CN214223085U - Circulating fluidized bed boiler capable of quickly adjusting material amount in bed - Google Patents
Circulating fluidized bed boiler capable of quickly adjusting material amount in bed Download PDFInfo
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- CN214223085U CN214223085U CN202023308987.3U CN202023308987U CN214223085U CN 214223085 U CN214223085 U CN 214223085U CN 202023308987 U CN202023308987 U CN 202023308987U CN 214223085 U CN214223085 U CN 214223085U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a circulating fluidized bed boiler capable of quickly adjusting the material amount in a bed, which comprises a hearth, a separator, a material returning valve, an air distribution plate and an air chamber; one or more material adjusting storage bins are arranged on the side surface of the air chamber, and air can enter the bottom of each material adjusting storage bin; the material adjusting storage bin is directly connected with a side plate at the bottom of the hearth; the side plate can be opened. The utility model discloses a set up the material regulation storehouse that directly links to each other in furnace bottom and reduce the bed material volume on the grid bottom furnace fast. Along with the rapid reduction of the amount of high-temperature bed materials at the bottom of the hearth, the speed of the hearth is increased at the temperature, and the reduction rate of the hearth load is greatly increased. Therefore, the stable fluidization state can be kept under a lower primary air quantity, and the efficiency of the unit is improved; the material adjusting storage bin is connected with a material returning pipe and a material returning door, and bed materials fluidized by the air distribution plate of the storage bin are returned to the hearth by high-pressure fluidized air, so that the temperature in the hearth is increased, and the rate of increasing the load of the boiler is increased.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of heat supply and power plant boiler, in particular to circulating fluidized bed boiler of quick adjustment bed material volume.
Background
The circulating fluidized bed boiler blows fuels such as coal particles, biomass and bed materials from the bottom of a hearth through primary air with high pressure, so that the particles are in a fluidized state and are combusted. Bed materials in the hearth have strong heat storage capacity, and the residence time of the fuel in the hearth is prolonged through the separator, so that the circulating fluidized bed boiler has the characteristic of wide fuel application range; the circulating fluidized bed boiler can stably operate at a lower combustion temperature, and the generation of nitrogen oxides is much lower than that of a pulverized coal boiler; by adding limestone in the hearth, sulfur dioxide can be removed in the combustion process, and the desulfurization cost is greatly reduced. Based on the advantages, the circulating fluidized bed boiler is the best choice for large-scale clean utilization of fuels such as high-sulfur and high-ash coal, gangue, washed coal, coal slime, biomass and the like. In recent years, circulating fluidized bed boilers have been increasing in size and high in parameter.
With the fact that the proportion of new energy power generation to the total power generation is higher and higher, the thermal power generating unit is required to have a faster load adjustment rate and a larger load adjustment range. A large amount of bed materials are arranged in a hearth of the circulating fluidized bed boiler, the furnace temperature is stable, and the thermal inertia is large, so that the hearth temperature and the heat exchange coefficient change slowly in the load adjusting process, and the load change is slow; along with the reduction of boiler load, the particle size of particles participating in circulation is reduced, more large particles are concentrated towards the bottom of a hearth, so that materials in a dense-phase area are increased, the bed pressure of the dense-phase area and the resistance of an air distribution plate are the key for maintaining stable fluidization of the hearth, if the primary air quantity of the boiler is reduced, the air distribution resistance is reduced, the problems of uneven fluidization and a fluidization dead zone can occur, even the bed pressure fluctuates greatly, the combustion efficiency is reduced, the carbon content of low slag is increased, and the safe operation of the boiler is influenced. Therefore, in the low-load operation process of the existing circulating fluidized bed boiler, a higher primary air volume is still required to maintain the normal fluidization state of the boiler. This results in a significant reduction in the efficiency of the boiler in low load operation.
When the circulating fluidized bed boiler is under low load, the bed material amount in the dense-phase region of the hearth is increased, the part of the bed material has little effect on combustion and heat transfer of the hearth, and the fluidization stability at the bottom of the hearth is reduced, so that local air distribution is uneven and even the phenomenon of large fluctuation of the bed pressure is caused. It is therefore desirable to design a circulating fluidized bed boiler that rapidly regulates the amount of material in the bed.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model discloses a solve the technical problem that exists among the known art and provide a circulating fluidized bed boiler of quick adjustment bed material volume, can promote the speed that boiler load goes up and down by a wide margin, improved the unit flexibility and also can remain stable fluidized state under lower amount of wind.
The utility model comprises the following technical scheme: a circulating fluidized bed boiler capable of quickly adjusting the amount of materials in a bed comprises a hearth, a separator, a material return valve, an air distribution plate and an air chamber; one or more material adjusting storage bins are arranged on the side surface of the air chamber, and air can enter the bottom of each material adjusting storage bin; the material adjusting storage bin is directly connected with a side plate at the bottom of the hearth; the side plate can be opened.
Furthermore, the side plate is connected with the air distribution plate, and a partition plate door is arranged on the side plate. The partition door is controlled to be opened and closed by a hydraulic actuator. The partition board door is made of high-temperature-resistant and fireproof materials.
Furthermore, a material returning pipe is arranged at the bottom of the material adjusting storage bin and connected with the bottom of the hearth, and a material returning door is arranged on the material returning pipe. The return gate is a spile gate.
Furthermore, the bottom surface of the material adjusting storage bin is a storage bin air distribution plate which is the top surface of a storage bin air chamber; the storage chamber air chamber is connected with a high-pressure fluidization fan.
Furthermore, the air chamber is arranged at the bottom of the hearth, and an air distribution plate is arranged at the top of the air chamber.
Furthermore, the upper part of the separator is connected with the upper part of the hearth, the lower part of the separator is connected with a material returning valve, and the material returning valve is connected with the lower part of the hearth.
Furthermore, the inner wall of the material adjusting storage bin is adhered with a heat insulation material.
The utility model discloses a theory of operation:
in the full-load working condition operation process of the circulating fluidized bed boiler, primary air enters an air chamber and enters a hearth through an air distribution plate, bed materials and fuel in the hearth are fluidized, part of fine particles are brought out of the hearth by fluidized air and enter a separator, most of particles are captured by the separator and return to the hearth through a material return valve, and a small part of ultrafine particles escape from the separator along with flue gas. At the moment, the partition board door of the material adjusting storage bin and the material returning door on the material returning pipe are both in a closed state.
When the circulating fluidized bed boiler needs to rapidly reduce the load, the hydraulic actuating mechanism pushes the partition plate door open, and a large amount of bed materials in a fluidized state at the bottom of the hearth rapidly flow into the material adjusting storage bin. Because the materials in the hearth are reduced, the heat transfer coefficient of the hearth is reduced, the temperature of the hearth is reduced, and the output of the boiler is rapidly reduced. The bed materials are stored in the material adjusting storage bin and keep the original temperature.
When the boiler needs to lift load, the partition plate door of the material adjusting storage bin is closed, and the material returning door on the material returning pipe is opened. High-pressure fluidized air enters the air chamber of the storage bin, and the bed material in the material adjusting storage bin is fluidized through the air distribution plate of the storage bin, so that the bed material returns to the hearth through the return pipe. Because the bed material is still in a high-temperature state, the temperature in the hearth is improved, and the speed of increasing the load of the boiler is increased.
The utility model has the advantages and positive effect:
1. the utility model discloses a set up the material regulation storehouse that directly links to each other in furnace bottom and reduce the bed material volume on the grid bottom furnace fast. Along with the rapid reduction of the amount of high-temperature bed materials at the bottom of the hearth, the speed of the hearth is increased at the temperature, and the reduction rate of the hearth load is greatly increased. Therefore, the stable fluidization state can be kept under the lower primary air quantity, and the efficiency of the unit is improved.
2. The utility model discloses a material conditioning storage bin is connected with return pipe and returning charge door, and when high-pressure fluidization wind got into material conditioning storage bin through the storage bin plenum, will be through in the bed material of storage bin air distribution plate fluidization sends back furnace, improve the temperature in the furnace for the speed that the boiler load improves accelerates.
3. The utility model discloses set up the separator outside furnace, partial fine particle is brought into the separator by the fluidization wind and is caught by the separator, and the granule after catching returns furnace, realizes the circulation of material through the material returning valve.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention.
In the figure, 1, a hearth; 2. a separator; 3. a material return valve; 4. a wind distribution plate; 5. an air chamber;
6. primary air; 7. high pressure fluidized wind; 8. a storage chamber; 9. a storage bin air distribution plate;
10. a material adjusting storage bin; 11. a material returning pipe; 12. a hydraulic actuator; 13. a bulkhead door;
14. a material returning door.
Detailed Description
To further disclose the contents, features and functions of the present invention, the following examples are given in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example (b): referring to the attached figure 1, the circulating fluidized bed boiler capable of rapidly adjusting the amount of materials in a bed comprises a hearth 1, a separator 2, a material returning valve 3, an air distribution plate 4 and an air chamber 5; the air chamber 5 is arranged at the bottom of the hearth 1, and the top of the air chamber 5 is provided with an air distribution plate 4. The upper part of the separator 2 is connected with the upper part of the hearth 1, the lower part of the separator 2 is connected with the material return valve 3, and the material return valve 3 is connected with the lower part of the hearth 1.
A material adjusting storage bin 10 is arranged on the side surface of the air chamber 5, and air can enter the bottom of the material adjusting storage bin 10; the bottom surface of the material adjusting storage bin 10 is a storage bin air distribution plate 9, and the storage bin air distribution plate 9 is the top surface of a storage bin air chamber 8; the storage chamber air chamber 8 is connected with a high-pressure fluidization fan.
The material adjusting storage bin 10 is directly connected with a side plate at the bottom of the hearth 1; the side plate can be opened. The side plate is connected with the air distribution plate 4, and a partition plate door 13 is arranged on the side plate. The opening and closing of the partition door 13 is controlled by a hydraulic actuator 12. The partition door 13 is made of high-temperature-resistant and fireproof materials.
The bottom of the material adjusting storage bin 10 is provided with a material returning pipe 11, the material returning pipe 11 is connected with the bottom of the hearth 1, and the material returning pipe 11 is provided with a material returning door 14. The return gate 14 is a gate panel.
And the inner wall of the material adjusting storage bin 10 is adhered with a heat-insulating material.
The working principle is as follows:
in the full-load working condition operation process of the circulating fluidized bed boiler, primary air enters an air chamber 5 and enters a hearth 1 through an air distribution plate 4 to fluidize bed materials and fuel in the hearth 1, part of fine particles are brought out of the hearth 1 by fluidized air and enter a separator 2, most of particles are captured by the separator 2 and return to the hearth 1 through a material return valve 3, and a small part of ultrafine particles escape from the separator 2 along with flue gas. At this time, the partition door 13 of the material adjusting storage bin 10 and the return door 14 on the return pipe 11 are both in a closed state.
When the circulating fluidized bed boiler needs to rapidly reduce the load, the hydraulic actuator 12 pushes the partition plate door 13 open, and a large amount of bed materials in a fluidized state at the bottom of the hearth 1 rapidly flow into the material adjusting storage bin 10. Because the materials in the hearth 1 are reduced, the heat transfer coefficient of the hearth 1 is reduced, the temperature of the hearth 1 is reduced, and the boiler output is rapidly reduced. The bed material is stored in the material conditioning silo 10 and kept at the original temperature.
When the boiler needs to lift load, the partition door 13 of the material adjusting storage bin 10 is closed, and the return door 14 on the return pipe 11 is opened. High-pressure fluidized air enters a storage bin air chamber 8, and bed materials in a material adjusting storage bin 10 are fluidized through a storage bin air distribution plate 9, so that the bed materials return to the hearth 1 through a return pipe 11. Since the bed material is still at a high temperature, it helps to increase the temperature in the furnace 1, so that the rate of boiler load increase is increased.
Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, which are only illustrative and not restrictive, and those skilled in the art can make many forms without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. All of which fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a circulating fluidized bed boiler of quick adjustment bed material volume, includes furnace, separator, return material valve, air distributor and plenum, its characterized in that: one or more material adjusting storage bins are arranged on the side surface of the air chamber, and air can enter the bottom of each material adjusting storage bin; the material adjusting storage bin is directly connected with a side plate at the bottom of the hearth; the side plate can be opened.
2. The circulating fluidized bed boiler with rapid in-bed material quantity adjustment according to claim 1, characterized in that: the side plate is connected with the air distribution plate, and a partition plate door is arranged on the side plate.
3. The circulating fluidized bed boiler with rapid in-bed material quantity adjustment according to claim 2, characterized in that: the partition door is controlled to be opened and closed by a hydraulic actuator.
4. The circulating fluidized bed boiler with rapid in-bed material quantity adjustment according to claim 2, characterized in that: the partition board door is made of high-temperature-resistant and fireproof materials.
5. The circulating fluidized bed boiler with rapid in-bed material quantity adjustment according to claim 1, characterized in that: the material adjusting and storing bin is characterized in that a material returning pipe is arranged at the bottom of the material adjusting and storing bin, the material returning pipe is connected with the bottom of the hearth, and a material returning door is arranged on the material returning pipe.
6. The circulating fluidized bed boiler with rapid in-bed material quantity adjustment according to claim 1, characterized in that: the bottom surface of the material adjusting storage bin is a storage bin air distribution plate which is the top surface of a storage bin air chamber.
7. The circulating fluidized bed boiler with rapid in-bed material quantity adjustment according to claim 6, characterized in that: the storage chamber air chamber is connected with a high-pressure fluidization fan.
8. The circulating fluidized bed boiler with rapid bed material quantity adjustment according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: the air chamber is arranged at the bottom of the hearth, and an air distribution plate is arranged at the top of the air chamber.
9. The circulating fluidized bed boiler with rapid bed material quantity adjustment according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: the upper part of the separator is connected with the upper part of the hearth, the lower part of the separator is connected with the material return valve, and the material return valve is connected with the lower part of the hearth.
10. The circulating fluidized bed boiler with rapid bed material quantity adjustment according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: and the inner wall of the material adjusting storage bin is adhered with a heat-insulating material.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202023308987.3U CN214223085U (en) | 2020-12-31 | 2020-12-31 | Circulating fluidized bed boiler capable of quickly adjusting material amount in bed |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202023308987.3U CN214223085U (en) | 2020-12-31 | 2020-12-31 | Circulating fluidized bed boiler capable of quickly adjusting material amount in bed |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN214223085U true CN214223085U (en) | 2021-09-17 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202023308987.3U Active CN214223085U (en) | 2020-12-31 | 2020-12-31 | Circulating fluidized bed boiler capable of quickly adjusting material amount in bed |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN214223085U (en) |
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2020
- 2020-12-31 CN CN202023308987.3U patent/CN214223085U/en active Active
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