CN214274363U

CN214274363U - Planetary reducer, transmission system and vehicle

Info

Publication number: CN214274363U
Application number: CN202022355813.6U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 喻尔东; 李泽桐; 文晨旭
Original assignee: Beijing Institute of Technology BIT
Current assignee: Beijing Institute of Technology BIT
Priority date: 2020-10-21
Filing date: 2020-10-21
Publication date: 2021-09-24
Anticipated expiration: 2030-10-21

Abstract

The utility model provides a planetary reducer, which comprises a sun gear, a planetary gear, a gear ring and a planetary carrier, wherein the sun gear is a power input end, the gear ring is a fixed end, and the planetary carrier is a power output end; the planet wheels comprise large planet wheels, small planet wheels and planet wheel shafts; the large planet wheel, the small planet wheel and the planet wheel shaft are coaxially integrated and fixedly connected, the large planet wheel is in meshing transmission with the sun wheel, the small planet wheel is in meshing transmission with the gear ring, and the planet wheel shaft is connected with the planet carrier. The planetary reducer provided by the utility model has simple structure, light weight and low cost, adopts lightweight design, greatly reduces unsprung mass of the whole vehicle, and improves the controllability of the vehicle; and the device also has the advantages of high precision, high transmission efficiency, high torque and the like. The utility model also provides an use above-mentioned planetary reducer's transmission system and vehicle.

Description

Planetary reducer, transmission system and vehicle

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of the vehicle transmission, concretely relates to planetary reducer and transmission system, vehicle.

Background

The drive train of an electric formula car is typically a single motor chain drive. In order to meet the power requirement of racing cars, the power of a motor is usually high in a single motor driving mode, a main speed reducer with high transmission is needed for converting the power of the motor into torque required by the racing cars, and a common solution is to adopt two-stage chain transmission, so that the purposes of reducing speed and increasing torque are achieved. The power output by the main speed reducer can be transmitted to the half shaft only through the differential mechanism, and the support and the installation of the differential mechanism also need a whole set of mechanisms. When a chain drive is used, a set of chain tensioning mechanisms must be matched. The single motor driving has a series of problems of large occupied space of the motor, complex structure of the whole transmission system, large mass, large processing and assembling difficulty and the like.

There are driving techniques in the prior art that employ distributed hub motors. Compared with single motor drive, the distributed hub motor drive can provide larger torque and reduce energy consumption, and also provides stronger driving force for racing. However, the transmission method still has the technical problems that the general power density of the hub motor is not high, the structure of a transmission system is complex, the unsprung mass is greatly increased, the smoothness of the automobile is reduced, and the like. Therefore, it is desirable to provide a novel speed reducer and transmission system to solve the above problems.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve at least one of the technical problems, the utility model aims to provide a planetary reducer which has light weight design, light weight and low cost, and greatly reduces the unsprung mass of the whole vehicle; the device also has the characteristics of high precision, high transmission efficiency, high torque and the like; the utility model also provides a transmission system and vehicle.

In order to at least achieve one of the above purposes, the technical solution adopted in the embodiment of the present invention is: the planetary speed reducer comprises a sun gear, a planetary gear, a gear ring and a planetary carrier, wherein the sun gear is a power input end, the gear ring is a fixed end, and the planetary carrier is a power output end; the planet wheels comprise large planet wheels, small planet wheels and planet wheel shafts; the large planet wheel, the small planet wheel and the planet wheel shaft are coaxially integrated and fixedly connected, the large planet wheel is in meshing transmission with the sun wheel, the small planet wheel is in meshing transmission with the gear ring, and the planet wheel shaft is connected with the planet carrier.

Furthermore, the planet wheels are three and are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction.

Furthermore, one side end face of the planet carrier is provided with a first support hole, and one end of the planet wheel shaft is rotatably supported in the first support hole.

Furthermore, the end face of one side of the planet carrier is also provided with three connecting columns which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction, and the connecting columns and the support holes are arranged in a staggered mode; and the end surface of the connecting column is provided with a mounting hole.

Further, the device also comprises a planet carrier cover plate; one side of the planet carrier cover plate is provided with a connecting hole matched with the connecting column in shape; the connecting column penetrates through the gap of the planet wheel to be inserted into the connecting hole and is fixedly connected through a screw.

Furthermore, the planet carrier cover plate is also provided with a second support hole corresponding to the first support hole, the other end of the planet wheel shaft is inserted into the second support hole, and the second support hole is used for providing rotary support for the planet wheel shaft; the middle part of the planet carrier cover plate is also provided with a through hole.

Further, the sun wheel is fixedly arranged on a sun wheel shaft, and the sun wheel shaft is rotatably supported in the through hole; and one end of the sun wheel shaft is provided with an internal spline.

Further, the gear ring is fixedly arranged on the speed reducer shell; the bearing I arranged on the planet carrier cover plate, the bearing II arranged on the planet carrier and the oil seal are arranged on the speed reducer shell and used for providing rotary support for the planetary speed reducer.

The utility model also provides a transmission system, including above-mentioned planetary reducer, still include motor and wheel, the output shaft of motor with the sun gear hub connection, the planet carrier with wheel connection.

The utility model also provides a vehicle, including above-mentioned transmission system, the motor is in-wheel motor.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model, beneficial effect lies in:

the planetary reducer provided by the utility model has simple structure, light weight and low cost, adopts lightweight design, greatly reduces unsprung mass of the whole vehicle, and improves the controllability of the vehicle; the planetary reducer also has the characteristics of high precision, high transmission efficiency, high torque and the like.

In a word, the utility model provides a simple structure, light in weight, with low costs planetary reducer, it has extensive application prospect in the vehicle transmission field.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of an overall structure of a planetary reducer according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a first schematic diagram illustrating an explosion of a planetary reducer according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 3 is an exploded schematic view of a planetary reducer according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of an overall structure of a planetary reducer according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of FIG. 4;

fig. 7 is a first schematic structural diagram of a planetary gear train provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram ii of a planetary gear train provided in the embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a planet carrier according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a planet carrier cover plate according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Wherein the reference numerals are as follows:

the planet carrier comprises a sun wheel 1, a sun wheel shaft 1-1, planet wheels 2, large planet wheels 2-1, small planet wheels 2-2, a planet wheel shaft 2-3, a gear ring 3, a planet carrier 4, a support hole I4-1, a connecting column 4-2, a mounting hole 4-3, a planet carrier cover plate 5, a connecting hole 5-1, a screw 5-2, a support hole II 5-3, a bearing I6, a bearing II 7 and an oil seal 8.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood by those skilled in the art, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the following specific embodiments. It should be noted that the following described embodiments are exemplary only, and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. The examples, where specific techniques or conditions are not indicated, are to be construed according to the techniques or conditions described in the literature in the art or according to the product specifications.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implying any number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically limited otherwise.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "fixed" are to be construed broadly and may, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations by those skilled in the art.

Hereinafter, the planetary reduction gear of the present invention will be described in detail by way of specific embodiments:

as shown in fig. 1-10, the planetary reduction gear includes a sun gear 1, planet gears 2, a ring gear 3, and a planet carrier 4. A sun gear 1 is fixedly arranged on the sun gear shaft 1-1, and one end of the sun gear shaft 1-1 is provided with an internal spline for being connected with a power source. The power source of the present embodiment is preferably the output shaft of the in-wheel motor.

The planet wheels 2 are provided with three and are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction. Each planet wheel 2 comprises a large planet wheel 2-1, a small planet wheel 2-2 and a planet wheel shaft 2-3. The large planet wheel 2-1 and the small planet wheel 2-2 are coaxially and fixedly arranged on a planet wheel shaft 2-3. Wherein, the large planet wheel 2-1 is in meshed transmission with the sun wheel 1; the small planet wheel 2-2 is in meshed transmission with the gear ring 3. The ring gear 3 is mounted on a reducer case (not shown) of the vehicle, is a fixed end in the entire planetary gear train, and supports the entire planetary gear train.

One side end face of the planet carrier 4 is provided with a first support hole 4-1, one end of the planet wheel shaft 2-3 is inserted into the first support hole 4-1, and the two are connected in a rotating fit manner. Three planet wheels 2 are supported by a planet carrier 4. The end face of the planet carrier 4 is also provided with three connecting columns 4-2 which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction and are arranged in a staggered way with the first support holes 4-1. The end surface of the connecting column 4-2 is provided with a mounting hole 4-3. The other end of the planet carrier 4 can be designed with a proper shape and connection mode according to the connection requirement, such as a connection nut.

The planetary gear unit also comprises a planet carrier cover plate 5. One side of the planet carrier cover plate 5 is provided with a connecting hole 5-1 matched with the connecting column 4-2 in shape. The connecting column 4-2 penetrates through the gap of the planet wheel 2 to be inserted into the connecting hole 5-1 and is fixedly connected through a screw 5-2, so that the planet carrier cover plate 5 and the planet carrier 4 form an integral structure. The planet carrier cover plate 5 is also provided with a second support hole 5-3 corresponding to the first support hole 4-1 and used for providing rotary support for the planet wheel shaft 2-3. The middle part of the planet carrier cover plate 5 is also provided with a through hole for providing rotary support for the sun wheel shaft 1-1.

The whole planetary reducer is mounted on a reducer shell (not shown in the figure) of a vehicle through a bearing I6 arranged at a planet carrier cover plate 5, a bearing II 7 arranged at a planet carrier 4 and an oil seal 8, and is used for power transmission.

The utility model discloses planetary reducer's transmission principle specifically introduces as follows:

when the sun wheel 1 is driven to rotate by power from an output shaft of the hub motor, the large planet wheel 2-1 meshed with the sun wheel is driven to rotate. The large planet wheel 2-1 rotates to drive the small planet wheel 2-2 coaxially and integrally arranged with the large planet wheel to rotate simultaneously. Because the small planet wheel 2-2 is meshed with the gear ring 3, and the gear ring 3 is fixed, the planet wheel shaft 2-3 is driven to revolve around the sun wheel shaft 1-1 according to the relative motion principle, and then the planet carrier 4 and the planet carrier cover plate 5 connected with the planet wheel shaft are driven to rotate to output power, so that the speed reduction and the torque increase are realized.

The utility model provides a planetary reducer's drive ratio scope is preferred 7 ~ 16, and the scope of chooseing for use of the modulus of gear is 0.6 ~ 1.2. The specific reduction ratio, the number of teeth of each gear and the modulus can be selected according to the condition of the motor, the requirement of power, the weight of the speed reducer, the safety coefficient and the working condition. Preferably, the number of teeth of the sun gear is 21, the number of teeth of the large planet gear is 55, the number of teeth of the small planet gear is 23, and the number of teeth of the ring gear is 99. The modules of the gears are all 0.9, and the end face pressure angles are all 20 degrees. The gear number and the modulus enable the speed reducer to have smaller volume and mass, the lightweight design of a transmission system is achieved, and the unsprung mass is greatly reduced while the service life is met.

The utility model also provides a transmission system and vehicle. The transmission system comprises the planetary speed reducer, the hub motor and the wheel. The utility model provides a wheel hub motor is preferred for German AMK motor. The vehicle is powered through the transmission system.

In the present application, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the first feature may be directly on or directly under the second feature or indirectly via intermediate members. Also, a first feature "on," "over," and "above" a second feature may be directly or diagonally above the second feature, or may simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the first feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.

In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, various embodiments or examples and features of various embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.

Claims

1. A planetary reducer comprises a sun gear, a planetary gear, a gear ring and a planetary carrier, wherein the sun gear is a power input end, the gear ring is a fixed end, and the planetary carrier is a power output end; the method is characterized in that: the planet wheels comprise large planet wheels, small planet wheels and planet wheel shafts; the large planet wheel, the small planet wheel and the planet wheel shaft are coaxially integrated and fixedly connected, the large planet wheel is in meshing transmission with the sun wheel, the small planet wheel is in meshing transmission with the gear ring, and the planet wheel shaft is connected with the planet carrier.

2. The planetary reducer according to claim 1, wherein: the planet wheel is provided with three to along the circumferencial direction equipartition setting.

3. The planetary reducer according to claim 2, wherein: one side end face of the planet carrier is provided with a first support hole, and one end of the planet wheel shaft is rotatably supported in the first support hole.

4. The planetary reducer of claim 3, wherein: the end face of one side of the planet carrier is also provided with three connecting columns which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction, and the connecting columns and the supporting holes are arranged in a staggered mode; and the end surface of the connecting column is provided with a mounting hole.

5. The planetary reducer according to claim 4, wherein: the device also comprises a planet carrier cover plate; one side of the planet carrier cover plate is provided with a connecting hole matched with the connecting column in shape; the connecting column penetrates through the gap of the planet wheel to be inserted into the connecting hole and is fixedly connected through a screw.

6. The planetary reducer of claim 5, wherein: the planet carrier cover plate is also provided with a second support hole corresponding to the first support hole, the other end of the planet wheel shaft is inserted into the second support hole, and the second support hole is used for providing rotary support for the planet wheel shaft; the middle part of the planet carrier cover plate is also provided with a through hole.

7. The planetary reducer of claim 6, wherein: the sun wheel is fixedly arranged on a sun wheel shaft, and the sun wheel shaft is rotatably supported in the through hole; and one end of the sun wheel shaft is provided with an internal spline.

8. The planetary reducer according to claim 7, wherein: the gear ring is fixedly arranged on the speed reducer shell; the bearing I arranged on the planet carrier cover plate, the bearing II arranged on the planet carrier and the oil seal are arranged on the speed reducer shell and used for providing rotary support for the planetary speed reducer.

9. A transmission system comprising the planetary reducer as claimed in any one of claims 7 to 8, characterized in that: the sun wheel device is characterized by further comprising a motor and wheels, an output shaft of the motor is connected with the sun wheel shaft, and the planet carrier is connected with the wheels.

10. A vehicle comprising the transmission system of claim 9, characterized in that: the motor is a hub motor.