CN214244314U - Waste rubber and plastic high-efficiency pyrolysis device with heat transfer enhanced coupling grinding function - Google Patents
Waste rubber and plastic high-efficiency pyrolysis device with heat transfer enhanced coupling grinding function Download PDFInfo
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- CN214244314U CN214244314U CN202022978078.4U CN202022978078U CN214244314U CN 214244314 U CN214244314 U CN 214244314U CN 202022978078 U CN202022978078 U CN 202022978078U CN 214244314 U CN214244314 U CN 214244314U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a high-efficient pyrolysis device of waste rubber and plastic of function is milled in intensive coupling of heat transfer belongs to solid waste innoxious, resource utilization technical field. Be in including support and setting pyrolysis barrel on the support, the pyrolysis barrel is equipped with: the pyrolysis chamber is axially arranged along the pyrolysis barrel, a screw is arranged in the pyrolysis chamber, a middle shaft of the screw is a hollow shaft, the middle shaft is sequentially provided with a diameter-identical section and a diameter-variable section from a feeding hole, and the diameter of the middle shaft of the diameter-variable section is gradually increased; the end part of the screw rod of the reducing section is provided with a reverse spiral; the feeding unit is used for feeding the waste rubber and plastic; the internal heating unit heats the cavity of the middle shaft of the screw; an external heating unit for heating from the outside of the screw; a pyrolysis gas outlet for discharging the waste rubber and plastic pyrolysis gas; and the pyrolytic carbon black outlet is used for discharging the pyrolytic carbon black. The heat transfer and pyrolysis of the waste rubber and plastic are enhanced by simultaneously heating the inside and the outside, and the pyrolysis efficiency of the waste rubber and plastic is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a solid waste innoxious, utilization technical field, specifically speaking relates to a high-efficient pyrolysis device of useless rubber and plastic of function is milled in intensive coupling of heat transfer.
Background
China in the 21 st century has become the largest worldwide rubber and plastic resource consuming nation, the rapid development of the automobile industry promotes the mass production and mass discarding of tires in China, and waste tires with extremely high recycling value become a new solid waste pollution source due to difficult degradation, which is called black pollution. In developed countries, recycling and reusing of waste tires have been carried out for many years, and governments encourage the free use of waste tires throughout the society and give support and guidance to policies such as laws, technology, economy, education, and the like, resulting in good results. With the national strategy of the national great force advancing sustainable development, the method realizes the reduction, the reutilization and the recycling of the waste resources, recycles and recycles the waste tires efficiently and reasonably, so that the waste tires become resources again to protect the ecological environment, has important significance for promoting the national economic development, and is also the best method for relieving the shortage of the rubber resources in China at present.
At present, the comprehensive utilization approaches of the waste tires mainly comprise the direct utilization of the original shapes of the waste tires, thermal decomposition, retreading of the waste tires, production of regenerated rubber and production of vulcanized rubber powder. The products of the thermal cracking of the waste tires comprise pyrolysis oil, pyrolysis gas and pyrolysis carbon black. Wherein, the pyrolysis gas part is used as pyrolysis fuel, and the surplus pyrolysis gas is guided to the waste gas combustion chamber to be combusted and then discharged. Compared with other recycling modes, the waste tire pyrolysis has the advantages of energy conservation and high resource recovery rate, more importantly, the waste tire pyrolysis has no requirement on the original tire, the adaptability is wide, the waste tire pyrolysis has the advantages of large treatment capacity, high benefit, small environmental pollution and the like, and the waste tire pyrolysis is more in line with the energy-saving and environment-friendly concept. Is considered to be one of the best ways to dispose of scrap tires today.
The existing pyrolysis technology of waste tires comprises a moving bed pyrolysis technology, a fluidized bed pyrolysis technology and a rotary continuous pyrolysis technology. The moving bed pyrolysis process belongs to a slow pyrolysis process, and can reduce secondary reaction of pyrolysis intermediate products, so that the yield of pyrolysis oil is improved; the low pressure is beneficial to reducing the carbon-containing residues attached to the pyrolytic carbon, thereby improving the possibility of reusing the pyrolytic carbon as carbon black; the pyrolysis oil has higher content of light naphtha and aromatic compounds, thereby not only improving the economy, but also being beneficial to improving the octane value of fuel oil; large scrap tires can be processed without removing steel wires and fiber cords. The defects are that the heat supply mode of the pyrolysis furnace is external heating type, the heat transfer efficiency is low, and the whole system can not work at full load. The fluidized bed pyrolysis process belongs to a fast pyrolysis process, and is characterized by high heating rate, rapid reaction and short gas phase retention time, so that the heat utilization efficiency is high, the occurrence of secondary reaction can be reduced, and the yield of pyrolysis oil is high. But the technology has extremely high requirements on raw materials, the pyrolysis raw materials are waste tire particles with the particle size of less than 5cm and without steel wires, and the products are fuel oil and pyrolysis carbon black. The rotary kiln pyrolysis process is divided into an external heating type (indirect heating) process and an internal heating type (direct contact heating), the external heating type pyrolysis process has the advantages of high pyrolysis oil yield, high heat value, good carbon black quality, high fuel gas heat value and less pollution emission compared with the internal heating type pyrolysis process. The rotary kiln pyrolysis process has the characteristics of wide adaptability to the form, shape and size of the waste material, is almost suitable for any solid waste material, has almost no requirement on the feeding size of the waste tyre, belongs to a slow pyrolysis process, and has the defects of low pyrolysis efficiency, secondary reaction of pyrolysis gas at high temperature, easy coking and huge equipment.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims at providing a high-efficient pyrolysis device of useless rubber and plastic of function is milled in heat transfer enhancement coupling adopts the spiral pyrolysis structure that has the function of milling, and useless rubber and plastic extrudees at carrying the pyrolysis in-process, mills and heats the wall friction for the pyrolysis, and has the effect of automatically cleaning, avoids the coking to transfer heat and worsens.
In order to achieve the above object, the utility model provides a high-efficient pyrolysis device of useless rubber and plastic of function of milling is reinforceed in heat transfer includes the support and sets up pyrolysis barrel on the support, pyrolysis barrel is equipped with:
the pyrolysis chamber is axially arranged along the pyrolysis barrel, a screw is arranged in the pyrolysis chamber, a middle shaft of the screw is a hollow shaft, the middle shaft is sequentially provided with a diameter-identical section and a diameter-variable section from a feeding hole, and the diameter of the middle shaft of the diameter-variable section is gradually increased; the end part of the screw rod of the reducing section is provided with a reverse spiral;
the feeding unit is used for feeding the waste rubber and plastic;
the internal heating unit heats the cavity of the middle shaft of the screw;
an external heating unit for heating from the outside of the screw;
a pyrolysis gas outlet for discharging the waste rubber and plastic pyrolysis gas;
and the pyrolytic carbon black outlet is used for discharging the pyrolytic carbon black.
In the technical scheme, the waste rubber and plastic heat transfer pyrolysis is enhanced by heating inside and outside simultaneously, so that the pyrolysis efficiency of the waste rubber and plastic is improved; according to the pyrolysis characteristics of the waste rubber and plastic, the inside and outside counter-flow arrangement can be set, so that the quality of a pyrolysis product is improved; carbon black in the pyrolysis gas is effectively separated through an end part reverse spiral structure, so that the problems of carbon deposition and blockage are avoided; through the spiral pyrolysis structure that has the function of milling, the waste rubber and plastic is carrying pyrolysis in-process extrusion, mills and heats the wall friction for the pyrolysis, and has the effect of automatically cleaning, avoids coking heat transfer to worsen.
Optionally, in an embodiment, the middle shaft is provided with a double-layer cavity, the internal heating unit includes a flue gas inlet and a flue gas outlet which are arranged at the same end of the middle shaft, the flue gas inlet is communicated with the outer-layer cavity of the middle shaft, and the flue gas outlet is communicated with the inner-layer cavity of the middle shaft; the inner layer cavity is communicated with the outer layer cavity at the other end.
Optionally, in one embodiment, the outer cavity is provided with heat transfer fins; high-temperature flue gas firstly enters the internal heating unit, is discharged after heat exchange and then enters the external heating unit; the flowing direction of the high-temperature flue gas is opposite to the moving direction of the waste rubber and plastic.
Optionally, in an embodiment, the external heating unit includes a heating cylinder disposed outside the pyrolysis cylinder, a flue gas channel is formed between the heating cylinder and the pyrolysis cylinder, one end of the heating cylinder is provided with a flue gas inlet, and the other end of the heating cylinder is provided with a flue gas outlet.
High-temperature flue gas is adopted for heating, the high-temperature flue gas firstly enters the internal heating module, is discharged after heat exchange and then enters the external heating module. In the internal heating unit, heat transfer enhancement fins are arranged, so that on one hand, the flow velocity of flue gas is improved, the heat transfer area is increased, the heat transfer is enhanced, on the other hand, the flue gas velocity field is uniform, and local hot spots are avoided. The waste rubber and plastic are heated inside and outside simultaneously by the internal heating unit and the external heating unit, so that heat transfer is greatly enhanced. Particularly, the conveying screw is arranged on the waste rubber and plastic side of the internal heating unit, which is equivalent to a rib, and the heat transfer strengthening effect on the waste rubber and plastic side with low heat transfer coefficient is obvious. High-temperature flue gas firstly enters the internal heating module and then enters the external heating unit, because the waste rubber and plastic side of the internal heating unit is provided with the conveying screw, the heat exchange area is large, the higher temperature is favorable for strengthening heat transfer, and simultaneously the flue gas after heat exchange enters the external heating unit, so that the temperature of the outer wall of the external heating module is low, and the heat dissipation loss is less.
In addition, the flowing direction of the smoke is opposite to the moving direction of the waste rubber and plastic, so that the quality of hot gas products can be improved, the temperature at the inlet of the waste rubber and plastic is low, and the temperature at the outlet of the pyrolytic carbon black is high. At the initial stage of pyrolysis of waste rubber and plastic, pyrolysis gas is separated out much, and the pyrolysis gas schizolysis degree can be avoided to lower temperature, improves and gets the oil rate, and when pyrolysis was accomplished basically, higher temperature can guarantee on the one hand that waste rubber and plastic pyrolyzed completely, and on the other hand the temperature is higher, and the ability that pyrolysis carbon black adsorbs pyrolysis gas descends, can reduce pyrolysis carbon black's oiliness.
Optionally, in an embodiment, the pyrolysis cylinder is further provided with a sealing unit, and the sealing unit includes a front pyrolysis gas sealing assembly arranged at the feed end of the pyrolysis cylinder, a rear pyrolysis gas sealing assembly arranged at the outlet end of the pyrolysis cylinder, and a flue gas sealing assembly;
the front pyrolytic gas sealing assembly adopts a graphite packing sealing structure; the back pyrolysis gas seal subassembly and the flue gas seal subassembly adopt graphite packing to combine the double containment structure that the nitrogen is sealed, including graphite packing, nitrogen gas import pipe and nitrogen chamber, whether monitoring nitrogen gas flow judges seal structure intact. During the operation of the pyrolysis device, the nitrogen pressure is kept constant, if the nitrogen flow is suddenly increased or is obviously increased compared with the initial flow, the sealing is broken, and the sealing is intact.
In order to accurately control the temperature of the pyrolysis system and monitor the operation state of the pyrolysis device, optionally, in one embodiment, a plurality of temperature measuring points, pressure measuring points and flow measuring points are arranged on the pyrolysis cylinder body, and are used for monitoring and controlling the pyrolysis temperature, the pressure of the pyrolysis chamber and the nitrogen flow.
Optionally, in one embodiment, the feeding unit includes a hopper and a feeding screw vertically disposed in the hopper, a gate valve is disposed at the bottom of the hopper, and the feeding screw is driven by a variable frequency motor to feed. The feeding screw can reduce the air quantity brought into the pyrolysis device by the feeding of the waste rubber and plastic, reduce the gap between the waste rubber and plastic and discharge the air. And the gate valve is arranged below the feeding screw, so that the maintenance is convenient.
Optionally, in an embodiment, the support is provided with a power unit for driving the screw to rotate, and the power unit includes a variable frequency motor, a speed reducer, a coupler, a thrust bearing, and a riding wheel disposed at the other end of the pyrolysis cylinder.
Optionally, in one embodiment, the length ratio of the section with the same diameter to the section with the variable diameter of the screw is 1: 1; the height of the spiral teeth at the end part of the variable-diameter section is half of the height of the spiral teeth at the same-diameter section. The section with the same diameter means that the diameter of the middle shaft of the screw in the section is unchanged, and the section with the variable diameter means that the diameter of the middle shaft of the screw is gradually increased, and the corresponding tooth height is reduced. The waste rubber and plastic particles are heated and pyrolyzed firstly in the pyrolysis process and expand after being heated, so that the waste rubber and plastic particles are more compact under the spiral rotary extrusion and are beneficial to heat conduction; meanwhile, the waste rubber and plastic particles are spirally rotated, under the action of circumferential shearing force, the particles are mutually rubbed and mixed, and the pyrolyzed part on the outer layer is easy to peel off, so that the pyrolysis inside the waste rubber and plastic particles is facilitated. The mass ratio of the pyrolytic carbon black in the general waste rubber and plastic particle pyrolysis product is 35-40%, and the volume of the pyrolytic carbon black is reduced along with the pyrolysis of the waste rubber and plastic particles, so that the diameter of the rear half section of the spiral is gradually increased, the tooth height and the tooth space are reduced, the grinding of the pyrolytic carbon black is promoted, the particle size of the pyrolytic carbon black is reduced, and the inside of the waste rubber and plastic particles can be fully heated and pyrolyzed.
In order to complete the transportation of the waste rubber and plastic in the pyrolysis device and increase the heat exchange area, the pitch of the positive spiral teeth is preferably about 1.5 times the height of the teeth, and can be gradually reduced.
Optionally, in one embodiment, the reverse spiral is positioned at the rear part of the pyrolytic carbon black outlet and consists of 3-4 teeth. Adopt spiral pyrolysis structure, accomplish the transport of waste rubber and plastic in the pyrolysis device on the one hand, on the other hand waste rubber and plastic is carrying pyrolysis in-process inflation, extrusion, and spiral advancing rubs with the heating wall, has the effect of automatically cleaning, can avoid heating the coking of wall. Pyrolysis gas discharge pyrolysis device has certain speed, sets up reverse spiral at the tip and can reduce pyrolysis gas and carry the carbon black volume, and pyrolysis gas flows around in reverse helical structure, effectively separates pyrolysis carbon black, and the pyrolysis carbon black of reverse spiral rotary conveying separation simultaneously to pyrolysis carbon black discharge port.
Optionally, in one embodiment, the support includes a platform base, a front support plate, a rear base, and a rear support plate. In order to facilitate the installation and transportation of the device, an integrated design is adopted, and the pyrolysis device and the auxiliary machine are arranged on the support, so that the integral transportation is realized through the platform base. The front supporting plate and the rear supporting plate support the pyrolysis device, and the front base and the rear base are used for installing the power unit and the pipeline.
Under higher pyrolysis efficiency, the waste rubber and plastic can be pyrolyzed fast, its dwell time in the pyrolysis device can be shortened, inverter motor's rotational speed can be adjusted to the power pack, control pyrolysis spiral rotation speed is at 3 ~ 5 revolutions per minute, the waste rubber and plastic dwell time is in 10 ~ 15min in the pyrolysis chamber, short dwell time can avoid pyrolysis oil gas to take place secondary reaction in the long-time dwell of pyrolysis chamber and generate lower heavy oil of quality and micromolecule pyrolysis gas, improve the productivity of pyrolysis oil.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses an useful part lies in:
the utility model discloses a pyrolysis device pyrolysis is efficient, and dwell time is short, and the pyrolysis product is of high quality, and equipment is compact, and investment cost is low, and has self-cleaning function, advantage such as operation cycle length.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a waste rubber-plastic high-efficiency pyrolysis device with heat transfer enhanced coupling grinding function in the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described below with reference to the following embodiments and accompanying drawings. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the described embodiments without any inventive step, are within the scope of the present invention.
Unless defined otherwise, technical or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by those of ordinary skill in the art to which the invention belongs. The use of the terms "comprising" or "including" and similar referents in the context of describing the invention as being "comprising" and the like, is to be construed to cover the listed referents or items, including but not limited to the listed referents or items, and equivalents thereof. The terms "connected" or "coupled" and the like are not restricted to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "upper", "lower", "left", "right", and the like are used merely to indicate relative positional relationships, and when the absolute position of the object being described is changed, the relative positional relationships may also be changed accordingly.
Examples
Referring to fig. 1, the waste rubber-plastic high-efficiency pyrolysis device with heat transfer enhanced coupling grinding function in the embodiment includes: support, pyrolysis barrel, power unit, feed unit, interior heating unit, outer heating unit, sealing unit, pyrolysis gas export 7 and pyrolysis carbon black export 8.
The support is used for supporting the pyrolysis device and installing auxiliary equipment and comprises a platform base 101, a front base 102, a front supporting plate 103, a rear base 104 and a rear supporting plate 105. The power unit is used for driving the screw to rotate and comprises a variable frequency motor 201, a speed reducer 202, a coupler 203, a thrust bearing 204 and a riding wheel 205. The feeding unit is used for feeding waste rubber and plastic and comprises a hopper 301, a variable frequency motor 302, a feeding screw 303, a gate valve 304 and a feeding port 305. The pyrolysis barrel is provided with a pyrolysis chamber 401 along the axial direction, a screw is arranged in the pyrolysis chamber 401, a conveying forward spiral 402 and an end reverse spiral screw 403 are arranged on the screw, and the screw comprises a diameter-identical section 404 and a diameter-variable section 405. The internal heating unit is used for heating waste rubber and plastic from the inside to promote pyrolysis, and comprises a flue gas inlet 501, a heat transfer enhancement rib 503, a flue gas outlet pipeline 505 and a flue gas outlet 506, wherein the flow direction of the flue gas is shown as 502 and 504. The external heating unit is used for heating the waste rubber and plastic from the outside to promote pyrolysis, and comprises a flue gas inlet 601, a flue gas flow channel 602 and a flue gas outlet 604, wherein the flue gas flows to the direction 603. The sealing unit is used for sealing pyrolysis gas and a flue gas cavity of the pyrolysis device and comprises a front pyrolysis gas sealing component 901, a rear pyrolysis gas sealing component and a flue gas seal, wherein the rear pyrolysis gas seal comprises a graphite packing 9021, a nitrogen pipeline 9022 and a nitrogen chamber 9023, and the flue gas seal comprises a graphite packing 9031, a nitrogen pipeline 9032 and a nitrogen chamber 9033. The pyrolysis gas outlet 7 is used for discharging waste rubber and plastic pyrolysis gas; the pyrolytic carbon black outlet 8 is used for discharging pyrolytic carbon black.
The pyrolysis device of this embodiment adopts the integrated design, and the installation and the transportation of the equipment of being convenient for arrange pyrolysis device and auxiliary engine on the support, come whole transportation through platform base 101. Front and rear support plates 103 and 105 support the pyrolysis unit, and front and rear bases 102 and 104 are used to mount power units and pipes.
Under higher pyrolysis efficiency, the waste rubber and plastic can be pyrolyzed rapidly, the residence time of the waste rubber and plastic in the pyrolysis device can be shortened, the rotating speed of the variable frequency motor can be adjusted by the power unit, the rotating speed of the pyrolysis spiral is controlled to be 3-5 r/min, and the residence time of the waste rubber and plastic in the pyrolysis chamber 401 is 10-15 min.
The feeding screw 303 is adopted in the embodiment to extrude and feed, so that the gap between the waste rubber and the plastic is reduced, air is discharged, and the air quantity brought into the pyrolysis device by the waste rubber and plastic feeding is reduced. And a gate valve 304 is arranged below the feeding screw 303, so that the maintenance is convenient.
The screw rod is provided with the forward conveying screw 402 and the reverse end screw 403, and the same-diameter section 404 and the variable-diameter section 405, so that waste rubber and plastic can be pyrolyzed while moving forward in the pyrolysis device, and the content of pyrolytic carbon black in pyrolysis gas is reduced. The forward conveying spiral 402 and the reverse conveying spiral 403 at the end part are opposite in rotating direction, and the reverse conveying spiral 403 at the end part is positioned at the rear part of the pyrolytic carbon black outlet 8 and consists of 3-4 teeth. Adopt spiral pyrolysis structure, accomplish the transport of waste rubber and plastic in the pyrolysis device on the one hand, on the other hand waste rubber and plastic is carrying pyrolysis in-process inflation, extrusion, and spiral advancing rubs with the heating wall, has the effect of automatically cleaning, can avoid heating the coking of wall. Pyrolysis gas discharge pyrolysis device has certain speed, carries the carbon black volume in order to reduce pyrolysis gas, sets up contrary spiral at the tip, and pyrolysis gas flows around in contrary helical structure, effectively separates the pyrolysis carbon black, and the pyrolysis carbon black of reverse spiral rotary conveying separation simultaneously to pyrolysis carbon black discharge port 8. The space between the teeth of the conveying positive screw 402 is about 1.5 times of the height of the teeth, and the space is gradually reduced, so that the conveying of the waste rubber and plastic in the pyrolysis device is completed, and meanwhile, the heat exchange area is increased.
In the embodiment, the reducing screw is used for conveying, heating, extruding and grinding the waste rubber and plastic particles, the length ratio of the diameter-identical section 404 to the diameter-reducing section 405 of the screw is 1:1, and the waste rubber and plastic particles can be rapidly pyrolyzed. The section with the same diameter refers to the section with the same diameter of the middle shaft of the screw rod, while the section with the variable diameter refers to the section with the gradually increased diameter of the middle shaft of the screw rod and the correspondingly decreased tooth height. The waste rubber and plastic particles are heated and pyrolyzed outside in the pyrolysis process, expand after being heated, are more compact under the rotary extrusion of the screw rod, and are beneficial to heat conduction. Meanwhile, the screw rotates, the waste rubber and plastic particles are subjected to the action of circumferential shearing force, the particles are mutually rubbed and mixed, and the pyrolyzed part on the outer layer is easy to peel off, so that the pyrolysis inside the waste rubber and plastic particles is facilitated. The mass ratio of the pyrolytic carbon black in the general waste rubber and plastic particle pyrolysis product is 35-40%, and the volume of the pyrolytic carbon black is reduced along with the pyrolysis of the waste rubber and plastic particles, so that the diameter of the rear half section of the middle shaft of the screw is gradually increased, the tooth height and the tooth space are reduced, the grinding of the pyrolytic carbon black is promoted, the particle size of the pyrolytic carbon black is reduced, and the inside of the waste rubber and plastic particles can be fully heated and pyrolyzed.
In this embodiment, the internal heating unit and the external heating unit both adopt a high-temperature flue gas heating mode, and the high-temperature flue gas firstly enters the internal heating unit and then enters the external heating unit after heat exchange. In the internal heating unit, heat transfer enhancing fins 503 are arranged, so that on one hand, the flow velocity of flue gas is improved, the heat transfer area is increased, and the heat transfer is enhanced, on the other hand, the flue gas velocity field is uniform, and local hot spots are avoided. The waste rubber and plastic are heated inside and outside simultaneously by the internal heating unit and the external heating unit, so that heat transfer is greatly enhanced. Particularly, the conveying screw is arranged on the waste rubber and plastic side of the internal heating unit, which is equivalent to a rib, and the heat transfer strengthening effect on the waste rubber and plastic side with low heat transfer coefficient is obvious. The high-temperature flue gas firstly enters the inner heating unit and then enters the outer heating unit, because the waste rubber and plastic side of the inner heating unit is provided with the conveying screw, the heat exchange area is large, the higher temperature is favorable for strengthening heat transfer, and simultaneously the flue gas after heat exchange enters the outer heating unit, so that the temperature of the outer wall of the outer heating unit is low, and the heat dissipation loss is less.
The flow direction of the high-temperature flue gas is opposite to the movement direction of the waste rubber and plastic in the embodiment, the temperature at the inlet of the waste rubber and plastic is low, and the temperature at the outlet 8 of the pyrolytic carbon black is high. At the initial stage of pyrolysis of waste rubber and plastic, pyrolysis gas is separated out much, and the pyrolysis gas schizolysis degree can be avoided to lower temperature, improves and gets the oil rate, and when pyrolysis was accomplished basically, higher temperature can guarantee on the one hand that waste rubber and plastic pyrolyzed completely, and on the other hand the temperature is higher, and the ability that pyrolysis carbon black adsorbs pyrolysis gas descends, can reduce pyrolysis carbon black's oiliness. The quality of the hot gas product is greatly improved.
The front pyrolytic gas sealing component 901 in the sealing unit of the embodiment adopts a graphite packing sealing structure, and the rear pyrolytic gas sealing component and the flue gas sealing component adopt a double sealing structure combining graphite packing and nitrogen sealing.
The temperature of back pyrolysis gas seal subassembly and flue gas seal subassembly department is high, and sealed requirement is high, and graphite packing combines the double containment structure of nitrogen gas seal to comprise graphite packing, nitrogen gas import pipe and nitrogen chamber, and monitoring nitrogen gas flow judges whether seal structure is intact. During the operation of the pyrolysis device, the nitrogen pressure is kept constant, if the nitrogen flow is suddenly increased or is obviously increased compared with the initial flow, the sealing is broken, and the sealing is intact.
In this embodiment, the pyrolysis cylinder is provided with a plurality of temperature measuring points, pressure measuring points and flow measuring points for monitoring and controlling the pyrolysis temperature, the pressure of the pyrolysis chamber and the nitrogen flow. The temperature of the pyrolysis system can be accurately controlled, and the running state of the pyrolysis device can be monitored.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a high-efficient pyrolysis device of useless rubber and plastic of function is milled in intensive coupling of heat transfer, includes the support and sets up the pyrolysis barrel on the support, its characterized in that, the pyrolysis barrel is equipped with:
the pyrolysis chamber is axially arranged along the pyrolysis barrel, a screw is arranged in the pyrolysis chamber, a middle shaft of the screw is a hollow shaft, the middle shaft is sequentially provided with a diameter-identical section and a diameter-variable section from a feeding hole, and the diameter of the middle shaft of the diameter-variable section is gradually increased; the end part of the screw rod of the reducing section is provided with a reverse spiral;
the feeding unit is used for feeding the waste rubber and plastic;
the internal heating unit heats the cavity of the middle shaft of the screw;
an external heating unit for heating from the outside of the screw;
a pyrolysis gas outlet for discharging the waste rubber and plastic pyrolysis gas;
and the pyrolytic carbon black outlet is used for discharging the pyrolytic carbon black.
2. The efficient pyrolysis device for waste rubber and plastic with heat transfer enhancement coupling grinding function according to claim 1, wherein the middle shaft is provided with a double-layer cavity, the internal heating unit comprises a flue gas inlet and a flue gas outlet which are arranged at the same end of the middle shaft, the flue gas inlet is communicated with the outer-layer cavity of the middle shaft, and the flue gas outlet is communicated with the inner-layer cavity of the middle shaft; the inner layer cavity is communicated with the outer layer cavity at the other end.
3. The waste rubber-plastic high-efficiency pyrolysis device with the heat transfer enhancement coupling grinding function as claimed in claim 2, wherein the outer layer cavity is provided with heat transfer fins; high-temperature flue gas firstly enters the internal heating unit, is discharged after heat exchange and then enters the external heating unit; the flowing direction of the high-temperature flue gas is opposite to the moving direction of the waste rubber and plastic.
4. The efficient waste rubber and plastic pyrolysis device with the heat transfer enhancement coupling grinding function as claimed in claim 1, wherein the external heating unit comprises a heating cylinder body arranged outside the pyrolysis cylinder body, a flue gas channel is formed between the heating cylinder body and the pyrolysis cylinder body, and a flue gas inlet is formed at one end of the heating cylinder body while a flue gas outlet is formed at the other end of the heating cylinder body.
5. The high-efficiency waste rubber and plastic pyrolysis device with the heat transfer enhancement coupling grinding function as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pyrolysis cylinder is further provided with a sealing unit, and the sealing unit comprises a front pyrolysis gas sealing component arranged at the feed end of the pyrolysis cylinder, a rear pyrolysis gas sealing component arranged at the outlet end of the pyrolysis cylinder and a flue gas sealing component;
the front pyrolytic gas sealing assembly adopts a graphite packing sealing structure; the back pyrolysis gas seal assembly and the flue gas seal assembly adopt a double-seal structure that graphite packing is combined with nitrogen seal, and the double-seal structure comprises a graphite packing, a nitrogen inlet pipe and a nitrogen chamber.
6. The high-efficiency waste rubber and plastic pyrolysis device with the heat transfer enhancement coupling grinding function as claimed in claim 1, wherein a plurality of temperature measuring points, pressure measuring points and flow measuring points are arranged on the pyrolysis cylinder body and used for monitoring and controlling pyrolysis temperature, pyrolysis chamber pressure and nitrogen flow.
7. The device for the high-efficiency pyrolysis of waste rubber and plastic with the heat transfer enhancement coupling grinding function as claimed in claim 1, wherein the feeding unit comprises a hopper and a feeding screw rod vertically arranged in the hopper, the bottom of the hopper is provided with a gate valve, and the feeding screw rod is driven by a variable frequency motor to feed.
8. The waste rubber and plastic high-efficiency pyrolysis device with the heat transfer enhancement coupling grinding function as claimed in claim 1, wherein the support is provided with a power unit for driving the screw to rotate, the power unit comprises a variable frequency motor, a speed reducer, a coupler and a thrust bearing, and further comprises a riding wheel arranged at the other end of the pyrolysis cylinder.
9. The waste rubber-plastic high-efficiency pyrolysis device with the heat transfer enhancement coupling grinding function as claimed in claim 1, wherein the length ratio of the section with the same diameter to the section with the variable diameter of the screw is 1: 1; the height of the spiral teeth at the end part of the variable-diameter section is half of the height of the spiral teeth at the same-diameter section.
10. The waste rubber and plastic high-efficiency pyrolysis device with the heat transfer enhancement coupling grinding function as claimed in claim 1, wherein the reverse spiral is positioned at the rear part of the pyrolysis carbon black outlet and consists of 3-4 teeth.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113816081A (en) * | 2021-10-18 | 2021-12-21 | 西安西热锅炉环保工程有限公司 | Device and method for heating by using high-temperature flue gas or hot air to assist in conveying solid waste |
| CN114540056A (en) * | 2022-03-15 | 2022-05-27 | 光大环境科技（中国）有限公司 | Waste rubber and plastic pyrolysis treatment device and treatment method thereof |
-
2020
- 2020-12-09 CN CN202022978078.4U patent/CN214244314U/en active Active
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113816081A (en) * | 2021-10-18 | 2021-12-21 | 西安西热锅炉环保工程有限公司 | Device and method for heating by using high-temperature flue gas or hot air to assist in conveying solid waste |
| CN114540056A (en) * | 2022-03-15 | 2022-05-27 | 光大环境科技（中国）有限公司 | Waste rubber and plastic pyrolysis treatment device and treatment method thereof |
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