CN214305600U

CN214305600U - Three-dimensional shock-resistant shock absorber with adjustable height and capable of realizing small displacement limiting

Info

Publication number: CN214305600U
Application number: CN202120072898.9U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 任志英; 朱怀文; 白鸿柏; 梁盛涛; 许冰冰
Original assignee: Fuzhou University
Current assignee: Fuzhou University
Priority date: 2021-01-12
Filing date: 2021-01-12
Publication date: 2021-09-28
Anticipated expiration: 2031-01-12

Abstract

The utility model relates to a three-dimensional shock absorber with adjustable height and capable of realizing small displacement limiting, which comprises an upper part damping mechanism, a lower part damping mechanism and a height-adjusting mechanism, wherein the upper part damping mechanism comprises an upper pipe clamp, a lower pipe clamp and a plurality of groups of buffer parts uniformly distributed on the inner peripheral wall surfaces of the upper pipe clamp and the lower pipe clamp, the inner ends of the buffer parts are propped against the outer peripheral surface of a pipeline, and the outer ends of the buffer parts are propped against the inner peripheral wall surfaces of the upper pipe clamp and the lower pipe clamp; lower part damping mechanism includes the shock absorber casing and covers the top cap of establishing on the shock absorber casing, the utility model provides a traditional pipeline shock absorber can't protect the pipeline under big impact load's problem, when realizing the pipeline damping function, can realize the spacing power consumption effect of little displacement when big impact appears in the vertical direction, improved the shock resistance of shock absorber, can carry out height control simultaneously to the installation condition of the different pipeline installation faces of adaptation.

Description

Three-dimensional shock-resistant shock absorber with adjustable height and capable of realizing small displacement limiting

The technical field is as follows:

the utility model relates to a height-adjustable just can realize spacing three-dimensional shock absorber that shocks resistance of little displacement belongs to damping technical field.

Background art:

the pipeline system is applied in many fields, plays a role in the operation process, and inevitably vibrates in the working process, wherein firstly, the vibration is generated due to the flow and pressure pulsation of the internal liquid, and secondly, the vibration generated by power equipment connected with the pipeline is transmitted to the pipeline system; the strong vibration can lead to the looseness of the pipeline connection part, lead to the generation of fatigue wear, reduce the service life of the pipeline and even generate fracture, so that the adoption of an effective method for reducing the vibration level of the pipeline has important engineering significance.

The fixation of the pipeline in the existing pipeline vibration damping product mainly adopts spring vibration damping, especially three-way vibration damping is realized, the requirement on installation space of the simple spring vibration damping is very large, and the damping effect is not generated; when the pipeline can produce comparatively violent instantaneous vibration because influence such as water hammer effect, the current pipeline damping product can not give corresponding solution to the condition under the big impact load, it is spacing only to adopt the rigidity, can produce certain harm to the pipeline, reduces the life of pipeline, simultaneously because the not symmetrical scheduling problem of mounting dimension can appear after the live time is long, current vibration damper has the structure that can height-adjusting very few.

The invention content is as follows:

the utility model discloses make the improvement to the problem that above-mentioned prior art exists, the utility model provides a traditional pipeline shock absorber can't protect the problem of pipeline under big impact load, when realizing pipeline damping function, can realize the spacing power consumption effect of little displacement when big impact appears in the vertical direction, improved the shock resistance of shock absorber, the shock absorber can carry out height control simultaneously to the installation condition of the different pipeline installation faces of adaptation.

The utility model discloses height-adjustable just can realize the spacing three-dimensional shock absorber that shocks resistance of little displacement, its characterized in that: the damping device comprises an upper damping mechanism, a lower damping mechanism and a height adjusting mechanism, wherein the upper damping mechanism comprises an upper pipe clamp, a lower pipe clamp and a plurality of groups of buffering parts which are uniformly distributed on the inner peripheral wall surfaces of the upper pipe clamp and the lower pipe clamp, the inner end of each buffering part abuts against the outer peripheral surface of a pipeline, and the outer end of each buffering part abuts against the inner peripheral wall surfaces of the upper pipe clamp and the lower pipe clamp; the lower vibration damping mechanism comprises a vibration damper shell and a top cover which is covered on the vibration damper shell, the top cover is provided with a vibration damper upper connecting piece which penetrates from top to bottom, the upper part of the vibration damper upper connecting piece is connected with the upper vibration damping mechanism, two sides of the lower part of the vibration damper upper connecting piece are provided with wedge-shaped friction blocks, the vibration damper upper connecting piece is butted with the inner bottom of the vibration damper shell through a vertical spring arranged at the bottom, base friction blocks are arranged at the bottom in the vibration damper shell and positioned at two sides of the vertical spring in a sliding manner, the base friction blocks and the wedge-shaped friction blocks are provided with opposite inclined wedge surfaces, and a horizontal spring is arranged between the base friction blocks and the inner side wall surface of the vibration damper shell; the height adjusting mechanism is arranged on the connecting piece at the upper part of the shock absorber.

Furthermore, bolt holes are formed in the two sides of an upper pipe clamp and a lower pipe clamp of the upper vibration damping mechanism, the left side of the upper pipe clamp is connected with the lower pipe clamp through a pipe clamp bolt and a pipe clamp nut, and the right side of the upper pipe clamp is connected with the lower pipe clamp through a pipe clamp bolt and a pipe clamp nut; five planes which are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the circle center of the pipeline are uniformly distributed in the upper pipe clamp and the lower pipe clamp, the included angle between the normal lines of the planes is 36 degrees, and decagonal inner holes of 10 planes which are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the circle center of the pipeline are obtained through the matching of the upper pipe clamp and the lower pipe clamp; the upper pipe clamp and the lower pipe clamp are provided with a first groove used for installing pipeline metal rubber and a second groove used for installing a pipeline spring on the inner wall plane, the pipeline metal rubber and the pipeline spring are the buffer parts, and the pipeline is provided with a third groove used for installing the pipeline metal rubber and a fourth groove used for installing the pipeline spring.

Furthermore, the pipeline metal rubber is in clearance fit with the upper pipe clamp or the lower pipe clamp through the first groove, the pipeline spring is in clearance fit with the upper pipe clamp or the lower pipe clamp through the second groove, the pipeline is in clearance fit with the pipeline metal rubber through the third groove, and the pipeline is in clearance fit with the pipeline spring through the fourth groove.

Furthermore, the top cover and the shock absorber shell of the lower part shock absorption mechanism are connected through a top cover bolt, the shock absorber shell and the base are connected through a base bolt and a base nut, a fifth groove used for installing the head of the base bolt is formed in the lower part of the base, the upper part of the shock absorber connecting piece is in a strip-shaped structure and is in clearance fit with the square hole in the center of the top cover, and an avoiding hole is formed in the right side of the square hole in the center of the top cover so as to ensure that the protruding part of the heightening mechanism cannot cause interference.

Furthermore, the upper connecting piece of the shock absorber is connected with the upper end of the vertical spring through a sixth groove in the center of the bottom, a groove is formed in the center of the base and is connected with the lower end of the vertical spring through the groove, elongated grooves are formed in two sides of the base and are used for limiting sliding with a base friction block, and a seventh groove is formed in the base friction block and is matched and connected with the first end of the horizontal spring; and a seventh groove is formed in the inner wall of the shock absorber shell and is used for being matched and connected with the second end of the horizontal spring.

Furthermore, the height adjusting mechanism comprises a left height adjusting plate and a right height adjusting plate which are arranged on the inner side of the upper part of the upper connecting piece of the shock absorber, a tooth-shaped groove is formed in the inner wall of the upper part of the upper connecting piece of the shock absorber and matched with the tooth-shaped grooves on the left height adjusting plate and the right height adjusting plate, a cylindrical rod is arranged on the right side of the left height adjusting plate and used for being inserted into a hollow cylindrical rod on the left side of the right height adjusting plate, and a return spring is arranged on the periphery of the cylindrical rod; the fastening pin is arranged between the left side height-adjusting plate and the right side height-adjusting plate, the upper parts of the left side height-adjusting plate and the right side height-adjusting plate are both provided with elongated slotted holes, and height-adjusting bolts and height-adjusting nuts penetrate through the elongated slotted holes to be connected with the lower part of the lower pipe clamp; and the two sides of the fastening pin are provided with micro bosses for preventing the fastening pin from loosening and positioning.

The utility model discloses the height-adjustable three-dimensional shock absorber that can realize small displacement spacing working method, wherein the three-dimensional shock absorber that can realize small displacement spacing that can realize height-adjustable includes upper portion damping mechanism, lower part damping mechanism and heightening mechanism, upper portion damping mechanism includes upper pipe clamp, lower pipe clamp and a plurality of groups of cushions that evenly lay on the inner peripheral wall of upper pipe clamp, lower pipe clamp, and each cushion inner end supports and leans on the peripheral surface of pipeline, and each cushion outer end supports and leans on the inner peripheral wall of upper pipe clamp, lower pipe clamp; the lower vibration damping mechanism comprises a vibration damper shell and a top cover which is covered on the vibration damper shell, the top cover is provided with a vibration damper upper connecting piece which penetrates from top to bottom, the upper part of the vibration damper upper connecting piece is connected with the upper vibration damping mechanism, two sides of the lower part of the vibration damper upper connecting piece are provided with wedge-shaped friction blocks, the vibration damper upper connecting piece is butted with the inner bottom of the vibration damper shell through a vertical spring arranged at the bottom, base friction blocks are arranged at the bottom in the vibration damper shell and positioned at two sides of the vertical spring in a sliding manner, the base friction blocks and the wedge-shaped friction blocks are provided with opposite inclined wedge surfaces, and a horizontal spring is arranged between the base friction blocks and the inner side wall surface of the vibration damper shell; the height adjusting mechanism is arranged on the connecting piece at the upper part of the shock absorber;

during installation, the contact surfaces of the upper pipe clamp and the lower pipe clamp are attached to provide a certain pre-tightening force for the metal rubber of the pipeline and the pipeline spring, so that the metal rubber of the pipeline or the pipeline spring is prevented from loosening when the pipeline vibrates relative to the pipe clamp, the upper vibration reduction mechanism is fixed on the height-adjusting plate through the height-adjusting bolt to be connected with the lower vibration reduction mechanism, and the lower vibration reduction mechanism can generate a certain pre-compression due to the influence of the gravity of the upper vibration reduction mechanism and the pipeline;

under the normal working condition, when the amplitude is not large, the pipeline spring and the pipeline metal rubber play a role in damping, the friction blocks of the lower damping mechanism are not in contact, only the vertical spring participates in damping, and the rigidity is small; when a large impact load is applied, the amplitude is increased, the connecting piece at the upper part of the shock absorber is impacted and rapidly moves downwards, the wedge-shaped friction block at the bottom of the shock absorber is contacted with the base friction block on the base, and the horizontal springs at the two sides participate in vibration control.

Furthermore, when the height of the shock absorber needs to be adjusted, firstly, the height adjusting bolts at the upper parts of the left side height adjusting plate and the right side height adjusting plate are loosened, then the fastening pin is rotated by 90 degrees and pulled out, and then the height adjusting plates at the two sides can be moved along the direction of the elongated slotted hole; move the left side heightening plate to the right, move the right side heightening plate to the left, move the whole up or reduce to required height, utilize return spring to heighten the board with both sides and compress tightly again in shock absorber upper portion connecting piece inner wall tooth-shaped groove, insert the fastening pin from the right side quad slit again, reach the left side heightening plate until the fastening pin, rotatory fastening pin 90 degrees, with the fastening pin in the middle of protruding put into the sunken of small boss formation, just accomplish height adjustment.

The product has the advantages and the application:

the utility model discloses adopt metal rubber and spring combination to replace traditional rubber damping spare or steel sheet material at pipeline contact site to adopt the damping mechanism of vertical spring, horizontal spring and base clutch blocks, wedge clutch blocks combination in the shock absorber lower part, still added between the two and increaseed the mechanism, it has following several advantages:

1. the lower part vibration damping mechanism adopts the combination of a vertical spring, a horizontal spring, a base friction block and a wedge-shaped friction block, so that the movement direction of the internal mechanism is changed, and the integral gravity center of the vibration damper is reduced; under the normal working condition, the base friction block and the wedge-shaped friction block can not be in contact, only the vertical spring participates in vibration reduction work, the base friction block and the wedge-shaped friction block are in contact friction energy consumption when large displacement impacts occur, and meanwhile, the vertical spring and the horizontal spring are connected in parallel to increase the rigidity so as to achieve the effects of small displacement limiting and impact energy consumption.

2. The height adjusting mechanism is introduced, so that the height of the shock absorber can be adjusted under the condition that the whole shock absorber is not detached, the later maintenance is greatly facilitated, the flatness requirement of the pipeline laying surface is reduced, and meanwhile the shock absorber with one specification can be used in different pipeline shock absorption environments through adjusting the height.

In order to realize the purpose, the utility model discloses a technical scheme is:

description of the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a front cross-sectional view of the upper damping mechanism of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a front cross-sectional view of the lower shock absorber of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a partial perspective view of the connection of the elongated groove of the base and the friction block of the base in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a front cross-sectional view of the height adjustment mechanism of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a perspective cross-sectional view of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of the upper link of the shock absorber;

fig. 8 and 9 are exploded views from two perspectives of the right side heightening plate and the fastening pin.

The specific implementation mode is as follows:

the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

The invention relates to a height-adjustable vibration damping device based on metal rubber and a friction block, which has a basic structure comprising an upper vibration damping mechanism, a lower vibration damping mechanism and a height-adjustable mechanism.

Bolt holes are formed in the two sides of an upper pipe clamp 1 and a lower pipe clamp 4 of the upper vibration damping mechanism, the left side of the upper pipe clamp 1 is connected with the lower pipe clamp 4 through a pipe clamp bolt 101 and a pipe clamp nut 301, and the right side of the upper pipe clamp 1 is connected with the lower pipe clamp 4 through the pipe clamp bolt 101 and the pipe clamp nut 301. Five planes which are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the circle center of the pipeline 2 are uniformly distributed in the upper pipe clamp 1 and the lower pipe clamp 4 respectively, so that grooves can be machined on the planes, the included angle between the normal lines of the planes is 36 degrees, and 10 planes which are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the circle center of the pipeline 2 are obtained through the matching of the upper pipe clamp and the lower pipe clamp to form decagonal inner holes; a first groove 102 for installing a pipeline metal rubber 3 and a second groove 103 for installing a pipeline spring 7 are machined on the plane of the inner wall of the pipe clamp, wherein the metal rubber is an existing material, is a homogeneous elastic porous substance, and is formed by orderly arranging a certain mass of metal wires in a stretched and spiral state in a stamping (or rolling) die by a certain process method and then by a cold stamping method; a third groove 201 for installing the pipeline metal rubber 3 and a fourth groove 202 for installing the pipeline spring 7 are processed on the pipeline 2; the pipeline metal rubber 3 is in clearance fit with the upper pipe clamp 1 or the lower pipe clamp 4 through the first groove 102, the pipeline spring 7 is in clearance fit with the upper pipe clamp 1 or the lower pipe clamp 4 through the second groove 103, the pipeline 2 is in clearance fit with the pipeline metal rubber 3 through the third groove 201, and the pipeline 2 is in clearance fit with the pipeline spring 7 through the fourth groove 202.

The top cover 515 of the lower vibration damping mechanism is connected with the vibration damper shell 514 through a top cover bolt 516, the vibration damper shell 514 is connected with the base 511 through a base bolt 513 and a base nut 512, a fifth groove 510 for mounting the head of the base bolt 513 is formed in the lower portion of the base 511 to ensure that interference cannot be generated by a protruding bolt head when the vibration damper is mounted, a long strip-shaped structure on the upper portion of the upper connecting piece 501 of the vibration damper is in clearance fit with a square hole in the center of the top cover 515, and an avoiding hole 517 is formed in the right side of the square hole in the center of the top cover 515 to ensure that the protruding portion of the height adjusting mechanism cannot cause interference; the two sides of the lower part of the upper connecting piece 501 of the shock absorber are provided with wedge-shaped friction blocks 502, the upper connecting piece 501 of the shock absorber is connected with a vertical spring 508 through a sixth groove 509 in the center of the bottom, the center of the base 511 is provided with a groove 507 which is connected with the vertical spring 508 through the groove, the two sides of the base are provided with elongated grooves 518, the elongated grooves 518 can be dovetail grooves, are matched with the base friction block 506 and are used for installing and slidably positioning the base friction block 506, and a seventh groove 505 is arranged in the base friction block 506 and is matched with a horizontal spring 504; the inner wall of the damper housing 514 is provided with a seventh groove 503 for installing and positioning the horizontal spring 504.

The inner wall of the upper part of a connecting piece 501 of the upper part of the shock absorber of the height-adjusting mechanism is provided with a toothed groove which is matched with the toothed grooves on the left height-adjusting plate 602 and the right height-adjusting plate 605, the right side of the left height-adjusting plate 602 is provided with a cylindrical rod 608 which is used for being inserted into a hollow cylindrical rod 606 on the left side of the right height-adjusting plate 605, and the periphery of the cylindrical rod is provided with a return spring 607; the fastening pin 604 is installed between the left height-adjusting plate 602 and the right height-adjusting plate 605, and is used for ensuring that the height-adjusting plates on the two sides are not loosened due to vibration in the vibration process; the upper parts of the left heightening plate 602 and the right heightening plate 605 are both provided with strip-shaped slotted holes 609, wherein the upper parts penetrate through heightening bolts 603 and heightening nuts 601 to be connected with the lower part of the lower pipe clamp 4; the fastening pin 604 is provided with tiny bosses 610 at two sides for preventing the fastening pin from loosening and positioning, the tooth-shaped grooves on the left heightening plate 602 and the right heightening plate 605 cover the whole outer wall surfaces of the two, wherein the right heightening plate 605 is provided with a rectangular groove 611 penetrating the fastening pin 604, the cross-sectional shape of the rectangular groove 611 is the same as that of the protrusion 612 of the fastening pin 604, the cross-section of the protrusion 612 of the fastening pin 604 is rectangular, the tiny bosses 610 are arranged on the inner side wall surface of the right heightening plate 605 and are positioned at the side parts of the rectangular groove 611, the fastening pin 604 and the protrusion 612 can not be pulled out from the rectangular groove 611 after passing through the rectangular groove 611 and rotating 90 degrees, so as to limit the relative approaching movement of the left heightening plate 602 and the right heightening plate 605, the tiny bosses 610 can be in a wedge structure (thinner when being close to the wall surface at the horizontal end and thicker when being far from the wall surface at the vertical end), and have the function of limiting the rotation of the fastening pin 604 and the protrusion 612, the rectangular groove 611 and the minute projection 610 may be manufactured by milling.

The shock absorber upper connecting piece 501 is a pipe body with a rectangular cross section, two opposite wall plates with tooth-shaped grooves are provided with tooth-shaped grooves on the inner wall surfaces, the two opposite wall plates with the tooth-shaped grooves can be welded and fixed with the other two wall plates to form the pipe body, one of the wall plates with the tooth-shaped grooves is provided with a vertical rectangular groove 5011, and the vertical rectangular groove 5011 is used for avoiding the lifting of the end head part of the fastening pin 604.

The specific implementation process comprises the following steps:

during installation, the contact surfaces of the upper pipe clamp 1 and the lower pipe clamp 4 are attached to give a certain pretightening force to the metal rubber 3 and the pipeline spring 7 of the pipeline, so that the metal rubber 3 or the pipeline spring 7 of the pipeline is prevented from loosening when the pipeline vibrates relative to the pipe clamp, the upper damping mechanism is fixed on the

heightening plates

602 and 605 through heightening bolts and is connected with the lower damping mechanism, and the lower damping mechanism can generate certain precompression due to the influence of the gravity of the upper damping mechanism and the pipeline.

Under the normal working condition, when the amplitude is not large, the pipeline spring 7 and the pipeline metal rubber 3 play a role in vibration reduction, the friction blocks of the lower vibration reduction mechanism are not in contact, only the vertical spring 508 participates in the vibration reduction, and the rigidity is small; when a large impact load is received, the amplitude is increased, the upper connecting piece 501 of the shock absorber is impacted and moves downwards sharply, the wedge-shaped friction block 502 at the bottom of the shock absorber is in contact with the base friction block 506 on the base 511, the horizontal springs 504 on the two sides participate in vibration control, the horizontal springs 504 are connected with the vertical springs 508 in parallel, the rigidity is increased, displacement under the large impact load is restrained, meanwhile, the wedge-shaped friction block 502 and the base friction block 506 rub and consume energy in the displacement, and the energy of the impact is dissipated.

When the height of the shock absorber needs to be adjusted, firstly, the height-adjusting bolts 603 on the upper portions of the left height-adjusting plate 602 and the right height-adjusting plate 605 are loosened, then the fastening pins are rotated by 90 degrees and pulled out, and then the height-adjusting plates on the two sides can be moved along the direction of the elongated slotted hole 609; the left heightening plate 602 moves rightwards, the right heightening plate 605 moves leftwards, the whole body moves upwards or is lowered to a required height, the heightening plates on the two sides are pressed in a tooth-shaped groove in the inner wall of the connecting piece 501 on the upper portion of the shock absorber by the aid of the return spring 607 again, the fastening pin 604 is inserted from the right square hole until the fastening pin 604 abuts against the left heightening plate 602, the fastening pin is rotated by 90 degrees, and a middle bulge of the fastening pin 604 is placed in a depression formed by the small boss 610, so that height adjustment is completed.

The product has the advantages and the application:

the invention adopts the combination of metal rubber and a spring to replace the traditional rubber damping piece or steel plate material at the contact part of the pipeline, adopts a damping mechanism of the combination of the spring and a friction block at the lower part of the damper, and adds a height-adjusting mechanism between the two parts, and has the following advantages:

the lower part vibration damping mechanism adopts the combination of the friction block and the spring, so that the movement direction of the inner mechanism is changed, and the integral gravity center of the vibration damper is reduced. Under the normal working condition, the friction blocks can not be in contact, only the vertical spring participates in vibration reduction work, the friction blocks are in contact friction energy consumption when large displacement impacts, and meanwhile, the vertical spring and the horizontal spring are connected in parallel to increase rigidity so as to achieve the effects of small displacement limiting and impact energy consumption.

The height adjusting mechanism is introduced, so that the height of the shock absorber can be adjusted under the condition that the whole shock absorber is not detached, the later maintenance is greatly facilitated, the flatness requirement of the pipeline laying surface is reduced, and meanwhile the shock absorber with one specification can be used in different pipeline shock absorption environments through adjusting the height.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention and not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art will understand that: modifications to the specific embodiments of the invention or equivalent substitutions for parts of the technical features may be made; without departing from the spirit of the present invention, it is intended to cover all aspects of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a height-adjustable just can realize spacing three-dimensional shock absorber that shocks resistance of little displacement which characterized in that: the damping device comprises an upper damping mechanism, a lower damping mechanism and a height adjusting mechanism, wherein the upper damping mechanism comprises an upper pipe clamp, a lower pipe clamp and a plurality of groups of buffering parts which are uniformly distributed on the inner peripheral wall surfaces of the upper pipe clamp and the lower pipe clamp, the inner end of each buffering part abuts against the outer peripheral surface of a pipeline, and the outer end of each buffering part abuts against the inner peripheral wall surfaces of the upper pipe clamp and the lower pipe clamp; the lower vibration damping mechanism comprises a vibration damper shell and a top cover which is covered on the vibration damper shell, the top cover is provided with a vibration damper upper connecting piece which penetrates from top to bottom, the upper part of the vibration damper upper connecting piece is connected with the upper vibration damping mechanism, two sides of the lower part of the vibration damper upper connecting piece are provided with wedge-shaped friction blocks, the vibration damper upper connecting piece is butted with the inner bottom of the vibration damper shell through a vertical spring arranged at the bottom, base friction blocks are arranged at the bottom in the vibration damper shell and positioned at two sides of the vertical spring in a sliding manner, the base friction blocks and the wedge-shaped friction blocks are provided with opposite inclined wedge surfaces, and a horizontal spring is arranged between the base friction blocks and the inner side wall surface of the vibration damper shell; the height adjusting mechanism is arranged on the connecting piece at the upper part of the shock absorber.

2. The three-way shock absorber with adjustable height and capable of realizing small displacement limit as claimed in claim 1, wherein: bolt holes are formed in the two sides of an upper pipe clamp and a lower pipe clamp of the upper vibration damping mechanism, the left side of the upper pipe clamp is connected with the lower pipe clamp through a pipe clamp bolt and a pipe clamp nut, and the right side of the upper pipe clamp is connected with the lower pipe clamp through a pipe clamp bolt and a pipe clamp nut; five planes which are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the circle center of the pipeline are uniformly distributed in the upper pipe clamp and the lower pipe clamp, the included angle between the normal lines of the planes is 36 degrees, and decagonal inner holes of 10 planes which are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the circle center of the pipeline are obtained through the matching of the upper pipe clamp and the lower pipe clamp; the upper pipe clamp and the lower pipe clamp are provided with a first groove used for installing pipeline metal rubber and a second groove used for installing a pipeline spring on the inner wall plane, the pipeline metal rubber and the pipeline spring are the buffer parts, and the pipeline is provided with a third groove used for installing the pipeline metal rubber and a fourth groove used for installing the pipeline spring.

3. The three-way shock absorber with adjustable height and capable of realizing small displacement limit as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the pipeline metal rubber is in clearance fit with the upper pipe clamp or the lower pipe clamp through the first groove, the pipeline spring is in clearance fit with the upper pipe clamp or the lower pipe clamp through the second groove, the pipeline is in clearance fit with the pipeline metal rubber through the third groove, and the pipeline is in clearance fit with the pipeline spring through the fourth groove.

4. The three-way shock absorber with adjustable height and capable of realizing small displacement limit as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the top cover and the shock absorber shell of the lower part shock absorption mechanism are connected through a top cover bolt, the shock absorber shell and the base are connected through a base bolt and a base nut, a fifth groove used for installing the head of the base bolt is formed in the lower part of the base, the upper part of the shock absorber connecting piece is in a long strip-shaped structure and is in clearance fit with the square hole in the center of the top cover, and a avoiding hole is formed in the right side of the square hole in the center of the top cover so as to ensure that the protruding part of the heightening mechanism cannot cause interference.

5. The three-way shock absorber with adjustable height and capable of realizing small displacement limiting as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the upper connecting piece of the shock absorber is connected with the upper end of the vertical spring through a sixth groove in the center of the bottom, the center of the base is provided with a groove and is connected with the lower end of the vertical spring through the groove, two sides of the base are provided with elongated grooves for limiting sliding with a base friction block, and the base friction block is provided with a seventh groove which is matched and connected with the first end of the horizontal spring; and a seventh groove is formed in the inner wall of the shock absorber shell and is used for being matched and connected with the second end of the horizontal spring.

6. The three-way shock absorber with adjustable height and capable of realizing small displacement limit as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the height adjusting mechanism comprises a left height adjusting plate and a right height adjusting plate which are arranged on the inner side of the upper part of the upper connecting piece of the shock absorber, a tooth-shaped groove is formed in the inner wall of the upper part of the upper connecting piece of the shock absorber and matched with the tooth-shaped grooves on the left height adjusting plate and the right height adjusting plate, a cylindrical rod is arranged on the right side of the left height adjusting plate and used for being inserted into a hollow cylindrical rod on the left side of the right height adjusting plate, and a return spring is arranged on the periphery of the cylindrical rod; the fastening pin is arranged between the left side height-adjusting plate and the right side height-adjusting plate, the upper parts of the left side height-adjusting plate and the right side height-adjusting plate are both provided with elongated slotted holes, and height-adjusting bolts and height-adjusting nuts penetrate through the elongated slotted holes to be connected with the lower part of the lower pipe clamp; and the two sides of the fastening pin are provided with micro bosses for preventing the fastening pin from loosening and positioning.