CN214159859U - Preform and wear part - Google Patents

Preform and wear part Download PDF

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Publication number
CN214159859U
CN214159859U CN202023349724.7U CN202023349724U CN214159859U CN 214159859 U CN214159859 U CN 214159859U CN 202023349724 U CN202023349724 U CN 202023349724U CN 214159859 U CN214159859 U CN 214159859U
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steel block
ceramic
steel
preform
ceramic base
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CN202023349724.7U
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刘少华
付超
贾继欣
陈杰
张海峰
林育君
战斗
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Zhongke Zhuoyi Composite Materials Dongguan Co ltd
Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory
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Zhongke Zhuoyi Composite Materials Dongguan Co ltd
Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory
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Abstract

The application provides a prefabricated part and wear-resisting piece relates to crushing machinery technical field. A prefabricated body comprises a ceramic base body and a steel block embedded in the ceramic base body, wherein the ceramic base body is provided with a pore channel, one end of the pore channel extends to the surface of the ceramic base body, and the other end of the pore channel is close to the steel block. Through the pore canal and the steel block arranged in the ceramic matrix, the molten steel can enter the ceramic matrix in the process of compounding the prefabricated body with the molten steel, so that the strength of the formed wear-resistant part is improved, and the wear resistance is improved. One end of the pore canal extends to the surface of the ceramic matrix, the other end of the pore canal is close to the steel block, the steel block is used as a chilling block, so that the molten steel around the steel block is accelerated to solidify in the process that the prefabricated body is compounded with the molten steel, and the phenomenon that the molten steel around the prefabricated body is solidified first and then the molten steel inside the prefabricated body is solidified is avoided, so that the molten steel inside the ceramic matrix is cooled and shrunk to form shrinkage cavities, and the toughness of the solidified wear-resistant part is improved.

Description

Preform and wear part
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of crushing machinery, in particular to a prefabricated part and a wear-resistant part.
Background
The vertical shaft hammer crusher crushes limestone, granite and other stone materials by means of high-speed rotation of the hammer head on the rotary table, the hammer head of the rotor component can be impacted by the materials at high speed during working, and the harsh working condition puts higher requirements on the performance of the hammer head. As the failure of the hammer head is mainly impact abrasion and fracture, a high manganese steel material with excellent toughness is generally used, but the high manganese steel has low hardness, and the surface of the high manganese steel is worn and failed without being processed and hardened. Although high-chromium cast iron has high hardness and good wear resistance, the fracture toughness is insufficient, and the hammer head is easy to break under high impact load. If the hammer head adopts the ceramic material with higher crushing hardness, the service life of the hammer head is about 2 days or even shorter, so that the daily disassembly and replacement of parts are very troublesome, and the crushing use efficiency of a user is restricted. Therefore, the service life of the wear-resistant parts such as the hammer head becomes a key problem.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The application aims to provide a prefabricated part and a wear-resistant part so as to improve the wear resistance and the service life of the wear-resistant part.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a preform, including a ceramic substrate and a steel block embedded in the ceramic substrate, the ceramic substrate is provided with a pore, one end of the pore extends to a surface of the ceramic substrate, and the other end is close to the steel block.
This application is through setting up pore and steel bloom in ceramic base member for the prefabricated part is at the in-process compound with the molten steel, and the molten steel can get into ceramic base member's inside, improves the intensity of the wear-resisting piece of formation, improves wear resistance. One end of the pore canal extends to the surface of the ceramic matrix, the other end of the pore canal is close to the steel block, the steel block is used as a chilling block, so that the molten steel around the steel block is accelerated to solidify in the process that the prefabricated body is compounded with the molten steel, and the phenomenon that the molten steel around the prefabricated body is solidified first and then the molten steel inside the prefabricated body is solidified is avoided, so that the molten steel inside the ceramic matrix is cooled and shrunk to form shrinkage cavities, and the toughness of the solidified wear-resistant part is improved.
In one possible implementation manner, the ceramic substrate has a first surface, a second surface opposite to the first surface, and a side surface arranged in a surrounding manner, the ceramic substrate is provided with a plurality of first pore channels and a plurality of second pore channels, one end of each first pore channel extends to the first surface of the ceramic substrate, and the other end of each first pore channel is close to the steel block; one end of the second pore channel extends to the side face of the ceramic base body and is close to the edge of the first surface of the ceramic base body, and the other end of the second pore channel is close to the steel block.
According to the application, the first pore channel and the second pore channel are respectively arranged on the first surface and the side surface of the ceramic matrix, so that the action surface and the side surface of the wear-resistant part after the prefabricated body and the molten steel are compounded are both provided with the steel-ceramic composite material, and the wear resistance of the action surface and the side surface of the wear-resistant part is enhanced.
In one possible implementation manner, the axial direction of the first pore passage and the side surface of the ceramic matrix form a first included angle, and the degree of the first included angle is 0-45 degrees; the axial direction of the second pore channel and the first surface of the ceramic matrix form a second included angle, and the degree of the second included angle is 0-45 degrees.
The structure enables the length direction of the first pore channel to be approximately parallel to the direction of the impact on the first surface of the ceramic matrix, and the length direction of the second pore channel to be approximately parallel to the direction of the impact on the side surface of the ceramic matrix. According to the abrasion mechanism, the direction of impact between the material and the abrasion surface is not more than 45 degrees, so that the abrasion loss is reduced. After forming the wearing parts, the ceramic matrix contacts with the ceramic-metal composite material firstly when impacting, which is equivalent to instantaneous impact Ft ═ Δ P, the composite material has good compression resistance effect, so that the material is cracked due to the impact of self energy conversion, and a good impression protection effect is played on the metal matrix of the wearing parts.
In one possible implementation, the axial direction of the first channel is parallel to the side surface of the ceramic substrate, and the axial direction of the second channel is parallel to the first surface of the ceramic substrate.
The structure is beneficial to improving the abrasion resistance of the action surface and the side corner of the abrasion-resistant part.
In a possible implementation manner, the ceramic base body has a first side surface and a second side surface arranged opposite to the first side surface, an edge of the first side surface close to the first surface has two corner regions, an edge of the second side surface close to the first surface also has two corner regions, and one end of each of the plurality of second pore channels is respectively arranged in the four corner regions.
The structure is beneficial to improving the abrasion resistance of the side corners of the abrasion-resistant part, and the abrasion resistance of the abrasion-resistant part can be ensured to a greater extent.
In one possible implementation, one end of the first channels is arranged in a matrix on the first surface of the ceramic substrate.
The structure is beneficial to improving the impact resistance uniformity and the wear resistance uniformity of the wear-resistant part after the metal and the ceramic matrix are compounded.
In a possible implementation manner, the steel block includes a first steel block and a second steel block which are fixedly connected, the first steel block is arranged close to the second surface of the ceramic base, the second steel block is arranged on one side of the first steel block, which is far away from the second surface of the ceramic base, and the first steel block and the second steel block are different in size in a direction parallel to the second surface of the ceramic base. The structure enables the combination between the steel block and the ceramic matrix to be firmer.
In one possible implementation, the dimension of the first steel block in a direction parallel to the second surface of the ceramic substrate is smaller than the dimension of the second steel block in this direction. The structure has the effect of mechanical riveting and locking, can improve the stability of the pre-embedded block and the ceramic matrix, and can prevent the occurrence of the accident of separation and splitting of the wear-resistant part formed by the prefabricated part in the process of high-speed rotation.
In a second aspect, a wear part is provided, comprising the above preform. The surface of the prefabricated body is wrapped with a metal material, and the inside of the pore canal is filled with the metal material.
The wear-resistant part has good toughness and is not easy to crack. The machine tooling is simple, with low costs, dismantles the convenience.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained from the drawings without inventive effort.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a preform from a first perspective according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a second perspective view of a preform provided in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a perspective schematic structural view of a preform provided in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a preset steel block provided in an embodiment of the present application.
Icon: 100-a preform; 110-ceramic matrix; 111-a first surface; 112-a second surface; 113-side; 1131 — a first side; 1132 — a second side; 120-a steel block; 121-a first steel block; 122-a second steel block; 130-a pore channel; 131-a first bore; 132-second bore.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present application, generally described and illustrated in the figures herein, can be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application, presented in the accompanying drawings, is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the application. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "center", "inside", "outside", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings or orientations or positional relationships that are conventionally placed when products of the application are used, and are only used for convenience in describing the application and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements to be referred must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the application. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used solely to distinguish one from another and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
Some embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 2 and fig. 3, fig. 1 and fig. 2 are schematic structural diagrams of a first viewing angle and a second viewing angle of the preform 100 provided in this embodiment, respectively, and fig. 3 is a schematic perspective structural diagram of the preform 100 provided in this embodiment.
The embodiment provides a preform 100, which includes a ceramic substrate 110 and a steel block 120 embedded in the ceramic substrate 110, where the ceramic substrate 110 is provided with a via 130, one end of the via 130 extends to a surface of the ceramic substrate 110, and the other end is close to the steel block 120.
In this embodiment, the ceramic substrate 110 has a first surface 111, a second surface 112 opposite to the first surface 111, and a side surface 113 surrounding the first surface 111, and the ceramic substrate 110 has a plurality of first channels 131 and a plurality of second channels 132. The first and second ports 131 and 132 in the embodiment of the present application are used for filling molten steel so that metal is combined with ceramic. One end of the first channel 131 extends to the first surface 111 of the ceramic substrate 110, and the other end is close to the steel block 120; one end of the second porthole 132 extends to the side 113 of the ceramic base 110 and is close to the edge of the first surface 111 of the ceramic base 110, and the other end is close to the steel block 120.
The structure is that the first duct 131 and the second duct 132 extend from the surface of the ceramic substrate 110 to the steel block 120, so that the steel block 120 is used as a chilling block to accelerate the solidification of the molten steel around the steel block 120 in the process of compositing the ceramic substrate 110 with the molten steel, and the molten steel around the preform 100 is prevented from solidifying first and then, so that the molten steel in the ceramic substrate 110 is prevented from cooling and shrinking to form a shrinkage cavity to influence the toughness of the solidified steel.
In the present embodiment, the first cell channels 131 and the second cell channels 132 are rectangular bodies, the lengths of the first cell channels 131 and the second cell channels 132 are set according to the size of the ceramic substrate 110, and the length of the first cell channels 131 is greater than the length of the second cell channels 132. In other embodiments of the present application, the shapes of the first and second hole channels 131 and 132 may also be cylinders or other prisms, which are not limited in the present application.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the axial direction of the first channel 131 forms a first angle with the side surface 113 of the ceramic substrate 110, and the degree of the first angle is 0 to 45 degrees. The structure enables the length direction of the first pore channels 131 to be approximately parallel to the direction of the impact on the first surface 111 of the ceramic matrix 110, and the direction of the impact between the material and the wear surface is not more than 45 degrees according to the wear mechanism, which is beneficial to reducing the wear loss. After forming the wear-resistant part, the ceramic substrate 110 is firstly contacted with the ceramic-metal composite material during impact, which is equivalent to instantaneous impact Ft ═ Δ P, the composite material has good compression resistance effect, so that the material is cracked due to the impact generated by self energy conversion, and a good impression protection effect is achieved on the metal substrate of the wear-resistant part. If the impact direction is perpendicular to the abrasion direction, i.e. the length direction of the first channel 131 is perpendicular to the impact direction, the ceramic metal composite material is cut layer by layer or broken off easily due to the resistance to compression and resistance to tension, so that the abrasion is fast.
In the present embodiment, the axial direction of the first via 131 is parallel to the side surface 113 of the ceramic substrate 110, i.e., the extending direction of the first via 131 is perpendicular to the first surface 111 of the ceramic substrate 110. This structure helps the wearing resistance of the wearing part action face to a great extent.
In some embodiments of the present application, the first channel 131 near the steel block 120 extends from the first surface 111 of the ceramic substrate 110 to the steel block 120, i.e., the first channel 131 communicates with the ceramic substrate 110, so that the molten steel contacts the steel block 120 after being poured into the ceramic substrate 110, thereby increasing the cooling solidification rate of the molten steel. In order to make the impact resistance and wear resistance of the wear resistant member after the metal is combined with the ceramic substrate 110 uniform, the plurality of first portholes 131 in the embodiment of the present application are arranged in a matrix. In other embodiments of the present application, the plurality of first conduits 131 are randomly arranged or arranged in other manners, which is not limited in the present application.
The wear part formed by the ceramic base 110 is not only impacted on one surface during application, but often also on the side 113. In order to increase the wear resistance of the side 113 of the wear part and to reduce the wear of the wear part, the ceramic base body 110 is provided with a plurality of second portholes 132. One end of the second porthole 132 extends to the side 113 of the ceramic base 110 and is close to the edge of the first surface 111 of the ceramic base 110, and the other end is close to the steel block 120.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the axial direction of the second channel 132 has a second angle with the first surface 111 of the ceramic substrate 110, and the second angle is between 0 and 45 degrees. The structure enables the length direction of the second pore channels 132 to be approximately parallel to the direction of the impact on the side surface 113 of the ceramic matrix 110, and the material and the abrasion surface impact in a 45-degree direction according to an abrasion mechanism, which is beneficial to reducing the abrasion loss. In the present embodiment, the axial direction of the second via 132 is parallel to the first surface 111 of the ceramic substrate 110, i.e., the extending direction of the first via 131 is perpendicular to the side surface 113 of the ceramic substrate 110. This configuration contributes to an improved wear resistance of the corners of the wear part sides 113.
In the embodiment of the present application, the ceramic substrate 110 has a first side surface 1131 and a second side surface 1132 opposite to the first side surface 1131, an edge of the first side surface 1131 close to the first surface 111 has two corner regions, an edge of the second side surface 1132 close to the first surface 111 also has two corner regions, and one end of each of the second pore channels 132 is disposed in each of the four corner regions. In the embodiment of the application, each corner area is provided with nine holes arranged in a matrix, and the structure is helpful for improving the abrasion resistance of the corners of the side surfaces 113 of the abrasion-resistant parts, so that the abrasion resistance of the abrasion-resistant parts can be ensured to a greater extent. In other embodiments of the present application, a plurality of second ducts 132 may be formed on the edges, not only corner regions, of the first side surface 1131 and the second side surface 1132 close to the first surface 111, and the arrangement manner may be set according to requirements, which is not limited in the present application.
Since the first surface 111 of the ceramic substrate 110 is mainly provided with the holes of the first via 131, the length of the second via 132 is not too long so as to avoid affecting the arrangement of the first via 131. Preferably, the length of the second pore channels 132 is one fifth to one tenth of the length of the ceramic matrix 110 in the length direction.
The preform 100 is subsequently combined with molten steel to form a wear part, which generally needs to be connected to a mechanical arm or the like for crushing. However, molten steel (iron) such as molten iron of high-chromium cast iron has high hardness after solidification, and is difficult to machine, and if machining is performed on high-chromium cast iron, the hammer head may be cracked. The present application realizes the connection of wearing parts through the preset steel piece 120. To improve the machinability of the wear part, the steel block 120 is a low carbon steel, such as a Q235 block, 45 steel, or other tool carbon steel, which has low strength and low hardness and can be machined after casting. In this embodiment, set up the screw hole that is used for connecting on steel block 120 to with bolted connection, make things convenient for the dismantlement in the in-service use process.
In the embodiment of the present application, the steel block 120 is disposed at the center of the preform 100, so that the formed wear-resistant member, such as a hammer, can effectively provide a force conduction path in the use process, and the force applied to each position of the wear-resistant member is uniform.
Referring to fig. 4, fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a preset steel block 120 provided in an embodiment of the present application. In the embodiment of the present application, the steel block 120 includes a first steel block 121 and a second steel block 122 fixedly connected, the first steel block 121 is disposed near the second surface 112 of the ceramic substrate 110, and the second steel block 122 is disposed on a side of the first steel block 121 away from the second surface 112 of the ceramic substrate 110. The first and second steel blocks 121, 122 differ in size in a direction parallel to the second surface 112 of the ceramic substrate 110. This structure makes the bonding between the steel block 120 and the ceramic base 110 more stable. In this embodiment, the dimension of the first steel block 121 in a direction parallel to the second surface 112 of the ceramic substrate 110 is smaller than the dimension of the second steel block 122 in that direction. The structure has the effect of mechanical riveting and locking, and can improve the stability of the pre-embedded block and the ceramic matrix 110, so that the abrasion-resistant part formed by the prefabricated part 100 cannot break away from the splitting accident in the process of high-speed rotation. In the embodiment of the present application, the first steel block 121 and the second steel block 122 are both rectangular parallelepipeds. In other embodiments of the present application, the first steel block 121 may be a cylinder, and the second steel block 122 is a rectangular parallelepiped, and the present application does not limit the specific shape thereof.
The present application further provides a wear part (not shown) comprising a preform 100 and a steel material wrapping the surface of the preform 100 and filling the first and second portholes 131, 132. The bottom and the corner area of the side edge of the wear-resistant part of the structure are made of composite materials of steel and ceramics.
The wear-resistant part has the following beneficial effects:
1. good toughness and difficult cracking in service process
The wear part has an outer wear surface of a steel-ceramic composite and an inner pre-positioned steel block 120. In the process of fusing the molten steel with the steel block 120, the molten steel grains are refined due to the chilling action of the preset steel block 120, the toughness of the steel is improved, and the probability of integral fracture of the wear-resistant part in the service process is reduced.
2. Simple machining, low cost and convenient disassembly
Due to the fact that the preset steel block 120 is low in hardness, the steel block 120 can be machined, machining limitation is avoided, and machining is simple. The steel block 120 can be connected with a bolt, the bolt is independent of parts, and the on-site installation and the disassembly are simple and convenient. The steel block 120 is low in purchase cost and reduces cost.
3. Low density and weight
The proportion of the hammerhead is ceramic material, so the density of the ceramic material is only 4.5-5.5g/cm3Therefore, compared with the original high manganese steel, the weight of the combined hammer can be reduced by about 10 percent, a better part lightweight effect is achieved, and the power output of a motor and the bearing loss can be reduced.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims (10)

1. The prefabricated body is characterized by comprising a ceramic base body and a steel block embedded in the ceramic base body, wherein the ceramic base body is provided with a pore passage, one end of the pore passage extends to the surface of the ceramic base body, and the other end of the pore passage is close to the steel block.
2. The preform of claim 1, wherein the ceramic matrix has a first surface, a second surface opposite to the first surface, and a side surface surrounding the first surface, the ceramic matrix has a plurality of first channels and a plurality of second channels, one end of each first channel extends to the first surface of the ceramic matrix, and the other end of each first channel is close to the steel block; one end of the second pore channel extends to the side face of the ceramic base body and is close to the edge of the first surface of the ceramic base body, and the other end of the second pore channel is close to the steel block.
3. The preform of claim 2, wherein the axial direction of the first channel has a first included angle with the side surface of the ceramic matrix, and the degree of the first included angle is 0-45 degrees; and a second included angle is formed between the axis direction of the second pore channel and the first surface of the ceramic matrix, and the degree of the second included angle is 0-45 degrees.
4. The preform of claim 3, wherein the first channels have an axial direction parallel to a side surface of the ceramic matrix, and the second channels have an axial direction parallel to a first surface of the ceramic matrix.
5. The preform of claim 2, wherein the ceramic base has a first side and a second side opposite to the first side, the first side has two corner regions near an edge of the first surface, the second side has two corner regions near an edge of the first surface, and one end of each of the second cells is disposed in each of the four corner regions.
6. The preform of claim 2, wherein one end of the first plurality of cell channels is arranged in a matrix on the first surface of the ceramic matrix.
7. The preform of claim 1, wherein the steel blocks comprise a first steel block and a second steel block fixedly connected, the first steel block is disposed adjacent to the second surface of the ceramic base, the second steel block is disposed on a side of the first steel block away from the second surface of the ceramic base, and the first steel block and the second steel block have different dimensions in a direction parallel to the second surface of the ceramic base.
8. The preform of claim 7, wherein a dimension of the first steel block in a direction parallel to the second surface of the ceramic substrate is smaller than a dimension of the second steel block in the direction.
9. A wear part comprising a preform according to any one of claims 1 to 8, the interior of the cells being filled with a metallic material.
10. A wear part in accordance with claim 9, wherein the surface of the preform is coated with a metallic material.
CN202023349724.7U 2020-12-31 2020-12-31 Preform and wear part Active CN214159859U (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114349518A (en) * 2022-01-11 2022-04-15 松山湖材料实验室 Porous ceramic preform and preparation method thereof, and hammer head and preparation method thereof

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114349518A (en) * 2022-01-11 2022-04-15 松山湖材料实验室 Porous ceramic preform and preparation method thereof, and hammer head and preparation method thereof

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