CN214303695U

CN214303695U - Hole expander

Info

Publication number: CN214303695U
Application number: CN202022780624.3U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 樊国禄; 魏士军; 刘君林; 杨启恩; 黄成贵; 吴玉杰; 樊琳; 柯琎; 乔世峰; 李海亮; 荣光来; 陈宏泽
Original assignee: Petrochina Co Ltd
Current assignee: Petrochina Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-11-26
Filing date: 2020-11-26
Publication date: 2021-09-28
Anticipated expiration: 2030-11-26

Abstract

The utility model discloses a reamer belongs to brill workover technical field. The reamer includes: the barrel to and be located linkage assembly, elastic element and the cutter body in the barrel. The linkage assembly comprises a water nozzle, a piston and a control cutter rod, the water nozzle and the control cutter rod are respectively and fixedly connected with the piston, and the control cutter rod is provided with a rack. The piston comprises a first cylinder and a second cylinder, the size of the cross section of the first cylinder is larger than that of the cross section of the second cylinder, the elastic element is sleeved on the second cylinder, the first end of the elastic element is abutted to the first cylinder, and the second end of the elastic element is connected with the cylinder. The cutter body comprises a gear and a blade, the center of the gear is fixedly connected with the barrel through a rotating shaft, and the gear is meshed with the rack. The reamer realizes the control of the opening and the recovery of the blades through the combination of the linkage assembly and the elastic element, ensures that the reamer can be safely recovered after the use is finished, and improves the use reliability of the reamer.

Description

Hole expander

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a bore well workover technical field, in particular to reamer.

Background

In recent years, the slim hole technology is widely applied to the fields of low permeability marginal oil fields, casing windowing sidetrack drilling, multiple-opening deep wells, ultra-deep wells and the like, and slim hole and small gap well cementation are difficult problems troubling well drilling and completion and oil-water well production. The use of a reamer is an effective means of solving the above problems. The hole diameter is enlarged through the hole expander to increase the casing ring space gap, so that the running of the casing is facilitated, the thickness of the cement sheath can be increased, and the well cementation quality is improved. The diameter of the well section of the producing zone is enlarged through the hole expander, the well wall area can be increased, and then the perforation density can be improved to improve the oil gas yield.

Currently, many reamers are used as arm reamers, i.e., blades extend like arms of a human body to expand a gyration radius. The blades of the arm type reamer are connected with the body through a pin shaft, and the blades rotate for a certain angle to be expanded through the pin shaft, so that a larger reaming radius is achieved.

However, due to the complex downhole environment, for example, the high solid content of mud may cause the blades of the arm reamer to be unrecoverable, and thus the reliability of the conventional reamer is low.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model provides a reamer can solve the less problem of the reliable nature of use of present reamer. The technical scheme is as follows:

a reamer is provided, including: the linkage assembly, the elastic element and the cutter body are positioned in the cylinder;

the linkage assembly comprises a water nozzle, a piston and a control cutter rod, the water nozzle and the control cutter rod are respectively and fixedly connected with the piston, and the control cutter rod is provided with a rack;

the piston comprises a first cylinder and a second cylinder, the size of the cross section of the first cylinder is larger than that of the cross section of the second cylinder, the elastic element is sleeved on the second cylinder, the first end of the elastic element is abutted against the first cylinder, and the second end of the elastic element is connected with the cylinder;

the cutter body comprises a gear and a cutter wing, the center of the gear is fixedly connected with the barrel through a rotating shaft, and the gear is meshed and connected with the rack.

Optionally, the reamer further comprises a cutter holder, the cutter holder is located between the gear and the barrel, and the cutter holder is detachably connected with the barrel.

Optionally, the tool holder is connected with the cylinder body through a pin.

Optionally, the first cylinder is located on one side of the second cylinder away from the cutter body.

Optionally, the resilient element is a spring.

Optionally, the thickness of the blade ranges from 8 to 10 millimeters.

Optionally, the reamer further comprises an upper joint, and the upper joint is fixedly connected with the first end of the barrel.

Optionally, the reamer further comprises a guide head, and the guide head is fixedly connected with the second end of the barrel.

Optionally, the guiding head is a milling cone type guiding head.

Optionally, the diameter of the guide head is larger than the diameter of the barrel.

The utility model provides a beneficial effect that technical scheme brought includes:

through the linkage of the water nozzle, the piston and the cutter control rod, the control of the opening and the recovery of the blades is realized by combining the elastic element, the safe recovery of the reamer after the use is finished is ensured, and the use reliability of the reamer is improved. In addition, in the reamer, the angle that the blades can be opened is large, the blades can be opened to 90 degrees at most, and large-hole-diameter reaming can be realized.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a half-section of a reamer according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a half-section of another reamer according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1 and fig. 2 are schematic diagrams of a half-section structure of a reamer according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the reamer includes: a cylinder 10, and a linkage assembly 20, an elastic member 30 and a cutter body 40 positioned inside the cylinder 10.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, linkage assembly 20 includes a water nozzle 201, a piston 202, and a control knife bar 203. The water nozzle 201 and the control knife rod 203 are respectively fixedly connected with the piston 202. The control bar 203 has a rack.

Optionally, the water nozzle is a throttling water nozzle. The water nozzle 201 can be fixed on the piston 202 through a clamp spring. One end of the control knife bar 203 is fixed on the piston 202, and the other end is provided with a rack. When drilling fluid or workover fluid passes through the water injection well choke, can exert pressure to the water injection well choke, the water injection well choke takes place the displacement and links piston and accuse cutter arbor and take place the displacement.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the piston 202 includes a first cylinder 2021 and a second cylinder 2022. The size of the cross section of the first cylinder 2021 is larger than that of the cross section of the second cylinder 2022, that is, the orthographic projection of the second cylinder 2022 on the bottom surface of the first cylinder 2021 is located in the region of the bottom surface of the first cylinder 2021. The cross section of the column body is a surface perpendicular to the length direction of the column body, and the cross section of the column body is parallel to the bottom surface of the column body.

Optionally, the first cylinder and the second cylinder are both cylinders, and the size of the cross section of the first cylinder is larger than that of the cross section of the second cylinder, that is, the diameter of the cross section of the first cylinder is larger than that of the cross section of the second cylinder. Of course, the first cylinder and the second cylinder may also be polygonal cylinders, and the embodiment of the present invention does not limit the shape of the piston.

Alternatively, referring to fig. 1 and 2, the first cylinder 2021 of the piston 202 is located on a side of the second cylinder 2022 away from the cutter body 40. The first and second columns may be of unitary construction.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the elastic element 30 is sleeved on the second post 2022. The first end of the elastic element 30 abuts against the first cylinder 2021, and the second end of the elastic element 30 is connected to the cylinder 10. The second end of the elastic element 30 is connected to the barrel 10, which means that the position of the second end of the elastic element 30 does not move relative to the barrel 10, and the second end of the elastic element 30 may be fixedly connected to the barrel 10, or if the first cylinder 2021 is located on the side of the second cylinder 2022 away from the cutter body 40, the second end of the elastic element 30 may also abut against the barrel 10, that is, the elastic element 30 sleeved on the second cylinder 2022 may be placed on the barrel 10.

Alternatively, the elastic element 30 is a spring or other elastic member.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the cutter body 40 includes a gear 401 and blades 402. The center of the gear 401 of the cutter body 40 is fixedly connected to the cylinder 10 through a rotation shaft (not shown in the drawings), that is, the rotation shaft is fixedly connected to the cylinder 10 and passes through the center of the gear 401, so that the position of the gear 401 does not move relative to the cylinder 10 and the gear 401 can rotate around the rotation shaft. The gear 401 of the cutter body 40 is engaged with the rack of the control cutter bar 203.

Alternatively, the gear and the rotating shaft may be an integral structure, and the rotating shaft may also be referred to as a gear shaft or a gear central shaft. Or the gear and the rotating shaft do not need to be of an integrated structure, and the rotating shaft can be a pin shaft.

Optionally, the thickness of the blade ranges from 8 to 10 millimeters. The blade can be a composite blade, and the edge of the blade can be made of materials with higher hardness and strength, such as diamond or tungsten steel.

The embodiment of the utility model provides a reamer's theory of operation as follows: when drilling fluid or workover fluid passes through the water nozzle 201, pressure is generated on the water nozzle 201; the water nozzle 201 drives the piston 202 and the control cutter rod 203 to move downwards under the action of pressure; in the downward moving process of the cutter control rod 203, the gear 401 of the cutter body 40 is driven by the rack to rotate, the blades 402 are expanded outwards along with the rotation of the gear 401, and the structure of the reamer with the expanded blades can be shown in fig. 2. Then, cutting is carried out through a rotary drilling tool, and the drilling tool is lifted up or lowered down to achieve the purpose of expanding a section of the well hole. In this process, the piston 202 moves down so that the elastic member 30 is in a compressed state. After the reaming is finished, the drilling fluid or the workover fluid is stopped to be injected, the elastic element 30 recovers deformation, the piston 202 is pushed to move upwards, and the piston 202 drives the cutter control rod 203 to move upwards together; in the process that the cutter control rod 203 moves upwards, the gear 401 of the cutter body 40 is driven to rotate through the rack, the blades 402 are inwards recovered along with the rotation of the gear 401, and the structure of the reamer after the blades are recovered can be shown in fig. 1.

To sum up, the embodiment of the utility model provides a reamer through the linkage of water injection well choke, piston and accuse cutter arbor, combines elastic element to realize opening the control with retrieving to the wing, guarantees that reamer can the safety recovery after using the completion, has improved reamer's use reliability. In addition, in the reamer, the angle that the blades can be opened is large, the blades can be opened to 90 degrees at most, and large-hole-diameter reaming can be realized.

Optionally, with continued reference to FIGS. 1 and 2, the reamer also includes a tool holder 50. The tool holder 50 is located between the gear 401 of the cutter body 40 and the cylinder 10. The tool holder 50 is detachably connected to the cylinder 10.

Alternatively, the holder 50 is pinned to the barrel 10.

Because the reaming in-process can cause wearing and tearing to the wing usually, consequently there is the demand of changing the cutter body, in addition to the not unidimensional well, need use the not unidimensional cutter body, when reaming different well bores, also there is the demand of changing the cutter body. Through set up the blade holder between cutter body and barrel, can play the guard action to the gear of cutter body on the one hand, on the other hand when the cutter body needs to be changed, dismantles the blade holder earlier, can increase the change space of cutter body to operating personnel changes the cutter body.

Optionally, with continued reference to FIGS. 1 and 2, the reamer further includes an upper sub 60. The upper joint 60 is fixedly connected to the first end of the cylinder 10. The first end of the barrel may be an upper end of the barrel.

Optionally, the upper joint 60 is screwed with the cylinder 10.

The upper joint is used for connecting a drilling tool. The upper joint is fixedly connected with the drilling tool, and the effect of reaming the borehole by the reamer is achieved by controlling the rotation of the drilling tool.

Optionally, with continued reference to FIGS. 1 and 2, the reamer further includes a guide head 70. The guide head 70 is fixedly connected to the second end of the barrel 10. The second end of the barrel may be the lower end of the barrel. The guide head and the cylinder body can be of an integral structure, or the guide head and the cylinder body can be connected through threads.

When the reamer is arranged in a well, the guide head can play a role in protecting the cylinder, and when encountering an obstacle in the process of arranging the reamer, the guide head contacts the obstacle first, so that the influence on the service life of the reamer caused by the direct damage to the cylinder is avoided.

Optionally, the guiding head is a tapered guiding head. The guiding head is arranged to be of a milling cone type structure, so that the reamer can be conveniently put into a well.

Optionally, the diameter of the guide head is larger than the diameter of the barrel. In the process of descending the reamer in the well, when obstacles such as broken stones on the well wall block the reamer to descend the well, the guide head can be controlled to rotate through the rotary drilling tool so as to clear the obstacles on the well wall, and the reamer can be successfully descended.

The embodiment of the utility model provides an in, can also set up the higher material of hardness intensity on the outer wall of direction head, for example can set up garrulous tungsten steel on the outer wall of direction head to improve the outside hardness intensity of direction head.

Optionally, sealing rings (not shown) may be disposed between various components in the reamer, such as a sealing ring between the top sub and the barrel, a sealing ring between the piston and a central tube (connected to the water nozzle) for conducting drilling fluid or workover fluid, and so on. Optionally, the seal ring is a metal seal ring.

By way of example, embodiments of the present invention provide a reamer of the following four gauges, see table 1 for details. Wherein, the hole openers with different specifications can be applied to the boreholes with different sizes for reaming.

TABLE 1

The maximum outer diameter D of the cylinder, the maximum outer diameter D of the blade and the total length L of the reamer are marked with reference to FIG. 2.

To sum up, the embodiment of the utility model provides a reamer through the linkage of water injection well choke, piston and accuse cutter arbor, combines elastic element to realize opening the control with retrieving to the wing, guarantees that reamer can the safety recovery after using the completion, has improved reamer's use reliability. In addition, in the reamer, the angle that the blades can be opened is large, the blades can be opened to 90 degrees at most, and large-hole-diameter reaming can be realized. The multiple components of the reamer are sealed by metal sealing rings, so that the service life of the reamer is long.

The embodiment of the utility model provides a reamer can be applied to a plurality of oil-water well reaming construction scenes, for example can be applied to following four scenes:

1. after the cement sheath is used for completion operation of the slim hole, the slim hole section is enlarged to increase the thickness of the cement sheath and achieve the purpose of improving the well cementation quality.

2. The method is used for enlarging the diameter of a producing zone of an oil-water well and increasing the area of a well wall so as to improve the perforation density to improve the oil-gas yield.

3. When the pipe is used for sealing channeling outside the pipe, the section to be sealed is expanded to enter a new stratum so as to improve the channeling sealing quality.

4. The diameter of the main well target center section of the communication well is enlarged so as to improve the communication probability of the branch well and the main well.

In the present application, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. The term "plurality" means two or more unless expressly limited otherwise.

The term "and/or" in the embodiment of the present invention is only an association relationship describing an associated object, and indicates that three relationships may exist, for example, a and/or B may indicate: a exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. In addition, the character "/" herein generally indicates that the former and latter related objects are in an "or" relationship.

The above description is only an optional embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A reamer, comprising: the linkage assembly, the elastic element and the cutter body are positioned in the cylinder;

2. The reamer of claim 1, further comprising a tool holder positioned between the gear and the barrel, the tool holder being removably coupled to the barrel.

3. The reamer of claim 2, wherein the seat is pinned to the barrel.

4. The reamer of claim 1, wherein the first post is located on a side of the second post away from the cutter body.

5. The reamer of claim 1, wherein the resilient element is a spring.

6. The reamer of claim 1, wherein the blades have a thickness in a range of 8 to 10 millimeters.

7. The reamer of any one of claims 1-6, further comprising an upper joint fixedly coupled to the first end of the barrel.

8. The reamer of any one of claims 1-6, further comprising a guide head fixedly coupled to the second end of the barrel.

9. The reamer of claim 8, wherein the pilot head is a milled cone pilot head.

10. The reamer of claim 8, wherein the guide head has a diameter greater than a diameter of the barrel.