CN214217832U - Elevator wire rope breakage early warning system - Google Patents
Elevator wire rope breakage early warning system Download PDFInfo
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- CN214217832U CN214217832U CN202120146805.2U CN202120146805U CN214217832U CN 214217832 U CN214217832 U CN 214217832U CN 202120146805 U CN202120146805 U CN 202120146805U CN 214217832 U CN214217832 U CN 214217832U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a wire rope tests technical field, discloses an elevator wire rope early warning system that breaks, including acoustic emission sensor unit, broken silk recognition unit, acoustic emission sensor unit sets up on an elevator at least, and two at least acoustic emission sensors set up respectively on the driving sheave that corresponds the elevator, leading wheel, with the spandrel girder, with the car, with to the two at least positions in the steel strand wires near the wire rope fag end that links to each other heavily, acoustic emission sensor sends received broken silk acoustic emission signal to broken silk recognition unit, broken silk recognition unit judges actual broken silk number and broken silk position according to acoustic emission energy count, acoustic emission amplitude, duration among the broken silk acoustic emission signal. The utility model discloses according to the broken silk acoustic emission characteristic of steel wire, confirm broken silk quantity and each broken silk position, monitor wire rope's broken silk phenomenon in all weather, improve the security of elevator.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a wire rope test technical field especially relates to an elevator wire rope early warning system that breaks.
Background
As the number of elevators increases, elevator faults occur more and more frequently. In elevator faults, a larger proportion is occupied by the rope fault. Factors affecting the life of the wire rope: tension, bending, sheave groove shape and material, corrosion, etc.
The steel wire rope of the elevator is an important structure for guaranteeing the operation safety of the elevator, the damage state of the steel wire rope during service is closely related to the operation safety of the elevator, and the monitoring of the damage state of the steel wire rope of the elevator is significant for avoiding the crash of the elevator caused by the breakage of the steel wire rope and guaranteeing the life safety of people.
The two main technologies in the aspect of nondestructive testing of the steel wire rope are as follows: a local defect detection method and a metal sectional area loss detection method. In the nondestructive testing process of the steel wire rope, residual magnetism, magnetic materials and artificial factors can have certain influence on the testing result. The existing broken wire monitoring method has the defects of time and labor consumption, poor effect, high operation condition and the like, and is difficult to meet the on-line monitoring requirement of broken wires of the steel wire rope and further cannot meet the corresponding early warning prompt.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims at solving the above problem, provide an elevator wire rope early warning system that breaks, according to the broken silk acoustic emission characteristic of steel wire, confirm broken silk quantity and each broken silk position, monitor wire rope's broken silk phenomenon in all weather, improve the security of elevator.
The elevator dragging steel wire rope is generally in a round strand structure and mainly comprises steel wires, rope strands and a rope core. In the working process of the elevator, the steel wire rope is influenced by factors such as tension, bending deformation, traction sheave groove shape, material corrosion and the like, so that failure is generated, and the failure is expressed as steel wire fracture in the strand. And because the characteristic of wire rope, its sound emission signal of breaking accords with certain rule, in addition, because when acoustic emission sensor received the acoustic emission signal, at the distance within 30m, the signal attenuation is not obvious, consequently, can regard 30m as the effective monitoring distance of acoustic emission sensor, measure the acoustic emission signal in this distance, realize the real-time supervision to wire rope.
The utility model adopts the technical proposal that:
an elevator steel wire rope breakage early warning system is characterized by comprising an acoustic emission sensor unit and a broken wire identification unit, the acoustic emission sensor unit is at least arranged on one elevator and comprises at least two acoustic emission sensors arranged on each elevator, the at least two acoustic emission sensors are respectively arranged on at least two positions of a plurality of positions of a traction wheel, a guide wheel, a steel strand near the rope end of a steel wire rope connected with a bearing beam, a steel strand near the rope end of a steel wire rope connected with a lift car and a steel strand near the rope end of a steel wire rope connected with a counterweight of the corresponding elevator, the acoustic emission sensor sends the received broken wire acoustic emission signals to the broken wire identification unit, and the broken wire identification unit judges the actual broken wire number and the broken wire position according to acoustic emission energy counting, acoustic emission amplitude and duration in the broken wire acoustic emission signals.
Further, the acoustic emission sensor comprises a power supply module, a wireless transmission module, a preamplifier module and a data acquisition module, wherein the power supply module is connected to an elevator power supply, and the wireless transmission module is in wireless communication connection with the broken wire identification unit.
Further, elevator wire rope breakage early warning system still includes the early warning unit, the early warning unit is connected to broken filament recognition unit, the early warning unit reports to the police when the amount of broken filaments or wire rope factor of safety reach the early warning value according to broken filament.
Furthermore, the vertical height of the steel wire rope of the elevator is less than or equal to 30 meters, the acoustic emission sensors are arranged on a traction wheel and a guide wheel of the elevator, and the number of the acoustic emission sensors is 2-3.
Further, the vertical height of the steel wire rope of the elevator is more than 30 meters, at least one of the acoustic emission sensors is arranged at a moving position of one of the guide wheel, the steel strand near the rope end of the steel wire rope connected with the elevator car and the steel strand near the rope end of the steel wire rope connected with the counterweight, and the number of the acoustic emission sensors is 3-7.
The utility model has the advantages that:
(1) the broken wire acoustic emission signals collected by the acoustic emission sensor are used for judging the broken wire of the steel wire rope, so that the monitoring of the steel wire rope of the whole elevator is realized;
(2) the system can realize all-weather monitoring and avoid a time blind area of detection;
(3) the safety coefficient and the broken yarn amount are combined for early warning, so that the safety level is improved;
(4) the structure is small, the installation is simple, and the structure, the use and the maintenance of the elevator are not influenced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an elevator structure;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the early warning system of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a first example traction system configuration diagram;
fig. 4 is a second example traction system configuration diagram;
fig. 5 is a third example traction system configuration diagram;
fig. 6 is a drawing showing a fourth example of the construction of the traction system.
Detailed Description
The following describes in detail the embodiment of the elevator rope breakage warning system of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to the attached drawing 1, the traction system of the elevator mainly comprises a traction machine 1, a traction steel wire rope 2, a traction sheave 3, a guide pulley 4, a car 5, a counterweight 6 and the like. The traction machine 1 is a main traction machine for lifting an elevator car 5, a steel wire rope 2 is embedded and hung on a traction wheel 3, and two ends of the steel wire rope 2 are respectively connected with the car 5 and a counterweight 6. The guide wheel 4 is arranged on a traction frame or a bearing beam, the distance between the car 5 and the counterweight 6 is separated, and the traction capacity can be increased when a rewinding type is adopted. The wire rope 2 carries the total weight of the car 5, the counterweight 6, the rated load, and the like.
Referring to the attached figure 2, the elevator steel wire rope breakage early warning system comprises an acoustic emission sensor unit, a broken wire identification unit and an early warning unit, wherein the acoustic emission sensor unit can simultaneously process acoustic emission signals of a plurality of elevators, each elevator is provided with at least two acoustic emission sensors, when the vertical height of an elevator steel wire rope is greater than 30 meters, when the elevator works, at least two acoustic emission sensors exist within 30 meters of any position on the steel wire rope, the acoustic emission sensors send the received broken wire acoustic emission signals to the broken wire identification unit, and the broken wire identification unit judges the actual broken wire number and the broken wire position according to acoustic emission energy counting, acoustic emission amplitude and duration in the broken wire acoustic emission signals. The early warning unit is connected to the broken wire recognition unit, and the early warning unit gives an alarm when the broken wire amount or the safety coefficient of the steel wire rope reaches an early warning value.
The acoustic emission sensor comprises a power supply module, a wireless transmission module, a preamplifier module and a data acquisition module, wherein the power supply module is connected to an elevator power supply, and the wireless transmission module is in wireless communication connection with the broken wire identification unit.
The broken wire identification unit comprises a data receiver and a field server, the data receiver receives a wireless signal of the acoustic emission sensor and then sends the wireless signal to the field server for processing, data such as a broken wire position and a broken wire amount of a steel wire rope of the corresponding elevator are output, and monitoring can be achieved through man-machine interaction.
The acoustic emission sensors are respectively arranged on at least two positions of a plurality of positions corresponding to a traction wheel, a guide wheel, a steel strand near a rope end of a steel wire rope connected with the bearing beam, a steel strand near a rope end of a steel wire rope connected with the lift car and a steel strand near a rope end of a steel wire rope connected with the counterweight.
The following is an example of how the acoustic emission sensors of elevators of different configurations are arranged.
Referring to fig. 3, the multiplying factor of the wire rope is 1, and the traction machine 1 realizes the operation of the elevator through a traction sheave and a guide sheave 4. When the vertical height of the elevator steel wire rope is more than 30 meters, the acoustic emission sensor is arranged on the traction sheave 3, and meanwhile, the acoustic emission sensor is required to be arranged on the steel strand near the rope end of the steel wire rope connected with the elevator car and the steel strand near the rope end of the steel wire rope connected with the counterweight. When the vertical height of the elevator rope is 30m or less, the acoustic emission sensor is disposed on the traction sheave 3 and other positions.
Referring to fig. 4, the multiplying factor of a wire rope is 2, and a traction machine 1 realizes the operation of an elevator through a traction sheave 3 and two guide sheaves 4. When the vertical height of the elevator steel wire rope is more than 30 meters, the acoustic emission sensors are respectively arranged on the traction sheave 3, the two guide wheels 4 and the steel strand near the rope end of the steel wire rope connected with the bearing beam, and 5 sensors are arranged in total. When the vertical height of the elevator steel wire rope is less than or equal to 30 meters, the acoustic emission sensors are respectively arranged on the two guide wheels 4, and 2 sensors are arranged in total.
Referring to fig. 5, the multiplying factor of a wire rope is 2, and a traction machine 1 realizes the operation of an elevator through a traction sheave 3 and four guide sheaves 4. When the vertical height of the elevator steel wire rope is more than 30 meters, the acoustic emission sensors are respectively arranged on the traction sheave 3, the four guide wheels 4 and the steel strands near the rope ends of the two steel wire ropes connected with the bearing beam, and 7 sensors are arranged in total. When the vertical height of the elevator steel wire rope is less than or equal to 30 meters, the acoustic emission sensors are respectively arranged on the traction sheave 3, the guide pulley 4 on the upper beam of the elevator car and the guide pulley 4 on the upper part of the counterweight, and 3 sensors are arranged in total.
Referring to fig. 6, the multiplying power of the wire rope is 3, and the traction machine 1 realizes the operation of the elevator through the traction sheave 3 and the four guide sheaves 4. When the vertical height of the elevator steel wire rope is more than 30 meters, the acoustic emission sensors are respectively arranged on the traction sheave 3, the four guide wheels 4, the steel strand near the rope end of the steel wire rope connected with the elevator car and the steel strand near the rope end of the steel wire rope connected with the counterweight, and 7 sensors are arranged in total. When the vertical height of the elevator steel wire rope is less than or equal to 30 meters, the acoustic emission sensors are respectively arranged on the traction sheave 3 and the two fixed guide wheels connected with the bearing beam, and 3 sensors are arranged in total.
In the working process of the elevator, the acoustic emission sensor receives various acoustic emissions, and after analysis, when the broken wire occurs, the rise time of the signal of the acoustic emission sensor is 10-8To 10-4s, therefore, the rise time of the acoustic emission signal can be filtered out to be 10-8To 10-4signals other than s.
The acoustic emission of the interference acoustic emission sensor mainly comes from a traction machine, a working environment and passengers, the acoustic emission is below 100dB, and the acoustic emission of broken wires is higher than 100dB, so that the noise with the acoustic emission amplitude below 100dB can be filtered.
And taking the acoustic emission energy count, the acoustic emission amplitude and the duration time in the broken wire acoustic emission characteristic parameters as standard conditions for judging the broken wire amount. The method is divided into two judgment conditions, and the yarn breakage is judged to occur as long as one condition is met, and the yarn breakage is judged to occur for multiple times if the condition is met for multiple times.
And counting according to the acoustic emission energy, and when the accumulated acoustic emission energy rises in a step mode once or an abnormal point appears in a time-course curve of the acoustic emission energy, indicating that a broken wire occurs.
According to the acoustic emission amplitude and the duration, when the value of the acoustic emission amplitude is between 110dB and 140dB and the value of the duration is less than 10ms, the steel wire rope is broken, and one-time occurrence of the condition indicates that one wire is broken.
And when the quantities of the broken wires obtained by the two standards are inconsistent, taking the quantities of the broken wires as the broken wire values so as to improve the safety.
The time of acoustic emission signal propagation and the arrangement positions of different sensors can judge whether the acoustic emission signals are the same broken wire signals or not, and the broken wire position can be calculated, so that the broken wire position can be determined.
When the wire breaking amount of a single steel wire rope exceeds 7%, the wire breaking amount is used as a key node, and the early warning unit controls and alarms.
According to the specification, when two steel wire ropes are provided, the safety factor is not less than 16; when the number of the steel wire ropes is 3 or more, the safety coefficient cannot be less than 12. The safety factor of the steel wire rope is related to the breaking tension of the steel wire rope, and the formula is followed:
The wire breaking amount of the steel wire rope directly influences the breaking tension, and the relation between the breaking tension and the broken wire can be obtained through calculation. And when the remaining safety coefficient of the steel wire rope is smaller than the specified safety coefficient, controlling the early warning unit to give an alarm.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, a plurality of improvements and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides an elevator wire rope early warning system that breaks which characterized in that: the acoustic emission sensor unit is at least arranged on one elevator and comprises at least two acoustic emission sensors arranged on each elevator, the at least two acoustic emission sensors are respectively arranged on at least two positions of a plurality of positions of a traction wheel, a guide wheel, a steel strand near a rope end of a steel wire rope connected with a bearing beam, a steel strand near a rope end of the steel wire rope connected with a lift car and a steel strand near a rope end of the steel wire rope connected with a counterweight, the acoustic emission sensors send received sound emission signals of broken filaments to the broken filament identification unit, and the broken filament identification unit judges the actual number of broken filaments and the broken filament position according to the acoustic emission energy count, the acoustic emission amplitude and the duration in the sound emission signals of broken filaments.
2. The elevator wire rope breakage warning system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the acoustic emission sensor comprises a power supply module, an acoustic emission sensing element, a wireless transmission module, a preamplifier module and a data acquisition module, wherein the power supply module is connected to an elevator power supply, and the wireless transmission module is in wireless communication connection with the broken wire identification unit.
3. The elevator wire rope breakage warning system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the elevator steel wire rope breakage early warning system further comprises an early warning unit, the early warning unit is connected to the broken wire identification unit, and the early warning unit gives an alarm when the broken wire amount or the safety coefficient of the steel wire rope reaches an early warning value.
4. The elevator wire rope breakage warning system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: the vertical height of the steel wire rope of the elevator is less than or equal to 30 meters, the acoustic emission sensors are arranged on a traction sheave and a guide wheel of the elevator, and the number of the acoustic emission sensors is 2-3.
5. The elevator wire rope breakage warning system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: the vertical height of the steel wire rope of the elevator is more than 30 meters, at least one of the acoustic emission sensors is arranged at one moving position of the guide wheel, the steel strand near the rope end of the steel wire rope connected with the elevator car and the steel strand near the rope end of the steel wire rope connected with the counterweight, and the number of the acoustic emission sensors is 3-7.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202120146805.2U CN214217832U (en) | 2021-01-20 | 2021-01-20 | Elevator wire rope breakage early warning system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202120146805.2U CN214217832U (en) | 2021-01-20 | 2021-01-20 | Elevator wire rope breakage early warning system |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN214217832U true CN214217832U (en) | 2021-09-17 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202120146805.2U Active CN214217832U (en) | 2021-01-20 | 2021-01-20 | Elevator wire rope breakage early warning system |
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2021
- 2021-01-20 CN CN202120146805.2U patent/CN214217832U/en active Active
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