CN214212351U - Asymmetrical steel rail fishtail space machining device - Google Patents

Abstract

The processing device comprises a numerical control planer type milling machine workbench, wherein two sets of electro-permanent magnetic non-contact type tools with horizontal adjusting mechanisms are mounted on the left side and the right side of the workbench, a lateral auxiliary positioning device is mounted on the outer side of each electro-permanent magnetic non-contact type tool, and a lateral jacking device is arranged on the inner side of each electro-permanent magnetic non-contact type tool; the axial ends of the electric permanent magnet non-contact type tools are provided with axial limiting devices, and the centers of the inner sides of the two sets of electric permanent magnet non-contact type tools are provided with a set of overhaul plain edge arc tangent milling cutters; the left side and the right side of the major trimming plain edge arc tangent milling cutter are respectively provided with a set of online detection device; the on-line detection device is connected with an NC control system of the numerical control cutting equipment. The utility model discloses satisfy the full section profile processing requirement of the asymmetric section rail of different product types, improve processingquality and product percent of pass, improve production efficiency, effectively guarantee rail spare profile precision.

Description

Asymmetrical steel rail fishtail space machining device

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of rail location clamping is made, concretely relates to asymmetric rail fishtail space machining device.

Background

The steel rail is an important component of the railway track, and the stress condition is very complex when the steel rail is used on a railway. In order to prolong the service life of the high-speed turnout and meet the requirement of operation safety, rail shapes with different section shapes are designed at different track positions according to the stress characteristics of wheel loads so as to resist the acting force acting on the steel rail, so that the railway transportation is stable and firm, and the service life of the steel rail is kept to be consistent with the design. The movable point frog part of the high-speed railway switch is most widely applied to a special section steel rail (60 TY1 rail), and the rail type is an asymmetric section steel rail. In order to meet the connection of rails with different sections, the rails with asymmetric sections need to be cut and formed in a full-section mode. However, in the prior art, the steel rail cutting has workpiece vibration, the problems of profile over-cutting, insufficient cutting and the like can be caused by local impact between a cutter and a workpiece, the profile precision of a rail part cannot be ensured, the problems of instability deformation, rail limb buckling deformation and the like of the steel rail in the processing process can be caused, and the processing quality of a fishtail space is influenced; in addition, in the prior art, after milling is finished, links of slicing and manual polishing are required, and the process progress is slow; in the cutting process, the cutter needs to be replaced for many times, and the machining efficiency is low.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model provides a technical problem: the fish tail space machining device for the asymmetric steel rails is provided, and two symmetric steel rails are fixed in a vertical, lateral and axial positioning and clamping mode; the horizontal adjusting mechanism 2-1 is adopted to adjust the horizontal position, and the accurate positioning of the rail bottom height difference of various rail-shaped steel rails is realized according to the structural characteristics of different rail shapes; the processing accuracy is ensured by adopting an online detection device; one set of tool can process various products; the purposes of improving the spatial profile precision and appearance quality of the turnout fishtail and avoiding the potential safety hazard caused by stress concentration are achieved; frequent tool replacement in the cutting process is reduced, the labor intensity of workers is reduced, and the working efficiency is improved.

The utility model adopts the technical proposal that: asymmetric rail fishtail space machine processingequipment, including numerical control planer type milling machine workstation, its characterized in that: two sets of electric permanent magnet non-contact type tools are installed on the left side and the right side of a platform of the workbench and used for providing vertical suction to two symmetrical steel rails so as to adsorb and position the bottom ends of the steel rails; the bottom of the electric permanent magnet non-contact type tool adsorption platform is provided with a horizontal adjusting mechanism for adjusting the horizontal position of the adsorption platform; the outer sides of the electric permanent magnet non-contact type tools are respectively and horizontally provided with a lateral auxiliary positioning device which is tightly pressed from outside to inside, and the lateral auxiliary positioning devices are used for accurately positioning the outer side rail waists of the two symmetrical steel rails; the inner sides of the electric permanent magnet non-contact type tools are respectively provided with a side part jacking device; the side jacking device is used for positioning and clamping the rail bottoms of the two symmetrical steel rails from inside to outside; axial limiting devices are respectively arranged at the axial ends of the electric permanent magnet non-contact type tool and are used for axially positioning two symmetrical steel rails; a set of overhaul plain edge arc tangent milling cutter is arranged at the center of the inner sides of the two sets of electro-permanent magnet non-contact type tools; the major trimming plain edge arc tangent milling cutter is used for milling two symmetrical steel rails; the left side and the right side of a numerical control machine tool spindle of the major trimming plain edge arc tangent milling cutter are respectively provided with a set of online detection device; the online detection device is connected with an NC control system of the numerical control cutting equipment, and the NC control system is provided with dynamic simulation cutting software.

In the above technical solution, further: the electric permanent magnet non-contact tool is provided with an electric permanent magnet sucker, the upper end face of a sucker body of the electric permanent magnet sucker is tightly provided with magnetic conduction blocks arranged in a dot matrix manner by using screws, and each magnetic conduction block is provided with a positioning surface with the inclination of 1:20, 1:40 or 1: 1.

In the above technical solution, further: the electric permanent magnet non-contact type tool is provided with an electric permanent magnet sucker, and the electric permanent magnet sucker adjusts the horizontal position through a horizontal adjusting mechanism; the horizontal adjusting mechanism comprises a T-shaped sliding block arranged at the bottom of the electric permanent magnetic chuck, and the T-shaped sliding block is in sliding friction fit with a T-shaped sliding groove formed in the top end of the tool base; the end part of the T-shaped sliding chute is provided with a limiting stop strip; the tool base and the workbench are fastened and connected into a whole by using a positioning bolt.

In the above technical solution, further: the electric permanent magnet non-contact type tool is provided with a tool base, a positioning sliding block is arranged at the bottom end of the tool base, the positioning sliding block is matched with a sliding friction of a positioning sliding groove formed in a workbench in a sliding mode, and the tool base and the workbench are fastened into a whole through positioning bolts.

In the above technical solution, further: the lateral auxiliary positioning device is provided with a lateral oil cylinder, and a steel rail clamp is arranged at the clamping execution end of the lateral oil cylinder; the steel rail clamping device is of a T-shaped structure, a T-shaped horizontal end of the steel rail clamping device is coaxially and fixedly connected with a lateral oil cylinder piston rod, and a T-shaped protruding end of the steel rail clamping device is used for tightly propping up a steel rail web.

In the above technical solution, further: the side jacking device is provided with a fixed block, and the fixed block is fixedly connected with the workbench into a whole; the fixed block is provided with a row of a plurality of internal thread holes which are parallel at intervals and used for horizontal positioning, the internal thread holes are screwed and matched with the mounting positioning bolts, and the positioning end parts of the positioning bolts are used for horizontally pushing and positioning the rail bottom of the steel rail.

In the above technical solution, further: the axial limiting device is of a cubic block structure, and a rubber cushion layer is arranged on the front end positioning surface of the cubic block.

In the above technical solution, further: the cutter profile of the heavy dressing plain-edge arc tangent milling cutter is consistent with the standard section profile of the asymmetric steel rail; the cutter is formed by overlapping five sections of arc tangent profiling blades; the profiling blade comprises a steel rail head mandible 1:3 oblique line blade, an R8 or R25 arc blade, a rail web R400 arc blade, a rail limb R20 arc blade and a rail limb 1:3 multi-segment line blade; the profiling blades are connected into a whole in a mode of smooth transition between tangent lines tangent to line segments and circular arcs, circular arcs and circular arcs, and circular arcs and multiple lines.

In the above technical solution, further: the on-line detection device comprises an infrared generator and an infrared receiver, wherein the infrared generator and the infrared receiver are arranged above the steel rail head in an inclined mode.

The utility model has the advantages compared with the prior art:

1. the utility model discloses electric permanent magnetism sucking disc 201 of electric permanent magnetism non-contact frock 2 adjusts horizontal position through horizontal adjustment mechanism 2-1, realizes the accurate positioning of various rail type rail foot of a rail difference of height according to different rail type structural feature, is favorable to the control of rail quality.

2. The utility model discloses the tight track of rail end adoption electric permanent magnetism non-contact frock 2 vertical location clamp realizes pressing from both sides tight rail resistance cutting power and makes it axial float not to appear, and magnetic conduction piece 201 location can improve the positioning accuracy on the regional vertical direction of rail base slope gradual change, realizes the full section one-time processing of rail, improves rail fishtail space quality and labor efficiency.

3. The utility model discloses two sets of frocks and the tangent milling cutter of one set of major repair plain-edge pitch arc to accomplish the full profile manufacturing requirement of bilateral symmetry rail on a digit control machine tool, adapt to asymmetric rail and mill the manufacturing, avoid designing two sets of frocks, frequently change equipment and frock in the reducible switch part manufacturing process, reduce workman intensity of labour, improved work efficiency.

4. The utility model discloses the tangent milling cutter 6 of major repair plain edge pitch arc reduces the work piece clamping number of times, realizes full section one shot processing, and cancellation rough machining and the processing mode that manual polishing combined together alleviate workman intensity of labour, reduce occupational disease's emergence probability.

5. The utility model discloses a dynamic analog simulation technique and on-line measuring technique, mechanics change law and real-time feedback in the simulation course of working, the accurate control cutter removes quantity and the each position cutting volume of stage property, guarantees each position cutting accuracy, guarantees rail fishtail space overall dimension and appearance quality.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is the layout structure schematic diagram of the left and right sets of tools on the workbench.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the installation of the on-line detection device.

FIG. 3 is a top view of one of the positioning tools on the table.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the lateral auxiliary positioning device.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an electro-permanent magnet non-contact tool.

Fig. 6 is a top view of an electro permanent magnetic chuck.

Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of a horizontal adjusting mechanism of the electric permanent magnetic chuck.

Fig. 8 is another side schematic view of the level adjustment mechanism of the electro-permanent magnetic chuck.

Fig. 9 is a schematic view of a structure of a magnetic block in the electric permanent magnetic chuck.

Wherein (a) is a schematic view of the positioning surface of the magnetic conduction block with the gradient of 1: 20.

Wherein (b) is a schematic view of the positioning surface of the magnetic conduction block with the gradient of 1: 40.

Wherein (c) is a schematic view of the positioning surface of the magnetic conduction block with the gradient of 1: 1.

Fig. 10 is a schematic view of a rough wiper arc tangent milling cutter tool.

Fig. 11 is a schematic view of a contour blade structure.

Wherein (a) is a schematic structural diagram of a blade with oblique lines in a ratio of 1:3 at the lower jaw of a rail head of a steel rail.

Wherein (b) is a structural schematic diagram of an R8 or R25 circular arc blade.

Wherein (c) is a structural schematic diagram of the rail web R400 arc blade.

Wherein (d) is a structural schematic diagram of a rail limb R20 circular arc blade.

Wherein (e) is a structural schematic diagram of a rail limb 1:3 multi-section line blade.

Detailed Description

Specific embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to fig. 1 to 11.

The following examples are provided to facilitate a better understanding of the present invention, but are not intended to limit the present invention. The following examples are only a part of the present invention, and not all of them. The components and materials used in the following examples are commercially available unless otherwise specified.

In the present invention, unless otherwise specified or limited, all terms of orientation including "upper, lower, left, right, inner, outer, top, bottom, vertical, horizontal" and the like in terms of the term are used only to indicate the orientation of the term in the conventional usage state, or to facilitate the description of the present invention and simplify the description, or to be a common term understood by those skilled in the art, and should not be construed as a limitation of the technical solution unless otherwise specified or limited.

In addition, in the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise explicitly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly and may include, for example, a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection, and a mechanical connection; may be directly connected or may be indirectly connected through other intermediate members. To those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention should be understood in a specific context.

An asymmetrical steel rail fishtail space machining device comprises a numerical control planomiller workbench 1 (shown in figure 1).

Two sets of electric permanent magnet non-contact type tools 2 are installed on the left side and the right side of the platform of the workbench 1. The two sets of electric permanent magnet non-contact type tools 2 are respectively used for vertically positioning two symmetrical steel rails with left and right axisymmetric. The electric permanent magnet non-contact type tool 2 is used for providing vertical suction force for two symmetrical steel rails so as to adsorb and position the bottom ends of the steel rails (see fig. 2). The vertical suction provided by the high-gradient coil magnetic field acts on the rail bottom of each asymmetric steel rail, so that the toe end of the steel rail is vertically and accurately positioned, and the steel rail cannot axially move in the machining process.

In the above embodiment, further: the electric permanent magnet non-contact tool 2 is provided with an electric permanent magnet sucker 201, and the upper end surface of the body of the electric permanent magnet sucker 201 is fastened and installed with magnetic conductive blocks 202 arranged in a dot matrix manner by using screws (as shown in fig. 6). The number of the magnetic blocks 202 is nine, and the nine magnetic blocks 202 are arranged in a 3 × 3 vertical and horizontal array.

The magnetic conductive block 202 has a positioning surface with a slope of 1:20, 1:40 or 1:1 (as shown in fig. 9 (a) - (c)). Respectively used for accurately positioning the steel rails with different types.

And a horizontal adjusting mechanism 2-1 for adjusting the horizontal position of the adsorption platform is arranged at the bottom of the adsorption platform of the electric permanent magnet non-contact tool 2.

In the above embodiment, further: the electric permanent magnet non-contact tool 2 is provided with an electric permanent magnet sucker 201, and the electric permanent magnet sucker 201 adjusts the horizontal position through a horizontal adjusting mechanism 2-1 (as shown in fig. 7 and 8); the horizontal adjusting mechanism 2-1 comprises a T-shaped sliding block 203 arranged at the bottom of the electric permanent magnetic chuck 201, and the T-shaped sliding block 203 is in sliding friction fit with a T-shaped sliding groove 205 formed in the top end of a tool base 204; the end of the T-shaped sliding groove 205 is provided with a limiting stop bar 206 to prevent dislocation during sliding adjustment. The electric permanent magnetic chuck 201 can horizontally slide on a T-shaped sliding groove 205 at the top of the tool base 204, so that the displacement adjustment of the electric permanent magnetic non-contact tool 2 in the horizontal direction is realized, and the accurate positioning of different rail types can be realized by adjusting the relative position between the electric permanent magnetic chuck 201 and the tool base 204 according to the structural characteristics of different rail types. The tool base 204 and the workbench 1 are fastened and connected into a whole by using a positioning bolt, so that the whole displacement of the electric permanent magnet non-contact tool 2 is prevented, and the adjustment precision is prevented from being influenced.

In the above embodiment, further: (as shown in fig. 5) the electro-permanent-magnet non-contact tool 2 is provided with a tool base 204, a positioning slide block 207 is arranged at the bottom end of the tool base 204, the positioning slide block 207 is in sliding friction fit with a positioning slide groove 101 formed in the workbench 1, and the tool base 204 and the workbench 1 are fastened and connected into a whole by using a positioning bolt. The whole displacement of the electric permanent magnet non-contact tool 2 is prevented, and the influence on the adjustment precision is prevented.

The lateral auxiliary positioning devices 3 which are tightly jacked from outside to inside are respectively and horizontally arranged on the outer sides of the electric permanent magnet non-contact type tool 2, and the lateral auxiliary positioning devices 3 are used for accurately positioning the outer side rail webs of the two symmetrical steel rails (such as fig. 1, fig. 2, fig. 3 and fig. 4).

In the above embodiment, further: the lateral auxiliary positioning device 3 is provided with a lateral oil cylinder 301, and the clamping execution end of the lateral oil cylinder 301 is provided with a steel rail clamp 302; the rail clamp 302 is of a T-shaped structure, a T-shaped horizontal end of the rail clamp is coaxially and fixedly connected with a piston rod of the lateral oil cylinder 301, and a T-shaped protruding end of the rail clamp is used for tightly propping a rail web (as shown in fig. 3 and 4). The accurate positioning of one side of the rail web of the steel rail is realized, the steel rail is clamped by the lateral oil cylinder 301 in the horizontal direction, and the influence of the cutting force of the main shaft on the positioning accuracy of a workpiece is resisted.

The inner sides of the electric permanent magnet non-contact type tools 2 are respectively provided with a side jacking device 4; the side tightening device 4 is used for positioning and clamping the rail bottoms of two symmetrical steel rails from inside to outside. (see fig. 1 and 3) for horizontally positioning and clamping the rail from the other side of the rail foot.

In the above embodiment, further: the side jacking device 4 is provided with a fixed block 401 (as shown in fig. 3), and the fixed block 401 is fixedly connected with the workbench 1 into a whole; the fixed block 401 is provided with a row of a plurality of internal thread holes 402 which are parallel at intervals and used for horizontal positioning, the internal thread holes 402 are screwed and matched with positioning bolts 403, and the positioning end parts of the positioning bolts 403 are used for positioning the rail bottom of the steel rail by flat pushing.

The axial ends of the electric permanent magnet non-contact tool 2 are respectively provided with an axial limiting device 5, and the axial limiting devices 5 are used for axially positioning the shaft ends of the two symmetrical steel rails.

In the above embodiment, further: the axial limiting device 5 is of a cubic block structure, and a rubber cushion 501 is arranged on a vertical positioning surface at the front end of the cubic block. The axial displacement of the rail is limited by an axial limiting device 5. The rubber pad layer 501 also has a function of absorbing vibration during cutting.

A set of overhaul plain edge arc tangent milling cutter 6 is arranged at the center of the inner sides of the two sets of electric permanent magnet non-contact tools 2; the major wiper edge arc tangent milling cutter 6 is used for milling two symmetrical steel rails (as shown in fig. 10).

In the above embodiment, further: the cutter profile of the major trimming smooth edge arc tangent milling cutter 6 is consistent with the standard section profile of the asymmetric steel rail; the cutter is formed by overlapping five sections of arc tangent profiling blades.

(as shown in fig. 11 (a) - (e)) the profiling blade comprises two rail head mandible 1:3 oblique line blades 601, two arc blades 602 of R8 or R25, five rail web R400 arc blades 603, two rail limbs R20 arc blades 604, and two rail limbs 1:3 multi-line blades 605; the profiling blades are connected into a whole in a mode of smooth transition between tangent lines of a line segment and an arc, between arcs and an arc, and between arcs and a multi-segment line (as shown in figure 10).

When the circular arcs of the profiling blades of all sections are designed, the design and machining deviation is controlled within 5% of the machining tolerance, so that the machining precision of the cutter is improved, the goals of improving the spatial contour precision of the fishtail of the turnout and improving the appearance quality are achieved, and potential safety hazards caused by stress concentration of a cutting surface are avoided.

And a set of online detection devices 7 (shown in figure 2) are respectively installed on the left side and the right side of the numerical control machine tool spindle of the major trimming smooth edge arc tangent milling cutter 6. Each set of on-line detection device 7 corresponds to two steel rails one by one respectively.

In the above embodiment, further: the online detection device 7 comprises an infrared generator 701 and an infrared receiver 702, wherein the infrared generator 701 and the infrared receiver 702 are arranged obliquely above the rail head of the steel rail.

The infrared generator 701 transmits infrared rays to the steel rail to be processed, meanwhile, the infrared receiver 702 collects the spatial position size of the fishtail on the central line of the rail top of the steel rail and the two sides of the rail web of the steel rail, and feeds the spatial contour size of the fishtail of the steel rail with a special section back to an NC control system of a numerical control machine tool in real time, so that the cutting amount of the steel rail is accurately controlled.

The online detection device 7 is connected with an NC control system of the numerical control cutting equipment, and the NC control system is provided with dynamic simulation cutting software.

And dynamic simulation cutting software is utilized to carry out dynamic simulation, and a virtual turnout structure, a virtual machine tool, a virtual tool and a fixture are constructed. The stress state, mechanical deformation, processing stress and thermal stress distribution and change rule of parts and tools in the processing process of the tools are simulated, so that the cutting track of the tools is detected by using infrared rays emitted and received by the online detection device 7, and a tool model with compensation is designed through analysis of a large amount of cutting track data. Through the design of a cutter model with compensation, the contour of the cutter and the contour of a machined workpiece are fed back to an NC control system of the numerical control machine tool in real time by using an online detection device 7 for detecting the contour, and the NC control system of the machine tool is called through a cutter compensation program, so that the precision and the cutting stability of the cutter in the dynamic machining process are improved. The on-line detection device 7 installed on the main shaft of the numerical control planer type milling machine accurately controls the moving quantity of the cutters, accurately controls the cutting quantity of each part and feeds back the cutting quantity on the industrial personal computer in real time. An operator can judge the processing state of the workpiece by observing the measuring track and the measuring data of the processed workpiece, if deviation exists, the parameters of each shaft of the main shaft can be automatically compensated or manually adjusted, and the contour dimension and the appearance quality of the fishtail space of the steel rail are ensured. The precision and the cutting stability of the cutter in the dynamic processing process are ensured.

The utility model discloses a theory of operation does: the whole device is installed on a workbench 1 of an existing numerical control gantry milling machine, and a steel rail is hoisted to the upper end face of an electric permanent magnet sucker 201 of an electric permanent magnet non-contact tool 2 by using a crane before machining. The vertical and accurate positioning of the toe end of the steel rail is realized through the vertical suction force provided by the electric permanent magnetic chuck 201. The lateral oil cylinder 301 of the lateral auxiliary positioning device 3 provides a steel rail lateral required positioning reference from outside to inside to the steel rail web, so that the horizontal clamping and fixing are realized, and the influence of the cutting force of the main shaft on the positioning precision of the workpiece is resisted. The axial positioning of the steel rail is realized through an axial limiting device 5; the accurate clamping and positioning of the other side of the rail bottom of the steel rail from inside to outside are realized through the lateral jacking device 4. On-line measuring device 7 of digit control machine tool main shaft installation, infrared generator 701 is to waiting to process the rail transmission infrared ray, and infrared receiver 702 gathers rail top of rail central line and rail web both sides fishtail spatial position size simultaneously, feeds back special section rail fishtail spatial profile dimension to the NC control system of digit control machine tool with real-time, and then accurate control rail cutting output. The tangent milling cutter 6 of major repair plain edge pitch arc adopts the tangent design principle of the pitch arc of major repair plain edge, improves the machining precision of cutter, reaches the target of improving switch fish tail space profile precision, improvement appearance quality, avoids the potential safety hazard that cutting face stress concentration brought.

From the above description it can be found that: the utility model discloses with many times segmentation cutting, segmentation process of polishing change clamping location into, once wholly mill the shaping, improved product manufacturing accuracy and efficiency greatly. The existing numerical control cutting equipment and the on-line detection and dynamic simulation technology are utilized, the on-site production layout is optimized, the investment of auxiliary polishing equipment is reduced, and the cost is reduced.

The utility model discloses two sets of frocks and the tangent milling cutter of one set of major repair plain-edge pitch arc to accomplish the full profile manufacturing requirement of two rails of bilateral symmetry on a digit control machine tool, adapt to asymmetric rail and mill the manufacturing, avoid designing two sets of frocks and cutters, frequent change equipment and frock in the reducible switch part manufacturing process reduces workman intensity of labour, has improved work efficiency.

The utility model discloses the rail end adopts 2 vertical location of electric permanent magnetism non-contact frock to press from both sides tight tracks, realizes pressing from both sides tight rail, and the axial float does not appear in the resistance cutting power messenger simultaneously, and magnetic conduction piece 201 location can improve the positioning accuracy on the regional vertical direction of rail base slope transmutation, realizes the full section one-time processing of rail, improves rail fishtail space quality and labor efficiency.

The utility model discloses electric permanent magnetism sucking disc 201 of electricity permanent magnetism non-contact frock 2 adjusts horizontal position through horizontal adjustment mechanism 2-1, according to different rail type structural feature, realizes the accurate positioning of various rail type rail foot elevation differences, realizes the displacement adjustment of 2 horizontal directions of electricity permanent magnetism non-contact frock, is favorable to the control of rail quality.

The utility model discloses the tangent milling cutter 6 of major repair plain edge pitch arc adopts the tangent design principle of major repair plain edge pitch arc, reduces the work piece clamping number of times, realizes full section one-time processing, cancels rough machining and the processing mode that manual polishing combined together, alleviates workman intensity of labour, reduces occupational disease's emergence probability. In addition, the five-section arc tangent profiling blade is adopted to replace the original straight blade to be connected, the goal of improving the spatial profile precision of the turnout fishtail is achieved, the probability of rail fracture caused by stress concentration at the joint edge of the rail web during straightening and adjusting of the rail is effectively reduced, the fatigue strength and the operation safety of the turnout rail are improved, and the service life of the turnout is prolonged.

The utility model discloses a dynamic analog simulation technique and on-line measuring technique utilize dynamic analog simulation, found virtual switch structure, virtual lathe and frock, virtual anchor clamps. The stress state, mechanical deformation, processing stress and thermal stress distribution and change rule of parts and tools in the processing process of the tools are simulated, so that the cutting track of the tools is detected by using infrared rays emitted and received by the online detection device 7, and a tool model with compensation is designed through analysis of a large amount of cutting track data. The online monitoring device 7 collects cutter track information in real time and feeds the cutter track information back to a machine tool NC control system, mechanical change rules in the machining process are simulated and fed back in real time, the moving quantity of the cutter and the cutting quantity of each part of the prop are accurately controlled, the cutting quantity is fed back on an industrial personal computer in real time, an operator judges the machining state of the workpiece by observing the measuring track and the measuring data of the machined workpiece, if deviation exists, parameters of each shaft of a main shaft can be automatically compensated or manually adjusted, and the spatial contour dimension and the appearance quality of the steel rail fishtail are ensured. The cutting precision of each part is ensured, the spatial contour dimension and the appearance quality of the fishtail of the steel rail are ensured, and the precision and the cutting stability of the cutter in the dynamic processing process are ensured.

In summary, the utility model adopts the combination of vertical adsorption, lateral positioning and axial positioning, can realize a set of tool to clamp two symmetrical products of a set of turnouts, provides a tool to overcome the workpiece vibration caused by the cutting of the main shaft, and avoids the problems of contour over-cutting, insufficient cutting, processing edge and corner stress concentration and the like caused by local impact between the tool and the workpiece; the processing requirements of the full-section profiles of the asymmetric-section steel rails of different product types are met, and the processing quality and the product percent of pass of the asymmetric-section steel rail profiles are improved. The replacement of the tool and the turnover frequency of the working procedures in the production process are reduced, the full-profile one-time milling manufacturing of the turnout part is realized, the turnover among the working procedures of planing and cutting the steel rail, manually polishing and the like is eliminated, the process layout of a workshop is optimized, and the production efficiency is improved. Meanwhile, the online detection device 7 is used for accurately controlling the cutting amount of the steel rail, so that the profile accuracy of rail parts is effectively ensured, and the problem that the machining quality of fishtail space is influenced by instability deformation, rail limb buckling deformation and the like of the steel rail in machining is avoided; the design requirement of the product is met, and the smoothness of train operation is improved.

It is obvious to a person skilled in the art that the invention is not restricted to details of the above-described exemplary embodiments, but that it can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the invention. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.

Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description is described in terms of one embodiment, this embodiment does not include only a single embodiment, but such description is merely for clarity, and those skilled in the art will recognize that the embodiments described in this embodiment can be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments as would be understood by those skilled in the art.

The above-mentioned embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, so that all equivalent changes made by the contents of the claims of the present invention should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. Asymmetric rail fishtail space machining device, including numerical control planer type milling machine workstation (1), its characterized in that: two sets of electro-permanent-magnet non-contact tools (2) are mounted on the left side and the right side of a platform of the workbench (1), and the electro-permanent-magnet non-contact tools (2) are used for providing vertical suction to two symmetrical steel rails so as to adsorb and position the bottom ends of the steel rails; the bottom of the adsorption platform of the electric permanent magnet non-contact tool (2) is provided with a horizontal adjusting mechanism (2-1) for adjusting the horizontal position of the adsorption platform; the lateral auxiliary positioning devices (3) which are tightly pressed from outside to inside are respectively and horizontally arranged on the outer sides of the electric permanent magnet non-contact type tool (2), and the lateral auxiliary positioning devices (3) are used for accurately positioning the outer side rail webs of the two symmetrical steel rails; the inner sides of the electric permanent magnet non-contact type tools (2) are respectively provided with a side part jacking device (4); the side jacking device (4) is used for positioning and clamping the rail bottoms of two symmetrical steel rails from inside to outside; axial limiting devices (5) are respectively arranged at the axial ends of the electric permanent magnet non-contact type tool (2), and the axial limiting devices (5) are used for axially positioning two symmetrical steel rails; a set of rough-finish plain-edge arc tangent milling cutter (6) is arranged at the centers of the inner sides of the two sets of electric permanent magnet non-contact tools (2); the major trimming smooth edge arc tangent milling cutter (6) is used for milling two symmetrical steel rails; the left side and the right side of a numerical control machine tool spindle of the major trimming plain edge arc tangent milling cutter (6) are respectively provided with a set of online detection device (7); the online detection device (7) is connected with an NC control system of the numerical control cutting equipment, and the NC control system is provided with dynamic simulation cutting software.

2. The asymmetric steel rail fishtail space machining device of claim 1, characterized in that: the electric permanent magnet non-contact tool (2) is provided with an electric permanent magnet sucker (201), the upper end face of a sucker body of the electric permanent magnet sucker (201) is fixedly provided with magnetic conduction blocks (202) arranged in a dot matrix mode through screws, and the magnetic conduction blocks (202) are provided with positioning faces with the inclination of 1:20, 1:40 or 1: 1.

3. The asymmetric steel rail fishtail space machining device of claim 1, characterized in that: the electric permanent magnet non-contact tool (2) is provided with an electric permanent magnet sucker (201), and the electric permanent magnet sucker (201) adjusts the horizontal position through a horizontal adjusting mechanism (2-1); the horizontal adjusting mechanism (2-1) comprises a T-shaped sliding block (203) arranged at the bottom of the electric permanent magnetic chuck (201), and the T-shaped sliding block (203) is in sliding friction fit with a T-shaped sliding groove (205) formed in the top end of a tool base (204); a limiting stop strip (206) is arranged at the end part of the T-shaped sliding groove (205); the tool base (204) and the workbench (1) are fastened and connected into a whole by using a positioning bolt.

4. The asymmetric steel rail fishtail space machining device of claim 1, characterized in that: the electric permanent magnet non-contact type tool (2) is provided with a tool base (204), a positioning sliding block (207) is arranged at the bottom end of the tool base (204), the positioning sliding block (207) is matched with a positioning sliding groove (101) made of a workbench (1) in a sliding friction mode, and the tool base (204) and the workbench (1) are fastened into a whole through positioning bolts.

5. The asymmetric steel rail fishtail space machining device of claim 1, characterized in that: the lateral auxiliary positioning device (3) is provided with a lateral oil cylinder (301), and the clamping execution end of the lateral oil cylinder (301) is provided with a steel rail clamp (302); the steel rail clamping device (302) is of a T-shaped structure, the T-shaped horizontal end of the steel rail clamping device is coaxially and fixedly connected with a piston rod of the lateral oil cylinder (301), and the T-shaped protruding end of the steel rail clamping device is used for tightly propping up a steel rail web.

6. The asymmetric steel rail fishtail space machining device of claim 1, characterized in that: the side jacking device (4) is provided with a fixed block (401), and the fixed block (401) is fixedly connected with the workbench (1) into a whole; the fixed block (401) is provided with a row of multiple spaced and parallel internal thread holes (402) for horizontal positioning, the internal thread holes (402) are screwed and matched with positioning bolts (403), and the positioning end parts of the positioning bolts (403) are used for horizontally pushing and positioning the rail bottom of the steel rail.

7. The asymmetric steel rail fishtail space machining device of claim 1, characterized in that: the axial limiting device (5) is of a cubic block structure, and a rubber cushion layer (501) is arranged on the front end positioning surface of the cubic block.

8. The asymmetric steel rail fishtail space machining device of claim 1, characterized in that: the cutter profile of the major trimming smooth edge arc tangent milling cutter (6) is consistent with the standard section profile of the asymmetric steel rail; the cutter is formed by overlapping five sections of arc tangent profiling blades; the profiling blade comprises a steel rail head mandible 1:3 oblique line blade (601), an R8 or R25 arc blade (602), a rail web R400 arc blade (603), a rail limb R20 arc blade (604) and a rail limb 1:3 multi-segment line blade (605); the profiling blades are connected into a whole in a mode of smooth transition between tangent lines tangent to line segments and circular arcs, circular arcs and circular arcs, and circular arcs and multiple lines.

9. The asymmetric steel rail fishtail space machining device of claim 1, characterized in that: the online detection device (7) comprises an infrared generator (701) and an infrared receiver (702), wherein the infrared generator (701) and the infrared receiver (702) are arranged above the steel rail head in an inclined mode.

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