CN214298782U - Automatic safety protection system for goods elevator - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a goods lift safety automatic protection system relates to the goods lift field, including ground and setting at the perpendicular passageway of subaerial side. The utility model discloses in, this safe automatic protection system all will pass through the on-state earlier before using at every turn. At the moment, the left and right shoe blocks respectively rotate anticlockwise and clockwise, so that the shoe blocks and the shoe block shafts are prevented from being stuck and losing efficacy due to rusting; after the electric hoist is started, the friction plate is completely separated from the guide rail and is in collision with the guide rail, no abrasion is caused, and no power loss is caused to the electric hoist; under the normal condition of the safety automatic protection system, the brake system almost has no abrasion theoretically, and the long service life is ensured; the safety automatic protection system is provided with a left brake system and a right brake system which are relatively independent, the lift car can only move up and down and cannot move horizontally due to the positioning of the guide wheels, when one set of the safety automatic protection system fails, the other set of the safety automatic protection system still functions under the cooperation of the guide wheels, and the reliability of the system is improved.

Description

Automatic safety protection system for goods elevator

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a goods lift field especially relates to a goods lift safety automatic protection system.

Background

Elevators have become a significant vehicle in our daily lives. The vertical transportation device helps people to solve the problem of vertical transportation more conveniently and more comfortably. Along with the great development of economy, China becomes the largest elevator market in China and also becomes the largest elevator production base in the whole world. The continuous innovation and perfection of the elevator technology enable a plurality of original places where the elevator cannot be used to be used with the elevator, and a plurality of novel elevators are born. For example, the elevator system can be classified into a passenger elevator, a freight elevator, a sightseeing elevator and a construction elevator according to the purposes. Sorting by driving: the elevator comprises an alternating current elevator, a direct current elevator, a hydraulic elevator, a gear rack elevator and a screw type elevator.

At present, the economy of China is greatly developed. Many businesses have warehouses on the first floor and warehouses on the second to fourth floors. The amount of goods to be handled is large every day. The labor intensity is high and the efficiency is low. Some farmers put the rice after autumn harvest on the top of the building to be dried, or put things which are not used frequently in the room on the top of the building, or carry gas tanks in daily life, etc., all have urgent needs on the elevator. However, there are various limitations to installing elevators: the large elevator has high installation cost and large volume; professional personnel are needed to maintain in the later period, and the maintenance cost is high. Some floors are low, elevator operation equipment is simply and roughly placed on the first floor, and goods are transported upwards by using the hydraulic cylinder. But not to floors that are slightly higher. Therefore, at present, a plurality of simple elevators are used for transporting goods professionally. This kind of elevator has a characteristic: simple structure and convenient maintenance. The method is characterized in that a channel vertical to the ground is reserved when a house is built, and a container is arranged in the channel and moves up and down in the channel, so that the goods are carried up and down. An electric block is installed at the top end of the channel and pulls the container to move up and down through a steel wire rope. Generally, large elevators have complete safety devices, such as brakes, which control the elevator car to stop ascending or descending in time; limit switch-prevent the car from being opened to the highest position or the lowest position and not being able to continue running; when the overtravel switch and the car run to the highest position or the lowest position, if the limit switch is out of control, the car continues to ascend or descend. In order to prevent the lift car from rushing to the top or sinking to the bottom, the device can cut off the power supply and is provided with an overtravel switch which can not be automatically reset; safety tongs-in order to prevent the car from suddenly falling down because of the breakage of the hoisting steel wire rope, the slipping of the rope groove and the like, the safety tongs which can cut off the control power supply and stop the car from falling down can be arranged on the car; as well as speed governors, door interlocks, and the like. However, simple elevators are not possible to provide so many safety devices under cost constraints. At present, electric block's safety device is still more complete, for example there is crashproof stop device, and when the packing box moved extreme position, crashproof stop device triggered the outage, and electric block automatic braking prevented that the goods from reacing extreme position, and electric block still upwards pulls up, plays safety protection's purpose, is equivalent to the limit switch of big elevator. Of course, the bump stop cannot guarantee absolute safety either: for example, when the anti-collision limit switch burns out and fails to work, or when the circuit problem cannot well transmit the switch signal. At this time, the electric block continues to be pulled upwards. If the elevator is a large elevator, an overtravel switch is also used. But the over-travel switch is omitted due to the simple elevator. When the motor is not pulled, the motor may be blocked, so that the motor is burnt out; the worst possibility is that the steel wire rope can not bear the pulling force after long-term use, and the container is directly dropped from the top, so that safety accidents are caused. It is also possible that there is a safety hazard due to constant wear when the steel cord is used for a long time. When the goods pulled on a certain day are heavy, the steel wire rope is likely to be broken actually, and the container falls down suddenly, so that irreparable loss is caused and potential safety hazards are caused.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

An object of the utility model is to provide a goods lift safety automatic protection system to solve above-mentioned technical problem.

The utility model discloses a solve above-mentioned technical problem, adopt following technical scheme to realize: an automatic safety protection system for a goods elevator comprises a ground and a vertical channel arranged above the ground,

a car is arranged in the vertical channel, two guide rails are symmetrically arranged in the vertical channel, and the car slides on the adjacent guide rails through guide wheels;

the lift car is provided with a left shoe block and a right shoe block in an axisymmetric manner through the shoe blocks, friction plates are pasted on the left shoe block and the right shoe block, two limit blocks a and two limit blocks b are symmetrically arranged on the lift car, and each limit block a and each limit block b are arranged above the corresponding left shoe block and the corresponding right shoe block;

the lift car is symmetrically provided with two brake spring fixing pins, and the two brake spring fixing pins are respectively connected with the left shoe block and the right shoe block through brake springs;

the left shoe block and the right shoe block are respectively provided with an elongated slot, and the left shoe block and the right shoe block are fixed together after sequentially penetrating through the elongated slots through steel wire ropes.

Preferably, the lateral wall of car has four bearing frames through bolt and nut fixed mounting, and four bearing frames are the rectangle and distribute in the both sides of car, the bearing frame passes through the guiding axle and installs on the leading wheel, the guiding axle passes through axial retaining ring axial fixation on the bearing frame.

Preferably, the two shoe block shafts are provided with first shaft check rings.

Preferably, the two brake spring fixing pins are provided with retaining rings for the second shaft.

Preferably, the left shoe block and the right shoe block are hinged on the car in a staggered mode.

Preferably, the two limit blocks b are positioned above the two limit blocks a.

The utility model has the advantages that:

the utility model discloses in, this safe automatic protection system all will pass through the on-state earlier before using at every turn. At the moment, the left and right shoe blocks respectively rotate anticlockwise and clockwise, so that the shoe blocks and the shoe block shafts are prevented from being stuck and losing efficacy due to rusting; after the electric hoist is started, the friction plate is completely separated from the guide rail and is in collision with the guide rail, no abrasion is caused, and no power loss is caused to the electric hoist; under the normal condition of the safety automatic protection system, the brake system almost has no abrasion theoretically, and the long service life is ensured; the safety automatic protection system is provided with a left brake system and a right brake system which are relatively independent, the lift car can only move up and down and cannot move horizontally due to the positioning of the guide wheels, when one set of the safety automatic protection system fails, the other set of the safety automatic protection system still functions under the cooperation of the guide wheels, and the reliability of the system is improved.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an original state of the automatic safety protection system for a cargo lift of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the starting state of the automatic safety protection system for the goods elevator of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the operation state of the automatic safety protection system for the goods elevator of the present invention;

fig. 4 is the utility model relates to a goods lift safety automatic protection system fault status's schematic structure diagram.

Reference numerals: 1-ground; 2-bearing seat; 3-a bolt; 4-a nut; 5-axial retainer ring; 6-a guide wheel shaft; 7-a guide wheel; 8-a guide rail; 9-vertical channels; 10-a car; 11-left shoe block; 12-a friction plate; 13-a stopper a; 14-shoe shaft; 15-a first shaft collar; 16-limit b; 17-brake spring fixing pin; 18-a second collar; 19-a steel wire rope; 20-a brake spring; 21-right shoe block.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical means, the creation features, the achievement purposes and the functions of the present invention easy to understand, the present invention will be further explained below with reference to the following embodiments and the accompanying drawings, but the following embodiments are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments are included. Based on the embodiments in the implementation, other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without any creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Specific embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1-4, an automatic safety protection system for a cargo lift comprises a ground 1 and a vertical channel 9 arranged above the ground 1, wherein a car 10 is arranged in the vertical channel 9, two guide rails 8 are symmetrically arranged in the vertical channel 9, and the car 10 slides on the adjacent guide rails 8 through guide wheels 7;

a left shoe block 11 and a right shoe block 21 are symmetrically arranged on the car 10 through a shoe block shaft 14, friction plates 12 are pasted on the left shoe block 11 and the right shoe block 21, two limit blocks a13 and two limit blocks b16 are symmetrically arranged on the car 10, and each limit block a13 and each limit block b16 are arranged above the corresponding left shoe block 11 and the corresponding right shoe block 21;

the lift car 10 is symmetrically provided with two brake spring fixing pins 17, and the two brake spring fixing pins 17 are respectively connected with a left shoe block 11 and a right shoe block 21 through brake springs 20;

the left shoe block 11 and the right shoe block 21 are respectively provided with an elongated slot, and the left shoe block 11 and the right shoe block 21 are fixed together after sequentially penetrating through the elongated slots through a steel wire rope 19.

The side wall of the car 10 is fixedly provided with four bearing seats 2 through bolts 3 and nuts 4, the four bearing seats 2 are distributed on two sides of the car 10 in a rectangular shape, the bearing seats 2 are arranged on a guide wheel 7 through a guide wheel shaft 6, and the guide wheel shaft 6 is axially fixed on the bearing seats 2 through an axial retainer ring 5.

The two shoe block shafts 14 are provided with first shaft check rings 15, and the two brake spring fixing pins 17 are provided with second shaft check rings 18.

The original state is as follows: the car 10 rests freely on the ground 1. At this time, the left shoe 11 and the right shoe 21 rotate clockwise and counterclockwise under the action of the brake spring 20. At this time, friction plate 12 is pressed against guide rail 8. The car 10 is in a braking state.

And (3) starting: when the electric hoist is started, the steel wire rope 19 starts to be tensioned, the left shoe block 11 rotates anticlockwise, and the right shoe block 21 rotates clockwise. Friction plates 12 are gradually moved away from guide rail 8. The car 10 is released from braking. At the same time, the brake spring 20 is extended to store energy in preparation for braking.

The operation state is as follows: the steel wire rope 19 continues to be pulled upwards, and at the moment, the left shoe 11 and the right shoe 21 abut against the limiting plate b 16. The shoe does not continue to rotate. At this time, under the pulling of the steel wire rope 19, the force is transmitted to the limit plate b16 through the left and right shoe blocks 11 and 21, and the limit plate b16 is welded on the car 10, so that the car 10 moves upwards under the pulling of the steel wire rope 19. When the upward movement of the wire rope 19 is stopped, the car 10 can be stopped at a desired position. When the steel wire rope 19 is lowered, the steel wire rope 19 is still tensioned under the gravity of the car 10, and the left shoe 11 and the right shoe 21 abut against the limiting plate b 16. The tension of the rope 19 on the car 10 is now equal to the weight of the car 10 plus the load. The car 10 is in a stationary condition. As the wire rope 19 is extended, the car 10 slowly moves downward at a constant speed by the wire rope 19. When the car 10 reaches the low portion, the weight of the car 10 is entirely supported by the ground 1. At this time, the wire rope 19 is loosened, and the left shoe 11 and the right shoe 21 rotate clockwise and counterclockwise respectively until the friction plate 12 contacts the guide rail 8.

And (3) fault state: as the elevator operation time is prolonged, the wire rope 19 is worn to a certain extent; or an elevator is overloaded; or the car 10 exceeds the upper stroke of the electric block and the bump stopper fails. It is possible to cause the wire 19 to break in the operating state. The brake spring 20 has been elongated due to the start-up condition of the car 10. When in the running state, if the wire rope 19 is suddenly broken, the balance state of the car 10 is broken. Under the dual action of self weight and cargo weight, the cushion falls down rapidly. At this moment, the left shoe 11 and the right shoe 21 do not get the upward force of the steel cable 19, and only the brake spring 20 pulls the steel cable. Under the action of the pulling force of the brake spring 20, the left shoe 11 and the right shoe 21 respectively rotate clockwise and counterclockwise until the friction plate 12 contacts the guide rail 8. Because the brake springs 20 are designed to be very strong, the two brake springs 20 have an elastic force close to but less than half of the weight of the car 10. At the moment when the car 10 moves downwards, the brake spring 20 suddenly pulls the left shoe 11 and the right shoe 21 downwards, the friction plate 12 is tightly pressed on the guide rail 8, and the whole system enters an emergency braking state. Since the force of the brake spring 20 is large, the frictional force is also sufficiently large. Meanwhile, the friction force of the guide rail 8 acts on the left shoe 11 and the right shoe 21, and the torque is in the same direction as the tension direction of the brake spring 20. The friction force is greatly increased. The heavier the car 10 and the cargo weight, the greater the friction force, ensuring that the car 10 is reliably stopped on the guide rails 8. The purpose of the brake spring 20 being resilient to approximately but less than half the weight of the car 10 is to ensure that the friction plates 12 are reliably clear of the guide rail 8. If the force of the brake spring 20 is too large, when the pulling rope pulls the car 10 upwards, the friction plate 12 is still on the guide rail 8 if the left shoe 11 and the right shoe 21 do not rotate, and the abrasion of the friction plate 12 is increased. When a failure occurs, the friction plate 12 does not play an essential role, and a safety accident may occur. And if the force of the brake spring 20 is close to but less than half the weight of the car 10. Even if the car 10 is unloaded, the elastic force is smaller than the weight of the car 10 due to the two braking springs 20. When the brake is started, the left shoe block 11 and the right shoe block 21 firstly elongate the brake spring 20 to store energy under the action of the tension of the steel wire rope 19 to prepare for braking, and then reliably move anticlockwise and clockwise to ensure that the friction plate 12 reliably leaves the guide rail 8, so that the friction plate 12 is zero-worn when in a normal working state, and meanwhile, the tension value is very large when the brake spring 20 is in a running state. Thus, in a failure state, friction plate 12 is tightly pressed against guide rail 8. Since the magnitude of the friction is proportional to the pressure perpendicular to the guide rail 8. Thus, a considerable frictional force can be obtained. Due to the large force of the brake spring 20. It is considered that brake spring 20 suddenly contracts to press friction plate 12 tightly against guide rail 8 at the same time as wire 19 is just broken. At the moment when the steel wire 19 is broken, the brake system is immediately actuated. Ensuring that the car 10 is secured to the guide rails 8 by the braking system upon breakage of the wire rope 19. Meanwhile, the friction plate 12 is subjected to an upward frictional force, and the generated torque is in the same direction as the torque generated by the brake spring 20. The two are added to generate self-energizing action. The brake is more reliable. As shown, the angle between the friction force of the guide rail 8 on the friction plate 12 and the action line of the left shoe 11 and the right shoe 21 of the guide rail 8 is 105 degrees. According to the force analysis, the vertical supporting force of the friction plate 12 is 3.7 times of the friction force, so that the friction force is greatly enhanced. In conclusion, when the steel wire rope 19 breaks, the safety protection system immediately brakes the car 10, so that no large safety accident occurs, and meanwhile, the goods are prevented from being damaged.

The safety automatic protection system is greatly influenced by abrasion of the shoe shaft 14. In order to prevent the left shoe 11 shaft and the right shoe 21 shaft 14 from bearing too much weight, the distance between the two upper limit blocks is small. Therefore, the hoof block shaft 14 is stressed less at ordinary times, the hoof block shaft 14 is guaranteed to be abraded less, and the service life of the safety automatic protection system is prolonged.

In order to avoid brake failure caused by the fact that the shoe rotating friction plate 12 exceeds the horizontal position of the shoe shaft 14 under the action of gravity when a fault occurs because the shoe shaft 14 is worn too much, a limiting block a13 is arranged. When a shoe is in fault, the friction plate 12 rotates to exceed the horizontal position of the shoe shaft 14, and the limiting block a13 acts to ensure that the friction plate 12 does not rotate upwards at the maximum acting point under the action of friction force.

In the present disclosure, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may comprise direct contact between the first and second features, or may comprise contact between the first and second features not directly. Also, the first feature being "on," "above" and "over" the second feature includes the first feature being directly on and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicating that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply meaning that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.

The foregoing shows and describes the general principles, essential features, and advantages of the invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited by the above embodiments, and the description in the above embodiments and the description is only preferred examples of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and that the present invention can have various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and these changes and modifications all fall into the scope of the claimed invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.

Claims (6)

1. The utility model provides a goods lift safety automatic protection system, includes ground (1) and sets up perpendicular passageway (9) above ground (1), its characterized in that:

a lift car (10) is arranged in the vertical channel (9), two guide rails (8) are symmetrically arranged in the vertical channel (9), and the lift car (10) slides on the adjacent guide rails (8) through guide wheels (7);

a left shoe block (11) and a right shoe block (21) are symmetrically arranged on the car (10) through a shoe block shaft (14), friction plates (12) are adhered to the left shoe block (11) and the right shoe block (21), two limit blocks a (13) and two limit blocks b (16) are symmetrically arranged on the car (10), and each limit block a (13) and each limit block b (16) are arranged above the corresponding left shoe block (11) and the corresponding right shoe block (21);

the car (10) is symmetrically provided with two brake spring fixing pins (17), and the two brake spring fixing pins (17) are respectively connected with a left shoe block (11) and a right shoe block (21) through brake springs (20);

the left shoe block (11) and the right shoe block (21) are respectively provided with an elongated slot, and the left shoe block (11) and the right shoe block (21) are fixed together after sequentially penetrating through the elongated slots through a steel wire rope (19).

2. The automatic safety protection system for the cargo lift according to claim 1, wherein:

the lateral wall of car (10) has four bearing frames (2) through bolt (3) and nut (4) fixed mounting, and four bearing frames (2) are the rectangle and distribute in the both sides of car (10), install bearing frame (2) through direction shaft (6) on leading wheel (7), direction shaft (6) are through axial retaining ring (5) axial fixation on bearing frame (2).

3. The automatic safety protection system for the cargo lift according to claim 1, wherein:

and the two shoe block shafts (14) are respectively provided with a first shaft retainer ring (15).

4. The automatic safety protection system for the cargo lift according to claim 1, wherein:

two retaining rings (18) for a second shaft are arranged on the two brake spring fixing pins (17).

5. The automatic safety protection system for the cargo lift according to claim 1, wherein:

the left shoe block (11) and the right shoe block (21) are hinged on the car (10) in a staggered mode.

6. The automatic safety protection system for the cargo lift according to claim 1, wherein:

the two limit blocks b (16) are positioned above the two limit blocks a (13).

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