CN214247424U - Sealing structure based on circumferential relative speed - Google Patents
Sealing structure based on circumferential relative speed Download PDFInfo
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- CN214247424U CN214247424U CN202022578935.1U CN202022578935U CN214247424U CN 214247424 U CN214247424 U CN 214247424U CN 202022578935 U CN202022578935 U CN 202022578935U CN 214247424 U CN214247424 U CN 214247424U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a seal structure based on circumference relative velocity, including the head: the seal head is annular, and the inner circumferential surface of the seal head is provided with a convex annular seal tooth; sealing a body: the sealing body be the annular, the outer peripheral face of sealing body on be formed with recessed annular seal groove, head, sealing body when cooperating, the coaxial cover of head establish the outside of sealing body, the seal tooth of head insert the seal groove of sealing body in, seal structure still include the leaf type subassembly, the leaf type subassembly including set up head a side end face on a plurality of first concave surfaces, set up and be in sealing body seal inslot a plurality of blades in at least one, the blade surface of blade towards one side. The utility model discloses the leaf profile structure that the kinetic energy that utilizes the working medium to do the circumferential motion designed reduces or blocks the flow that flows through the seal structure working medium, lets out leakage quantity, and its working medium circumferential motion speed is higher, and available circumferential kinetic energy is higher, and the leakproofness is better.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the steam turbine field, concretely relates to seal structure based on circumference relative velocity.
Background
During normal operation of the steam turbine, due to the fact that a certain radial gap exists between the main shaft inside the steam turbine and the cylinder when the main shaft penetrates through the cylinder, and the steam pressure difference is added, the problem that interstage steam leaks from a high-pressure end to a low-pressure end exists in the gap between the main shaft and the partition plate and between the cylinder (or the partition plate sleeve) and the top of the movable blade. Further, there is also a situation of steam leakage from high pressure to low pressure at both ends of each cylinder of the steam turbine. It is because of these problems that the efficiency of the stages of the turbine is reduced.
The steam seal is an important component of a steam turbine structure, and practices prove that in the process of overhaul of the steam turbine, the steam seal tightness of the through-flow part of the steam turbine is improved by adjusting and reforming the steam seal gap, and the relative efficiency of the steam turbine can be obviously improved. In order to reduce steam leakage loss and improve the safety and the economical efficiency of a unit, a plurality of novel steam seals are developed in the last ten years. The traditional labyrinth gland is a non-contact gland, generally adopting a tooth-shaped structure, and comprising typical structures such as high and low teeth, flat teeth, oblique and flat teeth, fir-tree teeth, embedded teeth and the like. Because the labyrinth gland is simple in structure, mature in technology, safe and reliable, the labyrinth gland is still widely applied to steam turbines at present, and particularly in large steam turbines, the labyrinth gland is still the main sealing form.
In order to solve the possible problems of the traditional labyrinth gland seal, and ensure the operation safety of a unit and improve the unit efficiency, researches on novel gland seal structures, materials, processes, theoretical calculation, tests and operation characteristics are developed at home and abroad, wherein the researches are more extensive such as honeycomb gland seal, brush gland seal, contact gland seal, adjustable gland seal, vortex gland seal and the like. Meanwhile, the heat tide of the traditional steam seal of the old unit is continuously improved, and certain effects on reducing heat consumption, improving vacuum, improving the quality of lubricating oil and the like are achieved. The research on novel steam seals and the success obtained in the reconstruction of old machines, and certain novel steam seals such as honeycomb steam seal brush steam seals and the like are used on new machine sets.
The function of the gland seal is to reduce the steam passing through the clearance between the dynamic and static components in the steam turbine as much as possible, bypass the through flow and flow from the area with relatively high pressure to the area with relatively low pressure. The steam flow near the steam seal inlet of the steam turbine and in the internal structure of the steam turbine is not simple axial flow, the actual flow condition is complex, certain flow speeds exist in the axial direction, the circumferential direction and the radial direction, and a vortex exists in the steam seal structure. The current steam sealing technology mainly achieves the purposes of flow resistance and axial flow speed reduction by reducing the clearance between a steam sealing sheet and a steam sealing groove and enhancing the axial vortex in the steam seal, the technology of utilizing the circumferential movement speed of steam is less, and a certain document is used for enhancing the circumferential vortex of the steam flow in the steam sealing structure.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims at providing a seal structure based on circumference relative velocity.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the technical scheme that:
a circumferential relative velocity based seal structure comprising:
sealing the head: the seal head is annular, and the inner circumferential surface of the seal head is provided with a convex annular seal tooth;
sealing a body: the sealing body is annular, a concave annular sealing groove is formed on the peripheral surface of the sealing body,
when the end socket and the sealing body are matched, the end socket is coaxially sleeved outside the sealing body, the sealing teeth of the end socket are inserted into the sealing groove of the sealing body,
the sealing structure further comprises a blade profile assembly, the blade profile assembly comprises a plurality of first lower concave surfaces arranged on the end face on one side of the sealing head and at least one of a plurality of blades arranged in the sealing groove of the sealing body, and the blade surface of each blade faces one side.
Preferably, the sealing teeth of the sealing head and the sealing grooves of the sealing body are provided in plurality, and the sealing teeth of each sealing head are inserted into the sealing grooves of one sealing body.
Preferably, the blade type assembly further comprises a plurality of second lower concave surfaces arranged on the side surface of one side of the seal head seal tooth.
Further preferably, a plurality of second lower concave surfaces are uniformly distributed on the sealing head tooth sealing side surface for a circle.
Preferably, the vanes are arranged obliquely with respect to the extending direction of the seal groove.
Preferably, a plurality of the blades are uniformly distributed on the periphery of the sealing groove of the sealing body.
Preferably, the first lower concave surfaces are uniformly distributed on the sealing end surface for one circle.
Preferably, the sealing structure is a steam seal structure, a shaft seal structure, a water seal structure and an oil seal structure. The sealing structure is suitable for a steam seal structure and a shaft seal structure in a steam turbine, a specific blade type assembly is designed according to the local structures and steam parameters of the steam seal structure and the shaft seal structure, the blade type assembly is arranged in the windward direction of the end face of a sealing head or a sealing groove of a sealing body, and the steam leakage flow of the steam seal structure and the shaft seal structure can be reduced or blocked after installation, so that the sealing performance of the steam seal structure and the shaft seal structure is greatly improved, and the efficiency of the steam turbine is improved; the sealing structure is also suitable for similar sealing structures which can utilize the circumferential movement of media, such as a water sealing structure of a water pump, an oil sealing structure of an oil gear and the like.
Further preferably, the steam seal structure is a blade top steam seal, a gap bridge steam seal or a clapboard steam seal.
Because of the application of the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following advantages:
the utility model discloses the leaf profile structure that the kinetic energy that utilizes the working medium to do the circumferential motion designed reduces or blocks the flow that flows through the seal structure working medium, lets out leakage quantity, and its working medium circumferential motion speed is higher, and available circumferential kinetic energy is higher, and the leakproofness is better.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a prior art tip gland seal;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the first embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the second embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a package according to a second embodiment;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the third embodiment;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of three seal heads of the embodiment.
Wherein: 1. sealing the end; 10. sealing the teeth; 100. a second lower concave surface; 11. a first lower concave surface; 2. sealing the body; 20. sealing the groove; 21. A blade.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplification of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
The embodiment takes a simplified blade top steam seal as an example, and comprises a seal head 1 and a seal body 2. Wherein:
as shown in fig. 1: the end socket 1 and the sealing body 2 are annular, the inner circumferential surface of the end socket 1 is provided with a convex annular seal tooth 10, the outer circumferential surface of the sealing body 2 is provided with a concave annular seal groove 20, when the end socket 1 and the sealing body 2 are matched, the end socket 1 is coaxially sleeved on the outer side of the sealing body 2, the seal teeth 10 of the end socket 1 and the seal grooves 20 of the sealing body 2 are provided with a plurality of seal teeth 10, and the seal tooth 10 of each end socket 1 is inserted into the seal groove 20 of one sealing body 2. The seal head 1 is arranged on the inner wall of the inner cylinder and is in a static state relative to the shell of the steam turbine, and the seal body 2 is arranged on the top of the movable blade and moves anticlockwise along with the rotor.
Steam enters a steam seal body from a windward surface of a blade top steam seal and flows to a leeward surface through a narrow channel in a steam seal structure, meanwhile, in the process that the steam flows through the steam seal structure, the steam has the speed of moving along the axial direction and the speed of moving along the circumferential direction, the initial axial angular speed of the steam at the inlet of the steam seal structure is basically equivalent to the operating angular speed of a rotor, the operating angular speed of the rotor is 100 pi/s (taking a steam turbine of 3000r/min as an example), if the steam is calculated according to the average diameter 1m of the channel of the steam seal structure, the initial circumferential linear speed of the steam entering the steam seal structure is 157.1m/s, the available limit pressure of the steam moving along the circumferential direction is the stagnation pressure of the circumferential movement of the steam, and the calculation formula is as follows:
wherein:
pc,s-steam circumferential flow stagnation partial pressure, MPa;
ρ -steam density, kg/m 3;
v-the steam circumferential flow linear velocity, m/s.
The steam circumferential partial pressure calculation is shown in table 1. The circumferential speed is gradually attenuated after entering the steam seal body. As shown in table 1, the circumferential partial pressure available for the steam leaking into the seal groove 20 is substantially comparable to the pressure drop of the individual seal groove 20, and therefore, it is a prerequisite to utilize the circumferential velocity of the steam.
Table 1 for each parameter, the circumferential partial pressure of steam at 1m diameter is calculated (in MPa):
the embodiment utilizes the circumferential relative speed of steam flow, and the movable part and the static part are provided with the blade profile assembly, so that after steam flows through the blade profile assembly, certain axial reverse flow capacity is obtained, the steam is fused with the steam in the main flow direction, and the flow of the main flow steam is reduced.
Example one (windward):
as shown in fig. 2: the blade profile subassembly is including setting up a plurality of first concave surfaces 11 of blade shape on head 1 windward side terminal surface, and a plurality of first concave surfaces 11 equipartition head 1 terminal surface a week. The first lower concave surfaces 11 are uniformly arranged in the circumferential speed direction on the windward side of the steam seal structure, and the steam circumferential speed is utilized to change the flow direction of the steam leaving the first lower concave surfaces 11 and reduce the steam flow in the main flow direction.
Example two (active groove closing vane):
as shown in fig. 3 and 4: the blade profile subassembly includes a plurality of blades 21 that set up in the groove 20 of the sealing of the body 2, and the blade surface of blade 21 is towards the windward side, and the relative extending direction slope setting of groove 20 of the relative sealing of blade 21, a plurality of blades 21 equipartition sealing of a week of groove 20 of the body 2. In the embodiment, the rotating shaft rotates to drive the blades 21 to move along with the sealing body 2 in the circumferential direction, so that the steam at the outlet between the blades 21 obtains a speed of reverse flow to counteract the steam flow in the main flow direction in part of the steam sealing structure. According to local steam parameters (or working medium parameters), parameters such as the blade type, the number and the equivalent diameter of the blades 21 in the movable blade top sealing groove 20 can be controlled to obtain relatively matched structural parameters.
Example three (concave surface of passive head):
as shown in fig. 5 and 6: the blade-shaped component comprises a plurality of blade-shaped first lower concave surfaces 11 arranged on the end face of one side of the windward side of the seal head 1 and a plurality of second lower concave surfaces 100 arranged on the side face of the windward side of the seal teeth 10 of the seal head 1, the first lower concave surfaces 11 are uniformly distributed on the end face of the seal head 1 for a circle, and the second lower concave surfaces 100 are uniformly distributed on the side face of the seal teeth 10 of the seal head 1 for a circle. In the embodiment, the seal head 1 is utilized, and the circumferential flow speed of steam entering the steam seal structure is utilized, so that the flow direction and the flow speed are changed when the steam flows through the seal head 1 with the leaf-shaped concave surface in the circumferential direction, the steam flow in the main flow direction in a part of the steam seal structure is offset, and the steam flow flowing through the steam seal structure is passively reduced.
The blade top steam seal, the partition plate steam seal, the gap bridge steam seal, the shaft seal structure and the like can be provided with unique blade type components according to the axial speed, the circumferential speed, the local pressure and the local temperature of the flowing of specific steam, and the flow of the steam flowing through the steam seal body is reduced or blocked by utilizing the circumferential speed of the steam flowing through the steam seal structure and the rotation of the seal groove, so that the circumferential speed of the steam in the steam seal structure is fully utilized, and the loss of mechanical energy is reduced.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical concept and features of the present invention, and the purpose of the embodiments is to enable people skilled in the art to understand the contents of the present invention and to implement the present invention, which cannot limit the protection scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A circumferential relative velocity based seal structure comprising:
sealing the head: the seal head is annular, and the inner circumferential surface of the seal head is provided with a convex annular seal tooth;
sealing a body: the sealing body is annular, a concave annular sealing groove is formed on the peripheral surface of the sealing body,
when the end socket and the sealing body are matched, the end socket is coaxially sleeved outside the sealing body, the sealing teeth of the end socket are inserted into the sealing groove of the sealing body,
the method is characterized in that: the sealing structure further comprises a blade profile assembly, the blade profile assembly comprises a plurality of first lower concave surfaces arranged on the end face on one side of the sealing head and at least one of a plurality of blades arranged in the sealing groove of the sealing body, and the blade surface of each blade faces one side.
2. The circumferential relative velocity based seal structure of claim 1, wherein: the seal teeth of the seal head and the seal grooves of the seal body are provided with a plurality of seal teeth, and each seal tooth of the seal head is inserted into one seal groove of the seal body.
3. A circumferential relative velocity based seal structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the blade type assembly further comprises a plurality of second lower concave surfaces arranged on the side face of one side of the seal head seal tooth.
4. A circumferential relative velocity based seal structure according to claim 3, wherein: the second lower concave surfaces are uniformly distributed on the sealing head sealing tooth side surface for a circle.
5. A circumferential relative velocity based seal structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the blades are uniformly distributed in the sealing body for one circle of the sealing groove.
6. The circumferential relative velocity based seal structure of claim 1, wherein: the blades are obliquely arranged relative to the extending direction of the seal groove.
7. The circumferential relative velocity based seal structure of claim 1, wherein: the first lower concave surfaces are uniformly distributed on the end face of the sealing head for a circle.
8. The circumferential relative velocity based seal structure of claim 1, wherein: the sealing structure is a steam sealing structure, a shaft sealing structure, a water sealing structure and an oil sealing structure.
9. The circumferential relative velocity based seal structure of claim 1, wherein: the sealing structure is a steam seal structure and a shaft seal structure in the steam turbine.
10. A circumferential relative velocity based seal structure according to claim 8 or 9, wherein: the steam seal structure comprises a blade top steam seal, a gap bridge steam seal and a clapboard steam seal.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202022578935.1U CN214247424U (en) | 2020-11-10 | 2020-11-10 | Sealing structure based on circumferential relative speed |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202022578935.1U CN214247424U (en) | 2020-11-10 | 2020-11-10 | Sealing structure based on circumferential relative speed |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN214247424U true CN214247424U (en) | 2021-09-21 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202022578935.1U Active CN214247424U (en) | 2020-11-10 | 2020-11-10 | Sealing structure based on circumferential relative speed |
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- 2020-11-10 CN CN202022578935.1U patent/CN214247424U/en active Active
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