CN214253884U - Driving mechanism for adjusting height of nuclear reactor control rod - Google Patents
Driving mechanism for adjusting height of nuclear reactor control rod Download PDFInfo
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- CN214253884U CN214253884U CN202120293984.2U CN202120293984U CN214253884U CN 214253884 U CN214253884 U CN 214253884U CN 202120293984 U CN202120293984 U CN 202120293984U CN 214253884 U CN214253884 U CN 214253884U
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- nuclear reactor
- pulley
- armature
- control rod
- servo motor
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
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Abstract
A drive mechanism for adjusting the height of a nuclear reactor control rod, comprising: a servo motor is fixed on the left side of the base, and an output shaft on the right part of the servo motor is connected with a screw rod of the ball screw pair; a screw rod of the ball screw pair is arranged on the base through a bearing seat, and an electromagnetic suction mechanism is fixedly arranged at the top of a nut of the ball screw pair; pillars are arranged at two ends of the base, and rollers at the bottom of the pulley are matched with rail grooves on the tops of the pillars; the right end of the rail groove is provided with an anti-collision block; the bottom of the rail groove is provided with a strip-shaped through hole; a suspender at the bottom of the pulley penetrates out of the through hole to be connected with the armature; the armature is positioned on the right side of the electromagnetic attraction mechanism, the right end of the armature is connected with the steel rope, and the tail end of the steel rope penetrates through the pillar on the right side and is connected with the control rod by bypassing the fixed pulley. The driving mechanism can control and regulate the output power of the nuclear reactor with high precision and low time lag; the structure is simple, the processing and assembling precision is low, and the reliability is high; the operation efficiency of the nuclear reactor is improved, and the operation safety of the nuclear reactor is ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to an adjust actuating mechanism of nuclear reactor control rod.
Background
A nuclear reactor is a device capable of continuously performing a controlled nuclear fission chain reaction. By varying the number of neutrons in the reactor, the severity of the nuclear reaction and thus the reactor power can be varied. The control rods are made of a material that strongly absorbs neutrons. It is disposed within the core and interspersed among the fuel assemblies. The absorption quantity and speed of the neutron can be changed by lifting and inserting the control rod, and the reactor reaction speed is effectively controlled: when the reactor has strong reaction, the control rod is inserted deeper, so that absorbed neutrons are increased, the chain reaction is slowed down, and the reactor power is reduced; when the control rod is completely inserted, the fission chain reaction can be prevented from proceeding, and the reactor is stopped; conversely, the control rod is lifted upwards, the reaction speed is increased, and the reactor power is increased. In a word, the driving mechanism for adjusting the height of the control rod of the nuclear reactor is an actuating mechanism of a control system and a protection system of the nuclear reactor, and the driving mechanism can accurately lift, insert, hold and rapidly drop the control rod to complete the starting, power adjustment, power maintenance, normal shutdown and emergency shutdown of the reactor; the method is accurate, stable and reliable, and directly influences the accurate matching of the output power of the reactor and the safe operation.
The existing driving mechanism for adjusting the height of a control rod of a nuclear reactor mainly comprises a magnetic lifting type control rod driving mechanism, and mainly comprises the following components: the lower end of the transmission shaft is connected with a control rod, three lifting, transferring and maintaining electromagnetic coils and three armatures are axially distributed on the transmission shaft, the transferring hook claw and the maintaining hook claw are respectively connected with the transferring armatures and the maintaining armatures, and the transferring hook claw and the maintaining hook claw are matched with grooves on the transmission shaft.
The working process is as follows:
keeping the state, electrifying the coil, keeping the armature to drive the keeping claw to extend into the groove, and keeping the transmission shaft at a fixed position; the lifting and transfer coil is powered off, and the transfer claw is loosened.
Lifting, electrifying the transmission electromagnetic coil, extending the transmission claw into the groove and embracing the transmission shaft; keeping the electromagnetic coil powered off and the claw loosened; the lifting coil is electrified, and the lifting armature attracts the transfer armature to rise to drive the transfer hook claw and the transmission shaft to lift upwards by a step (about 10 mm); completing one lifting action; then the coil is kept electrified, and the holding claw extends into the groove to keep the transmission shaft at a fixed position; and the lifting and transfer coil is powered off, the transfer hook falls back to the initial position along with the transfer armature, and the control rod restores the holding state.
Descending, electrifying a lifting electromagnetic coil, attracting a transfer armature by the lifting armature to drive a transfer claw to ascend by a step (about 10mm), electrifying the transfer electromagnetic coil, and extending the transfer claw into a groove of a transmission shaft to hold the transmission shaft; immediately keeping the electromagnetic coil powered off and keeping the claw loosened; then, the lifting electromagnetic coil is powered off, the lifting armature does not have suction force to the transmission armature any more, and the transmission armature, the transmission claw and the transmission shaft held by the transmission armature descend by one step (about 10mm) under the action of gravity to finish one descending action; then the coil is kept electrified, and the holding claw extends into the groove to keep the transmission shaft at a fixed position; and the power of the transmission coil is cut off, the transmission claw is loosened, and the control rod is restored to the holding state.
Emergency shutdown, keeping, transmitting and lifting the three electromagnetic coils to be powered off at the same time, and keeping the hook claw and the transmitting hook claw to be loosened; the transmission shaft and the control rod rapidly fall to the lowest position under the action of gravity to absorb all neutrons in the nuclear reactor so as to prevent the fission chain reaction from proceeding, thereby realizing emergency shutdown.
The magnetic lifting control rod driving mechanism has the following defects: 1. each action requires three groups of electromagnetic coils, armatures and two groups of hooks to be precisely matched in space and time and switched continuously; the control method is complicated and difficult, the structure is complex, and the requirements on the machining and assembling precision of the accessories are very high. 2. Each lifting and descending is step-by-step adjustment of one step (10mm), the adjustment precision is low, and the accurate adjustment of the nuclear reactor power cannot be met. 3. The lifting time and the descending time of each time are determined by the attraction lifting time of the armature and the action time of the hook claw, and are almost unadjustable, the action time is fixed, the action time is difficult to be lower than 2s, the time lag is long, and the timely adjustment is difficult to be made according to the actual condition of the nuclear reactor. 4. The transmission shaft and the control rod do impact type step motion, and the groove grooves on the claw mechanism and the transmission shaft are abraded greatly and have poor reliability. The hook claw and the groove are abraded or foreign matters enter, the hook claw can not effectively act, and even when emergency shutdown is caused, a control rod cannot rapidly drop, the emergency shutdown is caused, and serious potential safety hazards exist. 5. When the driving mechanism operates, the electromagnetic coil is repeatedly electrified to generate resistance heat, meanwhile, the whole driving mechanism is close to the nuclear reactor, the heat radiation of a loop of high-temperature water of the nuclear reactor further increases the temperature rise of the electromagnetic coil, the insulating property of the electromagnetic coil is poor, and the driving mechanism is poor in reliability and short in service life.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims at providing a driving mechanism for adjusting the height of a nuclear reactor control rod, which can control and adjust the output power of a nuclear reactor with high precision and low time lag; the emergency shutdown of accidents can be reliably realized, and the emergency shutdown device is simple in structure, low in machining and assembling precision and high in reliability; the operation efficiency of the nuclear reactor is improved, and the operation safety of the nuclear reactor is ensured.
The utility model discloses realize that the technical scheme that its purpose adopted is, a drive mechanism of adjusting nuclear reactor control rod height, its characterized in that:
a servo motor is fixed on the left side of the base, and an output shaft on the right part of the servo motor is connected with a screw rod of the ball screw pair; a screw rod of the ball screw pair is arranged on the base through a bearing seat, and an electromagnetic suction mechanism is fixedly arranged at the top of a nut of the ball screw pair;
pillars are arranged at two ends of the base, a rail groove is connected between the tops of the pillars at two sides, and the roller at the bottom of the pulley is matched with the rail groove; the right end part of the rail groove is provided with an anti-collision block; a positioning rod is arranged at the right part of the pulley, a positioning hole matched with the positioning rod is arranged on the anti-collision block, and a rubber layer is fixed on the left side surface of the anti-collision block or the anti-collision block is integrally made of rubber materials;
the bottom of the rail groove is provided with a strip-shaped through hole with the width smaller than that of the pulley roller; the bottom of the pulley is provided with a suspender, and the end part of the suspender, which penetrates out of the strip-shaped through hole downwards, is connected with the armature; the armature is positioned on the right side of the electromagnetic attraction mechanism, the right end of the armature is connected with the head end of the steel rope, and the tail end of the steel rope passes through the pillar on the right side and then bypasses the fixed pulley to be connected with a control rod of the nuclear reactor; the servo motor and the electromagnetic attraction mechanism are electrically connected with a control and detection device of the nuclear reactor.
The utility model discloses a working process and principle are:
initially, the control and detection device controls the electromagnetic attraction mechanism to be electrified, and the armature iron at the head end of the steel rope is attracted and fixed on the right side of the electromagnetic attraction mechanism.
Keeping the state, and obtaining a target position of a control rod by a control and detection device according to the output power, the load, the temperature of the water in a loop, the position of the control rod and the like of the nuclear reactor measured in real time, wherein the target position of the control rod is consistent with the current position; the control and detection device outputs a holding instruction to control the servo motor to stop, so that the screw rod, the nut, the electromagnetic attraction mechanism, the armature, the pulley and the steel rope are kept still, and the control rod is kept fixed at the current position; the output power of the nuclear reactor is unchanged.
Lifting state, if the control and detection device obtains that the target position of the control rod is higher than the current position; the control and detection device outputs a lifting instruction at a corresponding speed according to the distance between the target position and the current position, the servo motor is controlled to rotate forwards at a specified speed, the servo motor drives the screw rod to rotate forwards to drive the nut, the electromagnetic attraction mechanism and the armature to move leftwards, so that the pulley is driven to move leftwards along the sliding groove, and the traction steel rope carries out lifting movement at a specified speed so that the control rod is lifted to the target position at the specified speed; completing the lifting action; the output power of the nuclear reactor is rapidly adjusted and increased to a target value, and the lifting state is ended.
Descending state, if the control and detection device obtains that the target position of the control rod is lower than the current position; the control and detection device outputs a descending instruction of a corresponding speed according to the distance between the target position and the current position, controls the servo motor to reversely rotate at a specified speed, drives the screw rod to reversely rotate, drives the nut, the electromagnetic attraction mechanism and the armature iron to move rightwards, further drives the pulley to slide rightwards along the sliding groove, and pulls the steel rope to descend at a specified speed so that the control rod descends to the target position at a specified speed; finishing the descending action; the output power of the nuclear reactor is rapidly adjusted and reduced to a target value, and the descent state is completed.
Emergency shutdown, wherein the control and detection device judges that the nuclear reactor has a fault according to the detected signal, needs emergency shutdown, immediately sends a shutdown instruction, controls the electromagnetic attraction mechanism to be powered off, and even when the electromagnetic attraction mechanism is powered off (at the moment, the control and detection device cannot work) due to accidents such as earthquake and the like, the electromagnetic attraction mechanism is powered off; the armature iron connected with the pulley is separated from the electromagnetic attraction mechanism; the tackle quickly slides to the anti-collision block at the rightmost end under the action of the gravity of the control rod, the control rod falls to the deepest part of the nuclear reactor, the output power of the nuclear reactor is quickly reduced to zero, the emergency shutdown action is completed, and the nuclear reactor accident is reliably avoided.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are that:
firstly, the core actions of lifting, descending and keeping can be completed by driving a control rod by a ball screw pair only by controlling the rotating speed and the steering of a servo motor; and the moving speed of the ball screw pair nut and the rotating speed of the servo motor form a simple linear relation, and the control method is extremely simple and convenient. The transmission part is a mature and universal ball screw pair, an electromagnetic attraction mechanism and a steel rope, the structure is simple, and the requirements on the machining and assembling precision of accessories are low.
Two, the utility model discloses can be according to the different distances of current position and target position, by servo motor output different speeds just, the antiport, promote, the descending speed is nimble adjustable to the realization is less than 1 s's low time lag in time adjustment to nuclear reactor output's response time. The moving distance of the ball screw pair driven by the servo motor is stepless and continuously adjustable, the precision can reach 0.1mm, compared with the 10mm adjusting precision in the prior art, the adjusting precision is high, the high-precision adjustment of the output power of the nuclear reactor can be realized, and the operating efficiency of the nuclear reactor is obviously improved.
And rolling friction is formed between the nut of the ball screw pair and the screw, the rolling surface is smooth, the abrasion is small, and the reliability is high. The control rod is connected with the electromagnetic attraction mechanism through a steel rope, and the servo motor and the electromagnetic attraction mechanism are far away from the heat radiation of a loop of high-temperature water of the nuclear reactor, so that the heat damage of the servo motor and the electromagnetic attraction mechanism is avoided; the reliability and the service life of the driving mechanism are also improved.
Fourthly, the control and detection device controls the electromagnetic attraction mechanism to be powered off or the electromagnetic attraction mechanism is powered off due to disasters, and even if the control and detection device cannot work, the electromagnetic attraction mechanism is powered off similarly; the electromagnetic attraction mechanism is separated from the armature; the armature iron, the steel rope connected with the armature iron and the control rod are quickly dropped to the deepest part of the nuclear reactor almost at the speed of free falling body under the action of gravity, and the emergency shutdown is quickly completed; the safety of the nuclear reactor is ensured more reliably.
Fifthly, when the reactor is stopped emergently, the anti-collision block can avoid safety accidents caused by the fact that a pulley and an armature which move at a high speed fly out of the chute and impact the control rod; meanwhile, the anti-collision block with the rubber layer or the whole rubber anti-collision block can effectively absorb the impact energy of the pulley and the armature, avoid the pulley from being damaged by collision, reduce the impact damage of the impact collision to the sliding chute, the screw rod mechanism and other parts, and conveniently attract and fix the armature at the lower end of the pulley with the electromagnetic attraction mechanism again after a disaster occurs, so that the control rod driving mechanism is simply and conveniently repeatedly used. The reliability of the driving mechanism is improved, and the service life of the driving mechanism is prolonged.
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 1 (a schematic view of a structure in which a pulley engages with a rail groove or the like).
Detailed Description
Examples
Fig. 1 shows, in an embodiment of the present invention, a driving mechanism for adjusting the height of a nuclear reactor control rod, comprising:
a servo motor 3 is fixed on the left side of the base 2, and an output shaft on the right part of the servo motor 3 is connected with a screw rod 1a of a ball screw pair; a screw rod 1a of the ball screw pair is arranged on a base 2 through a bearing seat 10, and an electromagnetic suction mechanism 4 is fixedly arranged at the top of a nut 1b of the ball screw pair;
the two ends of the base 2 are also provided with pillars 2a, rail grooves 5 are connected between the tops of the pillars 2a on the two sides, and rollers 6c at the bottom of the pulley 6 are matched with the rail grooves 5; the right end part of the rail groove 5 is provided with an anti-collision block 9; a positioning rod 6a is arranged at the right part of the pulley 6, a positioning hole matched with the positioning rod 6a is arranged on the anti-collision block 9, and a rubber layer is fixed on the left side surface of the anti-collision block 9 or the anti-collision block 9 is integrally made of rubber materials;
the bottom of the rail groove 5 is provided with a strip-shaped through hole with the width smaller than that of the roller 6c of the pulley 6; the bottom of the pulley 6 is provided with a suspender 6b, and the end part of the suspender 6b which downwards penetrates through the strip-shaped through hole is connected with the armature 8; the armature 8 is positioned at the right side of the electromagnetic attraction mechanism 4, the right end of the armature 8 is connected with the head end of the steel rope 7, and the tail end of the steel rope 7 passes through the pillar 2a at the right side and then is connected with a control rod of the nuclear reactor by bypassing the fixed pulley 11; the servo motor 3 and the electromagnetic suction mechanism 4 are electrically connected with a control and detection device of the nuclear reactor.
Claims (1)
1. A drive mechanism for adjusting the height of a nuclear reactor control rod, comprising:
a servo motor (3) is fixed on the left side of the base (2), and an output shaft on the right part of the servo motor (3) is connected with a screw rod (1a) of the ball screw pair; a screw rod (1a) of the ball screw pair is arranged on a base (2) through a bearing seat (10), and an electromagnetic suction mechanism (4) is fixedly arranged at the top of a nut (1b) of the ball screw pair;
the two ends of the base (2) are also provided with pillars (2a), a rail groove (5) is connected between the tops of the pillars (2a) at the two sides, and a roller (6c) at the bottom of the pulley (6) is matched with the rail groove (5); the right end part of the rail groove (5) is provided with an anti-collision block (9); a positioning rod (6a) is arranged at the right part of the pulley (6), a positioning hole matched with the positioning rod (6a) is arranged on the anti-collision block (9), and a rubber layer is fixed on the left side surface of the anti-collision block (9) or the anti-collision block (9) is integrally made of rubber materials;
the bottom of the rail groove (5) is provided with a strip-shaped through hole with the width smaller than that of the roller (6c) of the pulley (6); a suspender (6b) is arranged at the bottom of the pulley (6), and the end part of the suspender (6b) which downwards penetrates through the strip-shaped through hole is connected with the armature iron (8); the armature (8) is positioned on the right side of the electromagnetic attraction mechanism (4), the right end of the armature (8) is connected with the head end of the steel rope (7), and the tail end of the steel rope (7) passes through the strut (2a) on the right side and then bypasses the fixed pulley (11) to be connected with a control rod of the nuclear reactor;
the servo motor (3) and the electromagnetic suction mechanism (4) are electrically connected with a control and detection device of the nuclear reactor.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202120293984.2U CN214253884U (en) | 2021-02-02 | 2021-02-02 | Driving mechanism for adjusting height of nuclear reactor control rod |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202120293984.2U CN214253884U (en) | 2021-02-02 | 2021-02-02 | Driving mechanism for adjusting height of nuclear reactor control rod |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN214253884U true CN214253884U (en) | 2021-09-21 |
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ID=77795734
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202120293984.2U Active CN214253884U (en) | 2021-02-02 | 2021-02-02 | Driving mechanism for adjusting height of nuclear reactor control rod |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN214253884U (en) |
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2021
- 2021-02-02 CN CN202120293984.2U patent/CN214253884U/en active Active
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