CN214314639U - Passive equalization control protection circuit and high-current passive equalization control protection circuit - Google Patents

Passive equalization control protection circuit and high-current passive equalization control protection circuit Download PDF

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CN214314639U
CN214314639U CN202120234638.7U CN202120234638U CN214314639U CN 214314639 U CN214314639 U CN 214314639U CN 202120234638 U CN202120234638 U CN 202120234638U CN 214314639 U CN214314639 U CN 214314639U
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resistor
current
mos pipe
mos
balanced
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姚敦平
郑岳军
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Saivante Systems
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Dongguan Fenggu Technology Co ltd
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Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of the battery management system technique and specifically relates to indicate passive balanced control protection circuit of passive balanced control protection circuit and heavy current, it includes current-limiting resistance, lamp pearl, balanced MOS pipe and MOS pipe control circuit, electric core with current-limiting resistance, lamp pearl, balanced MOS pipe interconnect are in the same place, MOS pipe control circuit with the grid of balanced MOS pipe is connected. The utility model has the advantages that: the LED lamp beads are used for replacing the balance resistors, so that the cell can be protected from over-discharge damage under the condition that the balance MOS tube is in failure and short-circuit, and the loss is reduced; a radiator is not needed, so that the cost is reduced; the software control logic is simplified; in the application occasions where the balance current needs to be increased, only one or more identical balance branches need to be connected in parallel, the problems of failure and heat dissipation of the balance MOS tube are avoided, the design is simplified, and the product can be conveniently and quickly used on the market.

Description

Passive equalization control protection circuit and high-current passive equalization control protection circuit
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of the battery management system technique and specifically relates to indicate passive balanced control protection circuit and the passive balanced control protection circuit of heavy current.
Background
The lithium battery energy storage battery pack is generally formed by connecting a plurality of battery cells in series, and the requirement on the consistency of the battery cells is higher when the battery cells are more and more connected in series, so that the capacity performance of the battery pack can be fully exerted. In response to this demand, various BMS based on equalization control have come into existence, and are mainly classified into two categories, passive equalization and active equalization. Passive equalization has been integrated in the chip by various large battery management chip manufacturers due to its simple circuit structure, easy control, and low cost, and has been widely used.
The balance branch of the mainstream passive balance scheme is composed of balance resistors and balance MOS (metal oxide semiconductor) tubes, the branch is connected to two ends of the battery cell in parallel, when the battery cell in the series battery needs to be balanced, the balance MOS tubes of the branch are conducted, the balance resistors are connected to two ends of the battery cell in parallel, surplus electric quantity of the battery cell is consumed, and the capacity of each battery cell in the battery pack tends to be consistent. And after the equalization is finished, the battery management chip controls the equalization MOS tube to be cut off, the equalization branch is disconnected with the battery core, and the electric quantity of the battery is not consumed any more. This requires the balanced MOS transistor to have high reliability, withstand voltage, current surge, electrostatic protection, and the like. When the balance MOS tube is damaged, the drain level and the source level of the MOS tube are directly connected, the balance resistor is always connected in parallel at two ends of the battery cell, the electric quantity of the battery cell is continuously consumed, and finally the battery cell is damaged by over-discharge. And a passive equalization circuit failure detection circuit is added by some manufacturers, but as long as the equalization MOS tube fails, the equalization branch cannot be disconnected, and personnel need to be arranged for timely maintenance, otherwise, the over-discharge damage of the battery cell can be caused. Passive equalization belongs to energy consumption type, as shown in fig. 3, electric quantity of a battery cell is consumed by heating through a resistor, so that a resistor with proper power and reasonable PCB layout need to be selected, and even a radiator is added, so that temperature rise is controlled within an allowable range, and complexity and cost are higher.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model discloses the problem to prior art provides passive balanced control protection circuit and the passive balanced control protection circuit of heavy current.
In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model discloses a following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a passive equalization control protection circuit, including current-limiting resistance, lamp pearl, balanced MOS pipe and MOS pipe control circuit, electric core with current-limiting resistance, lamp pearl, balanced MOS pipe interconnect are in the same place, MOS pipe control circuit with the grid of balanced MOS pipe is connected.
Wherein, current-limiting resistor is current-limiting resistor R4, the lamp pearl is LED1, balanced MOS pipe is MOS pipe Q2, the anodal BAT + of electricity core with current-limiting resistor R4's one end is connected, current-limiting resistor R4's the other end is connected with LED 1's positive pole, LED 1's negative pole is connected with MOS pipe Q2's drain electrode, and the negative pole BAT-of electricity core is connected with MOS pipe Q2's source electrode, MOS pipe control circuit includes the battery management chip, MOS pipe Q2's grid is connected with battery management chip's balanced control foot EQ.
The passive balance control protection circuit further comprises a resistor R5 and a resistor R6, one end of the resistor R5 is connected with the grid of the MOS tube Q2 and one end of the resistor R6, the other end of the resistor R5 is connected with a balance control pin EQ of the battery management chip, and the other end of the resistor R6 is connected with the source of the MOS tube Q2 and the negative electrode BAT-of the battery cell.
Wherein, current-limiting resistor is current-limiting resistor R4, the lamp pearl is LED1, balanced MOS pipe is MOS pipe Q2, the anodal BAT + of electricity core with LED 1's positive pole is connected, LED 1's negative pole is connected with current-limiting resistor R4's one end, current-limiting resistor R4's the other end is connected with MOS pipe Q2's drain electrode, and the negative pole BAT-of electricity core is connected with MOS pipe Q2's source electrode, MOS pipe control circuit includes the battery management chip, MOS pipe Q2's grid is connected with battery management chip's balanced control foot EQ.
The passive balance control protection circuit further comprises a resistor R5 and a resistor R6, one end of the resistor R5 is connected with the grid of the MOS tube Q2 and one end of the resistor R6, the other end of the resistor R5 is connected with a balance control pin EQ of the battery management chip, and the other end of the resistor R6 is connected with the source of the MOS tube Q2 and the negative electrode BAT-of the battery cell.
The utility model also provides a passive equalization control protection circuit of heavy current, including a plurality of respectively parallelly connected passive equalization control protection circuit at electric core both ends.
The MOS tube control circuit comprises a plurality of passive equalization control protection circuits, a plurality of MOS tube control circuits and a plurality of control circuits, wherein the plurality of passive equalization control protection circuits comprise a first equalization branch and a second equalization branch which are respectively connected in parallel at two ends of a cell;
the first equalizing branch comprises a current-limiting resistor RA1, an LED lamp bead LEDA1, an equalizing MOS tube QA1, a resistor RB1 and a resistor RC 1;
the second equalizing branch comprises a current-limiting resistor RB1, an LED lamp bead LEDB2, an equalizing MOS tube QA2, a resistor RB2 and a resistor RC 2;
the battery management chip comprises a battery cell, a positive electrode BAT + of the battery cell is connected with one end of a current-limiting resistor RA1, the other end of the current-limiting resistor RA1 is connected with the anode of an LED lamp bead LEDA1, the cathode of the LED lamp bead LEDA1 is connected with the drain of a balancing MOS tube QA1, the source of the balancing MOS tube QA1 is connected with the negative electrode BAT-of the battery cell and one end of a resistor RC1, the other end of the resistor RC1 is connected with the grid of the balancing MOS tube QA1 and one end of a resistor RB1, and the other end of the resistor RB1 is connected with a balancing control pin EQ of the battery management chip;
the battery management chip balancing control circuit comprises a battery cell, a positive electrode BAT + of the battery cell is connected with one end of a current resistor RA2, the other end of the current-limiting resistor RA2 is connected with the anode of an LED lamp bead LEDA2, the cathode of the LED lamp bead LEDA2 is connected with the drain of a balancing MOS tube QA2, the source of the balancing MOS tube QA2 is connected with the negative electrode BAT-of the battery cell and one end of a resistor RC2, the other end of the resistor RC2 is connected with the grid of the balancing MOS tube QA2 and one end of a resistor RB2, and the other end of the resistor RB2 is connected with a battery management chip balancing control pin EQ. The utility model has the advantages that:
1. the LED lamp beads are used for replacing balance resistors, only one current-limiting resistor is added, only the voltage of the battery cell is higher than the breakover voltage of the lamp beads, the battery cell can be protected from being damaged by over-discharge under the condition of failure and short circuit of the balance MOS tube, and loss is reduced.
2. The LED lamp beads are used for replacing balance resistors, the temperature rise problem caused by balance branch opening is effectively reduced through a luminous energy consumption mode, a radiator is not needed, the cost is reduced, and the reliability of the BMS is also improved.
3. Because the temperature rise is no longer a bottleneck, the balance function starting mode does not need gap control, and only balance enabling control needs to be considered, so that the software control logic is simplified.
4. In the application occasions where the balance current needs to be increased, only one or more identical balance branches need to be connected in parallel, the problems of failure and heat dissipation of the balance MOS tube are avoided, the design is simplified, and the product can be conveniently and quickly used on the market.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a circuit diagram of the passive equalization control protection circuit of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a circuit diagram of the large current passive equalization control protection circuit of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a circuit diagram of a conventional passive equalization control protection circuit.
The reference numerals in fig. 1 to 3 include:
101 — a first equalization branch; 102 — second equalization branch.
Detailed Description
In order to facilitate understanding of those skilled in the art, the present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples and drawings, which are not intended to limit the present invention. The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
The utility model provides a passive balanced control protection circuit, as shown in figure 1, includes current-limiting resistor, lamp pearl, balanced MOS pipe and MOS pipe control circuit, electric core with current-limiting resistor, lamp pearl, balanced MOS pipe interconnect are in the same place, MOS pipe control circuit with the grid connection of balanced MOS pipe.
Wherein, current-limiting resistor is current-limiting resistor R4, the lamp pearl is LED1, balanced MOS pipe is MOS pipe Q2, the anodal BAT + of electricity core with current-limiting resistor R4's one end is connected, current-limiting resistor R4's the other end is connected with LED 1's positive pole, LED 1's negative pole is connected with MOS pipe Q2's drain electrode, and the negative pole BAT-of electricity core is connected with MOS pipe Q2's source electrode, MOS pipe control circuit includes the battery management chip, MOS pipe Q2's grid is connected with battery management chip's balanced control foot EQ.
The passive balance control protection circuit further comprises a resistor R5 and a resistor R6, one end of the resistor R5 is connected with the grid of the MOS tube Q2 and one end of the resistor R6, the other end of the resistor R5 is connected with a balance control pin EQ of the battery management chip, and the other end of the resistor R6 is connected with the source of the MOS tube Q2 and the negative electrode BAT-of the battery cell.
The beneficial effects in this embodiment are:
1. the LED lamp beads are used for replacing balance resistors, only one current-limiting resistor is added, only the voltage of the battery cell is higher than the breakover voltage of the lamp beads, the battery cell can be protected from being damaged by over-discharge under the condition of failure and short circuit of the balance MOS tube, and loss is reduced.
2. The LED lamp beads are used for replacing balance resistors, the temperature rise problem caused by balance branch opening is effectively reduced through a luminous energy consumption mode, a radiator is not needed, the cost is reduced, and the reliability of the BMS is also improved.
3. Because the temperature rise is no longer a bottleneck, the balance function starting mode does not need gap control, and only balance enabling control needs to be considered, so that the software control logic is simplified.
4. In the application occasions where the balance current needs to be increased, only one or more identical balance branches need to be connected in parallel, the problems of failure and heat dissipation of the balance MOS tube are avoided, the design is simplified, and the product can be conveniently and quickly used on the market.
Specifically, this embodiment adopts LED lamp pearl as passive balanced energy conversion device, converts the surplus electric energy of electricity core storage into light energy, replaces the balanced resistance consumption mode that generates heat of mainstream, and the luminous heat that produces of LED is littleer, can not cause balanced partial circuit local overheat on the PCB board of BMS, need not to increase the radiator and gives balanced partial circuit heat dissipation to the BMS cost has been reduced. Since no excessive heat is generated, the ambient temperature is not significantly increased, thereby improving the reliability of the BMS.
The current limiting resistor is used for limiting the current of the balancing branch circuit within an allowable range, the phenomenon that the LED lamp beads are burnt out by large current generated by overhigh voltage of the battery core is avoided, the highest voltage Ubat of the battery core, the conducting voltage Uled of the LED lamp beads and the forward rated working current If of the LED lamp beads need to be considered in the model selection of the current limiting resistor, namely the current limiting resistor R (Ubat-Uled)/If, the maximum balancing current is mainly determined by the normal rated working current of the LED lamp beads, If the size of a PCB (printed circuit board) is strictly required, the paster LED lamp beads with the specification of 2835 can be selected, the maximum balancing current can reach 180mA, and the index requirement of the main current passive balancing current can be met.
The device for selecting the LED lamp beads as energy conversion further comprises that the LED lamp beads need certain conduction voltage when working normally, so that the equalization circuit can not continuously consume the energy of the battery cell under the condition that the equalization MOS tube fails, and the LED lamp beads stop working due to insufficient conduction voltage before the battery cell voltage is lower than the safe voltage, so that the energy of the battery cell is not consumed, and the condition that the battery cell cannot be repaired due to over-discharge is avoided. The 2835 specification LED lamp bead can be selected, and its minimum forward conduction voltage is 2.5V, and this is far greater than the safe voltage value 1.8V of lithium iron phosphate core. Thus, the electric core is ensured to be in a safe voltage range, and unnecessary loss caused by over-discharge damage is avoided.
The utility model discloses a LED lamp pearl replaces balanced resistance after, the local heating that arouses by the equilibrium no longer is the bottleneck, consequently need not to control balanced MOS pipe and be in intermittent type nature and switch on and off state, when needs are balanced, can control balanced MOS pipe and continuously switch on, has simplified software control logic.
The embodiment also provides a large-current passive equalization control protection circuit, as shown in fig. 2, which includes a plurality of passive equalization control protection circuits respectively connected in parallel to two ends of a battery cell.
The plurality of passive equalization control protection circuits comprise a first equalization branch 101 and a second equalization branch 102 which are respectively connected to two ends of the battery cell in parallel, and the MOS tube control circuit comprises a battery management chip;
the first equalizing branch 101 comprises a current-limiting resistor RA1, an LED lamp bead LEDA1, an equalizing MOS tube QA1, a resistor RB1 and a resistor RC 1;
the second equalizing branch 102 comprises a current-limiting resistor RB1, an LED lamp bead LEDB2, an equalizing MOS tube QA2, a resistor RB2 and a resistor RC 2;
the battery management chip comprises a battery cell, a positive electrode BAT + of the battery cell is connected with one end of a current-limiting resistor RA1, the other end of the current-limiting resistor RA1 is connected with the anode of an LED lamp bead LEDA1, the cathode of the LED lamp bead LEDA1 is connected with the drain of a balancing MOS tube QA1, the source of the balancing MOS tube QA1 is connected with the negative electrode BAT-of the battery cell and one end of a resistor RC1, the other end of the resistor RC1 is connected with the grid of the balancing MOS tube QA1 and one end of a resistor RB1, and the other end of the resistor RB1 is connected with a balancing control pin EQ of the battery management chip; specifically, the current-limiting resistor RA1 and the LED lamp bead LEDA1 can be switched in position, and the work and the performance of the circuit are not affected.
The battery management chip balancing control circuit comprises a battery cell, a positive electrode BAT + of the battery cell is connected with one end of a current resistor RA2, the other end of the current-limiting resistor RA2 is connected with the anode of an LED lamp bead LEDA2, the cathode of the LED lamp bead LEDA2 is connected with the drain of a balancing MOS tube QA2, the source of the balancing MOS tube QA2 is connected with the negative electrode BAT-of the battery cell and one end of a resistor RC2, the other end of the resistor RC2 is connected with the grid of the balancing MOS tube QA2 and one end of a resistor RB2, and the other end of the resistor RB2 is connected with a battery management chip balancing control pin EQ. Specifically, the current-limiting resistor RA2 and the LED lamp bead LEDA2 can be switched in position, and the work and the performance of the circuit are not affected.
Furthermore, the plurality of passive equalization control protection circuits can comprise N equalization branches, the connection modes of the N equalization branches are analogized in sequence as described above and are respectively connected in parallel at two ends of the battery cell, so that larger equalization current can be realized, and the equalization time can be shortened; the plurality of passive equalization branches shown in fig. 2 are connected in parallel and controlled by the same equalization control pin EQ of the same battery management chip. The balance MOS tube of the TI can be controlled by a BQ series battery management chip of the TI by controlling signals of the balance MOS tubes of the plurality of balance branches, the same path of balance control signals controls the balance MOS tubes of the plurality of balance branches, a driving circuit of the MOS tubes can be simplified, the reliability is improved, and the size of the PCB is reduced. Adopt the utility model discloses a passive balanced control protection circuit of heavy current can increase balanced current, as long as PCB board size allows, also can not have the local overheat of the passive equalizer circuit of mainstream, the electric core that balanced MOS pipe became invalid and lead to and put a series of problems such as damage, the structure is reliable.
Example 2
The difference between the embodiment 2 and the embodiment 1 is that the positions of the lamp bead LEDs 1 and the current limiting resistor R4 are interchanged, so that the work and the performance of the circuit of the embodiment are not influenced, and the structure is flexible; the current-limiting resistor is a current-limiting resistor R4, the lamp bead is an LED1, the balanced MOS tube is an MOS tube Q2, the anode BAT + of the battery cell is connected with the anode of the LED1, the cathode of the LED1 is connected with one end of a current-limiting resistor R4, the other end of the current-limiting resistor R4 is connected with the drain of the MOS tube Q2, the cathode BAT + of the battery cell is connected with the source of the MOS tube Q2, the MOS tube control circuit comprises a battery management chip, and the grid of the MOS tube Q2 is connected with a balanced control pin EQ of the battery management chip.
The passive balance control protection circuit further comprises a resistor R5 and a resistor R6, one end of the resistor R5 is connected with the grid of the MOS tube Q2 and one end of the resistor R6, the other end of the resistor R5 is connected with a balance control pin EQ of the battery management chip, and the other end of the resistor R6 is connected with the source of the MOS tube Q2 and the negative electrode BAT-of the battery cell.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above description, and although the present invention is disclosed in the preferred embodiment, it is not limited to the above description, and any person skilled in the art can make some changes or modifications to equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention, but all the technical solutions of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. A passive equalization control protection circuit, comprising: including current-limiting resistor, lamp pearl, balanced MOS pipe and MOS pipe control circuit, electric core with current-limiting resistor, lamp pearl, balanced MOS pipe interconnect are in the same place, MOS pipe control circuit with the grid connection of balanced MOS pipe.
2. The passive equalization control protection circuit of claim 1, wherein: the current-limiting resistor is current-limiting resistor R4, the lamp pearl is LED1, balanced MOS pipe is MOS pipe Q2, the anodal BAT + of electricity core with current-limiting resistor R4's one end is connected, current-limiting resistor R4's the other end is connected with LED 1's positive pole, LED 1's negative pole is connected with MOS pipe Q2's drain electrode, the negative pole BAT-of electricity core is connected with MOS pipe Q2's source electrode, MOS pipe control circuit includes the battery management chip, MOS pipe Q2's grid is connected with battery management chip's balanced control foot EQ.
3. The passive equalization control protection circuit of claim 2, wherein: the passive balance control protection circuit further comprises a resistor R5 and a resistor R6, one end of the resistor R5 is connected with the grid of the MOS tube Q2 and one end of the resistor R6, the other end of the resistor R5 is connected with a balance control pin EQ of the battery management chip, and the other end of the resistor R6 is connected with the source of the MOS tube Q2 and the negative electrode BAT-of the battery cell.
4. The passive equalization control protection circuit of claim 1, wherein: the current-limiting resistor is current-limiting resistor R4, the lamp pearl is LED1, balanced MOS pipe is MOS pipe Q2, the anodal BAT + of electricity core with LED 1's positive pole is connected, LED 1's negative pole is connected with current-limiting resistor R4's one end, current-limiting resistor R4's the other end and MOS pipe Q2's drain electrode are connected, the negative pole BAT-of electricity core and MOS pipe Q2's source connection, MOS pipe control circuit includes the battery management chip, MOS pipe Q2's grid is connected with battery management chip's balanced control foot EQ.
5. The passive equalization control protection circuit of claim 4, wherein: the passive balance control protection circuit further comprises a resistor R5 and a resistor R6, one end of the resistor R5 is connected with the grid of the MOS tube Q2 and one end of the resistor R6, the other end of the resistor R5 is connected with a balance control pin EQ of the battery management chip, and the other end of the resistor R6 is connected with the source of the MOS tube Q2 and the negative electrode BAT-of the battery cell.
6. A kind of heavy current passive equalization control protective circuit, characterized by: the passive equalization control protection circuit comprises a plurality of passive equalization control protection circuits according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the plurality of passive equalization control protection circuits are respectively connected in parallel at two ends of a battery cell.
7. The high-current passive equalization control protection circuit according to claim 6, wherein: the plurality of passive equalization control protection circuits comprise a first equalization branch and a second equalization branch which are respectively connected to two ends of the battery cell in parallel, and the MOS tube control circuit comprises a battery management chip; the first equalizing branch comprises a current-limiting resistor RA1, an LED lamp bead LEDA1, an equalizing MOS tube QA1, a resistor RB1 and a resistor RC 1;
the second equalizing branch comprises a current-limiting resistor RB1, an LED lamp bead LEDB2, an equalizing MOS tube QA2, a resistor RB2 and a resistor RC 2;
the battery management chip comprises a battery cell, a positive electrode BAT + of the battery cell is connected with one end of a current-limiting resistor RA1, the other end of the current-limiting resistor RA1 is connected with the anode of an LED lamp bead LEDA1, the cathode of the LED lamp bead LEDA1 is connected with the drain of a balancing MOS tube QA1, the source of the balancing MOS tube QA1 is connected with the negative electrode BAT-of the battery cell and one end of a resistor RC1, the other end of the resistor RC1 is connected with the grid of the balancing MOS tube QA1 and one end of a resistor RB1, and the other end of the resistor RB1 is connected with a balancing control pin EQ of the battery management chip;
the battery management chip balancing control circuit comprises a battery cell, a positive electrode BAT + of the battery cell is connected with one end of a current resistor RA2, the other end of the current-limiting resistor RA2 is connected with the anode of an LED lamp bead LEDA2, the cathode of the LED lamp bead LEDA2 is connected with the drain of a balancing MOS tube QA2, the source of the balancing MOS tube QA2 is connected with the negative electrode BAT-of the battery cell and one end of a resistor RC2, the other end of the resistor RC2 is connected with the grid of the balancing MOS tube QA2 and one end of a resistor RB2, and the other end of the resistor RB2 is connected with a battery management chip balancing control pin EQ.
CN202120234638.7U 2021-01-26 2021-01-26 Passive equalization control protection circuit and high-current passive equalization control protection circuit Active CN214314639U (en)

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CN202120234638.7U CN214314639U (en) 2021-01-26 2021-01-26 Passive equalization control protection circuit and high-current passive equalization control protection circuit

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202120234638.7U CN214314639U (en) 2021-01-26 2021-01-26 Passive equalization control protection circuit and high-current passive equalization control protection circuit

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CN214314639U true CN214314639U (en) 2021-09-28

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Effective date of registration: 20231120

Address after: Delaware

Patentee after: Saivante Systems

Address before: 523000 building C7, we Valley, Everbright, No.16, Keji 4th Road, Songshanhu high tech Industrial Development Zone, Dongguan City, Guangdong Province

Patentee before: Dongguan Fenggu Technology Co.,Ltd.