CN214199417U

CN214199417U - Blanching and hot air vacuum combined drying processing equipment integrated with solar energy

Info

Publication number: CN214199417U
Application number: CN202120117571.9U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 袁越锦; 王磊; 王栋; 徐英英; 曹博涛; 卢禹铭
Original assignee: Shaanxi University of Science and Technology
Current assignee: Shaanxi University of Science and Technology
Priority date: 2021-01-14
Filing date: 2021-01-14
Publication date: 2021-09-14
Anticipated expiration: 2031-01-14

Abstract

The utility model discloses an integrated solar energy scalds and floats and hot-blast vacuum combination drying processing equipment, including steam scald and float the system, the hot air drying system, vacuum drying system and control system, adopt solar energy to scald and float and the required hot water of vacuum drying heats steam, heat the required hot-blast heating of hot air drying, and be equipped with corresponding supplementary electrical heating, under the not enough condition of solar energy night or overcast and rainy day, still can normally work, control system adopts principal and subordinate machine system structure to accomplish the collection and the control of drying process data, the host computer adopts the touch-sensitive screen, mainly be used for control flap, the pump, the fan, the opening of supplementary electric heating pipe stops, the data in monitoring and the control scald and the drying process. The utility model discloses also solved traditional drying method when realizing automatic operation and polluted big, the high problem of energy consumption, processing equipment still can continue work when solar energy is not enough, has guaranteed work efficiency in the time of the energy can be saved, has also guaranteed the quality of dry product.

Description

Blanching and hot air vacuum combined drying processing equipment integrated with solar energy

Technical Field

The utility model relates to an agricultural product processing technology field, concretely relates to integrated solar energy scalds and floats and hot-blast vacuum combination drying process equipment.

Background

Solar energy is used as renewable energy, and has rich resources and little environmental pollution. Under the conditions that fossil fuels are gradually reduced and environmental pollution is more and more serious, solar energy becomes an important component of energy used by human beings. Drying is an important processing mode of agricultural products, but the traditional agricultural products are dried by hot air mostly, so that the pollution is great.

Due to the existence of enzymes in agricultural products, enzymatic browning is easy to occur during drying, the color and the quality of the agricultural products are affected, and the enzymatic browning is particularly obvious during hot air drying, so that the commodity value of the dried products is seriously affected; the waxy layer on the surface of many agricultural products can inhibit the loss of water in the agricultural products, and greatly prolong the drying time.

Blanching is an important pretreatment mode for processing agricultural products, and enzyme can be inactivated by blanching pretreatment, so that the agricultural products are prevented from discoloring in the processing process; after the agricultural products are subjected to blanching pretreatment, the wax layer on the surface can be damaged, and the drying time is greatly shortened.

Common blanching pretreatment methods include hot water blanching, steam blanching and chemical dipping methods, and a large amount of wastewater can be generated after the blanching pretreatment and the chemical dipping methods, so that the environmental pollution is caused.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In order to overcome the not enough of above-mentioned prior art, the utility model provides an integrated solar energy scalds and floats and hot-blast vacuum combination drying processing equipment, and solar energy combines the electrothermal tube auxiliary heating, provides the required hot-blast of hot-air drying, the required hot water of vacuum drying, has solved traditional drying means and has polluted big, the high problem of energy consumption, scalds and floats preliminary treatment and hot-blast vacuum combination drying technique, has improved dry product quality, has shortened drying time greatly.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:

a solar energy integrated blanching and hot air vacuum combined drying processing device comprises a drying cavity, wherein a material frame is arranged in the center of the inside of the drying cavity, a plurality of material discs are distributed on the material frame, an air flow distribution chamber is arranged on one side of the inside of the drying cavity, an air return chamber is arranged on the other side of the inside of the drying cavity, a plurality of nozzles which are right opposite to the material discs are arranged on one side of the air flow distribution chamber, a plurality of suction nozzles which are right opposite to the air return chamber are arranged on one side of the air return chamber, the other side of the air flow distribution chamber is connected to a steam generator on the outer side of the drying cavity through a steam pipeline, and the other side of the air return chamber is connected to a vacuum pump on the outer side of the drying cavity through a vacuum pipeline;

the top of the air flow distribution chamber is connected to a second solar heat collector through a hot air inlet pipeline, the top of the air return chamber is connected to the second solar heat collector through a hot air return pipeline, and a chamber of the second solar heat collector is connected to the centrifugal fan;

the material rack and the material tray are of a hollow communicating structure, an inlet and an outlet are formed in the material rack, the inlet is connected to the heat-preservation water tank through a hot water inlet pipeline, and a first solar heat collector is arranged between the inlet and the outlet of the heat-preservation water tank;

the steam pipeline is provided with a first electromagnetic valve and a fourth stop valve, the hot water inlet pipeline is provided with a fifth stop valve, the hot water return pipeline is provided with a third stop valve, the hot air inlet pipeline is provided with a first stop valve, the hot air return pipeline is provided with a second stop valve, and the vacuum pipeline is provided with a pressure release valve and a second electromagnetic valve.

Furthermore, a solar heat collector water pump and a temperature control valve are arranged on an outlet pipeline of the heat preservation water tank, and a drying cavity hot water circulating pump is arranged on the hot water return pipeline.

Furthermore, a first electric heating pipe is arranged on the hot air inlet pipeline, and a second electric heating pipe is arranged in the heat-preservation water tank.

Further, be provided with temperature sensor in the heat preservation water tank, be provided with temperature and humidity sensor and pressure sensor on the inside wall of drying chamber.

Further, a control cabinet is connected to the drying chamber.

Furthermore, an air supply fan is arranged on the hot air inlet pipeline, and a moisture exhaust fan is arranged on the hot air return pipeline.

Furthermore, a plurality of wind shields are arranged in the second solar collector, and the adjacent wind shields are arranged in a staggered mode.

Further, the hot air inlet pipeline and the hot air return pipeline are connected to a second solar heat collector through a third electromagnetic valve.

Further, a bearing beam is arranged on the outer side of the drying chamber in the circumferential direction.

Further, a heat insulation layer is arranged on the outer side of the drying chamber.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses following profitable technological effect has:

the utility model provides a solar energy integrated blanching and hot air vacuum combined drying processing device, which utilizes solar energy to provide hot air required by hot air drying and hot water required by vacuum drying, and solves the problems of large pollution and high energy consumption of the traditional drying mode; the color and quality of the agricultural products in the drying process are ensured by adopting a steam blanching pretreatment method and a hot air vacuum combined drying method, and the drying time can be greatly shortened after the steam blanching pretreatment; the steam and hot air uniformity in the blanching and drying processes is improved by adopting the air flow distribution chamber to distribute blanching steam and drying hot air, and in the hot air drying process, the hot air enters the air flow distribution chamber from the top, passes through the drying chamber and is absorbed by the air return chamber and returns to the centrifugal fan to form a complete hot air circulation loop.

Furthermore, a moisture exhaust fan and an air supply fan are arranged on the hot air circulation pipeline, if the humidity in the drying cavity reaches a set value, the moisture exhaust fan automatically opens the moisture exhaust, and the air supply fan automatically supplies air, so that the utilization rate of high-humidity gas is improved, and the method has practical significance in the aspects of energy conservation, environmental protection and the like.

Further, the utility model discloses an electric heating pipe assists solar heating, under the not enough condition of solar energy at night or overcast and rainy day, still can normally work, can realize 24 hours continuous drying to the agricultural product material of dry cycle length.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the solar energy integrated blanching and hot air vacuum combined drying processing equipment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a layout view of the hot air duct of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a top sectional view of the inside of the drying chamber according to the present invention.

Wherein, 1, a first solar heat collector, 2, a heat preservation water tank, 3, a steam generator, 4, a first electromagnetic valve, 5, a first stop valve, 6, a hot air inlet pipeline, 7, an air supply fan, 8, a first electric heating pipe, 9, a centrifugal fan, 10, a moisture exhaust fan, 11, a hot air return pipeline, 12, a second stop valve, 13, a pressure release valve, 14, a second electromagnetic valve, 15, a vacuum pipeline, 16, a vacuum pump, 17, a control cabinet, 18, a bearing beam, 19, a heat preservation layer, 20, an air return chamber, 21, a material rack, 22, a material tray, 23, a drying chamber, 24, a hot water return pipeline, 25, an air flow distribution chamber, 26, a hot water inlet pipeline, 27, a third stop valve, 28, a fourth stop valve, 29, a fifth stop valve, 30, a hot water circulating pump of the drying chamber, 31, a steam pipeline, 32, a second electric heating pipe, 33, a temperature sensor, 34. the solar heat collector comprises a solar heat collector water pump, 35, a temperature control valve, 36, a second solar heat collector, 37, a wind shield, 38, a third electromagnetic valve, 39, a temperature and humidity sensor and 40, a pressure sensor.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail below.

Referring to fig. 1 to 3, a solar-integrated blanching and hot air vacuum combined drying processing device includes a steam blanching system, a hot air drying system, a vacuum drying system and a control system, wherein:

the steam blanching system provides steam to carry out blanching pretreatment stage work of the equipment;

the hot air drying system provides hot air to work in a hot air drying stage of the equipment;

the vacuum drying system provides hot water and a vacuum environment to carry out vacuum drying stage work of the equipment;

the control system is mainly used for controlling the starting and stopping of the valve, the pump, the fan and the auxiliary electric heating pipe, monitoring and controlling data in the blanching and drying processes, and finishing the acquisition and control of data in the drying process.

Steam scald and float system in, first solenoid valve 4, solar collector water pump 34, temperature control valve 35, fourth stop valve 28 are opened, steam generator 3 compression produces the steam of settlement temperature and settlement pressure, the high temperature high pressure steam of production gets into air current distribution chamber 25 by steam conduit 31, spout by the bar nozzle of air current distribution chamber 25 behind evenly distributed, scald and float the material on the material dish 22, scald and float the in-process, if pressure sensor 40 measures 23 internal pressure too high in drying chamber, relief valve 13 opens and carries out exhaust pressure release.

In the hot air drying system, the electromagnetic valve 38, the first stop valve 5 and the second stop valve 12 are opened, air enters the second solar heat collector 36 for heating under the action of the centrifugal fan 9, the time of the air in the second solar heat collector 36 is prolonged through the wind shield 37, the air enters the airflow distribution chamber 25 from the upper part of the drying chamber 23 through the hot air inlet pipeline 6, the hot air is uniformly distributed and then sprayed into the drying chamber 23 through the strip-shaped nozzles on the airflow distribution chamber 25 to heat materials on the material tray 22, the hot air returns to the centrifugal fan 9 through the hot air return pipeline 11 from the air return chamber 21 to form a hot air circulation loop, the temperature and humidity sensor 39 detects the temperature and the humidity in the drying chamber 23, the temperature in the drying chambers 23 reaches a set value, the third electromagnetic valve 38 is automatically closed, the humidity in the drying chambers 23 reaches a set value, the moisture exhaust fan 10 is automatically opened, and (5) dehumidifying, and opening a corresponding air supply fan 7 to supply air.

In the vacuum drying system, the second electromagnetic valve 14, the drying cavity hot water circulating pump 30, the solar collector water pump 34, the temperature control valve 35, the third stop valve 27 and the fifth stop valve 29 are opened, hot water in the heat preservation water tank 2 is heated by the first solar collector 1 and then is introduced into the material rack 21 through the hot water inlet pipe 26 (the temperature of the hot water is controlled by the temperature control valve 35), the temperature in the drying cavity 23 reaches a set value through measurement of the temperature and humidity sensor 39, the drying cavity hot water circulating pump 30 and the third stop valve 27 are closed, the vacuum pump 16 is opened to vacuumize the drying cavity 23, the vacuum degree is measured by the pressure sensor 40, when the vacuum degree reaches the set value, the material in the material tray 22 is heated by the hot water in the material rack 21 and is measured by the temperature and humidity sensor 39, the temperature in the drying cavity 23 is lower than the set value in the vacuum state, the third stop valve 27 and the drying cavity hot water circulating pump 30 are opened, supplying hot water, returning the hot water with low temperature and set temperature to the heat preservation water tank 2 through the hot water return pipeline 24 under the action of the hot water circulating pump 30 of the drying cavity, continuously heating the hot water by the first solar heat collector 1 under the action of the water pump 34 of the solar heat collector to form a hot water circulating loop, stopping the vacuum pump 16 after the vacuum drying is finished, and opening the pressure release valve 13 to release the pressure.

In the control system, a master-slave machine system structure is adopted to complete the collection and control of drying process data, the master machine is a touch screen, the control cabinet 17 is assembled, the parameter setting of the equipment during working is mainly completed through the touch screen on the control cabinet 17, the equipment is automatically controlled through the set parameters, the data in the blanching and drying processes are monitored and controlled, and the automatic operation of the whole equipment is realized.

The utility model discloses utilize solar energy to provide the required hot-blast of hot-air drying, the required hot water of vacuum drying, it is big to have solved traditional hot-air drying pollution, the problem that the energy consumption is high, adopt the heating of electric heating pipe auxiliary solar energy, under the night or the not enough condition of overcast and rainy day solar energy, hot air temperature can not reach the setting value during hot-air drying, supplementary first electric heating pipe 8 is opened, heat hot-blast, hot water temperature can not reach the setting value during vacuum drying, supplementary second electric heating pipe 32 is opened, heat hot water, equipment still can normally work, can realize 24 hours continuous drying to the agricultural product material of drying cycle length, work efficiency has also been guaranteed in the time of the energy saving.

The utility model discloses a steam scalds and floats pretreatment methods and hot-blast vacuum combination drying method, has guaranteed colour and luster and feel among the agricultural product drying process, has also shortened the drying time greatly after the steam scalds and floats pretreatment.

The utility model discloses an air current distribution room 25 distribution scalds steam and dry hot-blast, steam and hot-blast homogeneity in blanching and the drying process have been improved, and in the hot air drying process, hot-blast from the top entering air current distribution room 25, in dry cavity 23, absorb back to centrifugal fan 9 by return-air chamber 20 again, form a complete heated air circulation return circuit, moisture exhausting fan 10 and tonifying qi fan 7 have been arranged on the heated air circulation pipeline, if humidity reaches the setting value in the dry cavity, moisture exhausting fan opens the hydrofuge automatically, the automatic tonifying qi of tonifying qi fan, hot-blast utilization ratio has been improved, and is energy-conserving, the aspect such as environmental protection has realistic meaning.

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

A solar-integrated blanching and hot air vacuum combined drying processing device comprises a steam blanching system, a hot air drying system, a vacuum drying system and a control system.

In the steam blanching system, a first electromagnetic valve 4, a temperature control valve 35, a solar heat collector water pump 34 and a fourth stop valve 28 are opened, a steam generator 3 generates steam with set temperature and set pressure, the generated high-temperature and high-pressure steam enters an airflow distribution chamber 25 through a steam pipeline 31, the steam is sprayed out through a bar-shaped nozzle of the airflow distribution chamber 25 after being uniformly distributed, materials on a material tray 22 are blanched, and if a pressure sensor 40 measures that the pressure in a drying chamber 23 is too high, a pressure release valve 13 is opened to perform exhaust and pressure relief.

In the hot air drying system, a third electromagnetic valve 38, a first stop valve 5 and a second stop valve 12 are opened, air enters a second solar heat collector 36 for heating under the action of a centrifugal fan 9, the time of the air in the second solar heat collector 36 is prolonged through a wind shield 37, the air enters an airflow distribution chamber 25 from the upper part of a drying chamber 23 through a hot air inlet pipeline 6, the hot air is uniformly distributed and then sprayed into the drying chamber 23 through a strip-shaped nozzle on the airflow distribution chamber 25 to heat materials on a material tray 22, the hot air returns to the centrifugal fan 9 through a hot air return pipeline 11 from an air return chamber 21 to form a hot air circulation loop, a temperature and humidity sensor 39 detects the temperature and the humidity in the drying chamber 23, the temperature in a plurality of drying chambers 23 reaches a set value, the third electromagnetic valve 38 is automatically closed, the humidity in a plurality of drying chambers 23 reaches a set value, and a moisture exhaust fan 10 is automatically opened, and (5) dehumidifying, and opening a corresponding air supply fan 7 to supply air.

In the vacuum drying system, a second electromagnetic valve 14, a drying cavity hot water circulating pump 30, a solar heat collector water pump 34, a temperature control valve 35, a third stop valve 27 and a fifth stop valve 29 are opened, hot water in a heat preservation water tank 2 is heated by a first solar heat collector 1 (the temperature of the hot water is controlled by the temperature control valve 35), the hot water is introduced into a material rack 21 through a hot water inlet pipeline 26, the temperature in a drying chamber 23 reaches a set value through measurement of a temperature and humidity sensor 39, the drying cavity hot water circulating pump 30 and the third stop valve 27 are closed, a vacuum pump 16 is started to vacuumize the drying chamber 23, the vacuum degree is measured by a pressure sensor 40, when the vacuum degree reaches the set value, materials in a material tray 22 are heated through the hot water in the material rack 21 (the material rack 21 adopts a stainless steel round pipe material, the hot water flows into the material rack 21 through a hot water pipeline to heat the material tray 22, the temperature in the drying chamber 23 is lower than a set value under the vacuum state measured by the temperature and humidity sensor 39, the third stop valve 27 and the drying chamber hot water circulating pump 30 are opened to supply hot water, the hot water lower than the set temperature returns to the heat preservation water tank 2 through the hot water return pipeline 24 under the action of the drying chamber hot water circulating pump 30, the hot water is continuously heated by the first solar heat collector 1 under the action of the solar heat collector water pump 34 to form a hot water circulating loop, after the vacuum drying is finished, the vacuum pump 16 stops working, and the pressure release valve 13 is opened to release the pressure.

The control system adopts a master-slave machine system structure to complete the collection and control of drying process data, the master machine is a touch screen and is assembled into a control cabinet 17, the parameter setting of the equipment during working is mainly completed through the touch screen on the control cabinet 17, such as blanching time, blanching steam temperature, drying hot air temperature, hot air drying time, drying hot water temperature, vacuum drying temperature and the like, the equipment is automatically controlled through the set parameters, for example, when blanching is started, a first electromagnetic valve 4, a solar collector water pump 34 and a fourth stop valve 28 are opened, the blanching time reaches a set value, the first electromagnetic valve 4, the solar collector water pump 34 and the fourth stop valve 28 are closed, if blanching is finished, hot air drying is carried out, according to the preset parameters, a third electromagnetic valve 38, a first stop valve 5 and a second stop valve 12 are opened to carry out hot air drying, and data in the blanching and drying processes can also be monitored and controlled, the automatic operation of the whole equipment is realized.

The utility model discloses an electric heating pipe assists solar heating, under night or the cloudy rainy day not enough condition of solar energy, hot air temperature can not reach the setting value during hot air drying, supplementary first electric heating pipe 8 is opened, heat hot-blast, hot water temperature can not reach the setting value during vacuum drying, supplementary second electric heating pipe 32 is opened, heat hot water, equipment still can normally work, can realize 24 hours continuous drying to the agricultural product material of drying cycle length, work efficiency has also been guaranteed in the time of the energy saving.

Claims

1. The integrated solar blanching and hot air vacuum combined drying processing equipment is characterized by comprising a drying chamber (23), wherein a material rack (21) is arranged at the center inside the drying chamber (23), a plurality of material trays (22) are distributed on the material rack (21), an air flow distribution chamber (25) is arranged on one side inside the drying chamber (23), an air return chamber (20) is arranged on the other side, a plurality of nozzles which are right opposite to the material trays (22) are arranged on one side of the air flow distribution chamber (25), a plurality of suction nozzles which are right opposite to the air return chamber (20) are arranged on one side of the air return chamber (20), the other side of the air flow distribution chamber (25) is connected to a steam generator (3) on the outer side of the drying chamber (23) through a steam pipeline (31), and the other side of the air return chamber (20) is connected to a vacuum pump (16) on the outer side of the drying chamber (23) through a vacuum pipeline (15);

the top of the air flow distribution chamber (25) is connected to a second solar heat collector (36) through a hot air inlet pipeline (6), the top of the air return chamber (20) is connected to the second solar heat collector (36) through a hot air return pipeline (11), and the chamber of the second solar heat collector (36) is connected to a centrifugal fan (9);

the material rack (21) and the material tray (22) are of a hollow communicating structure, an inlet and an outlet are arranged on the material rack (21), the inlet is connected to the heat-preservation water tank (2) through a hot water inlet pipeline (26), the outlet is connected to the heat-preservation water tank (2) through a hot water return pipeline (24), and a first solar heat collector (1) is arranged between the inlet and the outlet of the heat-preservation water tank (2);

be provided with first solenoid valve (4) and fourth stop valve (28) on steam conduit (31), be provided with fifth stop valve (29) on hot water inlet pipe (26), be provided with third stop valve (27) on hot water return water pipeline (24), be provided with first stop valve (5) on hot-blast inlet line (6), be provided with second stop valve (12) on hot-blast return air pipeline (11), be provided with relief valve (13) and second solenoid valve (14) on vacuum pipeline (15).

2. The integrated solar blanching and hot air vacuum combined drying processing equipment according to claim 1, wherein a solar heat collector water pump (34) and a temperature control valve (35) are arranged on an outlet pipeline of the heat preservation water tank (2), and a drying cavity hot water circulating pump (30) is arranged on the hot water return pipeline (24).

3. The integrated solar blanching and hot air vacuum combined drying processing equipment according to claim 1, wherein a first electric heating pipe (8) is arranged on the hot air inlet pipeline (6), and a second electric heating pipe (32) is arranged in the heat preservation water tank (2).

4. The integrated solar blanching and hot air vacuum combined drying processing equipment according to claim 1, wherein a temperature sensor (33) is arranged in the heat preservation water tank (2), and a temperature and humidity sensor (39) and a pressure sensor (40) are arranged on the inner side wall of the drying chamber (23).

5. The integrated solar blanching and hot air vacuum combined drying processing equipment according to claim 1, wherein a control cabinet (17) is connected to the drying chamber (23).

6. The integrated solar blanching and hot air vacuum combined drying processing equipment according to claim 1, wherein an air supply fan (7) is arranged on the hot air inlet pipeline (6), and a moisture exhausting fan (10) is arranged on the hot air return pipeline (11).

7. The integrated solar blanching and hot air vacuum combined drying processing equipment according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of wind deflectors (37) are arranged in the second solar heat collector (36), and adjacent wind deflectors (37) are arranged in a staggered mode.

8. The integrated solar blanching and hot air vacuum combined drying processing equipment according to claim 1, wherein the hot air inlet duct (6) and the hot air return duct (11) are connected to a second solar collector (36) through a third solenoid valve (38).

9. The integrated solar blanching and hot air vacuum combined drying processing equipment according to claim 1, wherein a bearing beam (18) is circumferentially arranged outside the drying chamber (23).

10. The integrated solar blanching and hot air vacuum combined drying processing equipment according to claim 1, wherein an insulating layer (19) is arranged outside the drying chamber (23).