CN214256160U - Thermoelectric generator - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a thermoelectric generator, this thermoelectric generator includes: the system comprises a heating module, a refrigerating module and a semiconductor temperature difference power generation module, wherein the heating module comprises a light-gathering heat collector and a first heat conductor; the light-focusing heat collector comprises a convex lens; the convex lens is arranged above the first heat conductor and used for collecting solar energy and converging the solar energy to the first heat conductor; the refrigeration module comprises a radiation refrigeration unit and a second heat conductor; the radiation refrigeration unit is in contact with the second heat conductor and is used for radiating heat of the second heat conductor out in an infrared mode in an atmosphere transmission window wave band; the first heat conductor forms heat exchange with the second heat conductor through the semiconductor temperature difference power generation module, the problem of low efficiency of electric energy generation is solved, and the temperature difference power generator capable of quickly generating electric energy is realized.

Description

Thermoelectric generator

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of power generation structures, in particular to a thermoelectric generator.

Background

Thermoelectric power generation is a novel power generation mode, and heat energy is directly converted into electric energy by utilizing the Sieebeck effect. The semiconductor generator manufactured by the semiconductor temperature difference generating module can generate electricity as long as the temperature difference exists. The portable power supply has no noise and pollution during working, has the service life of more than ten years, and is free from maintenance, thereby being widely applied.

The current thermoelectric generator has: semiconductor temperature difference power generation, ocean temperature difference power generation and other temperature difference power generation forms. The ocean temperature difference power generation system utilizes the temperature difference between the shallow layer and the deep layer of seawater and different heat sources of temperature and cold, and generates power through a heat exchanger and a turbine. In the existing ocean temperature difference power generation system, the source of heat energy is the warm seawater on the ocean surface, and the power generation method basically comprises two methods: one is to evaporate the working fluid with low boiling point in a closed circulating system by utilizing warm seawater; the other is that warm seawater boils in a vacuum chamber, and the influence of the region and the environment on the ocean temperature difference power generation system is large. The semiconductor temperature difference power generation technology has the working principle that a temperature difference is set at two ends of two semiconductors with different properties, so that direct-current voltage is generated at the two ends of the semiconductors. In the prior art, the temperature difference formed by the thermoelectric generator at the hot end and the cold end is small, so that the semiconductor thermoelectric generation piece generates small electromotive force and the efficiency of generating electric energy is low.

In view of the problem of low efficiency of generating electric energy in the related art, no effective solution has been proposed at present.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

To solve the problem of low efficiency in generating electric energy in the related art, the present application provides a thermoelectric generator to at least solve the above-mentioned problem.

According to the utility model discloses an aspect provides a thermoelectric generator, thermoelectric generator includes: the system comprises a heating module, a refrigerating module and a semiconductor temperature difference power generation module, wherein the heating module comprises a light-gathering heat collector and a first heat conductor; the light-focusing heat collector comprises a convex lens; the convex lens is arranged above the first heat conductor and is used for collecting solar energy and converging the solar energy to the first heat conductor;

the refrigeration module comprises a radiation refrigeration unit and a second heat conductor; the radiation refrigeration unit is in contact with the second heat conductor and is used for radiating heat of the second heat conductor out in an infrared mode in an atmosphere transmission window waveband;

the first heat conductor forms heat exchange with the second heat conductor through the semiconductor thermoelectric power generation module.

In one embodiment, the thermoelectric generator further comprises a carbon nanoparticle film attached to an upper surface of the first conductor.

In one embodiment, the semiconductor thermoelectric generation module further includes: the semiconductor thermoelectric generation module comprises a first conductor connecting sheet and a second conductor connecting sheet, wherein the first conductor connecting sheet is connected to the joint of the semiconductor thermoelectric generation module and the first heat conductor, and the second conductor connecting sheet is connected to the joint of the semiconductor thermoelectric generation module and the second heat conductor.

In one embodiment, the thermoelectric generator further includes an energy storage module electrically connected to the first conductor connecting piece and the second conductor connecting piece, respectively.

In one embodiment, the thermoelectric generator further comprises an inverter module electrically connected to the first conductor connecting piece and the second conductor connecting piece respectively.

In one embodiment, the thermoelectric generator further comprises a voltage stabilizing module, wherein the voltage stabilizing module is connected in series between the semiconductor thermoelectric generation module and the energy storage module, or the voltage stabilizing module is connected in series between the semiconductor thermoelectric generation module and the inverter module.

In one embodiment, the semiconductor thermoelectric generation module is a P-type semiconductor, an N-type semiconductor or a PN junction.

In one embodiment, the radiant cooling unit comprises: a radiation refrigerating film or a radiation refrigerating coating.

In one embodiment, the reflectivity of the radiation refrigeration film or the radiation refrigeration coating to a sunlight wave band of 0.3-2.5 microns is more than or equal to 85%, and the emissivity to an atmospheric window wave band of 8-13 microns is more than or equal to 90%.

In one embodiment, the carbon nanoparticle thin film includes: carbon nanoparticles and paper, wherein the weight ratio of the carbon nanoparticles to the paper is 1: (5-9), wherein the particle size of the carbon nanoparticles is between 20-500 nm, and the precipitation concentration of the carbon nanoparticles on paper is 7-9 g per square meter.

Through the utility model discloses, a thermoelectric generator is provided, thermoelectric generator includes: the system comprises a heating module, a refrigerating module and a semiconductor temperature difference power generation module; the refrigerating module is connected with the heating module through a semiconductor temperature difference power generation module; the heating module comprises a light-focusing heat collector, the light-focusing heat collector is a convex lens, and sunlight is incident on the front surface of the light-focusing heat collector and is converged on the back surface of the light-focusing heat collector to be used for collecting solar energy; the semiconductor temperature difference power generation module generates electric energy based on the temperature difference between the heating module and the refrigerating module, so that the problem of low efficiency of generating the electric energy is solved.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention without undue limitation to the invention. In the drawings:

fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a thermoelectric generator according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an energy storage module of a thermoelectric generator according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an inversion module of a thermoelectric generator according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a voltage stabilizing module of the thermoelectric generator according to the embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a thermoelectric generator according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a light-concentrating heat collector according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of a semiconductor thermoelectric power generation module according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the present application is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application.

It should be noted that the terms "first", "second" and "third" related to the embodiments of the present invention are only used for distinguishing similar objects, and do not represent a specific ordering for the objects, and the terms "first", "second" and "third" may be interchanged with a specific order or sequence, if allowed. It is to be understood that the terms "first," "second," and "third," as distinguished herein, may be interchanged under appropriate circumstances such that embodiments of the invention described herein may be practiced in sequences other than those illustrated or described herein. The terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present application.

In the description of the present application, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood in a specific case by those of ordinary skill in the art.

Before describing and explaining embodiments of the present application, a description will be given of the related art used in the present application as follows:

seebeck effect: also referred to as the first thermoelectric effect, is a thermoelectric phenomenon in which a voltage difference between two substances is caused by a temperature difference between two different electric conductors or semiconductors, and the direction of the thermoelectric potential is generally defined as: electrons flow from negative to positive at the hot side.

Stefan-Boltzmann law: the law of stefan is a well-known law of thermodynamics that the total power (called the emittance of the object or the energy flux density) j radiated by a black body surface per unit area per unit time is proportional to the fourth power of the thermodynamic temperature T (also called the absolute temperature) of the black body itself.

Atmospheric window: electromagnetic waves are less reflected, absorbed and scattered by the atmosphere, while those bands of high transmission are called atmospheric windows. The spectral region in which sunlight transmits through the atmosphere with a high transmittance is generally referred to as an atmospheric window. The spectral bands of the atmospheric window are mainly: microwave band (0.3-10 GHz/0.03-1m), thermal infrared band (8-13 μm), intermediate infrared band (3.5-5.5 μm), near ultraviolet, visible light and near infrared band (0.3-1.3 μm, 1.5-1.9 μm).

In this embodiment, a thermoelectric generator is provided, fig. 1 is according to the utility model discloses thermoelectric generator schematic structure, as shown in fig. 1, this thermoelectric generator includes: a heating module, a refrigerating module and a semiconductor thermoelectric generation module 13, wherein,

the heating module comprises a light-focusing heat collector 11 and a first heat conductor 12; the light-concentrating heat collector 11 includes a convex lens; the convex lens is arranged above the first heat conductor 12 and is used for collecting solar energy and converging the solar energy to the first heat conductor 12;

the refrigeration module comprises a radiant refrigeration unit 14 and a second heat conductor 15; the radiation refrigeration unit 14 is in contact with the second heat conductor 15, and the radiation refrigeration unit 14 is used for radiating heat of the second heat conductor 15 out in the form of infrared rays positioned in an atmosphere transmission window wave band;

the first heat conductor 12 forms heat exchange with the second heat conductor 15 through the semiconductor thermoelectric generation module 13.

In this way, the heating module collects solar energy through the convex lens and converges to the first heat conductor 12, thereby improving the temperature in the first heat conductor, the radiation refrigeration unit 14 radiates the heat of the second heat conductor 15 out through the infrared ray form located in the atmospheric transmission window wave band, thereby reducing the temperature in the second conductor, the first heat conductor 12 forms heat exchange with the second heat conductor 15 through the semiconductor thermoelectric generation module 13, the temperature difference between the first heat conductor 12 and the second heat conductor 15 is converted into electric energy through the semiconductor thermoelectric generation module 13, in addition, the heating module collects solar energy through the convex lens, the volume of the heating module can be reduced while the solar energy collection function is realized, thereby reducing the volume of the thermoelectric generator.

In one embodiment, the thermoelectric generator further includes a carbon nanoparticle film attached to the upper surface of the first heat conductor 12.

In one embodiment, the semiconductor thermoelectric generation module 13 further includes: the thermoelectric power generation device comprises a first conductor connecting sheet 16 and a second conductor connecting sheet 17, wherein the first conductor connecting sheet 16 is connected to the joint of the semiconductor thermoelectric power generation module 13 and the first heat conductor 12, and the second conductor connecting sheet 17 is connected to the joint of the semiconductor thermoelectric power generation module 13 and the second heat conductor 14.

In one embodiment, the thermoelectric generator further includes an energy storage module 21, fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the energy storage module of the thermoelectric generator according to the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, the energy storage module 21 is electrically connected to the first conductor connecting piece 16 and the second conductor connecting piece 17 respectively, and by the above method, the electric energy generated by the semiconductor thermoelectric generation module 13 can be stored.

In one of them embodiment, thermoelectric generator still includes contravariant module 31, fig. 3 is according to the utility model discloses a thermoelectric generator's contravariant module structure sketch map, as shown in fig. 3, contravariant module 31 and first electric conductor connection piece 16 and second electric conductor connection piece 17 electric connection respectively, contravariant module 31 is connected with energy storage module 21, can turn into the alternating current with the direct current that produces through contravariant module 31, be connected with energy storage module 21 through contravariant module 31, can get up the alternating current storage that obtains after the transformation through contravariant module 31.

In one of them embodiment, thermoelectric generator still includes voltage stabilizing module 41, fig. 4 is according to the utility model discloses a thermoelectric generator's voltage stabilizing module structure sketch map, as shown in fig. 4, voltage stabilizing module establishes ties between semiconductor thermoelectric generation module and energy storage module, perhaps voltage stabilizing module establishes ties between semiconductor thermoelectric generation module and contravariant module, voltage stabilizing module 41 controls the electric energy that thermoelectric generation module 13 produced, through the aforesaid, can be with control and the electric energy that produces of outputting thermoelectric generation module 13 steadily, and the electric energy that will produce is saved in energy storage module, in addition, can be with the current input contravariant module of voltage stabilizing module 41 output, the current input memory of contravariant module output again, stable output alternating current has been realized and the alternating current of will exporting is saved.

In one embodiment, the semiconductor thermoelectric generation module is a P-type semiconductor, an N-type semiconductor or a PN junction, and the semiconductor thermoelectric generation module may be composed of one or more groups of P-type semiconductors, N-type semiconductors and PN junctions.

In one embodiment, a radiant cooling unit comprises: a radiation refrigerating film or a radiation refrigerating coating.

In one embodiment, the radiation refrigeration film comprises a silicon dioxide layer, a polytetrafluoroethylene layer and a silver coating layer, wherein the polytetrafluoroethylene layer is attached to the upper surface of the silicon dioxide layer, the silver coating layer is attached to the lower surface of the silicon dioxide layer, the thickness of the silicon dioxide layer is 450-550 um, the thickness of the polytetrafluoroethylene layer is 90-110 um, and the thickness of the silver coating layer is 110-130 um.

In one embodiment, the radiation-cooled film includes a polymeric material emissive layer and a metallic reflective layer.

In one embodiment, the radiation refrigeration coating can reflect sunlight and radiate heat in an infrared mode in an atmosphere transmission window waveband, the reflectivity of the radiation refrigeration coating to the sunlight waveband of 0.3-2.5 microns is larger than or equal to 85%, and the emissivity of the radiation refrigeration coating to the atmosphere transmission window waveband of 8-13 microns is larger than or equal to 90%.

In one embodiment thereof, the carbon nanoparticle thin film includes: carbon nanoparticles and paper, wherein the weight ratio of the carbon nanoparticles to the paper is 1: (5-9), the particle size of the carbon nanoparticles is between 20-500 nm, and the precipitation concentration of the carbon nanoparticles on paper is 7-9 g per square meter.

In one embodiment, the weight ratio of carbon nanoparticles to paper is 1: 5 or the weight ratio of the carbon nanoparticles to the paper is 1: and 9, the particle size of the carbon nanoparticles is between 20 and 500nm, the precipitation concentration of the carbon nanoparticles on paper is 7 to 9g per square meter, and the weight ratio of the carbon nanoparticles to the paper is found to be 1: the weight ratio of 5 to carbon nanoparticles to paper is 1: 9, both the absorption rate of sunlight and the efficiency of the heating module to convert solar energy into heat energy can be improved, and there is little difference in the degree of improving the solar absorption rate.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a thermoelectric generator according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 5, the thermoelectric generator includes: the heating module comprises a light-condensing heat collector 51 and a heat-conducting metal frame 52, a radiation refrigerating unit 54, a semiconductor thermoelectric generation module 53, a controller 55, a storage battery 56 and an inverter 57.

The front side of the light-focusing heat collector 51 is incident with sunlight, the back side of the light-focusing heat collector 51 is used for collecting solar energy, the back side of the light-focusing heat collector 51 is connected with a heat-conducting metal frame 52, the heat-conducting metal frame 52 is used for collecting heat energy generated by the light-focusing heat collector, the heat-conducting metal frame 52 is connected with a radiation refrigerating unit 54 through a semiconductor temperature difference power generation module 53, and the semiconductor temperature difference power generation module 53 generates electric energy based on the temperature difference between a heating module and the radiation refrigerating unit.

The two ends of the controller 55 are respectively connected with the heat conducting metal frame 52 and the radiation refrigeration unit 54, and the controller is used for controlling the electric energy generated by the thermoelectric generation module to charge the storage battery; the positive and negative poles of the storage battery 56 are respectively connected with the controller 55 and used for storing the electric energy generated by the semiconductor difference power generation module 53; the inverter 57 is connected to the controller 55 for converting the direct current into the alternating current.

In one embodiment, a carbon nanoparticle film (not shown) is attached to the surface of the concentrating collector 51, and the carbon nanoparticle film includes: carbon nanoparticles and paper, wherein the weight ratio of the carbon nanoparticles to the paper is 1: 7, the particle diameter of carbon nanoparticle is 20 ~ 500nm, and the concentration of carbon nanoparticle deposit on paper is 7 ~ 9g per square meter, because carbon nanoparticle film has the carbon nanoparticle of coarse micro-surface and different particle diameters, can realize the high-efficient absorption of visible light and near infrared light, and the absorptivity can reach 98%, produces the heat simultaneously on carbon nanoparticle film, and carbon nanoparticle film transmits the heat that produces to spotlight heat collector 51.

In one of them embodiment, this spotlight heat collector 51 is convex lens 61, convex lens 61 mainly plays the convergence to light, fig. 6 is according to the utility model discloses preferred embodiment's spotlight heat collector structure schematic diagram, as shown in fig. 6, convex lens 61 is made by the thin printing opacity material in middle thick edge, the light that will be on a parallel with the primary optical axis jets into convex lens 61, light is after two refractions at the two sides of lens, concentrate on epaxial a little F, through the aforesaid, the spotlight heat collector passes through convex lens and collects solar energy, can reduce the volume of spotlight heat collector when realizing collecting the solar energy function, thereby can reduce thermoelectric generator's volume.

In one embodiment, radiation cooling unit 54 is made of a metamaterial for cooling by radiation, based on Stefan-Boltzmann law:

E＝σ∈T⁴

it can be known that any object has heat radiation characteristic, and the radiation power is proportional to the fourth power of the temperature, so that any object on the ground can perform radiation heat exchange with outer space (the temperature is close to absolute zero, 7K), and the radiation energy is large. Gases such as water vapor, carbon dioxide, ozone and the like exist in the atmosphere, so that the radiation heat exchange between a ground object and the outer space is blocked, but the transmittance of the atmosphere to infrared radiation is high in a wave band of 8-13 mu m, so that the wave band is called as an atmospheric window, and the atmospheric window is a channel for performing radiation heat exchange between the ground and the outer space. Therefore, radiation refrigeration refers to a passive refrigeration technology for refrigerating and cooling ground objects by performing radiation heat exchange with outer space through an atmospheric window. In order to fully utilize the characteristics, the radiation refrigeration metamaterial continuously and efficiently transfers heat to an outer space cold source through the high infrared emission capability of an 'atmospheric window' waveband, and simultaneously, the high reflection capability of the radiation refrigeration metamaterial for the solar energy is utilized to reduce the solar heat absorption to the minimum, so that the obvious cooling effect is achieved, the whole process does not need energy consumption, the refrigeration can be quickly realized, and the cooling effect is obvious.

In one embodiment, the thickness of the radiation refrigeration unit 54 is 600.12 μm, the radiation refrigeration unit 54 is made of a radiation refrigeration metamaterial, the radiation refrigeration metamaterial comprises a silicon dioxide layer with the thickness of 500 μm, the upper surface of the silicon dioxide layer is a polytetrafluoroethylene layer with the thickness of 100 μm, and the lower surface of the silicon dioxide layer is a silver-plated layer with the thickness of 120 nm;

light can be classified into visible light, near infrared, far infrared, ultraviolet, and the like according to the wavelength. According to kirchhoff's law, emissivity is equal to absorptivity, polytetrafluoroethylene is used as a selective emitter, and absorptivity to sunlight is very low, so sunlight can not obviously influence the temperature of a polytetrafluoroethylene layer, but emissivity in a wave band (far infrared) of 8-13 mu m is higher, so that the polytetrafluoroethylene can perform radiant heat exchange with outer space, and therefore the temperature of the polytetrafluoroethylene reaches very low and transfers heat downwards in a heat conduction mode, silver has very high reflectivity, and sunlight is reflected by a silver layer after passing through the polytetrafluoroethylene. In this way, the refrigeration efficiency of the radiation refrigeration unit 54 is improved and the production cost is reduced.

In one embodiment, the semiconductor thermoelectric generation module 53 is a thermoelectric conversion device based on the Seebeck effect (Seebeck effect) and made of a bismuth telluride material, and includes: semiconductor thermoelectric device 71 and copper connection piece 72, fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a semiconductor thermoelectric power generation module according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 7, the semiconductor thermoelectric device 71 at least comprises a set of: PN type semiconductors are formed by connecting the PN type semiconductors in series, the copper connecting sheet is used for connecting PN junctions, the non-connecting end of each group of PN type semiconductors is contacted with the radiation refrigeration unit 54, and the connecting end of each group of PN type semiconductors is contacted with the heat conducting metal frame 52. In this way, the temperature difference between the concentrating collector 51 and the radiation refrigerating unit 54 can be obtained in real time, and current and voltage are generated in the loop.

In one embodiment, the light-focusing heat collector 51 and the radiation refrigeration unit 54 can be operated under the sunlight at the same time, the light-focusing heat collector 51 is used for absorbing the solar energy, the radiation refrigeration unit 54 can rapidly realize refrigeration, and the two types of refrigeration are not in conflict, so that the temperature difference between the radiation refrigeration unit 54 and the light-focusing heat collector 51 can be improved to the maximum extent, and the efficiency of thermoelectric power generation is improved.

The technical features of the above embodiments can be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are not described, but should be considered as the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.

The above examples only represent some embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the spirit of the present invention, several variations and modifications can be made, which are within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. A thermoelectric generator, comprising: a heating module, a refrigerating module and a semiconductor temperature difference power generation module, wherein,

the heating module comprises a light-gathering heat collector and a first heat conductor; the light-focusing heat collector comprises a convex lens; the convex lens is arranged above the first heat conductor and is used for collecting solar energy and converging the solar energy to the first heat conductor;

the refrigeration module comprises a radiation refrigeration unit and a second heat conductor; the radiation refrigeration unit is in contact with the second heat conductor and is used for radiating heat of the second heat conductor out in an infrared mode in an atmosphere transmission window waveband;

the first heat conductor forms heat exchange with the second heat conductor through the semiconductor thermoelectric power generation module.

2. The thermoelectric generator of claim 1, further comprising a carbon nanoparticle film attached to an upper surface of the first heat conductor.

3. The thermoelectric generator of claim 1, wherein the semiconductor thermoelectric generation module further comprises: the semiconductor thermoelectric generation module comprises a first conductor connecting sheet and a second conductor connecting sheet, wherein the first conductor connecting sheet is connected to the joint of the semiconductor thermoelectric generation module and the first heat conductor, and the second conductor connecting sheet is connected to the joint of the semiconductor thermoelectric generation module and the second heat conductor.

4. The thermoelectric generator of claim 3, further comprising an energy storage module electrically connected to the first and second conductor tabs, respectively.

5. The thermoelectric generator of claim 3, further comprising an inverter module electrically connected to the first and second conductor tabs, respectively.

6. The thermoelectric generator according to claim 4 or 5, further comprising a voltage stabilizing module connected in series between the semiconductor thermoelectric generation module and the energy storage module, or connected in series between the semiconductor thermoelectric generation module and the inverter module.

7. The thermoelectric generator of claim 1, wherein the semiconductor thermoelectric generation module is a P-type semiconductor, an N-type semiconductor, or a PN junction.

8. The thermoelectric generator of claim 1, wherein the radiant cooling unit comprises: a radiation refrigerating film or a radiation refrigerating coating.

9. The thermoelectric generator of claim 8, wherein the reflectivity of the radiation refrigeration film or the radiation refrigeration coating is greater than or equal to 85% for a 0.3-2.5 μm solar band and greater than or equal to 90% for an 8-13 μm atmospheric window band.

10. The thermoelectric generator of claim 2, wherein the carbon nanoparticle thin film comprises: carbon nanoparticles and paper, wherein the weight ratio of the carbon nanoparticles to the paper is 1: (5-9), wherein the particle size of the carbon nanoparticles is between 20-500 nm, and the precipitation concentration of the carbon nanoparticles on paper is 7-9 g per square meter.

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