CN214173701U - Wind-wind sensitive structure-foundation coupling synchronous test system based on wind tunnel - Google Patents
Wind-wind sensitive structure-foundation coupling synchronous test system based on wind tunnel Download PDFInfo
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- CN214173701U CN214173701U CN202022317997.7U CN202022317997U CN214173701U CN 214173701 U CN214173701 U CN 214173701U CN 202022317997 U CN202022317997 U CN 202022317997U CN 214173701 U CN214173701 U CN 214173701U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a wind-wind sensitive structure-foundation coupling synchronous test system based on wind tunnel, which comprises a wind sensitive structure, a simulation foundation, an acceleration sensor, a camera, a laser displacement sensor, a force measuring device, a dynamic signal analyzer and other test equipment, wherein the wind sensitive structure comprises an upper structure and a foundation structure; the test system is combined with an atmospheric boundary layer wind tunnel; the upper structure is fixedly connected with the foundation structure and then is embedded in the simulated foundation; correspondingly arranging equipment such as an acceleration sensor, a force measuring device, a laser displacement sensor and the like according to measurement requirements; the dynamic signal analyzer is used as a data acquisition and analysis center, and each measuring channel is respectively connected with a corresponding testing device, an instrument and the like. The utility model provides a synchronous test system of coupling can consider wind load, foundation structure and simulation ground simultaneously to the influence of wind sensitive structure, can simulate the structure dynamic characteristic of the sensitive structure of air-out under the wind load effect moreover.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a structure dynamic characteristic test system of structure under the wind load effect especially relates to a wind-wind sensitive structure-ground coupling synchronous test system based on wind-tunnel.
Background
Buildings such as high-rise buildings, high-rise structures (such as wind driven generators, power transmission towers, wireless communication signal relay towers and the like) and large-span structures (such as cable-stayed bridges, convention and exhibition centers and gymnasiums) built on the ground belong to wind sensitive structures. Under the action of wind load, the wind sensitive structure can vibrate, and due to the fluid-solid coupling effect and the coupling effect between the structure and the foundation, the dynamic characteristics of the structure are complex and can be changed, so that the response and the safety of the wind sensitive structure of the structure are influenced. Therefore, it is very important to ensure the structural safety of the wind sensitive structure to correctly grasp the structural dynamic characteristics of the wind sensitive structure.
Most scholars do not consider the coupling effect of the wind sensitive structure and the foundation when researching the structural dynamic characteristics of the wind sensitive structure, only simply research the interaction between the structure and wind load, and the research does not accurately simulate the actual structural characteristics and the working environment of the structure.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
Based on the above problem, the utility model aims to solve the problem that a wind-sensitive structure-ground coupling synchronous test system based on wind-tunnel is provided, this system simulates the structure dynamic characteristic of wind-sensitive structure-ground coupling effect down through atmospheric boundary layer wind-tunnel, scale structure model, simulation ground.
The technical scheme of the utility model as follows:
a wind-wind sensitive structure-foundation coupling synchronous test system based on a wind tunnel comprises a wind sensitive structure, a simulation foundation, an acceleration sensor, a camera, a laser displacement sensor, a force measuring device and a dynamic signal analyzer, wherein the wind sensitive structure comprises an upper structure and a foundation structure; the test system is combined with an atmospheric boundary layer wind tunnel; wherein:
the simulation foundation is positioned in a sinking tunnel body of the wind tunnel ground of the atmospheric boundary layer;
the lower end of the foundation structure is buried in the simulated foundation, and the upper end of the foundation structure is exposed outside the simulated foundation and is fixedly connected with the lower end of the upper structure along the vertical direction;
the force measuring device is arranged on the structure and used for measuring stress and bending moment generated by each part of the structure under the action of simulating atmospheric boundary wind load;
the camera is arranged on the surface of the simulated foundation, and a lens of the camera is aligned with the junction of the foundation structure and the surface of the simulated foundation and is used for shooting the lateral displacement and/or the vertical displacement of the foundation structure under the action of the wind load of the simulated atmosphere boundary and the deformation of the surface of the simulated foundation;
the laser displacement sensors are more than two in number, are respectively arranged near the top end of the upper structure and on the surface of the simulated foundation and are used for measuring the downwind direction and the transverse wind direction displacement of the upper structure and the foundation structure under the action of the wind load of the air boundary simulated by the wind tunnel;
the number of the acceleration sensors is more than two, the acceleration sensors are arranged on the upper structure at intervals along the vertical direction and are used for measuring acceleration time courses of the upper structure under the action of wind loads;
the dynamic signal analyzer is respectively connected with the laser displacement sensor, the camera, the force measuring device and the acceleration sensor and is used for collecting and analyzing related data so as to research the structural dynamic characteristics of the wind sensitive structure.
The coupling synchronous test system is characterized in that the simulation foundation is filled in a soil barrel, a drainage pipeline is arranged at the bottom of the soil barrel, and the soil barrel is arranged in the sinking hole body.
The coupling synchronous test system is characterized in that a scale value is arranged on the surface of the base structure along the vertical direction, and the scale value is taken millimeter as the minimum scale unit.
The coupling synchronous test system is characterized in that the force measuring device is a force measuring balance, a force measuring unit or a strain gauge.
The coupling synchronous test system is characterized in that the laser displacement sensor comprises an upper structure laser displacement sensor and a base structure laser displacement sensor.
The coupling synchronous test system is characterized in that the number of the upper structure laser displacement sensors is two, the two upper structure laser displacement sensors are arranged above the ground of the wind tunnel of the atmospheric boundary layer, one of the two upper structure laser displacement sensors is arranged along the downwind direction and is located behind the upper structure, and the other one of the two upper structure laser displacement sensors is arranged along the crosswind direction and is located on the side face of the upper structure.
The coupling synchronous test system is characterized in that the number of the basic structure laser displacement sensors is three, the basic structure laser displacement sensors are arranged above the surface of a simulated foundation and below the ground of a wind tunnel, one of the basic structure laser displacement sensors is arranged along the transverse wind direction, and the other two basic structure laser displacement sensors are vertically arranged along the vertical direction and are arranged behind the basic structure along the downwind direction.
The coupling synchronous test system further comprises a cover plate which is used for being matched with and covering the sunken hole body, and the upper surface of the cover plate is flush with the ground of the wind tunnel.
In the coupling synchronous test system, the cover plate is provided with a central through hole and a threading hole, and the upper structure is fixedly connected with the base structure and then penetrates through the central through hole; and the dynamic signal analyzer is respectively connected with the laser displacement sensor, the camera, the force measuring device and the acceleration sensor by a data line penetrating through the threading hole.
The coupling synchronous test system is characterized in that the cover plate is symmetrically divided into two parts along the diameter direction.
The utility model provides an use wind-wind sensitive structure-ground coupling synchronous test system of wind-tunnel as basis can consider wind load, foundation structure and simulation ground simultaneously to the holistic dynamic characteristics's of wind sensitive structure influence, realizes the simulation to the complicated structural feature and the load characteristic of wind sensitive structure such as bridge tower, transmission line tower, aerogenerator and obtains relevant structural dynamic characteristics test data. Designing and determining a reduced-scale wind sensitive structure, a foundation structure, a simulated foundation and the like in the test according to the similar criteria by the wind load, the wind sensitive structure form, the foundation parameters and the like of the entity structure; the coupling synchronous test system improves the simulation degree of the test and the comprehensiveness and accuracy of the test result; the coupling synchronous test system simulates the structural dynamic characteristics of the air-out sensitive structure under the action of wind load through a simple and convenient coupling synchronous test, so that the research and design of the entity wind sensitive structure are facilitated.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a wind-wind sensitive structure-foundation coupling synchronous test system based on uniform flow atmospheric boundary wind blown out from a wind tunnel according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a wind-wind sensitive structure-foundation coupling synchronous test system based on wind shear atmospheric boundary wind blown from a wind tunnel according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a partial enlarged view of portion B of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the wind-wind sensitive structure-foundation coupling synchronous test system of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a cross-section of a wind tunnel;
6A, 6B, 6C are schematic structural diagrams of foundation structure buried depth simulation foundation sections;
fig. 7 is a schematic view of a cover plate structure.
Detailed Description
The following describes the preferred embodiments of the present invention in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The structure of the present invention generally refers to high-rise buildings (e.g., skyscrapers), high-rise structures (e.g., wind power generators, high voltage towers, wireless communication signal towers, etc.), large-span structures (e.g., cable-stayed bridges, exhibition centers, gymnasiums), etc. which are built on the ground.
In this embodiment, a wind turbine (including a superstructure, a substructure, and a fan device) is used as a wind sensitive structure, and a wind tunnel-based wind-wind sensitive structure-foundation coupling synchronous test system is explained in detail. The utility model discloses well wind-tunnel that adopts is the atmospheric boundary layer wind-tunnel.
As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 4, a wind-tunnel-based wind-wind sensitive structure-foundation coupling synchronous test system comprises a wind turbine device 24, a structure, a simulated foundation 15, an acceleration sensor 203, a camera 151, a laser displacement sensor, a force measuring device 12 and a dynamic signal analyzer 16; wherein the wind sensitive structure comprises a superstructure 23 and a substructure 14.
The test system is positioned in a wind tunnel 21, as shown in fig. 5, the wind tunnel 21 of the atmospheric boundary layer is positioned in a closed pipeline with a double-layer sealed space, and a gap is arranged between an inner layer 2111 and an outer layer 2112, which is a wind-air flow circulation channel 211. That is, a large fan (not shown in the figure) is arranged in the wind-air circulation channel 211, the fan rotates in the wind-air circulation channel 211 to blow the air in the wind-air circulation channel 211 to form a strong air flow, that is, a strong wind, and the strong wind enters the wind tunnel 21 of the atmospheric boundary layer through the wind-air circulation channel 211 to provide a simulated wind load for the upper structure 23.
A sinking hole body 110 is dug under the ground at the center of the test section of the atmospheric boundary layer wind tunnel 21, and the simulated foundation 15 is arranged in the sinking hole body 110. The configuration of the sinking hole body 110 may be a circle, a square or a regular polygon. The sinking hole body 110 has a diameter of 0.5-2 m and a depth of 0.4-1.5 m. In the present embodiment, the shape of the sinking hole body 110 is preferably circular, and the sinking hole body has a diameter of 1m and a depth of 0.62 m. The diameter and depth of the sinking hole body 110 can be adjusted and set adaptively according to the actual requirements of different wind sensitive structures.
The simulated foundation 15 is a soil body obtained by adopting sand and/or soil to simulate landfill according to the actual ground environment. For the soil basic parameters of the simulated foundation 15, the adaptation adjustment is required according to the actual foundation soil parameters of different wind sensitive structures.
To facilitate removal of simulated foundation 15, addition of sand and/or soil, etc., in this embodiment simulated foundation 15 is packed in a bucket 13. Then the soil barrel 13 is placed in the sinking hole body 110 simulating the ground 11, that is to say the soil barrel 13 is fixed below the ground of the wind tunnel test section of the atmospheric boundary layer. The diameter of the opening of the soil barrel 13 is 0.6-0.8 times of the outer diameter of the sinking hole body 110, and the height of the soil barrel 13 is about 0.7-0.95 times of the depth of the sinking hole body 110. Preferably, the diameter of the soil barrel 13 is 0.6 m; the height of the soil barrel 13 is 0.6 m. A certain space, namely 0.2m, is reserved between the side wall of the soil barrel 13 and the inner wall of the sinking hole body 110, and the reserved space can be used as a channel for facilitating personnel to install corresponding equipment, instruments and the like, and is convenient for hoisting and removing the soil barrel 15; the height of the soil barrel 13 is slightly lower than the depth of the sinking hole body 110, and a space can be reserved for covering the pit opening of the sinking hole body 110.
Further, as shown in fig. 4, in order to increase the rigidity of the soil barrel 13 and enhance the restraining effect on the soil body, a plurality of steel stiffening ribs 133 are arranged on the outer wall of the soil barrel 13 along the vertical direction or the height direction for reinforcing the soil barrel 13.
During the manufacturing process of the simulated foundation 15, sand and/or soil are pre-prepared to provide simulated foundations 15 with different compactness, different water content and different soil body types. The drain valve 1311 on the drain pipe 131 at the bottom of the soil barrel 13 is used to simulate drainage during soil preparation of the foundation 15.
Still further, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, in order to increase the stability of the soil barrel 13 under the action of the wind load and reduce the disturbance of the wind tunnel operation vibration to the soil body, a layer of hard rubber pad 132 is padded at the bottom of the soil barrel 13 to reduce the influence of the soil body disturbance to the test.
In the coupled synchronous test system, the foundation structure 14 may be a fixing pile of a columnar structure, also called a monopile, and the cross section of the fixing pile may be a circle, a square, an ellipse, other regular polygons or other irregular polygons. In the embodiment, the single pile with the round cross section is preferred, because the round columnar structure is simple, the processing and the manufacturing are convenient, and the application is wide; the material of the base structure 14 may be forged steel, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, wood, or the like, and preferably, aluminum alloy, which has light weight and high hardness, is easily designed for its rigidity according to the similar criteria. The base structure 14 may be a solid cylinder or a hollow cylinder, with a hollow cylinder being preferred in this embodiment.
In other embodiments, as shown in FIG. 6A, the base structure 14 may be a common base structure having a planar bottom surface; as shown in fig. 6B and 6C, the foundation structure 14 may also be formed by a plurality of piles 141 with the same configuration, such as two piles, three piles, etc., in which case the foundation structure 14 may be referred to as a multi-pile foundation structure; as shown in fig. 1 and 2, foundation structure 14 may also be formed of a pile body 141, in this case referred to as a mono-pile foundation structure.
The depth of the lower end of the foundation structure 14 vertically fixed and buried in the simulated foundation 15 needs to be determined according to the prototype structure, and generally speaking, the ratio of the deep buried depth of the foundation structure 14 in the simulated foundation 15 to the diameter of the foundation structure 14 is 5-7: 1, and is similar to the prototype structure. Considering that the diameter of the lower end of the prototype foundation structure is generally 6m, and the actual depth of the lower end of the prototype foundation structure embedded into the soil is about 40 m; in the synchronous coupling test system of this embodiment, the length of the foundation structure 14 is 0.5m, the diameter is 0.06m, and the depth into the simulated foundation 15 is 0.4 m. In other embodiments, the ratio of the depth of foundation structure 14 in simulated foundation 15 to the diameter of foundation structure 14 may be greater than 5-7: 1, or less than 5-7: 1, for different anti-susceptibility structures.
The upper end face of the foundation structure 14 (i.e. the structural part above the surface of the simulated foundation 15, i.e. the structural part exposed outside the simulated foundation 15) is flush with the ground 11 of the air boundary layer wind tunnel 21, and the upper end of the foundation structure 14 is fixedly connected with the lower end of the upper structure 23 along the vertical direction. In this embodiment, the flange plates 22 are respectively arranged at the upper end of the foundation structure 14 and the lower end of the upper structure 23, and the flange plates 22 of the foundation structure 14 and the upper structure 23 are fixedly connected by bolts, so that the disassembly and assembly are convenient. In other embodiments, the base structure 14 and the upper structure 23 may be welded, riveted, or the like.
In this embodiment, the upper structure 23 is a hollow circular tube with equal diameter, and the lower end surface of the upper structure is matched with the upper end surface of the base structure 14, so as to be conveniently and fixedly connected through the flange 22. The prototype structure of the superstructure 23 was a conical tower structure with a diameter of 6m at the lower end and 3.87m at the upper end. In this embodiment, after the equivalent calculation and the theoretical scale reduction, the upper structure 23 takes a circular pipe with a diameter of 0.04 m. The height of the superstructure 23 is actually controlled by the height of the wind wheel center of the fan device 24, and in other embodiments, the prototype of the superstructure 23 may be in other structural forms, such as a high voltage transmission tower, a wireless communication signal relay tower, a cooling tower, etc., and the design and manufacturing of the model should satisfy the corresponding scaling theory.
The fan device 24 is fixedly arranged at the upper end part of the upper structure 23 along the horizontal direction, and the front side of the fan device 23 faces the opening of the wind tunnel 21 of the atmospheric boundary layer; as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the atmospheric boundary layer wind tunnel 21 may simulate a uniform wind field as shown in a1, or simulate an atmospheric boundary wind field as shown in a 2. The atmospheric boundary layer wind tunnel 21 simulates structural dynamic response and structural dynamic change of a structure under the action of wind load under the action of a wind field corresponding to a landform type according to the change of atmospheric boundary wind, such as the change of wind speed flow, wind direction, turbulence intensity and the like.
The fan assembly 24 includes a servo motor 204 and a rotor 205. the blades of the rotor 205 are fabricated with reference to the NREL 5MW fan design and are fixed to the shaft of the servo motor 204 in the vertical direction, and then the fan assembly 24 is fixed to the upper end of the superstructure 23.
Preferably, a counterweight (not shown) for adjusting the mass of the superstructure 23 may be added to the outer surface of the superstructure 23.
For convenience, a simulated ground platform 11 is first provided, a sinking hole body 110 is provided at the middle position of the simulated ground platform 11, the depth of the sinking hole body 110 is 0.62m, and the width or diameter of the sinking hole body 110 is about 1 m. The distance between the foundation structure 14 and the boundary of the soil barrel 13 is not less than 3 times of the pile diameter of the foundation structure 14, so that the influence of the boundary effect can be ignored. In this embodiment, the distance between the foundation structure 14 and the boundary of the soil barrel 13 is 0.27 m. In other embodiments, the model foundation and the foundation are designed correspondingly according to specific practical conditions during the design test. The simulated foundation 15 is filled in the sinking hole body 110.
The force measuring device 12 is fixedly arranged on the upper structure 23 and is used for measuring bending moment, torque, shearing force and the like generated by the upper structure 23 under the action of simulating atmospheric boundary wind load. The fan device 24 on the upper structure 23 will generate a torque under the wind load applied by the wind tunnel 21 of the air boundary layer, and will generate a bending moment in the downwind direction and the crosswind direction, especially the bending moment at the joint of the flange 22 between the upper structure 23 and the base structure 14 (i.e. the bottom end of the upper structure and the top end of the base structure) is the largest, and the magnitude of the bending moment and the torque can be measured by the force measuring device 12.
The force measuring device 12 can be a force measuring balance, a force measuring unit or a strain gauge; in this embodiment, a strain gauge (or a strain flower) is used as the force measuring device 12; the strain gauge 12 is fixedly arranged on the surface of the upper structure 23 and is connected with the dynamic signal analyzer 16 through a data line; the strain gauge 12 selects a corresponding bridge circuit according to the measurement requirement, and a plurality of strain gauges or strain flowers are arranged. The strain gage 12 may be placed anywhere on the surface of the superstructure 23 as desired, but in practice it will typically be placed at the junction of the superstructure 23 and the substructure 14 to facilitate measurements for measuring stresses, moments, etc. generated by the superstructure 23 under wind loads.
If the force measuring device 12 is a force measuring balance or a force measuring cell, it can be arranged at the connection of the superstructure 23 and the substructure 14 according to its external configuration, facilitating the measurement of the bending moment formed at the connection of the superstructure 23 and the substructure 14 at the flange 22.
The force measuring device 12 adopts a force measuring balance, a force measuring unit or a strain gauge, and can be selected correspondingly according to research content and test requirements.
In the coupling synchronous test system, a camera 151 is fixedly arranged on the surface of a simulated foundation 15, and the lens of the camera 151 is aligned with the junction of a basic structure 14 and the surface of the simulated foundation 15; the camera 151 is used to capture lateral and/or vertical displacements of the substructure 14 under simulated atmospheric boundary wind loads and to simulate deformation of the surface of the foundation soil. When the fan unit 24 on the upper structure 23 is under wind load, the upper structure 23 and the base structure 14 will exhibit lateral displacement, generally along the downwind side; at the same time, the superstructure 23, the substructure 14, etc. will be displaced vertically under wind load. The camera 151 may then record such lateral and/or vertical displacement.
During an actual test, the lateral displacement and/or the vertical displacement of the structure needs to be recorded; for this purpose, scale values 104 with a precision in the order of millimeters are provided uniformly in the vertical direction on the surface of the upper and lower ends of the base structure 14, as shown in fig. 3. In addition, scale 104 on the surface of foundation structure 14 may also calculate the amount of sinking of foundation structure 14 in simulated foundation 15 during the test.
The laser displacement sensors are respectively arranged on the ground of the atmospheric boundary layer wind tunnel, are positioned near the top end of the upper structure and on the surface of the simulated foundation, and are used for respectively measuring the downwind direction displacement and/or the crosswind direction displacement (namely the turning angle) of the upper structure and the base structure generated under the action of the wind load of the atmospheric boundary layer wind tunnel. The laser displacement sensor comprises an upper structure laser displacement sensor and a base structure laser displacement sensor; the laser displacement sensors are respectively connected with a dynamic signal analyzer 16 through data lines 10.
The superstructure laser displacement sensor is fixedly arranged above the ground 11 of the atmospheric boundary layer wind tunnel 21; the foundation structure laser displacement sensor is fixedly arranged above the surface of the simulated foundation 15 and below the wind tunnel ground 11; these laser displacement sensors are primarily used to measure the displacement of the superstructure 23 and substructure 14 under wind loads applied by the atmospheric boundary layer wind tunnel 21.
In this embodiment, the number of the laser displacement sensors is five, the number of the upper structure laser displacement sensors is two, and the number of the foundation structure laser displacement sensors is three.
As shown in fig. 4, one of the two superstructure laser displacement sensors 18 is arranged in the downwind direction and behind the superstructure 23, and the other is arranged in the crosswind direction and on the side of the superstructure 23.
In order to facilitate the mounting of the superstructure laser displacement sensors (18,181), two sensor supports are provided, including a vertical rod 17 and a transverse rod 107 arranged transversely on the vertical rod 17, and each ground laser displacement sensor (18,181) is arranged on the transverse rod 107 of one sensor support.
In different structural tests, the number of the sensor supports is not limited, the sensor supports can be additionally arranged or removed according to actual states, and the sensor supports can be fixed by fixing objects similar to the sensor supports to fix corresponding upper structure laser displacement sensors.
As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 4, three infrastructure laser displacement sensors, one of which 19 is fixedly arranged transverse to the wind direction and is located on the surface of the simulated foundation 15 or the edge of the soil barrel 12 behind the infrastructure 14; the other two foundation structure laser displacement sensors 191 are vertically arranged and arranged on the surface of the simulated foundation 15 or the edge of the soil barrel 12 along the downwind direction through the fixing rods 109 and are positioned behind the foundation structure 14.
This mounting arrangement of a plurality of laser displacement sensors, one of which may be used to measure the displacement of the superstructure 23 of the fan unit 24 under wind load; second, the displacement data can be measured or recorded from multiple angles and orientations for the superstructure 23 and/or the infrastructure 14. In addition, the number of the laser displacement sensors is not more, the better, and the number, the installation position, the angle and the like of the laser displacement sensors should be adjusted by considering the test cost and the measurement requirement.
The number of the acceleration sensors 203 is more than two, and the acceleration sensors can be arranged on the upper structure 23 along the vertical direction at intervals and used for measuring the acceleration time course of the upper structure 23 under wind load; wherein, the time course represents that all the data collected are signal time courses, the displacement and the stress are also time courses, the ordinate is the unit of the corresponding signal, and the abscissa is the time. The number of the acceleration sensors 203 may also be two, three, four, five, etc. The test cost and the scaling quality requirements are considered, and the corresponding quantity is selected according to the requirements. In this embodiment, the number of the acceleration sensors 203 is six, three of the acceleration sensors are vertically arranged on the upper structure 23 at equal intervals along the downwind direction, and the other three acceleration sensors are vertically arranged on the upper structure 23 at equal intervals along the crosswind direction, and are used for measuring the acceleration time course of the upper structure under the action of wind load.
In the coupling synchronous test system, the dynamic signal analyzer 109 is electrically connected with the laser displacement sensor, the camera 151, the strain gauge 12 and the acceleration sensor 203 through the data line 10, and is used for collecting relevant data and performing comprehensive analysis, so as to research the dynamic characteristics of the structure.
In this embodiment, when the base structure 14, the upper structure 23, and the fan device 24 are installed, the process is as follows:
firstly, two external supports, or more than three external supports, are radially and symmetrically arranged on the same horizontal plane on the outer edge of the opening of the soil barrel 13;
the fan device 24 is then mounted on the upper end of the superstructure 23; in order to effectively fix the upper structure 23, in this embodiment, a fixing bracket 231 (as shown in fig. 4) made of "L" shaped angle steel is disposed at the top end of the upper structure 23, and the fixing bracket 231 and the external support 1011 may be connected by a rope, so that the whole fan device 24 is kept balanced and stable in the vertical direction;
then, the respective flanges 22 of the upper end of the foundation structure 14 and the lower end of the upper structure 23 are fixedly connected by bolts;
then, the lower end of the foundation structure 14 is placed in the soil barrel 13, and the connecting length of each bracket is continuously adjusted to ensure that the lower end of the foundation structure 14 is positioned at the center of the soil barrel 13;
finally, the sand and/or soil is slowly dumped into the soil barrel 13 until the predetermined deep-buried position is reached by 0.4m, and the external support is removed.
Further, in the above-described coupling synchronization test system, the vertical axis of the foundation structure 14 is located at the center of the soil barrel 13, that is, the lower end of the foundation structure 14 is located at the center of the simulated foundation 15 filled in the soil barrel 13; this allows the same internal stresses to be experienced in all directions in simulated foundation 15 when foundation structure 14 is static.
As shown in fig. 4 and 7, the above coupling synchronous testing system further includes a cover plate 20, whose outer shape is configured to correspond to the opening of the sinking hole body 110, for covering the sinking hole body 110. The cover plate 20 is adapted to cover the stepped notch 101 formed on the edge of the opening of the sinking hole body 110. The cover plate 20 is provided with a central through hole 201, and the upper structure 23, or the upper structure 23 and the base structure 14 are fixedly connected and then sleeved through the central through hole 201.
At this time, the camera 151 and the base structure laser displacement sensor (19,191) are fixedly attached to the lower surface of the cover plate 20, and the cover plate 20 prevents the influence of the wind load on the pseudo foundation 15. The aperture of the central through hole 201 of the cover plate 20 is 1.2-1.5 times of the diameter of the flange plate 22. Thus, the upper structure is in a wind field environment during the test, the part below the cover plate 20 is hardly directly acted by wind load, and the cover plate is not in contact with the structure and has no constraint effect on the structure.
The upper surface of the cover plate 20 and the wind tunnel ground 11 are on the same horizontal plane; and then, starting a wind tunnel to simulate a wind power structure dynamic characteristic test considering the coupling effect of the wind sensitive structure and the foundation under the atmospheric boundary layer. Because the utility model discloses fully considered the influence of real soil environment to ground stake basis, the gained test result is more close the condition of wind sensitive structure and ground effect under the actual fan device receives the wind load effect.
The cover plate 20 is a transparent plate, such as a plexiglas plate, a polycarbonate plate, or the like, and may be a tempered glass plate, preferably a plexiglas plate. The transparent cover plate 20 is convenient for observing corresponding devices, test equipment and the like arranged on the surface of the simulated foundation 15.
In order to conveniently simulate the installation of equipment, instruments and cables on the foundation 15, the cover plate 20 is symmetrically divided into two parts along the diameter direction or the radial direction of the central hole 201, and the two parts are assembled and combined when in use.
As shown in fig. 7, in order to facilitate installation of the plurality of data lines 10, a plurality of threading holes 202 for threading the data lines 10 are formed in the cover plate 20. The data line 10 connects the collecting devices such as the laser displacement sensor, the camera 15, the strain gauge 12 and the acceleration sensor 203 with the dynamic signal analyzer 109 through the threading hole 202. Therefore, the test assembly line can be ensured to be neat and is favorable for testing.
It should be understood that the above description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention is given in some detail and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the invention, which is defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A wind-wind sensitive structure-foundation coupling synchronous test system based on a wind tunnel is characterized by comprising a wind sensitive structure, a simulation foundation, an acceleration sensor, a camera, a laser displacement sensor, a force measuring device and a dynamic signal analyzer, wherein the wind sensitive structure comprises an upper structure and a foundation structure; the test system is combined with an atmospheric boundary layer wind tunnel; wherein:
the simulation foundation is positioned in a sinking tunnel body of the wind tunnel ground of the atmospheric boundary layer;
the lower end of the foundation structure is buried in the simulated foundation, and the upper end of the foundation structure is exposed outside the simulated foundation and is fixedly connected with the lower end of the upper structure along the vertical direction;
the force measuring device is arranged on the structure and used for measuring stress and bending moment generated by each part of the structure under the action of simulating atmospheric boundary wind load;
the camera is arranged on the surface of the simulated foundation, and a lens of the camera is aligned with the junction of the foundation structure and the surface of the simulated foundation and is used for shooting the lateral displacement and/or the vertical displacement of the foundation structure under the action of the wind load of the simulated atmosphere boundary and the deformation of the surface of the simulated foundation;
the laser displacement sensors are respectively arranged on the ground of the atmospheric boundary layer wind tunnel, are positioned near the top end of the upper structure and on the surface of the simulated foundation, and are respectively used for measuring the downwind direction and/or the cross wind direction displacement of the upper structure and the base structure under the action of the wind load of the atmospheric boundary layer wind tunnel;
the number of the acceleration sensors is more than two, the acceleration sensors are arranged on the upper structure at intervals along the vertical direction and are used for measuring the acceleration time course of the upper structure under the action of wind load;
the dynamic signal analyzer is respectively connected with the laser displacement sensor, the camera, the force measuring device and the acceleration sensor and is used for collecting and analyzing related data so as to research the dynamic characteristics of the wind sensitive structure.
2. The wind-tunnel-based wind-wind sensitive structure-foundation coupling synchronous test system according to claim 1, wherein the simulated foundation is filled in a soil barrel, a drainage pipeline is arranged at the bottom of the soil barrel, and the soil barrel is placed in the sinking hole body.
3. The wind-tunnel-based wind-wind sensitive structure-foundation coupling synchronous test system according to claim 1, wherein scale values are provided on the surface of the foundation structure in a vertical direction.
4. The wind-tunnel-based wind-wind sensitive structure-foundation coupling synchronous test system according to claim 1, wherein the force-measuring device is a force-measuring balance, a force-measuring unit or a strain gauge.
5. The wind-tunnel-based wind-wind sensitive structure-foundation coupling synchronous test system according to claim 1, wherein the laser displacement sensor is divided into a superstructure laser displacement sensor and a substructure laser displacement sensor.
6. The wind-tunnel-based wind-wind sensitive structure-foundation coupling synchronous test system according to claim 5, wherein the number of the superstructure laser displacement sensors is two, and the two superstructure laser displacement sensors are arranged on the ground of the wind tunnel of the atmospheric boundary layer, wherein one superstructure laser displacement sensor is arranged along the downwind direction and is located behind the superstructure, and the other superstructure laser displacement sensor is arranged along the crosswind direction and is located on the side face of the superstructure.
7. The wind-tunnel-based wind-wind sensitive structure-foundation coupling synchronous test system according to claim 5, wherein the number of the foundation structure laser displacement sensors is three, and the three foundation structure laser displacement sensors are arranged above the surface of the simulated foundation and below the ground of the wind tunnel, wherein one of the three foundation structure laser displacement sensors is arranged along the transverse wind direction, and the other two foundation structure laser displacement sensors are vertically arranged and arranged behind the foundation structure along the downwind direction.
8. The wind-tunnel-based wind-wind sensitive structure-foundation coupling synchronous test system according to claim 1, further comprising a cover plate adapted to cover said sunken tunnel body, wherein an upper surface of the cover plate is flush with a ground surface of the wind tunnel.
9. The wind-tunnel-based wind-wind sensitive structure-foundation coupling synchronous test system according to claim 8, wherein the cover plate is provided with a central through hole and a threading hole, and the upper structure is fixedly connected with the base structure and then penetrates through the central through hole; and the dynamic signal analyzer is respectively connected with the laser displacement sensor, the camera, the force measuring device and the acceleration sensor by a data line penetrating through the threading hole.
10. The wind-tunnel-based wind-wind sensitive structure-foundation coupling synchronous test system according to claim 9, wherein the cover plate is symmetrically split into two along a diameter direction.
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