a fifth polarization part, the fifth polarization part is disposed on the same layer as the first polarization part, the fifth polarization part is disposed opposite to the at least one light-sensing unit, and the fifth polarization part is configured to transmit elliptically polarized light in an external scene.

6. The image sensor according to claim 5, wherein the fifth polarization part has a quadrilateral shape, and the fifth polarization part includes a first side surface, a second side surface, a third side surface, and a fourth side surface, the first side surface is adjacent to the outer peripheral surface of the first polarization part, the second side surface is adjacent to the outer peripheral surface of the second polarization part, the third side surface is adjacent to the outer peripheral surface of the third polarization part, and the fourth side surface is adjacent to the outer peripheral surface of the fourth polarization part.

7. The image sensor of any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising a plurality of filtering units, wherein the filtering units are disposed between one of the polarization units and at least four of the photosensitive units, and the filtering units are configured to transmit light within a predetermined wavelength range.

8. The image sensor of claim 7, wherein two adjacent filter units are configured to transmit light of different colors, and four filter units arranged in an array form a repeating unit.

9. The image sensor of any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the image sensor further comprises a plurality of lens assemblies, each of the lens assemblies comprises a first lens, a second lens, a third lens and a fourth lens, the first lens is disposed on a side of the first polarization portion away from the photosensitive unit, the second lens is disposed on a side of the second polarization portion away from the photosensitive unit, the third lens is disposed on a side of the third polarization portion away from the photosensitive unit, the fourth lens is disposed on a side of the fourth polarization portion away from the photosensitive unit, and the first lens, the second lens, the third lens and the fourth lens are respectively configured to converge light to the first polarization portion, the second polarization portion, the third polarization portion and the fourth polarization portion.

10. A camera module, comprising an optical lens, a lens holder and the image sensor of any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the optical lens is mounted on the lens holder, the image sensor is disposed in the lens holder and is disposed opposite to the optical lens, and the optical lens is configured to transmit light to the image sensor.

11. An electronic device, comprising a display screen and the camera module according to claim 10, wherein the display screen is electrically connected to the camera module, and the display screen is used for displaying images captured by the camera module.